RESUMEN
We have shown that adenoid tissue contains large amounts of the inflammatory mediator histamine. Children with fluid present in both ears at operation were found to have increased amounts of histamine in their adenoid tissue compared to a group with no signs or symptoms of SOM. Also mouth breathing and nasal obstruction were associated with adenoid histamine content whereas other signs and symptoms were not. No significant differences in adenoid weight were seen between SOM and non SOM patients. Histamine, both free and cell-associated, was found in nasopharyngeal secretions and middle-ear fluid although the source and mechanism of release has not yet been identified. We suggest that the benefits of adenoidectomy in children with SOM may possibly come from removing a potential source of inflammatory mediators in the vicinity of the Eustachian tube.
Asunto(s)
Tonsila Faríngea/análisis , Histamina/análisis , Otitis Media con Derrame/etiología , Otitis Media/etiología , Adenoidectomía , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Nasofaringe/metabolismo , Tamaño de los Órganos , Otitis Media con Derrame/metabolismoRESUMEN
Follicular dendritic cells (FDC), isolated from human tonsils or adenoids, were tested for their capacity to retain monomeric, aggregated or antigen-bound human antibodies in the absence of serum. FDC retain fluorescein-labelled heat-aggregated human immunoglobulins, but not monomeric ones nor fluorescein-labelled F(ab')2 in monomeric or aggregated form. Ultrastructural observations showed that colloidal gold-labelled monomeric, or antigen-bound, antibodies directed against tetanus toxoid are retained by dendrites and membrane infoldings of FDC but are never located in cytoplasmic vesicles. This retention was inhibited by incubating FDC with unlabelled aggregated or antigen-bound antibodies. When gold-labelled anti-tetanus toxoid antibodies were incubated in the presence of protein-A before the contact with FDC, a strong reduction of their retention occurred. This further suggested the presence of Fc receptors on isolated tonsillar FDC. Endocytosis was not observed in isolated FDC, even after prolonged incubation in presence of labelled immune complexes: their Fc receptors are, thus, not related to a phagocytic activity as they are in macrophages. Simultaneous ultrastructural labelling of Fc and C3b receptors with colloidal gold particles of different sizes did not reveal any clear relations between these two receptors on the surface of FDC.
Asunto(s)
Tonsila Faríngea/análisis , Tonsila Palatina/análisis , Receptores Fc/análisis , Tonsila Faríngea/citología , Tonsila Faríngea/ultraestructura , Anticuerpos/análisis , Humanos , Microscopía Electrónica , Tonsila Palatina/citología , Tonsila Palatina/ultraestructura , Receptores de Complemento/análisis , Receptores de Complemento 3bRESUMEN
Twenty-four children with secretory otitis media awaiting operation for removal of adenoids were studied to investigate the effects of an antihistamine/nasal decongestant combination ('Dimotapp') and sodium cromoglycate nasal drops on the histamine content of adenoids, middle ear fluid and nasopharyngeal secretions. The children were divided into three age and sex matched groups, one of which acted as a control, and received recommended therapeutic doses of either drug for 7 days immediately prior to operation. The results showed that total adenoid histamine content of both drug groups was significantly raised (p less than 0.05) when compared to the control group. Where present, neither 'Dimotapp' nor sodium cromoglycate had any effect on the mean free histamine in the middle ear fluid. In the sodium cromoglycate group the mean free histamine content of the nasopharyngeal secretions was significantly higher than in the control or 'Dimotapp' groups.
Asunto(s)
Tonsila Faríngea/análisis , Clorfeniramina/administración & dosificación , Cromolin Sódico/administración & dosificación , Exudados y Transudados/análisis , Histamina/análisis , Otitis Media con Derrame/metabolismo , Otitis Media/metabolismo , Fenilefrina/administración & dosificación , Fenilpropanolamina/administración & dosificación , Niño , Combinación de Medicamentos/administración & dosificación , Oído Medio/metabolismo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Medicamentos Compuestos contra Resfriado, Gripe y Alergia , Nasofaringe/metabolismo , Distribución AleatoriaAsunto(s)
Tonsila Faríngea , Eritrocitos/análisis , Complejo Hierro-Dextran/uso terapéutico , Tonsila Faríngea/análisis , Anemia Hipocrómica/tratamiento farmacológico , Preescolar , Recuento de Eritrocitos , Femenino , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Hipertrofia/sangre , Hierro/análisis , Hierro/sangre , Complejo Hierro-Dextran/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
Free amino acids in the tissue of the palatine tonsil and the adenoid were analyzed using a JEOL 6-AS Type Auto-Analyzer, and comparative examination was made on 26 kinds of amino acids discovered. Of these, 23 amino acids showed significantly high values in the palatine tonsil, but hydroxyproline and tryptophan showed somewhat higher values in the adenoid. These results suggest that the metabolism in the palatine tonsil is more active than in the adenoid.