RESUMEN
Introducción: el desarrollo de preferencias con respecto a los estilos de aprendizaje de un estudiante universitario sufre variaciones porque la nueva era tecnológica provoca un cambio en la manera en que se aprende, dado por un punto convergente: las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación y el uso del teléfono inteligente, entre otros dispositivos digitales. Objetivo: explicar aspectos conceptuales y metodológicos que establecen la necesidad de un adecuado binomio estilos de aprendizaje-TIC en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje (PEA) de la educación superior actual. Métodos: mediante el análisis documental se revisó la bibliografía en español e inglés entre 2012 y 2022, se emplearon las bases de datos: Redalyc, Dialnet, SciELO, y Google Scholar. Las palabras clave fueron: estilos de aprendizaje, tecnologías de la información y la comunicación y proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Los criterios de selección se aplicaron a 145 fuentes bibliográficas identificadas inicialmente y fueron seleccionados 25 artículos. Desarrollo: se confrontaron criterios y se emitieron juicios relacionados con la necesidad de preparación de los docentes universitarios para utilizar las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, teniendo en cuenta los estilos de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Conclusiones: los estudiantes universitarios han desarrollado los estilos de aprendizaje en función de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación, lo cual exige la preparación docente en función de aplicar estrategias metodológicas contextualizadas para el logro de un adecuado binomio estilos de aprendizaje-Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación, que garantice un mejor ejercicio de su profesión.
Introduction: the development of preferences with respect to the learning styles of a university student, it undergoes variations because the new technological era causes a change in the way in which one learns, given by a converging point: Information and Communication Technologies and the use of the smartphone, among other e- devices. Objective: explain conceptual and methodological aspects that establish the need for an adequate binomial of learning styles-ICT in the teaching-learning process (TLP) of current higher education. Methods: through documentary analysis, the bibliography was reviewed in Spanish and English from 2012 to 2022, the databases were used: Redalyc, Dialnet, SciELO, and Google Scholar. The keywords were: learning styles, information and communication technologies and teaching-learning process. The selection criteria were applied to 145 bibliographic sources initially identified and 25 articles were selected. Development: criteria were compared, and judgments were made related to the need to prepare university teachers to use Information and Communication Technologies in the teaching-learning process, considering the learning styles of the students. Conclusions: university students have developed learning styles based on Information and Communication Technologies, which requires teacher preparation based on applying contextualized methodological strategies to achieve an adequate binomial of learning styles-Information and Communication Technologies, which guarantees a better exercise of their profession.
Asunto(s)
Aprendizaje , Estudiantes , Enseñanza , Tics , DocentesRESUMEN
El uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones ha tenido un impacto significativo en todas las áreas del conocimiento, de manera particular en los procesos sustantivos de la educación superior en las carreras tecnológicas de la salud. Es propósito de los autores informar sobre el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones para la divulgación de actividades docentes, extensionistas e investigativas de la cátedra Integración de las Ciencias y la Educación Superior por un Desarrollo Sostenible. Se destaca la vinculación de dos proyectos de investigación científica con un fin único: la promoción de actividades educativas con herramientas digitales.
The use of Information and Communication Technologies has had a significant impact in all areas of knowledge, particularly in the substantive processes of higher education in health technology careers. It is the authors' purpose to report on the use of Information and Communication Technologies for the dissemination of teaching, extension and research activities of the chair Integration of Sciences and Higher Education for Sustainable Development. The linkage of two scientific research projects with a unique purpose: the promotion of educational activities with digital tools is highlighted.
Asunto(s)
Tics , UniversidadesRESUMEN
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent cardiac condition predominantly affecting older adults, characterized by irregular heartbeat rhythm. The condition often leads to significant disability and increased mortality rates. Traditionally, two therapeutic strategies have been employed for its treatment: heart rate control and rhythm control. Recent clinical studies have emphasized the critical role of early restoration of sinus rhythm in improving patient outcomes. The persistence of the irregular rhythm allows for the progression and structural remodeling of the atria, eventually leading to irreversible stages, as observed clinically when AF becomes permanent. Cardioversion to sinus rhythm alters this progression pattern through mechanisms that are still being studied. In this review, we provide an in-depth analysis of the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for maintaining AF and how they are modified during sinus rhythm restoration using existing therapeutic strategies at different stages of clinical investigation. Moreover, we explore potential future therapeutic approaches, including the promising prospect of gene therapy.
Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial , Cardiopatías , Tics , Humanos , Anciano , Fibrilación Atrial/terapia , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Atrios CardíacosRESUMEN
In this case report, a patient with Tourette syndrome was admitted to the emergency department with nonrhythmic, continuous, generalized hyperkinetic movements associated with muscle contractions in the trunk, neck, and upper and lower limbs caused by depletion of the deep brain stimulation battery.
Asunto(s)
Estimulación Encefálica Profunda , Tics , Síndrome de Tourette , Humanos , Síndrome de Tourette/complicaciones , Síndrome de Tourette/terapia , Tics/etiología , Tics/terapia , Estimulación Encefálica Profunda/efectos adversos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Globo Pálido/fisiologíaRESUMEN
O envelhecimento humano é um fenômeno que vem crescendo em escala global e se constitui como um acontecimento que chama a atenção de alguns anos para cá. Outro fator de muita relevância na contemporaneidade são as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TICs) que nos possibilitam questionar quais são os significados atribuídos pelos idosos a essas tecnologias, levando em consideração o uso do smartphone. O presente estudo tem como objetivo conhecer de que forma os idosos utilizam e como se relacionam com este aparelho. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, em que a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação de questionários a 100 pessoas com mais de sessenta anos, participantes de grupos de convivência em uma cidade do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versão 25, possibilitando a análise por meio de uma estatística descritiva. A pesquisa possibilitou a compreensão de como os idosos se relacionam com esta tecnologia, as dificuldades de inserção em um mundo conectado e as limitações que estes apresentam ao manusear seu smartphone. Também foram listados os aplicativos mais utilizados pela categoria pesquisada, contemplando durante a discussão os benefícios de utilizarem as TICs e os sentimentos que acometem esses idosos.(AU)
Human aging is a phenomenon that has been growing on a global scale and constitutes an event that has drawn attention in recent years. Another very relevant factor in contemporaneity are the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) that allow us to question what are the meanings attributed by the elderly to these technologies, considering the use of smartphones. The present study aims to understand how the elderly use and relate to this device. This is a quantitative study, in which data collection was carried out by applying questionnaires to 100 people over sixty years old, participants of socialization groups in a city in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, enabling analysis by using descriptive statistics. The research made it possible to understand how the elderly relate to this technology, the difficulties of insertion in a connected world, and the limitations they present when handling their smartphone. The applications most used by this researched category were also listed, contemplating during the discussion the benefits of using ICTs and the feelings that affect these elderly people.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Adhesión Celular , Tics , Inclusión DigitalRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In clinical practice guidelines there is no consensus about the medications that should be initially offered to children and young people with Tourette's syndrome. To provide a rigorous evidence base that could help guide decision making and guideline development, we aimed to compare the efficacy, tolerability, and acceptability of pharmacological interventions for Tourette's syndrome. METHODS: For this systematic review and network meta-analysis, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov, for published and unpublished studies from database inception to Nov 19, 2021. We included double-blind randomised controlled trials of any medication administered as a monotherapy for at least 1 week against another medication or placebo in children and adolescents (aged ≥4 years and ≤18 years), adults (>18 years), or both, diagnosed with Tourette's syndrome according to standardised criteria. We excluded studies that exclusively recruited participants with comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder. The primary outcome was change in severity of tic symptoms (efficacy). Secondary outcomes were treatment discontinuations due to adverse events (tolerability) and for any reason (acceptability). Pharmacological interventions were examined considering medication categories and medications individually in separate analyses. Summary data were extracted and pooled with a random-effects network meta-analysis to calculate standardised mean differences for efficacy and odds ratios for tolerability and acceptability, with 95% CIs. The Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis (CINeMA) framework was used to assess the certainty of evidence. The protocol was pre-registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022296975). FINDINGS: Of the 12 088 records identified through the database search, 88 records representing 39 randomised controlled trials were included in the network meta-analysis; these 39 randomised controlled trials comprised 4578 participants (mean age 11·8 [SD 4·5] years; 3676 [80·8%] male participants) and evaluated 23 individual medications distributed across six medication categories. When considering medication categories, first-generation (standardised mean difference [SMD] -0·65 [95% CI -0·79 to -0·51]; low certainty of evidence) and second-generation (-0·71 [-0·88 to -0·54]; moderate certainty of evidence) antipsychotic drugs, as well as α-2 agonists (-0·21 [-0·39 to -0·03]; moderate certainty of evidence), were more efficacious than placebo. First-generation and second-generation antipsychotic drugs did not differ from each other (SMD 0·06 [95% CI -0·14 to 0·25]; low certainty of evidence). However, both first-generation (SMD 0·44 [95% CI 0·21 to 0·66]) and second-generation (0·49 [0·25 to 0·74]) antipsychotic drugs outperformed α-2 agonists, with moderate certainty of evidence. Similar findings were observed when individual medications were considered: aripiprazole (SMD -0·60 [95% CI -0·83 to -0·38]), haloperidol (-0·51 [-0·88 to -0·14]), olanzapine (-0·83 [-1·49 to -0·18]), pimozide (-0·48 [-0·84 to -0·12]), risperidone (-0·66 [-0·98 to -0·34]), and clonidine (-0·20 [-0·37 to -0·02]) all outperformed placebo, with moderate certainty of evidence. Antipsychotic medications did not differ from each other, but there was low to very low certainty of evidence for these comparisons. However, aripiprazole (SMD -0·40 [95% CI -0·69 to -0·12]) and risperidone (-0·46 [-0·82 to -0·11]) outperformed clonidine, with moderate certainty of evidence. Heterogeneity or inconsistency only emerged for a few comparisons. In terms of tolerability and acceptability, there were no relevant findings for any of the efficacious medication categories or individual medications against each other or placebo, but there was low to very low certainty of evidence associated with these comparisons. INTERPRETATION: Our analyses show that antipsychotic drugs are the most efficacious intervention for Tourette's syndrome, while α-2 agonists are also more efficacious than placebo and could be chosen by those who elect not to take antipsychotic drugs. Shared decision making about the degree of tic-related severity and distress or impairment, the trade-offs of efficacy and safety between antipsychotic drugs and α-2 agonists, and other highly relevant individual factors that could not be addressed in the present analysis, should guide the choice of medication for children and young people with Tourette's syndrome. FUNDING: None.
Asunto(s)
Antipsicóticos , Tics , Síndrome de Tourette , Masculino , Adolescente , Niño , Adulto Joven , Humanos , Femenino , Síndrome de Tourette/tratamiento farmacológico , Antipsicóticos/uso terapéutico , Clonidina , Aripiprazol , Risperidona , Metaanálisis en Red , Tics/tratamiento farmacológico , Agonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos alfa 2 , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como AsuntoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Tics are the hallmark of Tourette syndrome (TS). However, TS patients may have a particular vulnerability to develop other movement disorders (MDs), such as dystonia, chorea, stereotypy, and other hyperkinetic disorders that may be wrongly attributed to tics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied a cohort of 201 patients with motor and phonic tics associated with TS to determine if they have additional, co-existent, MDs. RESULTS: There were 67 (33.3%) patients with comorbid non-tic MDs. Phenomenology-wise, piano-playing movements resembling chorea or myoclonus, were the most common non-tic movement, observed in 11% of cases, followed by stereotypies (8.0%), tremor, dystonia and parkinsonism, 5.0% each. Drug-induced was the most common etiology (6.0%), followed by functional movement disorders (5.0%) and tardive phenomena (5.0%). No clear etiology was identified in most patients. Piano-playing movements, were associated with a younger age at onset (P = 0.004) and younger age at presentation (P < 0.001). Patients with drug-induced movements and tardive phenomena had a lower frequency of craniofacial tics. FMDs, and idiopathic MDS showed no specific associations with TS. Tic severity was not a predictor of any co-existent MD. CONCLUSION: About a third of patients with TS present with comorbid MDs which should be differentiated and distinguished from tics as their etiopathogenesis and treatment may be different.
Asunto(s)
Corea , Trastornos del Movimiento , Trastornos de Tic , Tics , Síndrome de Tourette , Humanos , Trastornos del Movimiento/epidemiología , Trastornos del Movimiento/etiología , Trastornos de Tic/complicaciones , Trastornos de Tic/epidemiología , Tics/epidemiología , Tics/etiología , Síndrome de Tourette/complicaciones , Síndrome de Tourette/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to report motor tics worsening by prednisolone acute treatment, despite the use of aripiprazole and clonidine. It was also aimed to discuss the mechanisms involved in neuropsychiatric adverse effects with the use of corticosteroids. METHODS: It was reported a 7-year-old boy patient with a history of autism spectrum disorder and motor tics. He has remitted motor tics with an association between aripiprazole and clonidine. However, was registered motor tics' recurrence with acute use of prednisolone. CONCLUSIONS: The neuropsychiatric adverse effects mediated by corticosteroid use are low explored, mainly in pediatric clinical practice. The prednisolone prescription is widespread in childhood and, considering some vulnerable conditions to this type of adverse effects, is imperative.
Asunto(s)
Trastorno del Espectro Autista , Trastorno Autístico , Tics , Aripiprazol/efectos adversos , Niño , Humanos , Masculino , Prednisolona/uso terapéutico , Tics/inducido químicamente , Tics/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a common disorder with chronic motor and phonic tics, associated with neuropsychiatric comorbidities. OBJECTIVE: To characterize clinical-demographic variables, comor bidities, and management in a pediatric cohort with TS and compare them according to sex. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A retrospective cohort of patients < 18 years old with TS followed up between 2000 and 2018 was evaluated. Clinical records were reviewed obtaining variables of age, sex, reason for consul tation, age of onset, type and complexity of tics, follow-up time, family history, obsessive behaviors, neuropsychiatric and psychopathological comorbidity, neurological disorders, and pediatric mor bidity. Studies and treatments performed, and management used were also recorded. RESULTS: 126 patients were included, aged between 4-18 years, 103 males (sex F:M ratio = 4.5:1), with a follow-up of 4.8 ± 1.9 years. The mean age of tic onset and TS diagnosis was 6.5 ± 2.2 and 9.4 ± 2.7 years, res pectively, and a diagnostic latency of 2.8 ± 2.2 years. The first consultation in the total of girls was due to tics, in contrast to the boys of whom 14.6% (n = 15) consulted due to comorbidities. There was 38.9% of tics and 8,7% of TS. Neuropsychiatric comorbidities were frequent, recorded in 69.8%, with Attention Deficit Disorder (43.6%) and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (20.6%) standing out.110 cases (87.3%), received pharmacological therapy and 54.4% required three or more drugs at some point in their evolution. Only in 16 cases (12.7%), no pharmacological therapy was required, only psychoeducation in 7 (5.6%) cases, and behavioral therapy in 9 cases (7.1%). CONCLUSIONS: The cli nical characteristics of our children with TS are similar to international descriptions, highlighting that in the group of boys, the first consultation could be due to comorbidity, recognizing later the presence of tics. Although psychoeducation and behavioral therapies are recommended as first-line management, most of the patients in this group required pharmacological therapy.
Asunto(s)
Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo , Trastornos de Tic , Tics , Síndrome de Tourette , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo/complicaciones , Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo/epidemiología , Trastorno Obsesivo Compulsivo/terapia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Trastornos de Tic/complicaciones , Trastornos de Tic/tratamiento farmacológico , Tics/epidemiología , Tics/etiología , Tics/terapia , Síndrome de Tourette/complicaciones , Síndrome de Tourette/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Tourette/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
En este artículo se analiza el impacto de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TICs) en la subjetividad del adolescente y en los vínculos intersubjetivos familiares, específicamente en el vínculo parento-filial. Se analizó una muestra de adolescentes (n=112) y una muestra de madres/padres de adolescentes (n=101) para evaluar la accesibilidad y uso de las TICs, la percepción del uso de las mismas en adolescentes y madres/padres y la incidencia que tienen en los vínculos intersubjetivos familiares. En el análisis se comprobó que las TICs aportan aspectos negativos en las relaciones familiares, ya que provocan conflictos familiares, no promueven la comunicación entre padres e hijos y generan una reducción de las actividades familiares, generando así que el vínculo intersubjetivo familiar se debilite. Las TICs constituyen una herramienta que favorece el proceso de crecimiento adolescente en la medida en que la familia actué como mediadora(AU)
This article analyzes the impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) on the adolescent subjectivity and on intersubjective family bonds, specifically on the parental-filial bond. A sample of adolescents (n = 112) and a sample of mothers / fathers of adolescents (n = 101) were analyzed to evaluate the accessibility and use of ICTs, the perception of their use in adolescents and mothers / fathers and the impact they have on family intersubjective bonds. In the analysis it was found that ICTs bring negative aspects in family relationships, since they cause family conflicts, do not promote communication between parents and children and generate a reduction in family activities, thus generating a weakening of the intersubjective family bond. ICTs constitute a tool that favors the adolescent growth process if the family acts as a mediator(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Adolescente , Tics , Relaciones Familiares , Padres , Tecnología de la Información , Conflicto FamiliarRESUMEN
El cáncer infantil se considera mayoritariamente una enfermedad crónica. La información acerca de la enfermedad y los tratamientos es una necesidad presente en todos los miembros de la familia, en los primeros momentos puede ser difícil de entender y recordar por lo cual una información clara y sencilla permitirá una mejor comprensión. Las nuevas tecnologías de la información hacen posible establecer conexiones infinitas y el campo de la salud no ha escapado a este fenómeno, han aparecido términos como "Tele cuidados" o "Tele-Enfermería", refiere al uso de las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones. Objetivo: evaluar los beneficios que brinda la implementación del Tele cuidado en la continuidad de los cuidados en pacientes pediátricos oncológicos y su familia. Material y Método: estudio descriptivo - evaluativo, la población fué de 9 pacientes incorporados al Proyecto de Telecuidado. Se utilizaron entrevistas, telefonía celular, fichas y listas de cotejo. El programa lleva implementado 6 meses en la institución, esta evaluación corresponde a una primera etapa de desarrollo del mismo. Resultados: según las dimensiones de Evaluación de necesidades, Evaluación de conceptualización y lógica del programa, Evaluación de proceso y Evaluación de resultados. Conclusión: El presente estudio nos ha permitido determinar al Tele Cuidado como una herramienta que nos ayuda a mejorar la atención de enfermería, además incrementa los procesos de comunicación y apoya la continuidad de los cuidados en el hogar[AU]
Childhood cancer is mostly considered a chronic disease. Information about the disease and treatments is a necessity present in all family members, in the first moments it can be difficult to understand and remember why clear information and simple it will allow a better understanding. The new information technologies make it possible to establish infinite connections and the field of Health, has not escaped this phenomenon, they have jumped into the health arena terms such as "Tele care" or "Tele-Nursing" , which refers to the use of information and communications technologies. Objective: to evaluate the benefits of implementing Tics in the continuity of care in pediatric cancer patients and their family. Material and Method: descriptive - evaluative study, the population was of 9 patients who joined the Telecare Project. Interviews, records and checklist were used. The program has been implemented for 6 months in the institution, this evaluation corresponds to a first stage of its development. Results: these are analyzed according to the dimensions of Needs Assessment, Evaluation of conceptualization and logic of the program, Process evaluation and Evaluation of results. Conclusion: This study has allowed us to determine Tele Care as a tool that helps us improve nursing care, also increases communication processes and allows continuity of care[AU]
O câncer infantil é considerado principalmente uma doença crônica. Informações sobre a doença e tratamentos são uma necessidade presente em todos os membros da família; nos primeiros momentos, pode ser difícil entender e lembrar, razão pela qual informações claras e simples permitirão uma melhor compreensão. As informações possibilitam o estabelecimento de conexões infinitas e o campo da Saúde, não escapou a esse fenômeno, foram destacados termos como "Telecare" ou "Tele- Nursing", que se referem ao uso das tecnologias da informação. e comunicações. Objetivo: avaliar os benefícios proporcionados pela implementação das TICs na continuidade do atendimento em pacientes com câncer pediátrico e sua família. Material e Método: estudo descritivo-avaliativo, a população foi de 9 pacientes que ingressaram no Projeto Telecare. Foram utilizadas entrevistas, arquivos e uma lista de verificação. O programa foi implementado por 6 meses na instituição, esta avaliação corresponde a um primeiro estágio de desenvolvimento. Resultados: são analisados de acordo com as dimensões Avaliação de Necessidades, Conceitualização de Programas e Avaliação Lógica, Avaliação de Processos e Avaliação de Resultados. Conclusão: Este estudo nos permitiu determinar o TeleCare como uma ferramenta que nos ajuda a melhorar os cuidados de enfermagem, também aumenta os processos de comunicação e permite a continuidade dos cuidados[AU]
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Servicio de Oncología en Hospital , Continuidad de la Atención al Paciente , Tecnología de la Información , Teleenfermería , Atención de Enfermería , Comunicación , Tics , TelepediatríaRESUMEN
El trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad afecta al 5 % de los niños en edad escolar. Se presenta una serie de 82 niños con este trastorno no asociado a enfermedades neurológicas ni a discapacidad intelectual o trastorno del espectro autista, atendidos durante un período de 8 meses en Neuropediatría: 57 casos de tipo combinado, 23 de tipo inatento y 2 de predominio hiperactivo. Tiempo medio de seguimiento: 7 ± 2,8 años (rango: 4-14,6). Compartían seguimiento con Psiquiatría 16 pacientes. Nunca recibieron tratamiento por decisión parental 12 pacientes. De los 70 que recibieron, en 20, hubo demora en el inicio del tratamiento. Tiempo medio de demora: 20 meses ± 1,6 años (rango: 1 mes y 6 años). Tiempo medio de tratamiento: 44 meses ± 2,6 años (rango: 1 mes y 10,5 años). El 90 % de los pacientes (63) que iniciaron tratamiento continuaban tomándolo en la última revisión
Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity has a high prevalence affecting 5 % of school-age children. We present a case series of 82 children with said disorder not associated with neurological diseases or intellectual disability or autism spectrum disorder, treated during a period of 8 months in a neuropediatrics clinic: 57 cases of combined type, 23 of inattentive type and 2 of overactive predominance. Average follow-up time: 7 ± 2.8 years (range: 4-14.6); 16 patients shared follow-up with Psychiatry; 12 patients never received treatment by parental decision. Of the 70 who received it, in 20 there was a delay in the start of treatment. Average delay time: 20 months ± 1.6 years (range: 1 month and 6 years). Average treatment time: 44 months ± 2.6 years (range: 1 month and 10.5 years); 90 % of the patients (63) who started treatment were under treatment at the last control
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/diagnóstico , Pediatría , Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/terapia , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tics , Discapacidades para el Aprendizaje , NeurologíaRESUMEN
Introducción: actualmente muchas personas se benefician de las ventajas que proveen las apps móviles (mHealth) para la medición de datos y controlar su salud, pero en nuestro medio aún no se refleja una tendencia sobre el uso de apps para mejorar la calidad de vida. Objetivo: el propósito del estudio es conocer el uso de dispositivos y apps móviles en el ámbito de la salud, en jóvenes estudiantes de la Carrera de Medicina de la ESPOCH. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal para determinar la prevalencia en el manejo y aprobación de las TICs a través de un muestreo de conveniencia aleatorio, seleccionando de esta manera a 245 estudiantes cuyas edades fluctúan entre los 18 y 23 años. Resultados: 93.88% (n = 230) de estudiantes poseen un teléfono del tipo Smartphone, mientras que el 6.12% (n = 15) no poseen teléfonos inteligentes, pero utilizan otros dispositivos móviles en el caso de que se requiera instalar y usar apps para diferentes necesidades. Del conjunto efecto de estudio, apenas el 5.3% (n = 13) utilizan con frecuencia apps destinados al control de su salud. Conclusión: a pesar de la evidente revolución de las tecnologías móviles y apps orientadas a la salud, se puede comprobar que aún existe una baja predisposición al uso de este tipo de herramientas debido básicamente a la falta de conocimiento de su funcionalidad, a las dudas en la fiabilidad con respecto a la información mostrada, a la seguridad y confidencialidad de los datos de salud.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Salud , Telemedicina , Tics , Aplicaciones Móviles , Estudiantes , Ecuador , MedicinaRESUMEN
La inserción de las tecnologías de información y comunicación TIC en la educación ha generado diversidad de materiales educativos didácticos con estructuras complejas y difusión masiva. Sin embargo la evaluación de la pertinencia de dichos materiales en la adquisición de conocimientos es incipiente; por ello el objetivo fue evaluar el material didáctico 'Agroforestería' en el aprendizaje de agricultores de tres zonas del departamento de Nariño. Mediante investigación acción participativa se realizó talleres de capacitación en agroforestería. Se trabajó con el modelo Stufflebeam con dos test y una encuesta informal (variables cualitativas sobre diseño del material); los datos se analizaron a través de un diseño experimental de dos factores (f1 material didáctico y f2 tiempo) con el programa SPSS versión 22.0; se construyó un modelo lineal general con medidas repetidas (ANOVA mixto). Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en participantes del grupo control en la prueba intrasujetos y en el grupo experimental en la prueba intersujetos; además, con el equipo técnico interdisciplinario, se identificó la necesidad de realizar algunos ajustes al material en cuanto a imágenes, ideas clave, forma y tamaño. Se concluye que la aplicación de materiales didácticos facilitó el aprendizaje significativo en los agricultores dado que el conocimiento adquirido se mantuvo en el tiempo, lo que evidencia que al integrar gráficos y textos contextualizados en los juegos y al desarrollarlos en un ambiente lúdico se genera una mayor compresión y se estimula la apropiación social del conocimiento.
The inclusion of information and communication technologies -ICTs- in education in the recent decades has generated a diverse variety of teaching educational materials with complex structures and massive dissemination. However, the assessment of the relevance of these materials in the acquisition of knowledge is incipient. For this reason, the objective of this research was to evaluate the teaching material "Agroforestry" in the learning of farmers in three zones of the Department of Nariño. Through participatory action research, training workshops on agroforestry were held. The Stufflebeam model was used with two tests and an informal survey (qualitative variables on material design). Data was analyzed through a two factors experimental design (f1teaching materials and f2 time) using the SPSS version 22.0 program. A general linear model with repeated measures (mixed ANOVA) was constructed. Significant differences were obtained in participants of the control group in the intra-subject test and in the experimental group in the inter-subject test. In addition, the need to make some changes on the teaching material in terms of images, key ideas, shape and size was identified with the interdisciplinary technical team. It is concluded that the use of teaching materials facilitated significant learning for the farmers given that the knowledge acquired was maintained over time, which shows that by integrating graphics and texts contextualized in the games and by developing them in a playful atmosphere, higher comprehension is created and the social appropriation of knowledge is stimulated.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Adulto , Tics , Materiales de Enseñanza , Educación , Tecnología de la InformaciónRESUMEN
Resumen (analítico): El presente artículo deriva de una investigación cuyo objetivo fue analizar las características del aprendizaje, basadas en las habilidades digitales que los individuos jóvenes de educación superior desarrollan en entornos socioculturales digitales no escolares. La relevancia de esta investigación estriba en que la comprensión analítica de estas formas de aprender permite identificar los retos que está viviendo la educación superior y las posibles formas de enfrentarlos. El abordaje metodológico es cualitativo; las técnicas de recogida de información fueron: cuestionario, grupo de discusión y grupo de enfoque. Presento aquí una lectura de los resultados mediada por la categoría analítica juventudes, desde la cual sostengo que las formas de ser joven en los entornos socioculturales digitales conlleva formas inéditas de aprender y de entender el mundo.
Abstract (analytical): This paper describes a study that has the objective of analyzing the learning characteristics, based on digital abilities, that young people in higher education develop in non-school digital socio-cultural environments. The relevance of this research is that the analytical understanding of these forms of learning contributes to identifying the challenges for higher education and possible ways to solve them. The methodological approach used is qualitative and the information collection techniques included: questionnaires, discussion groups and focus groups. The results are mediated by the analytical category of young people. The author concludes that the forms of being young in digital socio-cultural environments entail unprecedented ways of learning and understanding the world
Resumo (analítico): Este artigo deriva de uma pesquisa destinado a analisar as características de aprendizagem, com base em competências digitais, que os estudantes do ensino superior adquiram em ambientes socioculturais digitais não-escolares; a relevância desta pesquisa é que a compreensão analítica dessas formas de aprendizagem permitem identificar os desafios experimentados no ensino superior e as possíveis formas de resolvêlos. A abordagem metodológica foi qualitativa, as técnicas de recolha de informação foram: questionário, grupo de discussão e grupo de foco. A leitura dos resultados foi feita a partir da categoria analítica da juventude, a partir do qual argumenta-se que os modos de ser jovem em ambientes socioculturais digitais traz novas formas de aprendizagem e compreensão do mundo apresentado.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Tics , AprendizajeRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental dysfunctions that are characterised by deficits in social integration and communication, associated with restricted interests and stereotypic behaviour. A high percentage are related to language disorders, sensory dysfunctions, attention deficit disorder, bipolarity, intellectual disability or epilepsy, among other comorbidities. It is estimated that around 30% of children with autism, with typical early development, may present regression in the first years of life, which was already reported by Kanner in one of his original cases. The term regression refers to the loss of social, communicative or motor skills. It is essential to be alert to any symptoms of autistic regression, since it is not always an unspecific usual manifestation of the clinical spectrum of autism. Although little is known about the pathogenesis of regression, it needs to be organised hierarchically, as it can be part of different conditions with a variety of causes. AIMS: The aim of this study is to analyse distinct conditions that need to be addressed in the case of a child with autistic regression, including genetic and toxic causations, autoimmune and nutritional phenomena, and epilepsies. CONCLUSION: When faced with a case of autistic regression it is essential to try to identify the possible aetiology, as this can allow specific treatment and adequate genetic counselling to be established.
TITLE: Regresion autista: aspectos clinicos y etiologicos.Introduccion. Los trastornos del espectro autista son disfunciones del neurodesarrollo que se caracterizan por deficits en la integracion social y la comunicacion, asociados a intereses restringidos y conductas estereotipadas. Un alto porcentaje se asocia a trastorno del lenguaje, disfunciones sensoriales, trastorno por deficit de atencion, bipolaridad, discapacidad intelectual o epilepsia, entre otras comorbilidades. Se estima que aproximadamente un 30% de los niños con autismo, con desarrollo tipico inicial, pueden presentar regresion en los primeros años de vida, lo cual ya fue comunicado por Kanner en uno de sus casos originales. Se denomina regresion a la perdida de habilidades sociales, comunicativas o motoras. Es esencial estar atentos ante cualquier cuadro de regresion autista, ya que no siempre es una manifestacion habitual inespecifica del espectro clinico de autismo. Si bien la patogenia de la regresion se comprende poco, debe ser jerarquizada, ya que puede ser parte de diferentes entidades con diversas etiologias. Objetivo. Analizar diferentes entidades que deben evocarse frente a un niño con regresion autista, incluyendo etiologias geneticas, toxicas, fenomenos autoinmunes, nutricionales y epilepsias. Conclusion. Frente a un cuadro de regresion autista es esencial intentar identificar la posible etiologia, dado que esto puede permitir un tratamiento especifico y un adecuado asesoramiento genetico.
Asunto(s)
Trastorno del Espectro Autista/etiología , Encefalitis Antirreceptor N-Metil-D-Aspartato/complicaciones , Trastorno del Espectro Autista/fisiopatología , Preescolar , Dieta Vegetariana/efectos adversos , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Epilepsia/complicaciones , Epilepsia/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Intoxicación del Sistema Nervioso por Mercurio/complicaciones , Lipofuscinosis Ceroideas Neuronales/complicaciones , Lipofuscinosis Ceroideas Neuronales/genética , Embarazo , Complicaciones del Embarazo/fisiopatología , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal , Síndrome , Tics/complicaciones , Deficiencia de Vitamina B 12/complicacionesRESUMEN
Las afecciones neurológicas son uno de los motivos de consulta más frecuentes en la práctica pediátrica ambulatoria y ocupan un alto índice de las camas en la internación. El papel del pediatra en este contexto es muy complejo, ya que es quien recibe a un paciente en la emergencia o en el consultorio y debe estar atento a si un determinado síntoma o signo neurológico puede ser transitorio o el indicio de una enfermedad grave. Así, son fundamentales tanto el conocimiento de las distintas entidades neurológicas y de sus aspectos epidemiológicos y patogénicos como también el examen semiológico y los primeros estudios por realizar para la orientación diagnóstica, el tratamiento inicial, las indicaciones de derivación, la prevención de riesgos y el asesoramiento a los padres. Este nuevo volumen aborda esta temática especial con énfasis en el trabajo interdisciplinario y entre sus características se destacan: El estudio de importantes temas clínicos, como las convulsiones febriles, que se presentan en el 2% al 5% de los niños; la epilepsia infantil, con una prevalencia del 1%; la cefalea, cuya incidencia ha aumentado en los últimos veinte años y es hoy el motivo de consulta más frecuente en los servicios de neurología; las crisis paroxísticas no epilépticas, que aparecen entre el 5% y el 20% de la población infantil; el desafío diagnóstico del lactante hipotónico; las encefalopatías agudas, y los trastornos de la marcha y del movimiento. La inclusión, en todos los capítulos, de casos clínicos con su evolución y desenlace, textos destacados con los principales conceptos, puntos claves para recordar, además de material complementario, como bibliografía adicional, videos y enlaces a sitios web de interés. Una obra sólida y práctica, que transmite las experiencias de los profesionales de una institución del prestigio internacional del Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan a treinta años de su creación- dedicada a todos los pediatras, donde quiera que trabajen al servicio de la salud de los niños.