RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe if there is bacterial growth on the tunica vaginalis cavity on patients with testicular torsion submitted to orchiectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We prospectively analyzed 176 patients with testicular torsion submitted to orchiectomy at our facility between January 2018 and January 2020. Sixty-five were included in this study and samples of the tunica vaginalis cavity were sent to the laboratory for gram staining, culturing and antibiotic sensitivity testing. Wound healing was also evaluated at a minimum of 3 checkpoints (days 15, 45, and 90 after surgery). Student's t test was used for comparison of quantitative data between negative and positive cultures (P < .05). The Mann-Whitney test was used to verify associations between categorical variables and negative vs. positive cultures (P < .05). RESULTS: Of the 65 patients included in the study, with median age of 18 years (IQR 15-21), culture was negative in 58 cases (89.2%). Median time lapse from symptoms to surgery was 6.90 days (IQR 3.92-10.73). Right testicular torsion was almost twice as common as on the left side (63.07% vs 36.93%). Hydrocele was present in 47 patients (72.3%) and all wounds were healed in 84.60%, 96.90%, and 100% of the cases on the 15th, 45th, and 90th days after surgery, respectively. CONCLUSION: In the great majority of patients with testicular torsion treated with orchiectomy in our study, we did not observe bacterial growth in the tunica vaginalis cavity, and all patients' wounds were completely healed within 90 days after surgery.
Asunto(s)
Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/microbiología , Testículo/microbiología , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Orquiectomía , Estudios Prospectivos , Torsión del Cordón Espermático/cirugía , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Dogs are considered the main domestic host of Leishmania infantum. The transmission between vertebrate hosts normally occurs during blood feeding of Lutzomyia sp., a genus of phlebotomine sand flies. However, other forms of transmission without a vector have been reported. Presence of amastigotes of Leishmania sp. in different organs can cause several pathologies depending on the immune status of the host and the parasite load. The aim of this study was to evaluate histopathological changes in the reproductive tract of male dogs. Samples of testes, epididymis, and prostate gland were collected from 70 animals that were grouped according to serology test results for visceral leishmaniasis and clinical symptoms. Three experimental groups were formed based on serological results and clinical presentation: asymptomatic, symptomatic and control. Prostatic changes were seen regardless of the serological results; however, the changes were more severe in symptomatic animals. In the testes and epididymis, lesions such as interstitial infiltrate, degeneration, and fibrosis were seen more frequently and were more severe in positive animals when compared to the control group. These results demonstrate that dogs infected with Leishmania sp. can develop nonspecific changes in the reproductive tract, which are more severe in symptomatic animals.(AU)
Os cães são considerados os principais hospedeiros domésticos de Leishmania infantum. A transmissão entre hospedeiros vertebrados normalmente ocorre durante o repasto sanguíneo de Lutzomyia sp., gênero de flebotomíneo. Entretanto, outras formas de transmissão sem a presença do vetor têm sido relatadas. A presença de amastigotas de Leishmania sp. em diferentes órgãos pode causar diversas patologias de acordo com o status imune do hospedeiro e a carga parasitária. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as alterações histopatológicas no trato reprodutivo de cães machos. Amostras de testículo, epidídimo e próstata foram coletadas de 70 animais, os quais foram agrupados conforme o resultado da sorologia para leishmaniose visceral e os sinais clínicos. Três grupos experimentais foram formados baseados nos resultados sorológicos e manifestações clínicas: assintomático, sintomático e controle. Alterações prostáticas foram observadas independentemente dos resultados sorológicos; entretanto, foram mais acentuadas nos animais sintomáticos. Nos testículos e epidídimos, lesões como infiltrado intersticial, degeneração e fibrose foram observadas mais frequentemente e de forma mais severa nos animais positivos quando comparados ao grupo controle. Estes resultados demonstram que cães infectados com Leishmania sp. podem desenvolver alterações não específicas no trato reprodutivo, as quais são...(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Perros , Leishmaniasis Visceral/sangre , Leishmaniasis Visceral/veterinaria , Leishmania infantum , Epidídimo/microbiología , Próstata/microbiología , Testículo/microbiología , Pruebas Serológicas/veterinariaRESUMEN
Dogs are considered the main domestic host of Leishmania infantum. The transmission between vertebrate hosts normally occurs during blood feeding of Lutzomyia sp., a genus of phlebotomine sand flies. However, other forms of transmission without a vector have been reported. Presence of amastigotes of Leishmania sp. in different organs can cause several pathologies depending on the immune status of the host and the parasite load. The aim of this study was to evaluate histopathological changes in the reproductive tract of male dogs. Samples of testes, epididymis, and prostate gland were collected from 70 animals that were grouped according to serology test results for visceral leishmaniasis and clinical symptoms. Three experimental groups were formed based on serological results and clinical presentation: asymptomatic, symptomatic and control. Prostatic changes were seen regardless of the serological results; however, the changes were more severe in symptomatic animals. In the testes and epididymis, lesions such as interstitial infiltrate, degeneration, and fibrosis were seen more frequently and were more severe in positive animals when compared to the control group. These results demonstrate that dogs infected with Leishmania sp. can develop nonspecific changes in the reproductive tract, which are more severe in symptomatic animals.
Os cães são considerados os principais hospedeiros domésticos de Leishmania infantum. A transmissão entre hospedeiros vertebrados normalmente ocorre durante o repasto sanguíneo de Lutzomyia sp., gênero de flebotomíneo. Entretanto, outras formas de transmissão sem a presença do vetor têm sido relatadas. A presença de amastigotas de Leishmania sp. em diferentes órgãos pode causar diversas patologias de acordo com o status imune do hospedeiro e a carga parasitária. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as alterações histopatológicas no trato reprodutivo de cães machos. Amostras de testículo, epidídimo e próstata foram coletadas de 70 animais, os quais foram agrupados conforme o resultado da sorologia para leishmaniose visceral e os sinais clínicos. Três grupos experimentais foram formados baseados nos resultados sorológicos e manifestações clínicas: assintomático, sintomático e controle. Alterações prostáticas foram observadas independentemente dos resultados sorológicos; entretanto, foram mais acentuadas nos animais sintomáticos. Nos testículos e epidídimos, lesões como infiltrado intersticial, degeneração e fibrose foram observadas mais frequentemente e de forma mais severa nos animais positivos quando comparados ao grupo controle. Estes resultados demonstram que cães infectados com Leishmania sp. podem desenvolver alterações não específicas no trato reprodutivo, as quais são...
Asunto(s)
Masculino , Animales , Perros , Epidídimo/microbiología , Leishmania infantum , Leishmaniasis Visceral/sangre , Leishmaniasis Visceral/veterinaria , Próstata/microbiología , Testículo/microbiología , Pruebas Serológicas/veterinariaRESUMEN
Infectious epididymitis is considered a major cause of economic losses for the sheep industry worldwide. This study aimed to investigate clinical and pathological changes associated with experimental infections with A. seminis and H. somni in rams. Twenty rams of age 18 to 24 months were infected by intraepididymal inoculation of A. seminis (n = 10) and H. somni (n = 10). Rams were weekly examined and biological samples were collected during six weeks. All rams inoculated with A. seminis and 80% inoculated with H. somni became infected. The recovery of bacteria was possible in semen and urine samples and tissues in both experimental groups. Clinically, there were a decrease in testicular consistency and an increase in measures of the left epididymis tails in both experimental groups. The main gross changes were observed in the reproductive tract. Microscopically, the main lesions were inflammatory changes in the genitourinary tract and testicular degeneration. A. seminis and H. somni were able to colonize several organs of the genitourinary tract in rams, being indistinguishable by clinical exam, necropsy or histopathology. For differential diagnosis, it is important to use diagnostic techniques for direct confirmation of the etiologic agent.
Asunto(s)
Actinobacillus seminis/patogenicidad , Epididimitis/veterinaria , Pasteurellaceae/patogenicidad , Animales , Epidídimo/microbiología , Epidídimo/patología , Epididimitis/microbiología , Epididimitis/patología , Masculino , Semen/microbiología , Ovinos , Testículo/microbiología , Testículo/patología , Orina/microbiologíaRESUMEN
We present a 44-year-old man from a rural community in northern Ecuador who worked on a cattle farm where he was involved with primary veterinary care, including assistance during births (or calving) and placenta retention and artificial insemination, with minimal precautions. In September of 2009, quite abruptly, he developed asthenia and hypersomnia without any apparent cause or symptoms like fever, chills, or night sweats. On November 14, 2009, he suffered from pain and edema in the right testicle that coincided with pain in the abdomen. Clinical, serological, and bacteriological investigations confirmed the first case of unilateral orchitis in man in Ecuador caused by Brucella abortus biovar 1. Because brucellosis is a neglected disease, special attention should be given to it in the training of medical and veterinary students.
Asunto(s)
Brucella abortus/aislamiento & purificación , Brucella abortus/patogenicidad , Orquitis/microbiología , Abdomen/microbiología , Abdomen/fisiopatología , Adulto , Animales , Astenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Astenia/fisiopatología , Bovinos , Trastornos de Somnolencia Excesiva/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos de Somnolencia Excesiva/fisiopatología , Doxiciclina/uso terapéutico , Ecuador , Gentamicinas/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Orquitis/tratamiento farmacológico , Orquitis/fisiopatología , Testículo/microbiología , Testículo/fisiopatología , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sporotrichosis caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii can presents in a variety of clinical forms. Routine diagnosis is made by mycology and serology studies. Few investigations have been focused on the evaluation of the molecular diagnosis. AIM: To determine the value of the nested PCR technique for the diagnosis of experimental sporotrichosis in organs of mice, and to compare the results with the established laboratory diagnostic procedures. METHODS: BALB/c mice were inoculated with growing concentrations of the 2 morphological phases of the fungus. The infected animals were sacrificed one month later and specimens from liver, spleen, lung and testicle were obtained to perform wet mount, culture and molecular diagnosis by the nested PCR technique. Blood samples were obtained for determination of specific antibodies against S. schenckii by the double immunodiffusion procedure. RESULTS: The pathogenicity observed with the different concentrations of the fungus inoculated and its isolation by culture, showed scarce differences in the study of specimens from organs infected with the 2 morphological phases of S. schenckii. Specimens from organs of mice inoculated with the mycelial phase when studied by wet mount and culture, showed a higher positivity (100 and 37.5%) than those from mice inoculated with the yeast phase (73 and 2%). However, diagnosis by the nested PCR molecular technique applied to the latter specimens showed a higher percentage of positivity (75%) and 43% of positive results coming from animals infected with the mycelial phase. Specific antibody detection was positive in 100% all groups of infected mice. CONCLUSIONS: In the study of experimental sporotrichosis in mice, the culture, as well as the antibody detection, was an effective diagnostic procedure, while the nested PCR and microscopic studies had a lower diagnostic value.
Asunto(s)
ADN de Hongos/análisis , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Sporothrix/aislamiento & purificación , Esporotricosis/diagnóstico , Animales , Anticuerpos Antifúngicos/sangre , Biopsia , Hígado/microbiología , Pulmón/microbiología , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Micelio/patogenicidad , Micología/métodos , Bazo/microbiología , Sporothrix/genética , Sporothrix/crecimiento & desarrollo , Sporothrix/inmunología , Sporothrix/patogenicidad , Testículo/microbiología , VirulenciaRESUMEN
Testicular and renal tissue, obtained from adult cattle, pigs, rats, and human was processed by image digital segmentation and pixel texture analytical techniques for comparative evaluation of nuclear chromatin pattern of testicular primary spermatocytes and renal glomerular endothelial cells. The post mortem performed for the animals and the human subject were for reasons not related with either testicular or renal conditions. The objective was to establish a benchmark for identification of rapidly multiplying cells in images of sections of normal, as well as abnormal mammalian tissue. Based on the observed morphological and texture pattern of the nuclear chromatin of the testicular primary spermatocytes, it was determined that the renal glomerular endothelial cells exhibit similar nuclear chromatin morphology consistent with an ongoing rapid multiplication process. The nuclear chromatin of both cell types manifest identical mitotic figures which are strongly indicative of cellular proliferation.
Asunto(s)
Cromatina/diagnóstico por imagen , Riñón/microbiología , Intensificación de Imagen Radiográfica/métodos , Testículo/microbiología , Animales , Bovinos , Humanos , Riñón/patología , Masculino , Ratas , Porcinos , Testículo/patologíaRESUMEN
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the etiological agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, the most important systemic mycosis in Latin America. The virulence profiles of five isolates of P. brasiliensis were studied in two different moments and correlated with some colonial phenotypic aspects. We observed a significant decrease in the virulence and an intense phenotypic variation in the mycelial colony. The recognition of all ranges of phenotypic and virulence variation of P. brasiliensis, as well as its physiological and genetic basis, will be important for a better comprehension of its pathogenic and epidemiological features.
Asunto(s)
Paracoccidioides/patogenicidad , Paracoccidioidomicosis/microbiología , Fenotipo , Animales , Armadillos/microbiología , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Cricetinae , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Humanos , Masculino , Paracoccidioides/genética , Paracoccidioides/aislamiento & purificación , Testículo/microbiología , Factores de Tiempo , Virulencia/genéticaRESUMEN
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the etiological agent of paracoccidioidomycosis, the most important systemic mycosis in Latin America. The virulence profiles of five isolates of P. brasiliensis were studied in two different moments and correlated with some colonial phenotypic aspects. We observed a significant decrease in the virulence and an intense phenotypic variation in the mycelial colony. The recognition of all ranges of phenotypic and virulence variation of P. brasiliensis, as well as its physiological and genetic basis, will be important for a better comprehension of its pathogenic and epidemiological features.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Animales , Masculino , Fenotipo , Paracoccidioides/patogenicidad , Paracoccidioidomicosis/microbiología , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Paracoccidioides/genética , Paracoccidioides/aislamiento & purificación , Factores de Tiempo , Armadillos/microbiología , Testículo/microbiología , Virulencia/genéticaRESUMEN
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the etiologic agent of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), the most important systemic mycosis in Latin America. The armadillo, Dasypus novemcinctus, has been confirmed as the primary natural reservoir of this fungus. Its geographic distribution is similar to that of human PCM. In this study, virulence profiles of 10 P. brasiliensis isolates from different armadillos and of two clinical isolates were tested in an experimental hamster model. Pathogenicity was evaluated by counting cfu and performing histopathological analysis in the testis, liver, spleen and lung. Circulating specific antibodies were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All isolates from armadillos were virulent in the model, with dissemination to many organs. The clinical isolates, which had long been stored in cultured collections, were less virulent. The isolates were classified into four virulence categories according to number of cfu per gram of tissue: very high, high, intermediate and low. This study confirms that armadillos harbor pathogenic genotypes of P. brasiliensis, probably the same ones that infect humans.
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Armadillos/microbiología , Paracoccidioides/patogenicidad , Paracoccidioidomicosis/microbiología , Animales , Recuento de Colonia Microbiana , Cricetinae , Humanos , Hígado/microbiología , Hígado/patología , Pulmón/microbiología , Pulmón/patología , Ganglios Linfáticos/microbiología , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Masculino , Mesocricetus , Paracoccidioides/aislamiento & purificación , Paracoccidioidomicosis/patología , Paracoccidioidomicosis/veterinaria , Testículo/microbiología , Testículo/patología , VirulenciaRESUMEN
Adhesion is regarded as an important step in the pathogenesis of several microorganisms. Thus, the ability to recognize extracellular matrix proteins, such as laminin or fibronectin, has been correlated with invasiveness. Studying the already characterized laminin-binding protein of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, the 43 kDa glycoprotein (gp43), we evaluated whether MAb 1.H12, raised against the laminin-binding protein from Staphylococcus aureus, cross-reacts with that fungal protein. By immunoblot analysis we show that MAb 1.H12 recognizes gp43. This interaction is able to inhibit the laminin-mediated adhesion to epithelial cells as well as the P. brasiliensis infection in vivo. Moreover, through immunoenzymatic assays, we show that MAb 1.H12 recognizes gp43 in solid phase and that this interaction is partially inhibited by the addition of anti-gp43 MAbs. These results show that MAb 1.H12 recognizes the gp43, suggesting the presence of an epitope similar to those found in the other laminin-binding proteins from phylogenetically very distant cells. These findings reinforce the possibility of evolutionary conservation of such epitopes.
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Anticuerpos Monoclonales , Laminina/metabolismo , Paracoccidioides/fisiología , Receptores de Laminina/fisiología , Staphylococcus aureus/inmunología , Animales , Sitios de Unión , Adhesión Celular , Línea Celular , Cricetinae , Perros , Epitelio/microbiología , Epitelio/ultraestructura , Epítopos/análisis , Proteínas de la Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Granuloma/microbiología , Granuloma/patología , Humanos , Riñón , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Paracoccidioides/inmunología , Paracoccidioides/ultraestructura , Receptores de Laminina/análisis , Receptores de Laminina/inmunología , Testículo/microbiología , Testículo/patologíaRESUMEN
The study evaluated the activity of NK cells during the course of experimental infection of hamsters with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Eighty hamsters were infected with P. brasiliensis by intratesticular route and sacrificed at 24h, 48h, 96h, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 11 weeks of infection and compared to 40 noninfected hamsters employed as controls. These animals were submitted to the study of NK cytotoxic activity by a single-cell assay and humoral immune response by immunodiffusion and ELISA tests. The production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the presence of Phytohemagglutinin and P. brasiliensis antigen and histopathology of the lesions were evaluated at 1, 4, 8 and 11 weeks of infection. The infected animals displayed significantly high levels of NK activity during the four weeks of infection that decreased from the 8th week on when compared to controls. This impairment of NK activity was associated with depression of cell-mediated immune response and with increase in the extension of the histopathologic lesions. There was an inverse correlation between NK cell activity and specific antibody levels. The results suggest that after initial activation, NK cells were unable to control the fungus dissemination. The impairment of NK activity in the late stages of the infection might be related to immunoregulatory disturbances associated with paracoccidioidomycosis.
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Células Asesinas Naturales/inmunología , Paracoccidioidomicosis/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Antifúngicos/análisis , Cricetinae , Inmunidad Celular , Hígado/microbiología , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Mesocricetus , Paracoccidioides/inmunología , Paracoccidioidomicosis/patología , Testículo/microbiología , Testículo/patologíaAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/patología , Paracoccidioidomicosis/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Epidídimo/microbiología , Epidídimo/patología , Enfermedades de los Genitales Masculinos/microbiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Paracoccidioidomicosis/microbiología , Testículo/microbiología , Testículo/patologíaRESUMEN
Following inoculation either locally or intravenously with Mycobact. leprae of human origin, the histopathology and bacteriology of the testis in experimental mice is described. Normal mice, and mice rendered immunologically deficient by thymectomy and whole-body irradiation, were studied. Attention is drawn to a heavy bacillation of the testis in mice from both groups. Bacilli were found in and beneath the tunica albuginea, but mainly in interstitial cells and in macrophages surrounding the tubules. The percentage of solidly staining bacilli was high, and globi were frequent. The study showed that the testis in mice is particularly favourable for the lodgement and multiplication of Mycobact. laprae following either local or intravenous inoculation. The significance of this in relation to the metabolism of the leprosy bacillus and to the frequent occurrence of testicular damage in the lepromatous male patient is discussed. This work was supported by grants to A. G. M. Weddell and A. C. McDougall from the Medical Research Council and the British Leprosy Relief Association (LEPRA).
Asunto(s)
Masculino , Animales , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos CBA , Ratones Desnudos , Lepra/microbiología , Lepra/patología , Inmunidad/efectos de la radiación , Terapia de Inmunosupresión , Mycobacterium leprae/aislamiento & purificación , Testículo/microbiología , Testículo/patología , TimectomíaRESUMEN
Rabies virus was isolated from the brain, salivary and interscapular (brown fat) glands, heart, lungs and testis of naturally infected vampire bat Desmodus rotundus found paralyzed in the day at Barueri, São Paulo State. The rabies virus isolations were made by intracerebral inoculation in 4-5 days and 30 days old mice. The virus strain was identified as rabies virus by the Sellers and Faraco (Mann) techniques, the fluorescent antibody test and intracerebral inoculation of mice. The isolation of virus from lungs and testis was made only in suckling mice. Only one of eight and two of eight mice inoculated died with rabies.
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Reservorios de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Virus de la Rabia/aislamiento & purificación , Rabia/microbiología , Ratas/microbiología , Animales , Encéfalo/microbiología , Brasil , Corazón/microbiología , Pulmón/microbiología , Masculino , Rabia/veterinaria , Glándulas Salivales/microbiología , Testículo/microbiologíaAsunto(s)
Perisodáctilos , Infecciones por Protozoos/patología , Animales , Apicomplexa/aislamiento & purificación , Epidídimo/microbiología , Femenino , Masculino , Glándulas Mamarias Animales/microbiología , Glándulas Mamarias Animales/patología , México , Infecciones por Protozoos/microbiología , Piel/microbiología , Piel/patología , Testículo/microbiologíaAsunto(s)
Cricetinae , Hongos/aislamiento & purificación , Ratones , Animales , Inyecciones Intraperitoneales , Inyecciones Intravenosas , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos , Paracoccidioides/crecimiento & desarrollo , Paracoccidioides/aislamiento & purificación , Microbiología del Suelo , Testículo/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Neonatal thymectomy and neonatal thymectomy plus ATS resulted in a merked increase in susceptibility of both Buffalo and Lewis rats to infection with M. leprae. In Buffalo rats, increase in susceptibility was limited to footpad infection. In Lewis rats, this was extended to include testis infection where the organisms in thymectomized-ATS-treated rats were found to be still in the logarithmic phase of growth 15 months after inoculation.