RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study compared a dual-wavelength diode laser and an Er, Cr:YSGG laser in oral soft tissue incisions to determine the most effective and safest laser system at the histopathological level. METHODOLOGY: The (810 and 980 nm) dual-wavelength diode laser was used at 1.5 W and 2.5 W (CW) power settings, and the (2780 nm) Er, Cr:YSGG laser was used at 2.5 W and 3.5 W (PW) power settings. Both laser systems were used to incise the tissues of freshly dissected sheep tongue pieces to obtain the following histopathological criteria: epithelial tissue changes, connective tissue changes, and lateral thermal damage extent by optical microscopy. RESULTS: The epithelial and connective tissue damage scores were significantly higher in the dual-wavelength diode laser groups than in the Er, Cr:YSGG laser groups (P<0.001), and there was a significant difference between some groups. The extent of lateral thermal damage was also significantly higher in the diode laser groups than in the Er, Cr: YSGG laser groups (P<0.001), and there was a significant difference between groups. Group 2 (2.5 W) of the diode laser was the highest for all three criteria, while group 3 (2.5 W) of the Er, Cr:YSGG laser was the lowest. CONCLUSION: The Er, Cr:YSGG laser with an output power of 2.5 W is, histologically, the most effective and safest laser for oral soft tissue incision. The dual-wavelength diode laser causes more damage than the Er, Cr:YSGG laser, but it can be used with a low output power and 1 mm safety distance in excisional biopsy.
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Láseres de Semiconductores , Láseres de Estado Sólido , Márgenes de Escisión , Lengua , Animales , Láseres de Semiconductores/uso terapéutico , Láseres de Estado Sólido/uso terapéutico , Lengua/cirugía , Lengua/patología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Ovinos , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Epitelio/patología , Valores de Referencia , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Orales/métodos , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Mucosa Bucal/cirugía , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Terapia por Láser/métodos , Terapia por Láser/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia, commonly known as Eosinophilic Ulcer, is a reactive solitary and self-limiting benign lesion. It manifests as a punched-out ulcer with a distinct surrounding indurated border, often raising concerns about malignancy. METHODS: A 44-year-old male presented with a painless, indurated tongue ulcer evolving over three months. Despite being asymptomatic, the patient underwent an incisional biopsy due to suspicions of oral squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS: Histological analysis revealed a disrupted epithelial lining, dense necrotic connective tissue, and a fibrino-purulent pseudomembrane. Proximal to the ulcer, a collar-like projection of reactive epithelial tissue hyperplasia was noted, accompanied by mononuclear cells and a predominantly histiocytic infiltrate in the submucosal layer surrounding skeletal muscle fibers. The final diagnosis was Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia. Remarkably, the lesion spontaneously healed within 2 weeks post-biopsy, with no recurrence over 6 months. CONCLUSION: This case emphasizes considering this benign condition in the differential diagnosis of oral ulcers, highlighting the importance of accurate histopathological evaluation to rule out cancer.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Eosinofilia , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Neoplasias de la Boca , Úlceras Bucales , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Úlcera/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Granuloma/patología , Eosinofilia/patología , Lengua/patología , Úlceras Bucales/diagnóstico , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/patologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) treats patients with severe and progressive systemic sclerosis (SSc). However, basic mechanisms associated with the therapeutic efficacy of the procedure are not entirely understood. We aimed to evaluate how AHSCT affects skin fibrosis in SSc patients. METHODS: Clinical data, serum, and skin samples from 39 SSc patients who underwent AHSCT were retrospectively evaluated. Skin biopsies were analyzed by immunohistochemistry with anti-MMP-1, -MMP-2, -MMP-3, -MMP-9, -TIMP-1, -α-SMA, -TGF-ß, and -NF-κB p65 antibodies, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and picrosirius red to assess skin thickness and collagen density, respectively. Serum samples were evaluated by Multiplex Assay for COL1A1, COL4A1, FGF-1, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-12, MMP-13, PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, S100A9, and TIMP-1 levels and compared to healthy controls. RESULTS: After AHSCT, SSc patients showed clinical improvement in skin involvement, assessed by modified Rodnan's skin score (mRSS). Histologically, collagen density and skin thickness decreased after AHSCT. Immunohistochemical analyses showed increased expression of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 after AHSCT, whereas expression of NF-κB p65 decreased. At baseline, serum levels of COL4A1 and S100A9 were higher than in healthy controls. Serum levels of S100A9 normalized after AHCST in SSc patients compared to controls. Serum levels of PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB, TIMP-1, and MMP-1 decreased, while COL1A1 increased after AHSCT in SSc patients. No changes were detected in MMP-3, MMP-12, MMP-13, and FGF-1 serum levels after AHSCT. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the therapeutic effects of AHSCT on skin fibrosis are related to changes in molecules associated with connective tissue maintenance and inflammation in SSc.
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Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Esclerodermia Sistémica , Becaplermina , Tejido Conectivo/metabolismo , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Factor 1 de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos , Fibrosis , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/métodos , Humanos , Metaloproteinasa 1 de la Matriz , Metaloproteinasa 12 de la Matriz , Metaloproteinasa 13 de la Matriz , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz , Metaloproteinasa 3 de la Matriz , Metaloproteinasa 9 de la Matriz/metabolismo , FN-kappa B , Estudios Retrospectivos , Esclerodermia Sistémica/cirugía , Inhibidor Tisular de Metaloproteinasa-1RESUMEN
SUMMARY: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory lesion of bacterial etiology characterized by inflammation of the mucosa and bone loss. Chronic inflammation is characterized by neovascularization and collagen neoformation. Mast cells have been shown to participate in the inflammatory process by releasing mediators and proteases such as chymase and tryptase, important in the collagen neoformation process. Although a higher percentage of collagen has been described in periodontal disease, the literature is scarce about the percentage of collagen in peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to quantify the percentage of collagen fibers present in the peri- implant soft tissue of patients with peri-implantitis lesions. A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was performed. Samples of peri-implant soft tissue were collected from eleven patients with peri-implantitis and then processed by Masson's Trichrome Technique. In microscopic analysis, collagen fibers were observed in all samples, with an average percentage of 39.89 %, standard deviation of 17.02 %, with a minimum value of 8.99 % and a maximum value of 75.65 % density. From these results, it can be concluded that in human peri-implantitis lesions with bone loss greater than 50 %, there is an important percentage of collagen fibers, which is interpreted as connective tissue in a permanent process of reparative response, in the presence of inflammatory infiltrate.
RESUMEN: La periimplantitis es una lesión inflamatoria de etiología bacteriana caracterizada por inflamación de la mucosa y pérdida ósea. La inflamación crónica se caracteriza por neovascularización y neoformación de colágeno. Se ha demostrado que los mastocitos participan en el proceso inflamatorio liberando mediadores y proteasas como quimasa y triptasa, importantes en el proceso de neoformación del colágeno. Aunque se ha descrito un mayor porcentaje de colágeno en la enfermedad periodontal, la literatura sobre el porcentaje de colágeno en la periimplantitis es escasa. El objetivo de este estudio fue cuantificar el porcentaje de fibras de colágeno presentes en el tejido blando periimplantario de pacientes con lesiones de periimplantitis. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal. Se recogieron muestras de tejido blando periimplantario de once pacientes con periimplantitis y luego se procesaron mediante la técnica tricrómica de Masson. En el análisis microscópico, se observaron fibras de colágeno en todas las muestras, con un porcentaje promedio de 39,89 %, desviación estándar de 17,02%, con un valor mínimo de 8,99 % y un valor máximo de 75,65% de densidad. De estos resultados se puede concluir que en las lesiones de periimplantitis humana con pérdida ósea superior al 50 %, existe un porcentaje importante de fibras de colágeno, que se interpreta como tejido conectivo en un proceso permanente de respuesta reparadora, en presencia de infiltrado inflamatorio.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Colágeno/análisis , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Periimplantitis/patología , Inmunohistoquímica , Estudios Transversales , InflamaciónRESUMEN
Degranulation, a fundamental effector response from mast cells (MCs) and platelets, is an example of regulated exocytosis. This process is mediated by SNARE proteins and their regulators. We have previously shown that several of these proteins are essential for exocytosis in MCs and platelets. Here, we assessed the role of the SNARE protein SNAP23 using conditional knockout mice, in which SNAP23 was selectively deleted from either the megakaryocyte/platelet or connective tissue MC lineages. We found that removal of SNAP23 in platelets results in severe defects in degranulation of all three platelet secretory granule types, i.e., alpha, dense, and lysosomal granules. The mutation also induces thrombocytopenia, abnormal platelet morphology and activation, and reduction in the number of alpha granules. Therefore, the degranulation defect might not be secondary to an intrinsic failure of the machinery mediating regulated exocytosis in platelets. When we removed SNAP23 expression in MCs, there was a complete developmental failure in vitro and in vivo. The developmental defects in platelets and MCs and the abnormal translocation of membrane proteins to the surface of platelets indicate that SNAP23 is also involved in constitutive exocytosis in these cells. The MC conditional deletant animals lacked connective tissue MCs, but their mucosal MCs were normal and expanded in response to an antigenic stimulus. We used this mouse to show that connective tissue MCs are required and mucosal MCs are not sufficient for an anaphylactic response.
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Anafilaxia/inmunología , Plaquetas/inmunología , Tejido Conectivo/inmunología , Mastocitos/inmunología , Proteínas Qb-SNARE/inmunología , Proteínas Qc-SNARE/inmunología , Anafilaxia/genética , Anafilaxia/patología , Animales , Plaquetas/patología , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Exocitosis/genética , Exocitosis/inmunología , Mastocitos/patología , Ratones , Ratones Noqueados , Proteínas Qb-SNARE/genética , Proteínas Qc-SNARE/genética , Vesículas Secretoras/genética , Vesículas Secretoras/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Signal sequence receptor protein 4 (SSR4) is a subunit of the translocon-associated protein complex, which participates in the translocation of proteins across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, enhancing the efficiency of N-linked glycosylation. Pathogenic variants in SSR4 cause a congenital disorder of glycosylation: SSR4-congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). We describe three SSR4-CDG boys and review the previously reported. All subjects presented with hypotonia, failure to thrive, developmental delay, and dysmorphic traits and showed a type 1 serum sialotransferrin profile, facilitating the diagnosis. Genetic confirmation of this X-linked CDG revealed one de novo hemizygous deletion, one maternally inherited deletion, and one de novo nonsense mutation of SSR4. The present subjects highlight the similarities with a connective tissue disorder (redundant skin, joint laxity, blue sclerae, and vascular tortuosity). The connective tissue problems are relevant, and require preventive rehabilitation measures. As an X-linked disorder, genetic counseling is essential.
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Proteínas de Unión al Calcio , Trastornos Congénitos de Glicosilación , Glicoproteínas de Membrana , Receptores Citoplasmáticos y Nucleares , Receptores de Péptidos , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/genética , Trastornos Congénitos de Glicosilación/diagnóstico , Trastornos Congénitos de Glicosilación/genética , Trastornos Congénitos de Glicosilación/patología , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Glicosilación , Humanos , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Fenotipo , Receptores Citoplasmáticos y Nucleares/genética , Receptores de Péptidos/genéticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Traumatic injuries are common and may promote disruption of neuromuscular communication, triggering phenomena that lead to nerve degeneration and affect muscle function. A laser accelerates tissue recovery; however, the parameters used are varied, making it difficult to compare studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy, at 660- and 830-nm wavelengths, on the tibialis anterior muscle of Wistar rats after sciatic nerve compression. METHODS: Twenty animals were separated into 4 groups: control, sciatic nerve injury, lesionâ¯+â¯660-nm laser, and lesionâ¯+â¯830-nm laser. In the lesion groups, the right sciatic nerve was surgically exposed and compressed with hemostatic forceps for 30 seconds. After the third postoperative day, the groups with laser therapy were submitted to treatment for 2 weeks totaling 10 applications, performed directly on the surgical scar of the nerve injury. Grip strength was analyzed before and after the nerve injury and during the treatment period. The tibialis anterior muscle was processed for light microscopy, area measurement, smaller diameter, number of fibers, nuclei, and connective tissue. RESULTS: The animals submitted to the injury experienced muscular atrophy and morphological changes in the number of muscle fibers and nuclei. In the connective tissue morphometry, there was a decrease in the treated groups compared with the untreated groups. CONCLUSION: The laser treatment at different wavelengths showed no improvement in the tibialis anterior muscle of Wistar rats within the morphological and functional aspects evaluated.
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Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/métodos , Músculo Esquelético/efectos de la radiación , Traumatismos de los Nervios Periféricos/radioterapia , Neuropatía Ciática/radioterapia , Animales , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Nervio Ciático/efectos de la radiación , Neuropatía Ciática/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
Biological staining of tissue is a crucial procedure in histotechnology. Rudimentary methods for section preparation have often used stains from natural products, although use of synthetic dyes has become the contemporary standard. Artificial dyes increase the operating costs of a laboratory as well as increase the environmental and personnel risks during manufacturing and usage. These considerations have stimulated research to find alternative natural stains from the wide diversity of plant species. The present study investigated the effect of Eucalyptus sp. (Myrtaceae) wood waste extract on histological staining of animal tissues, using a series of pigment concentrations, pH conditions, and temperatures. Eucalyptus wooden slivers were dried, milled, and 1 g, 2 g, and 4 g of the fine powder was subjected to 50% ethanol extraction for 2 days. Staining tests were then performed on formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) sections. Increasing acetic acid concentrations (1%, 2% and 4%) were added to the extracts and compared to an acid-free extract. Staining was performed at both ambient room temperature (RT) and 60°C. Connective tissue acidophilic components were well-contrasted and a hematoxylin counterstain demonstrated distinct structural differences between matrix and cell nuclei. Therefore, the present findings demonstrate the potential utility of the eucalyptus wood extracts application as a natural stain alternative for routine histology.
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Tejido Conectivo/patología , Técnicas Histológicas , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Coloración y Etiquetado , Madera , Animales , Colorantes/análisis , Etanol/análisis , Eucalyptus/química , Hematoxilina/análisis , Madera/químicaRESUMEN
Patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) present significant alterations in their saliva proteome. We have used the shotgun Phage Display (PD) technology to identify candidate proteins that were upregulated in saliva of OSCC by selecting ligands to salivary proteins from a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) PD combinatorial library. After two selection cycles, the highly reactive clone scFv-D09 was able to distinguish saliva of OSCC patients from healthy subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with sensitivity and specificity of 96.67%. Additionally, the scFv-D09 clone presented a positive immunostaining for invasive malignant epithelial cells in the connective tissue, keratin pearls in the OSCC, and ducts of salivary glands. We have further identified the target protein as the tropomyosin alpha-4 chain (TPM4) by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, and its binding to the scFV-D09 was demonstrated by bioinformatics. Briefly, we have identified TPM4 as upregulated salivary protein in patients with OSCC, which plays a central role in stabilizing cytoskeleton actin filaments, probably linked with tumor tissue remodeling. Long-term longitudinal studies are needed to validate TPM4 as a potential marker of a malignant process.
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Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Neoplasias de la Boca/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Biblioteca de Péptidos , Anticuerpos de Cadena Única/química , Tropomiosina/genética , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Biología Computacional/métodos , Tejido Conectivo/metabolismo , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Células Epiteliales/metabolismo , Células Epiteliales/patología , Femenino , Expresión Génica , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos Moleculares , Neoplasias de la Boca/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Boca/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Estructura Secundaria de Proteína , Saliva/química , Glándulas Salivales/metabolismo , Glándulas Salivales/patología , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Tropomiosina/metabolismo , Regulación hacia ArribaRESUMEN
RESUMEN: Este estudio se realizó para evaluar la presentación de cambios histopatológicos tempranos en sacos pericoronarios de terceros molares incluidos sanos. Sesenta y un tejidos pericoronarios de terceros molares incluidos, clínicamente asintomáticos y sin evidencia radiográfica de anomalía del saco pericoronario, se extrajeron por diferentes razones. Las muestras se fijaron y procesaron de forma rutinaria y se tiñeron con hematoxilina-eosina antes de la evaluación. Se estandarizaron los diagnósticos concluyendo que toda muestra que presente metaplasia escamosa del epitelio reducido del órgano del esmalte (EEE) se considerará cambio quístico temprano. De las muestras presentadas, el 28 % mostró metaplasia escamosa sugerente de cambio quístico temprano. Esta variación histológica del tejido pericoronario fue significativamente mayor en los pacientes menores de 20 años de edad, sexo femenino, terceros molares mandibulares, en inclusión ósea y en pacientes que no informaron sintomatología local previa (P = 0,05). Estos hallazgos sugieren que la ausencia de semiología clínica y radiográfica en terceros molares incluidos no necesariamente indica ausencia de alteraciones en el tejido pericoronario de los mismos.
ABSTRACT: This study was performed to evaluate the presentation of early histopathological changes in pericoronal healthy third molars. Sixty-one pericororonitis tissues third molars, without radiographic evidence of abnormality in pericoronary sack, extracted for various reasons. The samples were fixed and processed routinely and stained with hematoxylin-eosin before evaluation. Diagnostic standardized concluding that all this shows that squamous metaplasia of the reduced enamel organ (EEE) is considered cystic epithelium were early change. Of the samples submitted, 28 % showed squamous metaplasia early suggestive of cystic change. This histological tissue pericoronary variation was significantly higher in patients under 20 years of age, female gender, mandibular third molars, including in bone and in patients who reported no previous local symptoms (P = 0.05). These findings suggest that the absence of clinical and radiographic semiology third molars does not necessarily indicate the absence of alterations in tissue pericoronary thereof.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Erupción Dental , Diente no Erupcionado , Enfermedades de las Encías/patología , Hamartoma/patología , Biopsia , Chile , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Diagnóstico , Células Epiteliales/patología , Consentimiento InformadoRESUMEN
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a promising biomedical material. However, the haemocompatibility (haemolysis and thrombogenicity) and acute and sub-chronic immune responses to three-dimensional (3D) BNC biomaterials have not been evaluated. Accordingly, this manuscript focused on the effect of 3D microporosity on BNC haemocompatibility and a comparison with 2D BNC architecture, followed by the evaluation of the immune response to 3D BNC. Blood ex vivo studies indicated that compared with other 2D and 3D BNC architectures, never-dried 2D BNC presented antihemolytic and antithrombogenic effects. Nevertheless, in vivo studies indicated that 3D BNC did not interfere with wound haemostasis and elicited a mild acute inflammatory response, not a foreign body or chronic inflammatory response. Moreover, compared with the polyethylene controls, the implant design with micropores ca. 60 µm in diameter showed a high level of collagen, neovascularization and low fibrosis. Cell/tissue infiltration increased to 91% after 12 weeks and was characterized by fibroblastic, capillary and extracellular matrix infiltration. Accordingly, 3D BNC biomaterials can be considered a potential implantable biomaterial for soft tissue augmentation or replacement.
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Materiales Biocompatibles/química , Celulosa/química , Tejido Conectivo/cirugía , Ensayo de Materiales/métodos , Nanoestructuras/química , Prótesis e Implantes , Acetobacteraceae/química , Animales , Celulosa/ultraestructura , Tejido Conectivo/irrigación sanguínea , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Hemólisis , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Nanoestructuras/ultraestructura , Tiempo de Coagulación de la Sangre TotalRESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN: La esclerosis sistémica es una patología crónica del tejido conectivo; de etiología desconocida y caracterizada por presentar vasculopatía, autoinmunidad y fibrosis. Genera importantes repercusiones socio sanitarias y hasta la actualidad no tiene cura. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar las características clínicas de esa enfermedad en la población local. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo retrospectivo. El universo incluyó a 58 pacientes diagnosticados de esclerosis sistémica en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga durante el período comprendido entre Enero 2008 Julio 2015. La información fue recopilada de las historias clínicas digitales y se realizó estadística descriptiva utilizando el programa SPSS versión 20.0. RESULTADOS: La esclerosis sistémica fue más común en el sexo femenino (relación hombre mujer: 1/8.6), el subtipo limitado fue la forma de presentación principal. Las manifestaciones clínicas más frecuentes fueron las cutáneas (93.1%), seguidas de las osteomusculares (84.5%) y el fenómeno de Raynaud (81%). Los anticuerpos antinucleares fueron positivos en más del 70% de los pacientes. CONCLUSIÓN: La esclerosis sistémica es una enfermedad crónica con afección multiorgánica. El conocimiento de las distintas manifestaciones clínicas de esta patología en la población local, facilitará el diagnóstico oportuno y la instauración de un tratamiento apropiado, con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de vida del paciente y prevenir complicaciones.(au)
BACKGROUND: Systemic sclerosis is a chronic connective tissue disease; of unknown etiology and characterized by vasculopathy, autoimmunity and fibrosis. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical features of this pathology in local population. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study was performed. The universe included 58 patients with systemic sclerosis at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital and Hospital of Specialties José Carrasco Arteaga during January 2008 - July 2015. The information was compiled from medical records; descriptive statistics were performed using the statistical program SPSS version 20.0. RESULTS: Systemic sclerosis was more common in the females (male - female ratio: 1/8.6), the limited subtype was the main presentation form. The most frequent clinical features were skin disorders (93.1%), followed by osteomuscular manifestations (84.5%) and Raynaud's syndrome (81%). Antinuclear antibodies were positive in more than 70% of patients. CONCLUSION: Systemic sclerosis is a chronic entity with multisystem involvement. The knowledge of the different clinical manifestations will facilitate the opportune diagnosis and the establishment of an appropriate treatment; with the purpose of improve the quality of life and preventing complications.(au)
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Esclerodermia Sistémica/inmunología , Síndrome CREST/epidemiología , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Enfermedad de Raynaud , TelangiectasiaRESUMEN
The Bioarchaeology of Care approach developed by Tilley is usually applied to skeletalized human remains, given the usual constraints of preservation bias that are seen with archaeological assemblages. However, other tissues, such as hair are sometimes preserved and can provide a wealth of information that can supplement the skeletal data. Archaeological hair has been analysed for drug compounds for almost thirty years. This article integrates data from hair analyses for coca metabolites, stable light isotope analysis and aDNA to expand the potential of the Bioarchaeology of Care approach using the example of a spontaneously mummified adult female from northern Chile.
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Arqueología , Enfermedad de Chagas/historia , Coca/química , Cabello/química , Momias/historia , Adulto , Restos Mortales/química , Restos Mortales/patología , Isótopos de Carbono/análisis , Enfermedad de Chagas/patología , Chile , Tejido Conectivo/química , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Dieta/historia , Personas con Discapacidad , Femenino , Servicios de Salud/historia , Historia Antigua , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Momias/patología , Músculos/química , Músculos/patología , Isótopos de Nitrógeno/análisisRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to induce the remodeling of subcutaneous fibrosis in mice by the manual mobilization of skin and subcutaneous tissue. METHODS: Seven days after the induction of subcutaneous fibrosis, mice were divided into 3 groups: control, stretch, and manual mobilization. Stretch was achieved by elongating the trunk, and manual mobilization was achieved by using the indicator fingertip of both hands, side by side, touching the back and performing a brief stretch. Stretch or manual mobilization was performed once a day for 7 days. RESULTS: Fibrosis was present in the subcutaneous tissue of control animals, whereas brief stretch and manual mobilization were found to reduce fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanical stimulation through manual mobilization, or brief stretching, reduced subcutaneous fibrosis after tissue injury.
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Tejido Conectivo/patología , Fibrosis/terapia , Manipulaciones Musculoesqueléticas/métodos , Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Ratones , Fuerza Muscular/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Animal models commonly serve as a bridge between in vitro experiments and clinical applications; however, few physiological processes in adult animals are sufficient to serve as proof-of-concept models for cartilage regeneration. Intriguingly, some rodents, such as young adult mice, undergo physiological connective tissue modifications to birth canal elements such as the pubic symphysis during pregnancy; therefore, we investigated whether the differential expression of cartilage differentiation markers is associated with cartilaginous tissue morphological modifications during these changes. Our results showed that osteochondral progenitor cells expressing Runx2, Sox9, Col2a1 and Dcx at the non-pregnant pubic symphysis proliferated and differentiated throughout pregnancy, giving rise to a complex osteoligamentous junction that attached the interpubic ligament to the pubic bones until labour occurred. After delivery, the recovery of pubic symphysis cartilaginous tissues was improved by the time-dependent expression of these chondrocytic lineage markers at the osteoligamentous junction. This process potentially recapitulates embryologic chondrocytic differentiation to successfully recover hyaline cartilaginous pads at 10 days postpartum. Therefore, we propose that this physiological phenomenon represents a proof-of-concept model for investigating the mechanisms involved in cartilage restoration in adult animals.
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Preñez/fisiología , Sínfisis Pubiana/anatomía & histología , Sínfisis Pubiana/patología , Animales , Antígenos de Diferenciación , Cartílago/patología , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Proteína Doblecortina , Femenino , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica/fisiología , Ligamentos/patología , Ratones , Modelos Animales , Pelvis , Periodo Posparto/metabolismo , EmbarazoRESUMEN
It is well established that laser phototherapy (LP) is contraindicated directly over cancer cells, due to its bio modulatory effects in cell and blood vessel proliferation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of typical low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and high intensity laser therapy (HILT) and an in-between dose of 9 J on collagen fibers and blood vessels content in melanoma tumors (B16F10) implanted in mice. Melanoma tumor cells were injected in male Balb C mice which were distributed in four groups: control (no irradiated) or irradiated by 3, 9, or 21 J (150; 450, or 1050 J/cm2). LP was performed in daily sessions for 3 days with a InGaAlP-660 nm (mean output: 50 mW, spot size: 2 mm2). Tumor volume was analyzed using (1) picrosirius staining to quantify collagen fibers content and (2) Verhoeff's method to quantify blood vessels content. Tumor growth outcome measured in the 3-J group was not significantly different from controls. Nine and 21-J groups, presented significant and dose-dependent increases in tumor volume. Quantitative analysis of the intensity of collagen fibers and their organization in stroma and peri-tumoral microenvironment showed significant differences between irradiated and control group. Blood vessels count of 21-J group outnumbered the other groups. High doses (≥ 9 J) of LP showed a dose-dependent tumor growth, different collagen fibers characteristics, and eventually blood vessel growth, while a typical LLLT dose (3 J) appeared harmless on melanoma cell activity.
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Tejido Conectivo/patología , Tejido Conectivo/efectos de la radiación , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/métodos , Melanoma Experimental/patología , Animales , Proliferación Celular/efectos de la radiación , Colágeno Tipo I/metabolismo , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Colágenos Fibrilares/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Coloración y Etiquetado , Células del Estroma/patología , Células del Estroma/efectos de la radiación , Carga Tumoral/efectos de la radiaciónRESUMEN
Coal mining is one of the economic activities with the greatest impact on environmental quality. At all stages contaminants are released as particulates such as coal dust. The first aim of this study was to obtain an aqueous coal dust extract and characterize its composition in terms of trace elements by ICP-MS. In addition, the developmental toxicity of the aqueous coal extract was evaluated using zebrafish (Danio rerio) after exposure to different concentrations (0-1000 ppm; µg mL-1) to establish acute toxicity, morphology and transcriptome changes. Trace elements within the aqueous coal dust extract present at the highest concentrations (>10 ppb) included Sr, Zn, Ba, As, Cu and Se. In addition, Cd and Pb were found in lower concentrations. No significant difference in mortality was observed (p > 0.05), but a delay in hatching was found at 0.1 and 1000 ppm (p < 0.05). No significant differences in morphological characteristics were observed in any of the treatment groups (p > 0.05). Transcriptomic results of zebrafish larvae revealed alterations in 77, 61 and 1376 genes in the 1, 10, and 100 ppm groups, respectively. Gene ontology analysis identified gene alterations associated with the development and function of connective tissue and the hematological system, as well as pathways associated with apoptosis, the cell cycle, transcription, and oxidative stress including the MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, altered genes were associated with cancer; connective tissue, muscular, and skeletal disorders; and immunological and inflammatory diseases. Overall, this is the first study to characterize gene expression alterations in response to developmental exposure to aqueous coal dust residue from coal mining with transcriptome results signifying functions and systems to target in future studies.
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Carbón Mineral/toxicidad , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Polvo/análisis , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Enfermedades Hematológicas/patología , Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune/patología , Inflamación/patología , Pez Cebra/crecimiento & desarrollo , Animales , Tejido Conectivo/efectos de los fármacos , Tejido Conectivo/metabolismo , Contaminantes Ambientales/toxicidad , Enfermedades Hematológicas/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Hematológicas/genética , Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades del Sistema Inmune/genética , Inflamación/inducido químicamente , Inflamación/genética , Transcriptoma , Pez Cebra/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND/AIM: The aim of this study was to test and validate a new model of extrusive luxation trauma on maxillary first molars of rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty adult male rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar; weight = 230-250 g), 45 days old, were divided into eight groups (n = 5): control groups, in which animals were not subjected to any procedure and waited 1 day (GC1D) or 3 days (GC3D) for euthanasia, and experimental groups, in which animals were subjected to forces of 1100cN, 1300cN, or 1500cN and waited 1 or 3 days for euthanasia (GT1100/1D, GT1100/3D, GT1300/1D, GT1300/3D, GT1500/1D, GT1500/3D). In animals of the experimental groups, trauma was produced by an extrusive force in maxillary first right molars. Four-micrometer serial cuts stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) were made. Descriptive microscopic analysis of first upper right molar and semi-quantitative analysis (scores 1 to 4) of intensity of acute and chronic inflammation and vascular changes in the periodontal ligament and active and inactive external root resorption were conducted. The distribution of scores in the groups was compared using the Freeman-Halton extension of Fisher's exact test. The significance level was 5%. RESULTS: It was observed that vascular disorders (bleeding) on the periodontal ligament became more evident with increasing extrusive force. CONCLUSIONS: This new method was capable of generating histological changes, proving its secure application in this research area. The 1500cN force produced more damage on the periodontal ligament. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The validation of a new experimental method can produce more reliable evidence in further research.
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Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Diente Molar/lesiones , Avulsión de Diente/patología , Animales , Tejido Conectivo/lesiones , Tejido Conectivo/patología , Ligadura , Masculino , Maxilar , Ligamento Periodontal/lesiones , Ligamento Periodontal/patología , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Raíz del Diente/lesiones , Raíz del Diente/patologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the action of vanillin (Vanilla planifolia) on the morphology of tibialis anterior and soleus muscles after peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into four groups, with seven animals each: Control Group, Vanillin Group, Injury Group, and Injury + Vanillin Group. The Injury Group and the Injury + Vanillin Group animals were submitted to nerve injury by compression of the sciatic nerve; the Vanillin Group and Injury + Vanillin Group, were treated daily with oral doses of vanillin (150mg/kg) from the 3rd to the 21st day after induction of nerve injury. At the end of the experiment, the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles were dissected and processed for light microscopy and submitted to morphological analysis. RESULTS: The nerve compression promoted morphological changes, typical of denervation, and the treatment with vanillin was responsible for different responses in the studied muscles. For the tibialis anterior, there was an increase in the number of satellite cells, central nuclei and fiber atrophy, as well as fascicular disorganization. In the soleus, only increased vascularization was observed, with no exacerbation of the morphological alterations in the fibers. CONCLUSION: The treatment with vanillin promoted increase in intramuscular vascularization for the muscles studied, with pro-inflammatory potential for tibialis anterior, but not for soleus muscle. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a ação da vanilina (Vanilla planifolia) sobre a morfologia dos músculos tibial anterior e sóleo após lesão nervosa periférica. MÉTODOS: Ratos Wistar foram divididos em quatro grupos, com sete animais cada, sendo Grupo Controle, Grupo Vanilina, Grupo Lesão e Grupo Lesão + Vanilina. Os animais dos Grupos Lesão e Grupo Lesão + Vanilina foram submetidos à lesão nervosa por meio da compressão do nervo isquiático, e os Grupos Vanilina e Grupo Lesão + Vanilina foram tratados diariamente com doses orais de vanilina (150mg/kg) do 3o ao 21o dia após a indução da lesão nervosa. Ao término do experimento, os músculos tibial anterior e sóleo foram dissecados e seguiram o processamento de rotina em microscopia de luz, para posterior análise morfológica. RESULTADOS: A compressão nervosa promoveu alterações morfológicas características de denervação, sendo que o tratamento com vanilina foi responsável por respostas distintas nos músculos estudados. Para o tibial anterior, houve aumento do número de células satélites, núcleos centrais e atrofia das fibras, bem como desorganização fascicular. Já no sóleo, houve apenas aumento da vascularização, sem exacerbação das alterações morfológicas nas fibras. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento com vanilina promoveu o aumento da vascularização intramuscular para os músculos estudados, com potencial pró-inflamatório para o tibial anterior, o que não ocorreu no músculo sóleo.