RESUMEN
Carbazomycins G (I) and H (II), new congeners of the carbazomycin complex, have been isolated from the culture broth of Streptoverticillium ehimense. They have proved to contain a unique quinol moiety in the molecule. Their structures have been elucidated by mass and NMR spectrometries and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Carbazomycin G showed moderate antifungal activity against Trichophyton species.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Carbazoles/aislamiento & purificación , Carbazoles/farmacología , Fenómenos Químicos , Química , Cristalografía , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos , Hidroquinonas/aislamiento & purificación , Modelos Moleculares , Análisis Espectral , Streptomycetaceae/análisis , Difracción de Rayos XRESUMEN
The presence of teichoic acids in a number of streptomycetes led to the conclusion that these biopolymers were widely spread in genus Streptomyces. The nature of the teichoic acid present in the mycelium was determined by extracting it with 10% trichloroacetic acid, precipitating it with ethanol and identifying the precipitated polymer by partial acid and alkali hydrolysis to alditol, alditol phosphates and glycosylalditol phosphates. Most strains examined in this survey contained glycerol or ribitol teichoic acids; in some cases neither type was detected. Structurally teichoic acids closely resemble those of other genera of gram-positive bacteria and in many cases represent poly(glycerol phosphate) and poly(ribitol phosphate) chains. The proportion of alditol residues bearing sugar substituents varied widely. Three species of genus Streptoverticillium contained glycerol teichoic acids. It is believed that some of the data presented in this paper might be used with some success in taxonomic studies of streptomycetes.
Asunto(s)
Streptomyces/análisis , Streptomycetaceae/análisis , Ácidos Teicoicos/análisis , Fenómenos Químicos , Química , Streptomyces/clasificación , Streptomycetaceae/clasificaciónRESUMEN
Changes in the DNA content were studied in the spores of Streptoverticillium mycoheptinicum. The content of DNA increased in the spores when they were incubated in a liquid nutrient medium at 28 degrees C for 5 hours. Changes in the DNA content during germination of spores corresponded to individual stages: at the stage of activation, the replication of DNA only commenced; at the stage of initiation, the content of DNA doubled in the majority of spores in the population. The rate of DNA synthesis varied among different spores of the actinomycete.
Asunto(s)
ADN Bacteriano/análisis , Streptomycetaceae/análisis , Medios de Cultivo , Cinética , Esporas Bacterianas/análisis , Streptomycetaceae/fisiología , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
A new antibiotic mildiomycin, strongly active against powdery mildew, was isolated from the culture filtrate of Streptoverticillium rimofaciens B-98891. It is a water-soluble basic antibiotic and was purified by ion-exchange and adsorption chromatography. The molecular formula of the purified compound was determined to be C19H30N8O9(H2O) from physical and chemical data. The UV and NMR spectra suggested that this antibiotic is a nucleoside. On acidic hydrolysis it gave 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine which has not previously been found in nucleoside antibiotics.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/análisis , Antifúngicos/aislamiento & purificación , Fenómenos Químicos , Química , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía por Intercambio Iónico , Citosina/análogos & derivados , Hidrólisis , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Streptomycetaceae/análisisRESUMEN
The study of the lipid composition showed that the rate of the changes in the fatty acid composition of neutral lipids and phospholipids in the selected strains was higher than that in the initial strains. The medium composition had the decisive effect on the fractional and fatty acid spectrum of the mycelium lipids. When the antibiotic-producing organisms were grown on the synthetic medium the phospholipids were the predominating fractions (70--90 per cent of the total lipids), while with the use of organic medium they amounted only to 30--40 per cent. The data were evident of complex correlation between the synthesis of fatty acids and polyenic antibiotics, i.e. levorin and mycoheptin.