RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Since the introduction of the national notifiable diseases information system (SINAN) in Pernambuco State, Brazil, in 1994, many problems have been encountered. The aim of this study was to evaluate the SINAN software, quality of data input, the transfer of the computerised data from the municipality to state levels, human resources and other factors associated with the health information system infrastructure (HIS). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in Pernambuco state, North-eastern Brazil, in 2005. A sample of health regions and municipalities was chosen. SINAN forms from those municipalities were analysed and the flow of notifications followed from municipal level to the regional and finally to the state. Professionals from health units, district, municipal and regional Hansen's Disease Control Programme (HDCP) and Epidemiological Surveillance System (ESS) coordinators, health secretaries and managers of the municipalities and health regions selected were interviewed. RESULTS: SINAN software is functioning up to expectation. However, at all levels of the health system, serious weaknesses not related to the SINAN software were found, varying from lack of human resources (limited number of staff and staff development), lack of infrastructure (office space, computers, supplies, etc.) to an absence of effective coordination, management and supervision of the HIS. CONCLUSIONS: Lack of reliable, complete and timely information, and especially the lack of widespread analysis and use of available information in planning and management of health services were the main weaknesses found. Many areas need urgent attention: the quality of patient examination, recording and reporting, the timely processing of quality data, the coordination and management of disease control programmes, and the use of HIS reports by the health services and health managers. Regular feedback, supportive supervision visits and annual reviews are essential to monitor the system and make sure that essential information is decentralised and used by the primary health services and HDCP coordination. Assessing the quality of services from a client perspective would give additional information for the identification of strengths and weaknesses of the Hansen's disease (leprosy) services.
Asunto(s)
Sistemas de Información Administrativa/estadística & datos numéricos , Sistemas de Registros Médicos Computarizados/estadística & datos numéricos , Servicios Preventivos de Salud/organización & administración , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Humanos , Sistemas de Información , Lepra/epidemiología , Lepra/prevención & control , Programas InformáticosRESUMEN
Tobacco was brought to Europe by Christopher Columbus, who discovered it in Cuba in October, 1492. Spread of tobacco consumption was initiated by the French diplomat Jean Nicot de Villemain, who in 1560 recommended it in the form of powdered tobacco leaves to the French Queen Catherine de Medice to combat her migraine headaches, and introduced the term Nicotiana tobaccum. Tobacco consumption greatly rose after the I World War, and after the II World War it became very common, especially among man. In the first half of the 20th century the sale of tobacco products rose by 61%, and cigarettes dominated the market of tobacco products. At the beginning of the 20th century cigarettes constituted only 2% of the total sale of tobacco products, while in the middle of the 20th century--more than 80%. Although the first epidemiological papers indicating that "smoking is connected with the shortening of life span" were published in the first half of the 20th century, not until 1950 did Hill and Doll in Great Britain, and Wynder and Graham in USA in 1951 show a statistically significant correlation between cigarettes smoking and lung cancer occurrence. Many controversies according the use of tobacco accompanied it from the beginning of its presence in Europe. The conflicting opinions according to its influence to health coexisted in the 16th to 19th centuries. In this period, especially in the 19th century dominated moral and religious arguments against tobacco. In the 20th century however, and particularly in its second part, development in medical research was enhanced by civil voluntary actions against advertisement and passive smoking. This lead to the significant limitation of tobacco expansion in Europe, USA and Canada in the end of the 20th century.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Pulmonares/prevención & control , Fumar/historia , Contaminación por Humo de Tabaco/historia , Tabaquismo/historia , Publicidad/legislación & jurisprudencia , Publicidad/estadística & datos numéricos , Canadá , Comercio/economía , Comercio/estadística & datos numéricos , Cuba , Demografía , Europa (Continente) , Historia del Siglo XV , Historia del Siglo XVI , Historia del Siglo XVII , Historia del Siglo XVIII , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/historia , Sistemas de Información Administrativa/historia , Sistemas de Información Administrativa/estadística & datos numéricos , Fumar/economía , Fumar/legislación & jurisprudencia , Prevención del Hábito de Fumar , Industria del Tabaco/historia , Industria del Tabaco/estadística & datos numéricos , Contaminación por Humo de Tabaco/prevención & control , Tabaquismo/epidemiología , Tabaquismo/prevención & control , Reino Unido , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
A presente tese como objeto de estudo o Sistema de Informações sobre Orçamentos Públicos em Saúde - SIOPS, a partir da sua criação, implantação, funcionamento e aplicabilidade. O objetivo é avaliar o SIOPS como instrumento de apoio à elaboração de políticas de saúde, nas três esferas de governo: o planejamento, a gestão e o controle do gasto público na área da saúde; a elaboração das Contas Nacionais em Saúde; e, o SIOPS como mecanismo de controle ante a Emenda Constitucional - EC-29/2000 e a Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal. Este Sistema foi desenvolvido em plataforma Windows de fácil utilização pelos usuários. Ele organiza e executa a coleta, o processamento e o armazenamento de dados relativos a receitas totais e despesas com ações e serv~iços de saúde das três esferas de governo.
Asunto(s)
Economía y Organizaciones para la Atención de la Salud/tendencias , Gastos en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Gestión en Salud , Política de Salud , Sistemas de Información Administrativa/estadística & datos numéricos , Sistemas de Información AdministrativaRESUMEN
En este documento se informa sobre el sistema Winsig que se instalo a diferentes hospitales, se capacito al personal de apoyo de administración, posteriormente se dio a conocer a los jefes el sistema, asimismo se adiestro en el análisis de los reportes del WINSIG al Director y Administrador