RESUMEN
During 1988 the number of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 infections reported in the United States increased fivefold. To determine if recent isolates from Mexico were related to those that caused epidemics of dysentery worldwide, Southern hybridization analysis was done with Shiga toxin and ribosomal RNA gene probes. Western hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere strains differed by the size of a single EcoRI fragment carrying the Shiga toxin genes. Three ribosomal DNA (rDNA) patterns were observed, which correlated with the strain's continental origin for 81 of 83 isolates tested. Together the Shiga toxin and rDNA probe results indicated that recent Mexican isolates were chromosomally similar to earlier Central American isolates and distinct from Asian and African strains. This suggests there has been no significant exchange of organisms between continents in recent decades and that the 1988 outbreak in Mexico was caused by strains present in Central America since at least 1962.
Asunto(s)
Disentería Bacilar/epidemiología , Shigella dysenteriae/clasificación , África/epidemiología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Asia/epidemiología , Toxinas Bacterianas/genética , América Central/epidemiología , ADN Ribosómico/análisis , Brotes de Enfermedades , Disentería Bacilar/microbiología , Humanos , México/epidemiología , Plásmidos , Polimorfismo de Longitud del Fragmento de Restricción , ARN Ribosómico/análisis , Toxinas Shiga , Shigella dysenteriae/efectos de los fármacos , Shigella dysenteriae/genética , Viaje , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
In 1988, the number of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 (Sd1) infections reported in the USA increased five-fold over the annual mean from the previous decade. 44 (94%) of 47 interviewed patients reported recent travel to Mexico; 33 (75%) of these had been tourists to the Yucatan peninsula. 27 patients who had travelled to Mexico were admitted to hospital, of whom 2 had a haemolytic uraemic syndrome; none died. The antimicrobial resistance pattern and plasmid profile of the Yucatan strain were similar to those of the 1969-72 pandemic strain. Antimicrobial resistances and plasmid profiles were different in sporadic Western hemisphere strains. This is the first outbreak of Sd1 among US tourists and it is the largest known outbreak in the Western hemisphere since the early 1970s. The dominant Sd1 strain is similar to that which caused the catastrophic 1969-72 pandemic. Surveillance and control measures have been instituted in the Yucatan peninsula.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades , Disentería Bacilar/epidemiología , Viaje , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Niño , Preescolar , Disentería Bacilar/complicaciones , Disentería Bacilar/etiología , Disentería Bacilar/prevención & control , Disentería Bacilar/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Persona de Mediana Edad , Plásmidos/efectos de los fármacos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Shigella dysenteriae/clasificación , Shigella dysenteriae/efectos de los fármacos , Shigella dysenteriae/aislamiento & purificación , Estados Unidos/etnologíaAsunto(s)
Bacillus Bach-Paterson/clasificación , Enterobacteriaceae/clasificación , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacillus sycoccus/clasificación , Bacillus Morgan Puro/clasificación , Bacillus Gaertner/clasificación , Bacillinum 7/clasificación , Bacillus proteus/clasificación , Bacillus mutabilis/clasificación , Shigella dysenteriae/clasificación , Bacillus faecalis/clasificación , Heces/microbiologíaAsunto(s)
Enterobacteriaceae/clasificación , Enterobacteriaceae/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillus Bach-Paterson/clasificación , Bacillus Bach-Paterson/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillus sycoccus/historia , Bacillus Morgan Puro/clasificación , Bacillus Morgan Puro/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillus Gaertner/clasificación , Bacillus Gaertner/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillus proteus/clasificación , Bacillus proteus/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillinum 7/clasificación , Bacillinum 7/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillus mutabilis/clasificación , Bacillus mutabilis/aislamiento & purificación , Dysentery-Co/clasificación , Dysentery-Co/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillus faecalis/clasificación , Bacillus faecalis/aislamiento & purificación , Shigella dysenteriae/clasificación , Shigella dysenteriae/aislamiento & purificación , Bacillus Morgan Gaertner/clasificación , Bacillus Morgan Gaertner/aislamiento & purificación , Heces/microbiologíaRESUMEN
No new serotypes have been added to the Shigella schema since 1958, although several provisional serotypes have been described. We conducted biochemical and serological studies on three provisional Shigella boydii serotypes. Four strains of serotype 2710-54 from four widely separated countries, 7 strains of serotype 3615-53 from three different countries, and 31 strains of serotype 1344-78 (E10163) from six different countries were included. Reactions of all three serotypes were consistent with those of S. boydii. On the basis of these results and other published research, we propose that these three provisional serotypes be admitted to the Shigella schema as S. boydii 16, 17, and 18.