RESUMEN
The arsenic (As) release from sediments in great lakes is affected by various factors. In this study, the characteristics of As release from sediments was investigated, and the As sources and sinks with the strengths in sediments from different areas (grass-type, algae-type, and grass-algae alternation areas) in great shallow lakes (Taihu Lake, China) were analyzed, and the influence of P competition in the process of As release was also studied. The results showed that changing trend of the values of equilibrium As concentration in sediments were consistent with the regional changes (0 to 28.12 µg/L), and the sediments from algae-type areas had the higher values. The sediments from western lake and northwest lake bay were a strong As and a weak P source, and the north lake bay had the opposite trend of these two regions. Intense P source competition with As from the sediments occurred in algae-type areas. The grass-type areas had strong As and P retention capacities, indicating a sink role of sediment with high As and P sorption capacities. The degree of As and P saturation had similar trend in sediments, and the grass-type areas had the higher values, 18.3%-21.4% and 15.31%-20.34%, respectively. Contribution analysis results showed that most of As release contribution was from the bottom (30-50 cm) sediments, and the surface (0-10 cm) sediments from algae-type areas contributed more to the overlying water than other region.
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Arsénico , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Lagos , Fósforo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Lagos/química , Fósforo/análisis , Arsénico/análisis , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , China , PoaceaeRESUMEN
China's lowland rural rivers are facing severe eutrophication problems due to excessive phosphorus (P) from anthropogenic activities. However, quantifying P dynamics in a lowland rural river is challenging due to its complex interaction with surrounding areas. A P dynamic model (River-P) was specifically designed for lowland rural rivers to address this challenge. This model was coupled with the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) and the Phosphorus Dynamic Model for lowland Polder systems (PDP) to characterize P dynamics under the impact of dredging in a lowland rural river. Based on a two-year (2020-2021) dataset from a representative lowland rural river in the Lake Taihu Basin, China, the coupled model was calibrated and achieved a model performance (R2>0.59, RMSE<0.04 mg/L) for total P (TP) concentrations. Our research in the study river revealed that (1) the time scale for the effectiveness of sediment dredging for P control was â¼300 days, with an increase in P retention capacity by 74.8 kg/year and a decrease in TP concentrations of 23% after dredging. (2) Dredging significantly reduced P release from sediment by 98%, while increased P resuspension and settling capacities by 16% and 46%, respectively. (3) The sediment-water interface (SWI) plays a critical role in P transfer within the river, as resuspension accounts for 16% of TP imports, and settling accounts for 47% of TP exports. Given the large P retention capacity of lowland rural rivers, drainage ditches and ponds with macrophytes are promising approaches to enhance P retention capacity. Our study provides valuable insights for local environmental departments, allowing a comprehensive understanding of P dynamics in lowland rural rivers. This enable the evaluation of the efficacy of sediment dredging in P control and the implementation of corresponding P control measures.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Fósforo , Ríos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Fósforo/análisis , Ríos/química , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , China , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , EutrofizaciónRESUMEN
Microplastics (MPs) severely threaten inland waterbodies due to the direct impact of human activities. In the present study, spatial and temporal patterns of MPs in a shallow tropical lake were assessed, describing their size, morphology, and polymer types. Water and sediment samples were collected from Lake Chapala during three seasons, and MPs were quantified with a stereomicroscope. The structure, elemental composition, and polymeric composition were determined via environmental scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The highest average concentration of microplastics in Lake Chapala was detected during the low-water period in April 2022 (2.35 items/L), exceeding the July 2022 rainy season concentration (1.8 items/L) by 0.25 items/L, and sediment concentrations were also higher in April 2022 (219 items/kg) compared to July 2022 (210 items/kg). This study highlights the significant pollution of Lake Chapala with microplastics, emphasizing the need for urgent measures to manage plastic waste and mitigate its environmental impact on aquatic ecosystems. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Microplastic contamination was evaluated in Lake Chapala. The distribution profiles of microplastics were different in each area. Heavy metals osmium, tellurium, and rhodium were found associated with the PMs. Polymers were found in this study.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Lagos , Microplásticos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Lagos/química , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Microplásticos/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Clima Tropical , Plásticos/químicaRESUMEN
Angqu, positioned in the eastern expanse of the Tibet Plateau, claims the title of the largest tributary to the Lancang River. In October and December of 2018, in the sediment of Angqu, a comprehensive investigation was conducted on nine heavy metals-arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and nickel (Ni). This investigation aimed to scrutinize the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of these metals, assess the pollution status and ecological risks associated with the sediments, and delve into the sources contributing to their presence. The research results indicate that the average concentrations of As, Hg, and Cd in Angqu sediments exceed the soil background values of Tibet, while the concentrations of other heavy metals are below the soil background values of Tibet. Notably, arsenic poses potential ecological risks. In Angqu sediments, the concentrations of Mn, Cu, Ni, and Pb are generally higher in the wet season, but the seasonal variations of heavy metals in Angqu sediments are not significant. The sediments in the Angqu Basin are predominantly affected by mercury Hg, Cd, and As, with varying degrees of pollution at different sampling points. In the main stream of Angqu (City section), Hg pollution has reached above a moderate level, whereas As pollution near the tributary is only slightly polluted. The analysis of heavy metal sources reveals that there are five primary contributors to heavy metals in surface sediments of Angqu: parent material, agricultural activities, groundwater, atmospheric deposition, and other unidentified sources. Mn, Cr, Pb, and Ni are mainly derived from soil parent material, accounting for more than 50%. About 60.82% of As comes primarily from groundwater. Zn and Cd are mainly sourced from agricultural activities, accounting for 41.25% and 34.33%, respectively. Additionally, 20.6% of Hg originates from atmospheric deposition.
Asunto(s)
Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Metales Pesados , Ríos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Metales Pesados/análisis , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Medición de Riesgo , Tibet , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Ríos/química , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodosRESUMEN
To estimate a watershed's response to climate change, it is crucial to understand how human activities and climatic extremes have interacted over time. Over the last century, the Zarivar Lake watershed, Iran, has been subjected to various anthropogenic activates, including deforestation and inappropriate land-management practices alongside the implementation of conservation measures like check dams. To understand the effects of these changes on the magnitude of sediment, organic carbon (OC), and phosphorus supplies in a small sub-watershed connected to the lake over the last century, a lake sediment core was dated using 210Pbex and 137Cs as geochronometers. The average mass accumulation rate (MAR), organic carbon accumulation rates (OCAR), and particulate phosphorus accumulation rates (PPAR) of the sediment core were determined to be 6498 ± 2475, 205 ± 85, and 8.9 ± 3.3 g m-2 year-1, respectively. Between the late 1970s and early 1980s, accumulation rates were significantly higher than their averages at 7940 ± 3120, 220 ± 60, and 12.0 ± 2.8 g m-2 year-1 respectively. During this period, the watershed underwent extensive deforestation (12%) on steep slopes, coinciding with higher mean annual precipitations (more than double). Conversely, after 2009, when check dams were installed in the sub-watershed, the sediment load to the lake became negligible. The results of this research indicate that anthropogenic activities had a pronounced effect on MAR, OCAR, and PPAR, causing them to fluctuate from negligible amounts to values twice the averages over the last century, amplified by climatic factors. These results imply that implementing climate-smart watershed management strategies, such as constructing additional check dams and terraces, reinforcing restrictions on deforestation, and minimum tillage practices, can facilitate protection of lacustrine ecosystems under accelerating climate change conditions.
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Carbono , Radioisótopos de Cesio , Cambio Climático , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Lagos , Radioisótopos de Plomo , Fósforo , Irán , Lagos/química , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Radioisótopos de Cesio/análisis , Fósforo/análisis , Radioisótopos de Plomo/análisis , Carbono/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Efectos AntropogénicosRESUMEN
One of the world's crucial areas for crude oil exploration and extraction is the southern Gulf of Mexico, where Terminos Lagoon (TL) is located. Sediments from the TL region were used to assess the spatial patterns, origins, and ecotoxicological risks associated with 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; 3.1-248.9 ng⸳g-1 dry weight basis, dw) and trace metals (Ni = 11.0-104.0 mg⸳kg-1; V = 2.0-35.0 mg⸳kg-1 dw) linked to anthropogenic activities. Although origin indices based on PAHs and metals concentrations indicate no crude oil pollution in the region, sources of pyrogenic PAHs were identified. A chemometric approach demonstrated associations between organic matter and PAHs, and that metal accumulation depends mostly by the input of lithogenic materials. Ecotoxicological risk estimations showed a higher risk of possible adverse effects in sites near swamps and mangrove zones, highlighting the need of future monitoring. This study provides a reference for policymakers to conserve Mexico's largest coastal lagoon and other oil-impacted coastal areas worldwide.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Níquel , Petróleo , Hidrocarburos Policíclicos Aromáticos , Vanadio , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Hidrocarburos Policíclicos Aromáticos/análisis , Golfo de México , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Vanadio/análisis , Níquel/análisis , Petróleo/análisis , Contaminación por Petróleo/análisisRESUMEN
Honda Bay is considered as one of the mercury hotspots in the world due to its proximity to the abandoned Palawan Quicksilver Mine. In this study, a detailed sediment sampling conducted in between 2021 and 2022 where a total of 166 sediment samples were collected along the coast and analyzed for total mercury (THg) concentration. The study assessed mercury toxicity using the geoaccumulation index and compared Hg levels to sediment quality guidelines. The findings revealed a wide range of THg concentrations, from 0.0040 to 11.4702 mg/kg, with hotspots identified at the Honda Bay wharf and Tagburos River mouth. Mercury spreads to a large coastal area brought by tidal currents and the wave energy actions. The geoaccumulation index indicated moderate to strong Hg contamination in the vicinity of the hotspots and around 24.7-36.1 % of samples exceeded the sediment quality guidelines suggesting adverse biological effects in aquatic biota will frequently occur.
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Bahías , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Mercurio , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Mercurio/análisis , Bahías/química , Filipinas , IslasRESUMEN
Ship ballast residual sediments are an important vector of introduction for non-indigenous species. We evaluated the proportion of residual sediments and associated organisms released during de-ballasting operations of a commercial bulk carrier and estimated a total residual sediment accumulation of â¼13 t, with accumulations of up to 20 cm in some tank areas that had accumulated over 11 years. We observed interior hull-fouling (anemones, hydrozoans, and bryozoans) and high abundances of viable invertebrate resting stages and dinoflagellate cysts in sediments. Although we determined that <1 % of residual sediments and associated resting stages were resuspended and released into the environment during individual de-ballasting events, this represents a substantial inoculum of 21 × 107 viable dinoflagellate cysts and 7.5 × 105 invertebrate resting stages with many taxa being nonindigenous, cryptogenic, or toxic/harmful species. The methods used and results will help estimate propagule pressure associated with this pathway and will be relevant for residual sediments and nonindigenous species management.
Asunto(s)
Sedimentos Geológicos , Navíos , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Animales , Invertebrados/fisiología , Dinoflagelados/fisiología , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Especies IntroducidasRESUMEN
The increase in climate-related extreme events and ecosystem degradation demands consistent and sustainable climate mitigation efforts. Seagrass playing a key role in nature-based carbon sequestration mitigation strategy. Here, we investigated the role of coral reef connectivity in blue carbon dynamics with seagrass meadows with coral reef connectivity (SC areas) and without coral reef connectivity (SG areas) in Palk Bay, India. The high sediment organic carbon was recorded in SC areas (90.26 ± 25.68 Mg org.C/ha) and lower in SG areas (66.96 ± 12.6 Mg org.C/ha). The maximum above-ground biomass (AGB) was recorded in Syringodium isoetifolium (35.43 ± 8.50) in SC areas and the minimum in Halophila ovalis (7.59 ± 0.90) in SG areas, with a similar trend observed in below-ground biomass (BGB). Our findings highlight the importance of coral reefs in enhancing the blue carbon potential of seagrass ecosystems and underscore the need for integrated conservation and restoration strategies for coral reefs and seagrasses.
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Bahías , Secuestro de Carbono , Carbono , Arrecifes de Coral , Ecosistema , India , Carbono/análisis , Biomasa , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos/químicaRESUMEN
The research, focusing on the analysis of nine trace elements, namely As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, completely analyzed their quantities in both water and sediment inside the Rabnabad Channel. Samples were collected during the post-monsoon and analyzed by ICP-OES following acid digestion. The mean concentrations of elements in water and sediments are as follows: Fe > Mn > Pb > Cu > Ni > Zn > Cr > As>Cd, and Zn > Fe > Pb > Mn > As>Cu > Cr > Ni > Cd. To understand the state of ecological and human health risk, several indices were incorporated. Health risk assessment revealed that children posed higher risk than adults. PERI, TRI, and Igeo indices for water sediment indicate a significant ecological risk. Moreover, Mn and Pb exhibit elevated HPI values and contribute substantially to contamination factors. Correlation and PCA implicate both anthropogenic and geogenic sources, such as agricultural practices, coal-based power plants, and the Payra seaport, in the elevated concentrations of Cd, Cr, Mn, and Fe in both water and sediment samples.
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Bahías , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Estuarios , Sedimentos Geológicos , Oligoelementos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Oligoelementos/análisis , Humanos , Medición de Riesgo , Bahías/química , Ecosistema , IndiaRESUMEN
This study investigated the spatio-temporal variability of microplastics (MPs) in the sediments of the River Thames (UK) catchment over 30 months (July 2019 - Dec 2021). The average MP concentration was 61 items kg-1 d.w., with fragments <1 mm being dominant and polyethylene (PE) the most common polymer. Adjacent land use influenced MP concentrations and types, with industrial sites showing particularly high levels and a prevalence of small beads and industrial polymers. MP concentrations generally decreased after higher winter flows, likely due to sediment rearrangement or winnowing. This study describes the seasonal concentrations and characteristics of MPs present in sediment from the River Thames catchment, and attempts to identify their likely origin. Further, the study provides new insights into the mobility and fate of MPs in riverine settings under varying flow conditions, which is vital given the predicted increases in flooding under various global heating scenarios.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Microplásticos , Ríos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Ríos/química , Microplásticos/análisis , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Reino Unido , Estaciones del Año , Análisis Espacio-TemporalRESUMEN
Microplastic (MP) is an emerging pollutant that has attracted attention in the environmental field, and the research of MPs in freshwater systems needs to be strengthened. To characterize the MPs in surface water and sediments of the western urban river network, water and sediment samples were collected. The results showed that the abundance of MPs in the water body of the river network ranged from 7 to 172 n/L, whereas the abundance of MPs in the sediments ranged from 7 to 144 n/kg, and the average abundance in the dry season was significantly higher than that in the rainy season. The majority of MPs (83.67 %) were < 1 mm and fibrous. The most commonly identified types of MPs were PET and PP, while the color blue was frequently observed. MPs have the potential to vertically migrate in sediments, with size, shape, density, and hydrodynamic forces being the main factors that contribute to this process. Correlation analysis results revealed that anthropogenic and meteorological factors, including precipitation, atmospheric conditions, and population density, had a discernible impact on the abundance, size, and shape of MPs. The ecological risk of MPs was assessed using the Polymer Hazardous Index (PHI), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) methods, and the results showed that the overall ecological risk of the Lanzhou section of the Yellow River was low. This study can provide a scientific basis for monitoring and risk assessment of emerging contaminants such as MPs in the river environment.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Microplásticos , Ríos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Ríos/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Microplásticos/análisis , China , Medición de Riesgo , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Estaciones del AñoRESUMEN
This study aimed to assess the concentrations of eight trace metals - Cr, As, Pb, Mn, Ni, Zn, Hg, and Co - in the intertidal zone of Cox's Bazar of Bangladesh, the world's longest continuous beach. Most metal concentrations were below sediment quality guidelines and other comparative studies. The mean metal concentrations (mg kg-1) were as follows: Mn (471.67) > Zn (256.35) > Cr (89.96) > Pb (39.66) > Ni (36.44) > As (18.79) > Co (11.08) > Hg (0.0036). Statistical analyses revealed that only samples collected from stations 5 and 7 presented any cause for concern. Risk assessment indices, i.e., Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI), and Toxic Risk Index (TRI), all indicated a low to moderate risk of pollution for all sites, suggesting that the study area is currently free from any significant negative impacts resulting from human activities. The calculated Hazard Index (HI) was <1, indicating no significant non-carcinogenic impact on adults or children. The Total Carcinogenic Risk was also well below the threshold value.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Metales , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Bangladesh , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Medición de Riesgo , Metales/análisis , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Playas , Metales Pesados/análisisRESUMEN
Anthropogenic activities have significantly enriched P in sediments of many water bodies, with redox potential (Eh) being a key factor in controlling P adsorption or release.This study evaluates the impact of Eh on P release from sediments in the Weiyuan River, Honghu Lake, and Bao'enqiao Reservoir using reactor experiments. P speciation was further analyzed through SEDEX method. Results show that within an Eh range of -300 mV to +230 mV, more P is released from sediments into the water column. The P fractions CDB-P and Fe(II)-P exhibit the most significant changes, especially in reservoir sediments where ΔCDB-P (85.5 mg/kg) and ΔFe(II)-P (80.6 mg/kg) are the highest among the three water bodies, followed by lake sediments. Additionally, after redox oscillation, the EPC0 of lake and reservoir sediments increased to 16.2 and 18.8 times their initial values, respectively, significantly raising the risk of eutrophication.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Lagos , Oxidación-Reducción , Fósforo , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Fósforo/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Lagos/química , Eutrofización , Ríos/química , ChinaRESUMEN
Sediment loss and export pose significant global environmental issues, profoundly affecting water quality, soil fertility, and ecosystem stability, particularly in vulnerable mountain ecosystems like the Indian Himalayas. The present study used remote sensing data and the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Trade-offs (InVEST) sediment delivery ratio (SDR) model to analyze spatial-temporal variations in soil loss (SL), sediment export (SE), and sediment retention (SR) capabilities in the South Shimla watershed, Himachal Pradesh, India, from 1993 to 2023. The findings showed significant changes in land use and land cover (LULC): evergreen forest and scrub land decreased sharply by 11.53% and 36.43%, respectively, while agricultural areas and built-up areas increased notably by 71.16% and 215.76%, respectively. Despite a decline of 19.18% in SL and 24.43% in SE, sediment loss and export varied across the study area, highlighting the heterogeneous nature of sediment dynamics. The overall retention capacity increased by 2.59%, with scrub forests playing a critical role in SR, while built-up areas showed the lowest retention. Northern and central sub-watersheds (SWs) experienced a significant decrease in retention capacity (from - 1.92 to - 11.6%), whereas those in the southern and eastern regions saw an increase in SR (from 3.69 to 28.24%). These results underscore the complex interactions between LULC changes, sediment dynamics, and retention services, highlighting the importance of preserving natural ecosystems and informing policy for landscape-based conservation and development planning in the vulnerable Himalayan region.
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Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Ecosistema , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , India , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Suelo/química , Agricultura , Bosques , HimalayasRESUMEN
Posidonia oceanica significantly contributes to the health of oceans and coastal areas; however, its progressive decline is becoming an increasing source of concern. The present preliminary study aims to assess the chemical parameters that describe the state of preservation of the aforementioned plant meadows located in the Tremiti Islands archipelago. To better understand the plants' response to external factors, the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) was investigated using Posidonia oceanica as a biological indicator. Subsequently, the heavy metal concentrations (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Ti, Tl, V, Zn) in sediments, leaves, and seawater were determined and pollution indicators were calculated to assess the deviation from the natural background levels of sediments. The dimethyl sulfoniopropionate (DMSP) to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) ratio was calculated to evaluate the oxidative stress levels in the meadows because the DMSP naturally present in Posidonia oceanica is oxidized to DMSO and decreases the ratio of DMSP/DMSO. BVOC analysis revealed dimethyl sulphide (DMS) as the most abundant molecule. Morphological features led to variations in metal concentrations across sampling sites, with sheltered bays displaying a higher metal content. Degradation is indicated by a greater DMSO content in the outer leaves. In accordance with the metal content, the bioindicator ratio confirms greater degradation on the south side, which aligns with increased oxidative stress.
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Alismatales , Islas , Metales Pesados , Alismatales/química , Italia , Metales Pesados/análisis , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/análisis , Agua de Mar/química , Agua de Mar/análisis , Monitoreo del Ambiente/métodos , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Sedimentos Geológicos/análisis , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Hojas de la Planta/química , Estrés OxidativoRESUMEN
The impact of pollution on the Ologe Lagoon was assessed by comparing physicochemical properties, hydrocarbon concentrations and microbial community structures of the sediments obtained from distinct sites of the lagoon. The locations were the human activity site (OLHAS), industrial-contaminated sites (OLICS) and relatively undisturbed site (OLPS). The physicochemical properties, heavy metal concentrations and hydrocarbon profiles were determined using standard methods. The microbial community structures of the sediments were determined using shotgun next-generation sequencing (NGS), taxonomic profiling was performed using centrifuge and statistical analysis was done using statistical analysis for metagenomics profile (STAMP) and Microsoft Excel. The result showed acidic pH across all sampling points, while the nitrogen content at OLPS was low (7.44 ± 0.085 mg/L) as compared with OLHAS (44.380 ± 0.962 mg/L) and OLICS (59.485 ± 0.827 mg/L). The levels of the cadmium, lead and nickel in the three sites were above the regulatory limits. The gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) profile revealed hydrocarbon contaminations with nC14 tetradecane > alpha xylene > nC9 nonane > acenaphthylene more enriched at OLPS. Structurally, the sediments metagenomes consisted of 43 phyla,75 classes each, 165, 161, 166 orders, 986, 927 and 866 bacterial genera and 1476, 1129, 1327 species from OLHAS, OLICS and OLPS, respectively. The dominant phyla in the sediments were Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi. The principal component ordination (PCO) showed that OLPS microbial community had a total variance of 87.7% PCO1, setting it apart from OLHAS and OLICS. OLICS and OLHAS were separated by PCO2 accounting for 12.3% variation, and the most polluted site is the OLPS.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Microbiota , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Nigeria , Sedimentos Geológicos/microbiología , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Metales Pesados/análisis , Efectos Antropogénicos , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacterias/genética , Hidrocarburos/análisisRESUMEN
Globally, the environmental impacts of microplastics (MPs) as emerging pollutants have drawn a lot of attention. This study aimed to assess the distribution and associated potential ecotoxic risk of MPs in the water and sediment of Nigeria's offshore waters. Water and sediment samples were collected from sixteen (16) stations in October 2023 and analysed using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and stereomicroscopy. For physical characterization, the composition of MPs in sediment and water was 73 particles/kg and 48 particles/L, respectively, while the ATR-FTIR composition at the Eastern Zone (EZ) was 705 particles/L and 1033 particles/kg, the Central Zone (CZ) was 212 particles/L and 338 particles/kg, and the Western Zone (WZ) was 223 particles/L and 218 particles/kg. The identified MPs shapes were filaments, plastic films, fibre, and microbeads. Polychloroprene (CR) (18.10% and 16.86%) at EZ and CZ and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (20.64%) at WZ were most abundant in sediment, respectively. In comparison, PVA (22.3%, 22.2%, and 21.08%) was most abundant across EZ, CZ, and WZ in water. The polymer-based plastic contamination factors (ppCf) and pollution load index (pPLI) showed low contamination and pollution load, and the polymer risk index (pRi) showed medium and low risk in water and sediment, respectively. The polymer ecological risks index (pERI) showed a high-risk level (pERI: 1,001-10,000) in water and sediment across the EZ, CZ, and WZ of the Nigerian offshore waters. In marine environments, an extensive environmental monitoring program and trend forecasting for microplastics are crucial. This study will provide theoretical and technical support for developing efficient legislation or policy on the prevention and control of plastic pollution.
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Monitoreo del Ambiente , Sedimentos Geológicos , Microplásticos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Nigeria , Microplásticos/análisis , Medición de Riesgo , Agua de Mar/químicaRESUMEN
Metals and metalloids tainting sediments is an eminent issue, predominantly in megacities like Mumbai and Navi Mumbai, requiring an exhaustive examination to identify metal levels in river bodies that serve various populations. Thus, utilising pollution indices, multivariate analysis, and health risk assessment studies, we propose a novel investigation to examine the metal content in the Ulhas River sediments, a prominent agricultural and drinking water supply (320 million-litre per day) near Mumbai in Maharashtra, India. The eleven metals and metalloids (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn) were examined monthly from 10 stations totaling 120 sediment specimens from October 2022 to September 2023. Investigations revealed that average values of Cr, Cu, Hg, and Ni exceeded Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council and Agriculture and Resource Management Council values, while all metals exceeded World surface rock average limits except As. Various pollution indices showed that upstream sites had none to low level contamination, whereas downstream locations had moderate to considerable contamination, suggesting anthropogenic influences. Furthermore, multivariate analysis including correlation, cluster, and principal component analysis identified that sediment pollution was mostly caused by anthropogenic activities. Lastly, health risk assessment indicated Fe was non-carcinogenic to children, whereas Cr and Ni were carcinogenic to children and adults, with children being more susceptible. Thus, from the findings of the study it is clear that, despite low to moderate pollution levels, metals may have significant repercussions, thus requiring long-term planning, frequent monitoring, and metal abatement strategies to mitigate river contamination.
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Sedimentos Geológicos , Metales Pesados , Ríos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , India , Sedimentos Geológicos/química , Medición de Riesgo , Metales Pesados/análisis , Ríos/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Humanos , Monitoreo del AmbienteRESUMEN
The study presented here reports the concentration of major, trace, and rare earth elements in soil, sediments, and vegetation samples collected from 13 locations around Anapa City located on the northern coast of the Black Sea in Russia. The neutron activation analysis technique has been used to fulfill this objective. Along with this, the bioconcentration and translocation factors were calculated. Overall, the content of 31 elements was detected in soil and sediments while 20 elements were determined in three types of vegetation: macroalgae (Cystoseira sp. and Ulva sp.), aquatic plants (Phragmites australis), and sea grass (Zostera sp.). The quantified concentration followed the order soil > sediment > vegetation. The phytotoxic levels for Zn, V, Mn, and Fe have been quantified as the highest. Bromine was the most abundant and accumulated in Phragmites australis. Based on the results obtained from this investigation, there is a possibility of contamination in the study area.