Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 19 de 19
Filtrar
Más filtros











Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Vet Med Sci ; 10(5): e1584, 2024 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39189849

RESUMEN

Selenium is an essential micronutrient for ruminants, which participates in the optimal functioning of proteins and enzymes that can combat oxidative stress in the body; however, its toxicity is documented in different species. The objective of this work was to describe macroscopic and microscopic lesions in lambs intoxicated with selenium administered through intraruminal boluses. The main lesions at necropsy were pulmonary oedema; the myocardial surface presented multifocal pale areas; the thyroid and thymus glands were decreased in size, and areas of necrosis, haemorrhage and hyperkeratosis were observed in the reticulum and rumen. At the microscopic level, congestion, haemorrhage, oedema and hyaline membranes were observed in the lung; hepatic congestion, haemorrhage, degeneration and necrosis; degeneration and necrosis of the reticulum mucosa, as well as areas of hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis; myocardial degeneration, necrosis and fibrosis; congestion, haemorrhage, degeneration and renal tubular necrosis; thyroid follicular atrophy and thymic cortical atrophy. This study evidenced the main lesions related to selenium poisoning in lambs supplemented with the mineral through intraruminal boluses.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Ovejas , Selenito de Sodio , Animales , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/patología , Ovinos , Selenito de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Selenio/administración & dosificación , Rumen/efectos de los fármacos , Rumen/patología , Masculino , Oveja Doméstica
2.
Ciênc. anim. bras. (Impr.) ; 23: e-73109P, 2022. tab, ilus
Artículo en Inglés | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1404223

RESUMEN

Administration of diets rich in highly fermentable carbohydrates and low fiber content can cause an imbalance between the microorganisms in the rumen with consequent ruminal acidosis. This problem can cause lesions in the rumen wall, often progressing to rumenitis. The purpose of the present was to characterize macroscopic and microscopic ruminal lesions observed in confined feedlot cattle with claw lesions or liver abscess. A total of 1060 bovines were evaluated via postmortem examination. Claw lesions were identified in 88, liver abscess in 10, and macroscopic rumen lesions in 230 bovines; furthermore, 178 rumens were characterized with hyperkeratosis, 41 with hyperemia, 9 with ulcer, and 2 with neoplasia. The 98 bovines with claw lesions and liver abscess were selected for histopathological examination. Of these, macroscopic lesions were noted in 23 and microscopic lesions in 23 animals. Of the 23 animals that presented macroscopic lesions, 10 showed the same changes observed under microscopy. Seven cases of hyperkeratosis were diagnosed in the macro and microscopic evaluation. Of the 5 cases of hyperemia verified on macroscopy, 2 cases were identified via microscopy, and 1 case of ulcer identified through macroscopy and microscopy. The microscopic evaluation of the rumens allowed the identification of lesions in animals with claw lesions that did not present macroscopic rumen alterations.


O uso de dietas ricas em carboidratos altamente fermentáveis e com baixos teores de fibras pode ocasionar desequilíbrio entre os microrganismos do rúmen com consequente acidose ruminal. Esse problema pode resultar em lesões na parede do rúmen, evoluindo com frequência para formação de ruminite. O presente estudo objetivou caracterizar lesões ruminais macroscópicas e microscópicas, observadas em bovinos confinados que apresentavam lesões podais ou abscesso hepático. Avaliou-se 1060 bovinos pelo exame post mortem. Foram encontradas lesões podais em 88 animais, abscesso hepático em 10 e lesões ruminais macroscópicas em 230 bovinos, sendo caracterizado 178 rumens com hiperqueratose, 41 com hiperemia, 9 com úlcera e 2 com neoplasia. Os 98 bovinos com lesões podais e abscesso hepático foram selecionados para realização de exame histopatológico. Desses, foram encontradas lesões macroscópicas em 23 e, microscópicas, em 23 animais. Dos 23 animais que apresentaram lesões macroscópicas, 10 tiveram as mesmas alterações verificadas na microscopia. Foram diagnosticados 7 casos de hiperqueratose na avaliação macro e microscópica. Dos 5 casos de hiperemia verificados na macroscopia, 2 casos foram identificados na microscopia e um caso de úlcera identificado na macroscopia também foi identificado na microscopia. A avaliação microscópica dos rumens permitiu identificar lesões em animais com lesões podais que não apresentam alterações macroscópicas ruminais.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Bovinos , Rumen/lesiones , Rumen/patología , Gastropatías/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Carbohidratos de la Dieta/efectos adversos , Mataderos , Dieta/veterinaria , Absceso Hepático/veterinaria
3.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 49(supl.1): Pub. 693, 2021. ilus
Artículo en Inglés | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1363345

RESUMEN

Background: The gray brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira) is a specie that shows great adaptability in different habitats and it is the most abundant deer specie in South America. The present work describes for the first time a case of abortion followed by death associated with colloid goiter, massive hemonchosis and necrotizing rumenitis in a captive female gray brocket deer. Case: A 4-year-old female gray brocket deer (M. gouazoubira) raised in captivity had a history of abortion during the last third of gestation. The animal was kept in an enclosure together with 3 other gray brockets deers, being 1 male of the same age and 2 juvenile brocket deer of approximately 1 and 2 years old. The animals were fed with concentrated used as cattle feed and dewormed annually with 1% Ivermectin. The animals' enclosure had vegetation cover formed by grasses and soil. The animals appeared healthy with no behavioral changes. The day after the stillbirth, the mother was found dead in the enclosure and sent to the animal pathology sector of the University of Vila Velha (UVV), Brazil. Necropsy revealed that thyroid lobules were highly increased in volume and histopathological findings were compatible with colloid goiter. A large number of nematodes were found in the abomasal content, totalizing 11,626 helminths, which were morphologically characterized as Haemonchus contortus. Grossly, the serous and ruminal mucosa exhibited an extensively reddish focal area with irregular contour, surface ulceration and a firm consistency. Microscopically, a severe necrotizing rumenitis was diagnosed. The liver showed pale multifocal areas on the subcapsular surface, friable to the touch which deepened when cut. Histopathological analysis revealed an accentuated multifocal panlobular coagulative necrosis, characterizing an acute liver necrosis. Discussion: Iodine is a mineral of great importance for thyroid hormones synthesis and your requirements are higher during pregnancy and lactation. Diets deficient in iodine causes a reduction in the basal activity of the hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) and over-stimulation of the thyroid by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), resulting in goiter. In the present case, it is possible that the shortage of iodine in diet caused a goiter and, as a consequence, triggered the abortion. Haemonchus contortus is a pathogenic nematode of small ruminants, leading to decreased productivity and death in some cases as a result of anemia and hypoxia. The contact between domestic and wild animals, resulting in the emergence of infectious diseases and the spread of pathogens among species. In the present case, manual counting accounted for 11,626 H. contortus larvae, characterizing a massive infection and justifying the condition of severe anemia. The high parasitic load shown in this case points out this parasite's importance related to this species in captivity. In general, inflammatory lesions in the rumen are results of excessive intake of fermentable carbohydrates, which leads to a considerable decrease in ruminal pH and leads to a high proliferation of lactic acid bacteria. This lesion has been previously reported in cervids. This case of comorbidities demonstrates that failures in nutritional and health handling, may cause simultaneous multiple diseases leading to death. Preventive measures for helminth parasite control and a proper feeding management with an adequate diet must be provided in order to preserve the species in captivity.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , Embarazo , Ciervos/parasitología , Aborto Veterinario/etiología , Bocio/veterinaria , Hemoncosis/veterinaria , Rumen/patología , Deficiencia de Yodo/complicaciones , Haemonchus
4.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(4): 1555-1560, July-Aug. 2020. ilus
Artículo en Inglés | VETINDEX | ID: vti-30202

RESUMEN

Este trabalho descreve um surto de rumenite e abomasite decorrente de sobrecarga de carboidratos em um rebanho de 238 bezerros, com idades entre 12 e 15 meses, causada pela ingestão dos frutos de Enterolobium contortisiliquum. As taxas de morbidade, mortalidade e letalidade foram de, respectivamente, 12,7%, 5,2% e 42,1%. Clinicamente, os bovinos apresentaram fotossensibilização, salivação e diarreia. Os achados de necropsia foram semelhantes nos dois bezerros necropsiados e consistiram de fotodermatite e rumenite ulcerativa multifocal, subaguda a crônica, e abomasite. A relevância deste relato é que, pela primeira vez, foi possível associar a ocorrência da rumenite devido à sobrecarga de carboidratos com a intoxicação espontânea por E. contortisiliquum em bovinos, confirmando achados anteriormente descritos em experimentos realizados com ovinos.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Intoxicación por Plantas/veterinaria , Rumen/patología , Acidosis/veterinaria , Abomaso/patología , Trastornos por Fotosensibilidad/veterinaria , Plantas Tóxicas , Fabaceae/toxicidad
5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(4): 1555-1560, July-Aug. 2020. ilus
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1131472

RESUMEN

Este trabalho descreve um surto de rumenite e abomasite decorrente de sobrecarga de carboidratos em um rebanho de 238 bezerros, com idades entre 12 e 15 meses, causada pela ingestão dos frutos de Enterolobium contortisiliquum. As taxas de morbidade, mortalidade e letalidade foram de, respectivamente, 12,7%, 5,2% e 42,1%. Clinicamente, os bovinos apresentaram fotossensibilização, salivação e diarreia. Os achados de necropsia foram semelhantes nos dois bezerros necropsiados e consistiram de fotodermatite e rumenite ulcerativa multifocal, subaguda a crônica, e abomasite. A relevância deste relato é que, pela primeira vez, foi possível associar a ocorrência da rumenite devido à sobrecarga de carboidratos com a intoxicação espontânea por E. contortisiliquum em bovinos, confirmando achados anteriormente descritos em experimentos realizados com ovinos.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Intoxicación por Plantas/veterinaria , Rumen/patología , Acidosis/veterinaria , Abomaso/patología , Trastornos por Fotosensibilidad/veterinaria , Plantas Tóxicas , Fabaceae/toxicidad
6.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 46(supl): 1-5, 2018. ilus
Artículo en Inglés | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1457933

RESUMEN

Background: Emphysematous rumenitis is a condition characterized by gas filled bubbles or cysts in the ruminal mucosa. Although a similar pathology is reported from swine and humans, the incidence of this disease in cattle seems to be scarce. The etiology of emphysematous rumenitis is uncertain once many factors can be involved in its pathogeny, a single cause is difficult to ascertain. This lesion usually fails to display specific clinical signs; however, some degree of malabsorption and weight loss is expected. We described a case of emphysematous granulomatous submucosal rumenitis in a 2.5-yearold feedlot Nellore steer that presented reduction on daily weight gain.Case: Rumen fragments of a 2.5-year-old Nellore steer were submitted for histopathological evaluation at the Sector of Pathological Anatomy (SAP) of the Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The specimens were part of an experimental trial to evaluate the effect of phosphorus (P) supplementation on nutrient intake, performance and P balance in fifty feedlot Nellore steers. Following a short adaptation period, in which behavioral observations were made twice daily to assess possible adverse factors, all steers were fed with balanced diet for one hundred and sixteen days. The steers were then slaughtered in order to evaluate macroscopic changes in the gastrointestinal system. Rumen and abomasum of each steer was emptied, washed with tap water and grossly examined. One steer presented ruminal lesion, while the other forty-nine did not show any ruminal injury. Throughout the experiment the affected steer showed reduction of daily weight gain; but during clinical examination no additional clinical sign was seen. At gross inspection, a reduction in the amount of muscular and adipose tissue was seen. Multiple coalescent bullous elevated structures measuring three to ten mm diameter were covering about 40% of the ruminal surface.[...]


Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Enfisema/patología , Ganado , Rumen/patología , Espacios Confinados
7.
Acta sci. vet. (Online) ; 46(supl): 1-5, 2018. ilus
Artículo en Inglés | VETINDEX | ID: vti-17711

RESUMEN

Background: Emphysematous rumenitis is a condition characterized by gas filled bubbles or cysts in the ruminal mucosa. Although a similar pathology is reported from swine and humans, the incidence of this disease in cattle seems to be scarce. The etiology of emphysematous rumenitis is uncertain once many factors can be involved in its pathogeny, a single cause is difficult to ascertain. This lesion usually fails to display specific clinical signs; however, some degree of malabsorption and weight loss is expected. We described a case of emphysematous granulomatous submucosal rumenitis in a 2.5-yearold feedlot Nellore steer that presented reduction on daily weight gain.Case: Rumen fragments of a 2.5-year-old Nellore steer were submitted for histopathological evaluation at the Sector of Pathological Anatomy (SAP) of the Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The specimens were part of an experimental trial to evaluate the effect of phosphorus (P) supplementation on nutrient intake, performance and P balance in fifty feedlot Nellore steers. Following a short adaptation period, in which behavioral observations were made twice daily to assess possible adverse factors, all steers were fed with balanced diet for one hundred and sixteen days. The steers were then slaughtered in order to evaluate macroscopic changes in the gastrointestinal system. Rumen and abomasum of each steer was emptied, washed with tap water and grossly examined. One steer presented ruminal lesion, while the other forty-nine did not show any ruminal injury. Throughout the experiment the affected steer showed reduction of daily weight gain; but during clinical examination no additional clinical sign was seen. At gross inspection, a reduction in the amount of muscular and adipose tissue was seen. Multiple coalescent bullous elevated structures measuring three to ten mm diameter were covering about 40% of the ruminal surface.[...](AU)


Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Rumen/patología , Enfisema/patología , Ganado , Espacios Confinados
8.
Ci. Vet. Tróp. ; 19(1): 58-64, 2016. ilus, tab
Artículo en Portugués | VETINDEX | ID: vti-14906

RESUMEN

The syndrome ruminal drinker or ruminal drinking, is a clinical condition that occurs in infants calves for failure to closing reflection of esophageal groove and which carries most of the time in a ruminal acidosis. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and laboratory findings in eleven affected calves with the disease treated at Garanhuns cattle Clinic of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, CBG-UFRPE. The main systemic and digestive clinical signs were apathy, lack of appetite, lack of sucking reflex, timpania, liquid sound to balotamento. hematologic and ruminal fluid analyzes were performed.Among the changes found in the blood count as the leukocyte response drew attention one leukocytosis by neutrophilia with a shift to regenerative left, plus a slight hypoproteinemia and hyperfibrinogenemia. In ruminal fluid analysis were observed changes as whitish presence of milk clots, altered odor and acid pH. The established therapeutic approach was sinfonagem of ruminal content, and administration of medications for other illnesses involved in the process for an average period of 20 days until discharge. Although the literature cite the low occurrence of the disease, this accounted for 12.34% of the diseases that attacked the calves treated at CBG-UFRPE within one year.(AU)


A síndrome do bebedor rumenal ou rumenal drinking, é uma condição clínica que ocorre em bezerros lactentes por falha no reflexo de fechamento da goteira esofágica e que acarreta na maioria das vezes em uma acidose rumenal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os achados clínicos e laboratoriais em onze bezerros acometidos com a enfermidade, atendidos na Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, CBG-UFRPE. Os principais sinais clínicos sistêmicos e digestivos foram: apatia, inapetência, ausência do reflexo de sucção, timpania, som de líquido ao balotamento. Foram realizadas análises hematológicas e de fluído rumenal.Dentre as alterações encontradas no hemograma quanto à resposta leucocitária chamou a atenção uma leucocitose por neutrofilia com desvio a esquerda regenerativo, além de uma discreta hipoproteinemia e hiperfibrinogenemia. Na análise de fluído rumenal observaram-se alterações como coloração esbranquiçada, presença de coágulos de leite, odor alterado e o pH ácido. A conduta terapêutica instituída foi a sinfonagem do conteúdo rumenal, além de administração de medicamentos para outras enfermidades envolvidas no processo por um período médio de 20 dias até receberem alta. Embora a literatura cite a baixa ocorrência da enfermidade, esta foi responsável por 12,34% das doenças que acometeram os bezerros atendidos na CBG-UFRPE no período de um ano.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Animales , Lactante , Bovinos , Rumen/patología , Acidosis/veterinaria , Animales Recién Nacidos , Diagnóstico Clínico/veterinaria , Leucocitosis/veterinaria
9.
Ciênc. vet. tróp ; 19(1): 58-64, 2016. ilus, tab
Artículo en Portugués | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1480727

RESUMEN

The syndrome ruminal drinker or ruminal drinking, is a clinical condition that occurs in infants calves for failure to closing reflection of esophageal groove and which carries most of the time in a ruminal acidosis. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and laboratory findings in eleven affected calves with the disease treated at Garanhuns cattle Clinic of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, CBG-UFRPE. The main systemic and digestive clinical signs were apathy, lack of appetite, lack of sucking reflex, timpania, liquid sound to balotamento. hematologic and ruminal fluid analyzes were performed.Among the changes found in the blood count as the leukocyte response drew attention one leukocytosis by neutrophilia with a shift to regenerative left, plus a slight hypoproteinemia and hyperfibrinogenemia. In ruminal fluid analysis were observed changes as whitish presence of milk clots, altered odor and acid pH. The established therapeutic approach was sinfonagem of ruminal content, and administration of medications for other illnesses involved in the process for an average period of 20 days until discharge. Although the literature cite the low occurrence of the disease, this accounted for 12.34% of the diseases that attacked the calves treated at CBG-UFRPE within one year.


A síndrome do bebedor rumenal ou rumenal drinking, é uma condição clínica que ocorre em bezerros lactentes por falha no reflexo de fechamento da goteira esofágica e que acarreta na maioria das vezes em uma acidose rumenal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os achados clínicos e laboratoriais em onze bezerros acometidos com a enfermidade, atendidos na Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, CBG-UFRPE. Os principais sinais clínicos sistêmicos e digestivos foram: apatia, inapetência, ausência do reflexo de sucção, timpania, som de líquido ao balotamento. Foram realizadas análises hematológicas e de fluído rumenal.Dentre as alterações encontradas no hemograma quanto à resposta leucocitária chamou a atenção uma leucocitose por neutrofilia com desvio a esquerda regenerativo, além de uma discreta hipoproteinemia e hiperfibrinogenemia. Na análise de fluído rumenal observaram-se alterações como coloração esbranquiçada, presença de coágulos de leite, odor alterado e o pH ácido. A conduta terapêutica instituída foi a sinfonagem do conteúdo rumenal, além de administração de medicamentos para outras enfermidades envolvidas no processo por um período médio de 20 dias até receberem alta. Embora a literatura cite a baixa ocorrência da enfermidade, esta foi responsável por 12,34% das doenças que acometeram os bezerros atendidos na CBG-UFRPE no período de um ano.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Lactante , Bovinos , Acidosis/veterinaria , Animales Recién Nacidos , Rumen/patología , Diagnóstico Clínico/veterinaria , Leucocitosis/veterinaria
10.
Vet Pathol ; 50(3): 530-3, 2013 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23355516

RESUMEN

A group of 342 beef calves, corralled in the Patagonia region of Argentina, were fed alfalfa hay that had been inadvertently contaminated with Wedelia glauca. A total of 147 (43%) calves died within 4 days. Pathologic findings in 2 calves were diffuse centrilobular hepatic necrosis and hemorrhage with edema in the gallbladder, common bile duct, and choledochoduodenal junction. Epidermal fragments of W. glauca were identified in rumen contents by microscopy. Intact W. glauca plants and leaf fragments were found in the hay. Patches of defoliated W. glauca were also identified in the alfalfa pasture from which the hay had been baled.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/etiología , Intoxicación por Plantas/veterinaria , Wedelia/envenenamiento , Alimentación Animal , Animales , Argentina/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Conductos Biliares/etiología , Enfermedades de los Conductos Biliares/patología , Enfermedades de los Conductos Biliares/veterinaria , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/economía , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Diterpenos/envenenamiento , Edema/etiología , Edema/patología , Edema/veterinaria , Femenino , Enfermedades de la Vesícula Biliar/etiología , Enfermedades de la Vesícula Biliar/patología , Enfermedades de la Vesícula Biliar/veterinaria , Hemorragia/etiología , Hemorragia/patología , Hemorragia/veterinaria , Hígado/patología , Hepatopatías/etiología , Hepatopatías/patología , Hepatopatías/veterinaria , Masculino , Medicago sativa , Necrosis/veterinaria , Intoxicación por Plantas/mortalidad , Intoxicación por Plantas/patología , Plantas Tóxicas/química , Plantas Tóxicas/envenenamiento , Rumen/patología , Wedelia/química
11.
J Anim Sci ; 90(6): 1898-909, 2012 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22344322

RESUMEN

The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of feeding monensin (MON) or a multivalent polyclonal antibody preparation (PAP) against several rumen microorganisms on feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, blood gas profile, and rumenitis of Bos indicus biotype (BT) yearling bulls. The study was designed as a completely randomized design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, replicated 4 times, in which 32 yearling bulls of each of 3 BT evaluated (3-way-cross, TC; Canchim, CC; and Nellore, NE) were fed diets containing either MON at 300 mg·d(-1) or PAP at 10 mL·d(-1) across 3 different periods. No significant (P > 0.10) feed additive (FA) main effects were observed for any of the feedlot performance variables and carcass characteristics with the exception of dressing percentage. Yearling bulls receiving PAP had a decreased (P = 0.047) dressing percentage when compared with yearling bulls receiving MON. Significant (P < 0.05) BT main effects were observed for all feedlot performance variables and carcass characteristics with the exception of kidney-pelvic fat expressed in kilograms (P = 0.49) and LM lipids content (P = 0.45). Crossbred yearling bulls (TC and CC) had greater (P < 0.001) ADG, DMI in kilograms, DMI as % of BW, and improved (P = 0.001) G:F when compared with NE yearling bulls. A tendency (P = 0.072) for a FA main effect was observed for rumenitis scores, in which yearling bulls receiving PAP had lesser rumenitis scores than those receiving MON. When the data were disposed as frequency percentage, 55.6% and 45.7% of the rumens from yearling bulls fed PAP and MON were scored between 0 and 1, respectively (0 = no lesions, 10 = severe lesions). Likewise, a significant BT main effect was observed (P = 0.008), where NE yearling bulls had greater rumenitis scores than those of crossbred yearling bulls (TC and CC). No significant FA main effects were observed (P > 0.10) for any of the fatty acids measured in the subcutaneous adipose tissue, with the exception that yearling bulls receiving MON had greater (P < 0.05) concentrations of palmitic acid (16:0), margaric acid (17:0), docosapentaenoic acid (22:5), and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) than those yearling bulls receiving PAP. Feeding PAP tended to decrease incidence of rumen lesions and led to similar feedlot performance compared with feeding MON. Thus, PAP is a new technology that presents a possible alternative for ionophores.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/farmacología , Composición Corporal/efectos de los fármacos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/prevención & control , Dieta/veterinaria , Rumen/patología , Gastropatías/veterinaria , Tejido Adiposo/química , Alimentación Animal/análisis , Fenómenos Fisiológicos Nutricionales de los Animales , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Bovinos , Ácidos Grasos/química , Ácidos Grasos/metabolismo , Fermentación , Absceso Hepático/patología , Absceso Hepático/veterinaria , Masculino , Monensina/farmacología , Gastropatías/prevención & control
12.
Acta sci. vet. (Online) ; 39(4): 1-4, 20110000. tab
Artículo en Portugués | VETINDEX | ID: vti-12353

RESUMEN

Background: Pregnancy toxemia is a metabolic disease that occurs in consequence of a disorder on the fatty acids energetic metabolism during periods of your most utilization, affecting mainly small ruminants. Usually it occurs in late pregnancy, where the fast fetal growth increases the energy requirement. On the other hand, the space occupied by the fetus in the abdominal cavity, decreases ruminal capacity. To maintain the energy balance the animal needs more frequent intake of food of high nutritional quality. In small ruminants, an error in the diet plan or a sudden stop feeding, during late pregnancy, are the most common precipitating factors that trigger toxemia of pregnancy. Due to the economic importance of this disease, the present report describes a case of pregnancy toxemia precipitated by the presence of rumen foreign body occurred in a doe in the Hospital of Veterinary Clinics (HCV) of Veterinary School of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Case: A ten years old Saanen doe weighing 36kg at the end of gestation period showed low body condition, anorexia and ruminal stasis when she arrived at the hospital. The seric level of alkaline phosphatase and β -hidroxybutyrate were 58.51 and 2,11mmol/L, respectively. The urine analyses revealed presence of ketone bodies (15 mg/dL) and pH 6.0. The real time ultrasound confirmed pregnancy and the abdominal X-ray revealed a presence of two nails and a linear foreign body of 10 cm length in the rumen. Following the doe expelled a dead fetus, progressing to decumbency and death one day after. The post mortem examination showed presence of a fish net and two nails at the ruminal ventral sac and a pale liver. Histological examination of the rumen revealed areas of ulceration and bacterial invasion as well as diffuse liver fatty degeneration. Discussion: Climate change, as well as factors that generate stress, such as treatment with antihelmintics, transport, ambient changes and confinement of unaccustomed animals may induce the onset of the disease. In this case, the clinical and laboratorial data associated with post mortem finds suggested the disease was not directly linked to poor nutrition due to lack of food or overeating, but the finding of foreign body rumen which prevented the animal to have its normal digestive function causing the consumer to stay injured and, until revoked, days prior to death. It is a disease in which there is an increase in ketone bodies (acetone, acetoacetic acid and β-hidroxybutyric acid) as a result of maternal tissues hydrolyze fat. In the early stages of pregnancy toxemia ketone bodies are easily detected in urine, but blood levels are variable. Marked hypoglycemia or severe hyperglycemia terminal are both possible. A metabolite that can be measured is the β-hidroxybutyrate. This is an important metabolite in the biochemical profile in ruminants. Its levels can increase as a consequence of severe energy deficiency due to mobilization of reserve triglycerides and the conversion of fatty acids into ketone bodies. The increase of this metabolite was found in the blood of the doe. The literature mentioned that without treatment the mortality rate of this condition approach 100% and specific disease in herds can achieve an incidence rate enough to be classified as an outbreak.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Animales , Toxemia/veterinaria , Preñez/metabolismo , Cuerpos Extraños/veterinaria , Rumen/patología , Cabras/metabolismo
13.
Acta sci. vet. (Impr.) ; 39(4): 1-4, 20110000. tab
Artículo en Portugués | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1456888

RESUMEN

Background: Pregnancy toxemia is a metabolic disease that occurs in consequence of a disorder on the fatty acids energetic metabolism during periods of your most utilization, affecting mainly small ruminants. Usually it occurs in late pregnancy, where the fast fetal growth increases the energy requirement. On the other hand, the space occupied by the fetus in the abdominal cavity, decreases ruminal capacity. To maintain the energy balance the animal needs more frequent intake of food of high nutritional quality. In small ruminants, an error in the diet plan or a sudden stop feeding, during late pregnancy, are the most common precipitating factors that trigger toxemia of pregnancy. Due to the economic importance of this disease, the present report describes a case of pregnancy toxemia precipitated by the presence of rumen foreign body occurred in a doe in the Hospital of Veterinary Clinics (HCV) of Veterinary School of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Case: A ten years old Saanen doe weighing 36kg at the end of gestation period showed low body condition, anorexia and ruminal stasis when she arrived at the hospital. The seric level of alkaline phosphatase and β -hidroxybutyrate were 58.51 and 2,11mmol/L, respectively. The urine analyses revealed presence of ketone bodies (15 mg/dL) and pH 6.0. The real time ultrasound confirmed pregnancy and the abdominal X-ray revealed a presence of two nails and a linear foreign body of 10 cm length in the rumen. Following the doe expelled a dead fetus, progressing to decumbency and death one day after. The post mortem examination showed presence of a fish net and two nails at the ruminal ventral sac and a pale liver. Histological examination of the rumen revealed areas of ulceration and bacterial invasion as well as diffuse liver fatty degeneration. Discussion: Climate change, as well as factors that generate stress, such as treatment with antihelmintics, transport, ambient changes and confinement of unaccustomed animals may induce the onset of the disease. In this case, the clinical and laboratorial data associated with post mortem finds suggested the disease was not directly linked to poor nutrition due to lack of food or overeating, but the finding of foreign body rumen which prevented the animal to have its normal digestive function causing the consumer to stay injured and, until revoked, days prior to death. It is a disease in which there is an increase in ketone bodies (acetone, acetoacetic acid and β-hidroxybutyric acid) as a result of maternal tissues hydrolyze fat. In the early stages of pregnancy toxemia ketone bodies are easily detected in urine, but blood levels are variable. Marked hypoglycemia or severe hyperglycemia terminal are both possible. A metabolite that can be measured is the β-hidroxybutyrate. This is an important metabolite in the biochemical profile in ruminants. Its levels can increase as a consequence of severe energy deficiency due to mobilization of reserve triglycerides and the conversion of fatty acids into ketone bodies. The increase of this metabolite was found in the blood of the doe. The literature mentioned that without treatment the mortality rate of this condition approach 100% and specific disease in herds can achieve an incidence rate enough to be classified as an outbreak.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Cuerpos Extraños/veterinaria , Preñez/metabolismo , Rumen/patología , Toxemia/veterinaria , Cabras/metabolismo
14.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 47(4): 253-261, out.-dez. 2010.
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS | ID: lil-565521

RESUMEN

Utilizaram-se cinco garrotes Jersey (J) (Bos taurus) e cinco Gir (G) (Bos indicus) para comparar a susceptibilidade racial, por meio do quadro clínico, à acidose láctica ruminal aguda (ALRA), induzida experimentalmente. A ALRA foi caracterizada por taquicardia, redução dos movimentos ruminais, diarreia, desidratação e depressão no estado geral. Embora os bovinos G apresentassem maior taquicardia e uma tendência a uma desidratação mais severa, assim como estase ruminal, foram os J que manifestaram maior depressão no estado geral, requerendo um tratamento mais intenso para a recuperação. A normalização do apetite após o tratamento da ALRA foi mais demorada nos bovinos J. O conjunto de resultados indicou que os bovinos J são mais susceptíveis a desenvolverem quadros mais graves de ALRA, que os G. Quanto maior o déficit do volume plasmático, mais intensa a taquicardia (r = 0,67); não ocorreu influência do pH sanguíneo sobre a frequência cardíaca (r = - 0,25).


To compare the clinical signs and the susceptibility to acute rumen lactic acidosis (ARLA), experimentally induced, five Jersey (J) (Bos taurus) and five Gir (G) (Bos indicus) steers were used. The ARLA caused in all animals tachycardia, decreased rumen movement, diarrhoea, and dehydration; Although G steers presented higher tachycardia and tendency to a more severe dehydration, the J steers exhibited a pronounced depression in the general state, requiring an intense treatment to recover. J steers needed more time to recover the normal appetite. Thus, regarding clinical picture, was observed that J steers are more susceptible to ARLA than G. Positive correlation was found between plasma volume deficit and tachycardia (r = 0.67); blood pH did not influence heart rate (r= - 0.25).


Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Acidosis Láctica/veterinaria , Rumen/patología , Evolución Clínica , Signos y Síntomas
15.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 47(4): 253-261, out.-dez. 2010. graf
Artículo en Portugués | VETINDEX | ID: vti-4890

RESUMEN

Utilizaram-se cinco garrotes Jersey (J) (Bos taurus) e cinco Gir (G) (Bos indicus) para comparar a susceptibilidade racial, por meio do quadro clínico, à acidose láctica ruminal aguda (ALRA), induzida experimentalmente. A ALRA foi caracterizada por taquicardia, redução dos movimentos ruminais, diarreia, desidratação e depressão no estado geral. Embora os bovinos G apresentassem maior taquicardia e uma tendência a uma desidratação mais severa, assim como estase ruminal, foram os J que manifestaram maior depressão no estado geral, requerendo um tratamento mais intenso para a recuperação. A normalização do apetite após o tratamento da ALRA foi mais demorada nos bovinos J. O conjunto de resultados indicou que os bovinos J são mais susceptíveis a desenvolverem quadros mais graves de ALRA, que os G. Quanto maior o déficit do volume plasmático, mais intensa a taquicardia (r = 0,67); não ocorreu influência do pH sanguíneo sobre a frequência cardíaca (r = - 0,25).(AU)


To compare the clinical signs and the susceptibility to acute rumen lactic acidosis (ARLA), experimentally induced, five Jersey (J) (Bos taurus) and five Gir (G) (Bos indicus) steers were used. The ARLA caused in all animals tachycardia, decreased rumen movement, diarrhoea, and dehydration; Although G steers presented higher tachycardia and tendency to a more severe dehydration, the J steers exhibited a pronounced depression in the general state, requiring an intense treatment to recover. J steers needed more time to recover the normal appetite. Thus, regarding clinical picture, was observed that J steers are more susceptible to ARLA than G. Positive correlation was found between plasma volume deficit and tachycardia (r = 0.67); blood pH did not influence heart rate (r= - 0.25).(AU)


Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Acidosis Láctica/veterinaria , Rumen/patología , Signos y Síntomas , Evolución Clínica
16.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; Pesqui. vet. bras;29(5): 401-403, May 2009. ilus
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS | ID: lil-522554

RESUMEN

O pastejo de plantas leguminosas que provocam fermentação excessiva pode causar surtos de timpanismo e mortes em ruminantes. Em uma propriedade no município de São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, oito bovinos de um total de 66 morreram subitamente, ao haverem sido transferidos de um potreiro de campo nativo, para outro cuja pastagem era composta por Trifolium repens e Trifolium pratense. Os animais foram encontrados mortos no amanhecer do dia seguinte à transferência, não foram observados sinais clínicos prévios. Os principais achados macroscópicos incluíram aumento de volume abdominal, protrusão de vagina e língua, distensão ruminal, fígado de coloração pálida e aumento do baço. Na histologia, havia congestão e edema pulmonares e hiperplasia linfóide difusa e acentuada no baço. A evidência de ingestão das leguminosas associada aos achados patológicos e à ausência de microrganismos no exame bacteriológico confirmaram o diagnóstico de timpanismo.


Leguminous bloat may occur in cattle which graze pastures consisting of lush forages. In a dairy farm located on the municipality of São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, eight out of 66 cows died suddenly after being transferred to a paddock whose pastures were composed of Trifolium repens and Trifolium pratense. Animals were found dead in the morning of the next day after being transferred; no clinical signs were noticed. Main gross findings included enhanced abdominal volume, protrusion and congestion of the tongue and vagina, ruminal distension, pale liver, and enhanced spleen. Histologically, there were lung congestion and edema, and splenic lymphoid hyperplasia. The evidence of leguminous forages consumption associated with the pathological findings and the absence of growth on bacteriology confirmed the diagnosis.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Bovinos , Flatulencia/mortalidad , Muerte Súbita/etiología , Muerte Súbita/patología , Rumen/patología , Trifolium/envenenamiento , Trifolium/envenenamiento , Muerte Súbita/veterinaria
17.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 29(5): 401-403, 2009. ilus
Artículo en Portugués | VETINDEX | ID: vti-539

RESUMEN

O pastejo de plantas leguminosas que provocam fermentação excessiva pode causar surtos de timpanismo e mortes em ruminantes. Em uma propriedade no município de São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, oito bovinos de um total de 66 morreram subitamente, ao haverem sido transferidos de um potreiro de campo nativo, para outro cuja pastagem era composta por Trifolium repens e Trifolium pratense. Os animais foram encontrados mortos no amanhecer do dia seguinte à transferência, não foram observados sinais clínicos prévios. Os principais achados macroscópicos incluíram aumento de volume abdominal, protrusão de vagina e língua, distensão ruminal, fígado de coloração pálida e aumento do baço. Na histologia, havia congestão e edema pulmonares e hiperplasia linfóide difusa e acentuada no baço. A evidência de ingestão das leguminosas associada aos achados patológicos e à ausência de microrganismos no exame bacteriológico confirmaram o diagnóstico de timpanismo.(AU)


Leguminous bloat may occur in cattle which graze pastures consisting of lush forages. In a dairy farm located on the municipality of São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, eight out of 66 cows died suddenly after being transferred to a paddock whose pastures were composed of Trifolium repens and Trifolium pratense. Animals were found dead in the morning of the next day after being transferred; no clinical signs were noticed. Main gross findings included enhanced abdominal volume, protrusion and congestion of the tongue and vagina, ruminal distension, pale liver, and enhanced spleen. Histologically, there were lung congestion and edema, and splenic lymphoid hyperplasia. The evidence of leguminous forages consumption associated with the pathological findings and the absence of growth on bacteriology confirmed the diagnosis.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Animales , Trifolium/envenenamiento , Trifolium/envenenamiento , Flatulencia/mortalidad , Rumen/patología , Muerte Súbita/etiología , Muerte Súbita/patología , Bovinos , Muerte Súbita/veterinaria
18.
Toxicon ; 54(1): 77-9, 2009 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19285519

RESUMEN

A disease causing anorexia and ruminal indigestion in cattle and goats, and also edema of the lips, tongue and face in goats, was associated with the ingestion of Centratherum brachylepis in pastures containing large amounts of the plant. On 3 farms with a total of 217 cattle and 140 goats, 57 (26%) cattle and 56 (40%) goats were affected, and 11 (5%) cattle and 34 (24%) goats died. In one cow that died there were widespread and severe histologic lesions in the rumen that consisted of vacuolation and ballooning degeneration of keratinocytes, and vesicle and pustule formation in the epithelium. C. brachylepis was administered orally to 3 sheep and 11 goats. Clinical signs similar to those observed in spontaneous field cases in goats were reproduced in 2 sheep and 3 goats that ingested 30-50 g/kg body weight of the plant when administered within 48 h of it being collected. C. brachylepis collected between 2 and 13 days prior to being administered caused no clinical signs in 1 sheep and 8 goats at dose rates of 30-300 g/kg body weight of the plant. These feeding studies provide evidence that C. brachylepis is the cause of the field disease observed and that the plant loses toxicity after harvesting.


Asunto(s)
Asteraceae/envenenamiento , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades de las Cabras/inducido químicamente , Intoxicación por Plantas/patología , Intoxicación por Plantas/veterinaria , Rumiantes/fisiología , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/inducido químicamente , Animales , Brasil , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/patología , Enfermedades de las Cabras/patología , Cabras , Queratinocitos/patología , Rumen/patología , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/patología
19.
Vet Hum Toxicol ; 39(5): 302-3, 1997 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9311089

RESUMEN

A clinical case of sheep deaths due to Phytolacca decandra occurred in Southern Brazil and was experimentally duplicated by force-feeding the plant. General neurologic signs and diarrhea with rumen and reticulum hyperemia and coagulation necrosis of the mucosa were seen.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/inducido químicamente , Intoxicación por Plantas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/inducido químicamente , Animales , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/mortalidad , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/patología , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Rumen/patología , Ovinos , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/mortalidad , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/patología
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA