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Background and Objectives: The progression of global warming results in an increased exposure to extreme heat, leading to exaggeration of preexisting diseases and premature deaths. The aim of the study was to present possible risk factors for all-cause long-term mortality in patients who underwent surgical revascularization, including an assessment of the influence of ambient temperature exposure. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis included 153 (123 (80%) males and 30 (20%) females) patients who underwent off-pump revascularization and were followed for a median time of 2533 (1035-3250) days. The demographical, clinical data and ambient temperature exposure were taken into analysis for prediction of all-cause mortality. Individual exposure was calculated based on the place of habitation. Results: In the multivariate logistic regression model with backward stepwise elimination method, risk factors such as dyslipidaemia (p = 0.001), kidney disease (p = 0.005), age (p = 0.006), and body mass index (p = 0.007) were found to be significant for late mortality prediction. In addition to traditional factors, environmental characteristics, including tropical nights (p = 0.043), were revealed to be significant. Conclusions: High night-time ambient temperatures known as tropical nights may be regarded as additional long-term mortality risk factor after surgical revascularization.
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Temperatura , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anciano , Factores de Riesgo , Revascularización Miocárdica/estadística & datos numéricos , Revascularización Miocárdica/métodos , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Modelos Logísticos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Índice de Masa CorporalRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The efficacy of optimal medical therapy (OMT) with or without revascularization therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared OMT with or without revascularization therapy for SCAD patients. METHODS: Studies were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials from January 1, 2005, to December 30, 2023. The main efficacy outcome was a composite of all-cause death, myocadiac infarction, revascularization, and cerebrovascular accident. Results were pooled using random effects model and fixed effects model and are presented as odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Ten studies involving 12,790 participants were included. The arm of OMT with revascularization compared with OMT alone was associated with decreased risks for MACCE (OR 0.55 [95% CI 0.38-0.80], I²=93%, P = 0.002), CV death (OR 0.84 [95% CI 0.73-0.97], I²=36%, P = 0.02), revascularization (OR 0.32 [95% CI 0.20-0.50], I²=92%, P < 0.001), and MI (OR 0.85 [95% CI 0.76-0.96], I²=45%, P = 0.007). While there was no significant difference between OMT with revascularization and OMT alone in the odds of all-cause death (OR 0.94 [95% CI 0.84-1.05], I²=0%, P = 0.30). CONCLUSIONS: The current updated meta-analysis of 10 RCTs shows that in patients with SCAD, OMT with revascularization would reduce the risk for MACCE, cardiovascular death, and MI. However, the invasive strategy does not decrease the risks for all-cause mortality when comparing with OMT alone.
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Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Humanos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Resultado del Tratamiento , Factores de Riesgo , Femenino , Masculino , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/uso terapéutico , Fármacos Cardiovasculares/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Medición de Riesgo , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Revascularización Miocárdica/mortalidad , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Complete revascularization improves cardiovascular outcomes compared with culprit-only revascularization in patients with acute myocardial infarction ([MI]; ST-segment-elevation MI or non-ST-segment-elevation MI) and multivessel coronary artery disease. However, the timing of complete revascularization (single-setting versus staged revascularization) is uncertain. The aim was to compare the outcomes of single-setting complete, staged complete, and culprit vessel-only revascularization in patients with acute MI and multivessel disease. METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, and clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched for randomized controlled trials that compared 3 revascularization strategies. RESULTS: From 16 randomized controlled trials that randomized 11 876 patients with acute MI and multivessel disease, both single-setting complete and staged complete revascularization reduced primary outcome (cardiovascular mortality/MI; odds ratio [OR], 0.52 [95% CI, 0.41-0.65]; OR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.62-0.88]), composite of all-cause mortality/MI (OR, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.40-0.67]; OR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.67-0.91]), major adverse cardiovascular event (OR, 0.42 [95% CI, 0.32-0.56]; OR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.47-0.82]), MI (OR, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.26-0.57]; OR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.59-0.90]), and repeat revascularization (OR, 0.30 [95% CI, 0.18-0.47]; OR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.30-0.71]) compared with culprit-only revascularization. Single-setting complete revascularization reduced cardiovascular mortality/MI (OR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.55-0.91]), major adverse cardiovascular event (OR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.50-0.91]), and all-cause mortality/MI driven by a lower risk of MI (OR, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.36-0.77]) compared with staged complete revascularization. Single-setting complete revascularization ranked number 1, followed by staged complete revascularization (number 2) and culprit-only revascularization (number 3) for all outcomes. The results were largely consistent in subgroup analysis comparing ST-segment-elevation MI versus non-ST-segment-elevation MI cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Single-setting complete revascularization may offer the greatest reductions in cardiovascular events in patients with acute MI and multivessel disease. A large-scale randomized trial of single-setting complete versus staged complete revascularization is warranted to evaluate the optimal timing of complete revascularization.
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Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Infarto del Miocardio/mortalidad , Revascularización Miocárdica/mortalidad , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/cirugía , Oportunidad Relativa , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Recurrencia , Factores de Riesgo , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/cirugía , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a common complication of coronary revascularization and increases poor outcomes in critically ill surgical patients. Compared to the plasma volume status (PVS), estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) has the advantages of being noninvasive and simple and has been shown to be associated with worse prognosis in patients undergoing coronary revascularization. This study was to evaluate the association of ePVS with the risk of AKI in patients who underwent coronary revascularization. METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, data of patients who underwent coronary revascularization were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV database (2008-2019). The outcome was the occurrence of AKI after ICU admission. The covariates were screened via the LASSO regression method. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were performed to assess the association of ePVS and PVS and the odds of AKI in patients who underwent coronary revascularization, with results shown as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses of age, surgery, and anticoagulation agents and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score were performed to further explore the association of ePVS with AKI. RESULTS: A total of 3,961 patients who underwent coronary revascularization were included in this study, of whom 2,863 (72.28%) had AKI. The high ePVS was associated with the higher odds of AKI in patients who received coronary revascularization (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.02-1.10), after adjusting for the covariates such as age, race, SAPS-II score, SOFA score, CCI, weight, heart rate, WBC, RDW-CV, PT, BUN, glucose, calcium, PH, PaO2, mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, and diuretic. Similar results were found in patients who underwent the CABG (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.02-1.11), without anticoagulation agents use (OR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1.03-1.12) and with high SOFA score (OR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.04-1.17). No relationship was found between PVS and the odds of AKI in patients who underwent the coronary revascularization. CONCLUSION: The ePVS may be a promising parameter to evaluate the risk of AKI in patients undergoing coronary revascularization, which provides a certain reference for the risk stratification management of ICU patients who underwent coronary revascularization.
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Lesión Renal Aguda , Volumen Plasmático , Humanos , Lesión Renal Aguda/etiología , Lesión Renal Aguda/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Bases de Datos Factuales , Factores de Riesgo , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Pronóstico , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversosAsunto(s)
Infarto del Miocardio , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Humanos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/instrumentación , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The FIRE trial (Functional Assessment in Elderly Myocardial Infarction Patients With Multivessel Disease) enrolled 1445 older (aged ≥75 years) patients with myocardial infarction and multivessel disease in Italy, Spain, and Poland. Patients were randomized to physiology-guided complete revascularization or treatment of the only culprit lesion. Physiology-guided complete revascularization significantly reduced ischemic adverse events at 1 year. This prespecified analysis investigated the changes between the 2 study groups in angina status, quality of life, physical performance, and frailty. METHODS: Patients underwent validated scales at hospital discharge (baseline) and 1 year later. Angina status was evaluated using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, health-related quality of life by EQ visual analog scale, physical performance by short physical performance battery, and frailty by the clinical frailty scale. Mixed models for repeated measures analysis were used to study the association between the treatment arms, time, and scales. RESULTS: Baseline and 1-year Seattle Angina Questionnaire, EQ visual analog scale, short physical performance battery, and clinical frailty scale were collected in around two-thirds of the entire FIRE study population. The mean age was 80.9±4.6 years (female sex, 35.9%). Overall, 35.3% were admitted for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction, whereas the others were admitted for non-ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. Physiology-guided complete revascularization, compared with culprit-only revascularization, was associated with greater improvement in terms of angina status (Seattle Angina Questionnaire summary score, 7.3 [95% CI, 6.1-8.6] points), health-related quality of life (EQ visual analog scale, 6.2 [95% CI, 4.4-8.1] points), and physical performance (short physical performance battery, 1.1 [95% CI, 0.9-1.3] points). After 1 year, patients randomized to culprit-only revascularization experienced a deterioration in frailty status (clinical frailty scale, 0.2 [95% CI, 0.1-0.3] points), which was not observed in patients randomized to physiology-guided complete revascularization. CONCLUSIONS: The present analysis suggested that a physiology-guided complete revascularization is associated with consistent benefits in terms of angina status, quality of life, physical performance, and the absence of further deterioration of the frailty status. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03772743.
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Fragilidad , Estado de Salud , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Anciano , Resultado del Tratamiento , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Factores de Tiempo , Fragilidad/diagnóstico , Fragilidad/fisiopatología , Factores de Edad , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Polonia , Estado Funcional , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Rendimiento Físico Funcional , España , Recuperación de la Función , Infarto del Miocardio/fisiopatología , Infarto del Miocardio/terapia , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio/cirugía , Factores de Riesgo , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/fisiopatología , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico , ItaliaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the long-term influence of preoperative invasive coronary screening and preventive myocardial revascularization on mortality and cardiac complications after open surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We present long-term outcomes after open surgery for AAA between 2011 and 2022. Patients without clinical or objective signs of coronary artery disease were included. In the 1st group, routine coronary angiography was performed before surgery. Prophylactic myocardial revascularization was performed in 12 cases. Long-term data on 45 patients were obtained. In the 2nd group, 53 patients underwent repair without invasive coronary screening, and data on 48 patients were obtained in this group. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 32 and 79 months, respectively. Kaplan-Meyer overall 48-month survival was 87.3% and 82.1%, respectively (p=0.278). In the first group, 2 patients developed angina pectoris in the same period. In the second group, we observed 2 cases of myocardial infarction and 3 cases of angina pectoris without infarction. Analysis of survival curves found no significant differences (p=0.165). CONCLUSION: In our study, invasive coronary screening and preventive myocardial revascularization in patients without clinical and objective signs of coronary artery did not improve 4-year long-term period after abdominal aortic repair. Perhaps, differences will appear after 4 years, and this requires further follow-up after coronary angiography. However, there is a tendency towards more common onsets of coronary artery disease that dictates the need for cardiac monitoring of such patients.
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Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal , Angiografía Coronaria , Revascularización Miocárdica , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Humanos , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Revascularización Miocárdica/métodos , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Angiografía Coronaria/métodos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/métodos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/efectos adversos , Aorta Abdominal/cirugía , Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico por imagen , Efectos Adversos a Largo Plazo/etiología , Efectos Adversos a Largo Plazo/prevención & control , Efectos Adversos a Largo Plazo/diagnóstico , Estudios de Seguimiento , Evaluación de Procesos y Resultados en Atención de SaludAsunto(s)
Revascularización Miocárdica , Humanos , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Revascularización Miocárdica/normas , Resultado del Tratamiento , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/terapia , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugíaRESUMEN
INTRODUÇÃO: A utilização de modelos preditores de risco, como o "The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score" e o "European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE II)", é recomendada para avaliação da mortalidade operatória na cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM). Entretanto, seus desempenhos são questionáveis em centros brasileiros. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho do STS score e do EuroSCORE II na cirurgia revascularização do miocárdio isolada em um centro de referência no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional e prospetivo incluindo 438 pacientes submetidos à CRM isolada no período de maio de 2022 a maio de 2023 em um centro de referência brasileiro. A mortalidade observada foi comparada com a mortalidade predita (STS score e EuroSCORE II) por discriminação (área abaixo da curva - AUC) e calibração (razão observado/esperado - O/E) na amostra total e nos subgrupos de doença arterial coronariana (DAC) estável e síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA). RESULTADOS: A mortalidade observada foi de 4,3% (n=19) e estimada em 1,21% e 2,74% pelo STS e EuroSCORE II, respetivamente. Avaliação da discriminação foi deficitária para o STS (AUC=0,646; IC95% 0,760-0,532) e Euro II (AUC=0,697; IC95% 0,802-0,593). A calibração foi ausente para o modelo norte-americano (p<0,05) e razoável para o modelo europeu (O/E=1,59, p=0,056). . Nos subgrupos, o EuroSCORE II apresentou AUC de 0,616 (IC95% 0,752-0,480) e 0,826 (IC95% 0,991-0,661), enquanto o STS obteve AUC de 0,467 (IC95% 0,622-0,312) e 0,855 (IC95% 1,0-0,706) em pacientes com SCA e DAC (figura 1), respetivamente, demonstrando bom desempenho dos modelos em pacientes estáveis (eletivos), como observado em outros estudos (tabela 1), provavelmente por se tratar de uma população semelhante àquela onde esses modelos foram criados/validados. CONCLUSÃO: Os modelos preditores não apresentaram desempenho ideal na amostra total, mas o modelo europeu foi superior, sobretudo em pacientes estáveis eletivos, onde a acurácia foi satisfatória.
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Predicción , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Medición de RiesgoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Although kidney insufficiency has been shown to be associated with increased risk of myocardial injury, benefit of coronary angiography (CAG) and revascularization remains uncertain, with implications on management strategies and outcomes. We aimed to compare rates of CAG and revascularization and subsequent risk of cardiovascular and kidney outcomes in hospitalized patients with myocardial injury and kidney dysfunction. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study encompassing hospitalized patients with myocardial injury i.e. elevated troponin I or T and an eGFR ≤60 ml/min/1.73 m2 identified between 2011 and 2021 in Danish national registers. 30-day odds for CAG were computed across granular eGFR-categories based on multiple logistic regression. Standardized one-year risks of cardiovascular and kidney outcomes including mortality were determined based on hazards obtained in multiple Cox regression. RESULTS: A total of 52,798 patients with myocardial injury were identified. CAG was performed in 14.3 % (n = 7549). 30-day odds ratios for CAG were 0.64 [0.60-0.68], 0.38 [0.34-0.42], 0.18 [0.14-0.22], and 0.35 [0.30-0.40] in patients with eGFR 31-45 ml/min/1.73 m2, eGFR 15-30 ml/min/1.73 m2 for eGFR<15 ml/min/1.73 m2 and chronic dialysis, respectively (eGFR 46-60 ml/min/1.73 m2 as reference). Median follow-up was 4.1 years. One-year mortality risk differences associated with CAG and revascularization (no CAG as reference) were -7.8 [-7.0; -8.7] and -9.1 [-8.4; -9.9] for eGFR 46-60 ml/min/1.73 m2; -7.0 [-5.7;-8-3] and -8.0 [-6.6; -9.5] for eGFR 31-45 ml/min/1.73 m2; -5.4 [-3.0; -7.2] and -5.2 [-2.2; -8.3] for eGFR 15-30 ml/min/1.73 m2; -8.8 [-3.1; -13.7] and -5.4 [3.1; -13.4] for eGFR<15 ml/min/1.73 m2; and -4.9 [-0.1; -9.7] and -4.2 [1.5; -9.2] for chronic dialysis, respectively. CONCLUSION: Probability of CAG following myocardial injury declined with progressive kidney dysfunction. Overall, CAG was associated with lower mortality irrespective of kidney function and subsequent revascularization.
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Angiografía Coronaria , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Riñón , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Sistema de Registros , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Riñón/fisiopatología , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Resultado del Tratamiento , Biomarcadores/sangre , Troponina T/sangre , Insuficiencia Renal/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Renal/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Renal/diagnóstico , Insuficiencia Renal/terapia , Enfermedades Renales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Renales/mortalidad , Enfermedades Renales/terapia , Hospitalización , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversosAsunto(s)
Síndrome Coronario Agudo , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Humanos , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/diagnóstico por imagen , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/cirugía , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is the most prevalent cause of heart failure (HF) in developed countries, with significant morbidity and mortality, despite constant improvements in the management of coronary artery disease. Current literature on this topic remains fragmented. Therefore, this review aimed to summarize the most recent data on ICM, focusing on its definition, epidemiology, outcomes, and therapeutic options. The most widely accepted definition is represented by a left ventricular dysfunction in the presence of significant coronary artery disease. The prevalence of ICM is largely influenced by age and sex, with older individuals and males being more affected. Its pathophysiology is characterized by plaque buildup, thrombus formation, hypoperfusion, ischemic cell death, and left ventricular remodeling. Despite improvements in therapy, ICM still represents a public health burden, with a 1-year mortality rate of 16% and a 5-year mortality rate of approximately 40% in the USA and Europe. Therefore, optimization of cardiovascular function, prevention of progressive remodeling, reduction of HF symptoms, and improved survival are the main goals of treatment. Therapeutic options for ICM include lifestyle changes, optimal medical therapy, revascularization, device therapy, mechanical circulatory support, and cardiac transplantation. Personalized management strategies and tailored patient care are needed to improve the outcomes of patients with ICM.
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Cardiomiopatías , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Isquemia Miocárdica , Masculino , Humanos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Isquemia Miocárdica/epidemiología , Isquemia Miocárdica/terapia , Isquemia Miocárdica/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/epidemiología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Cardiomiopatías/epidemiología , Cardiomiopatías/terapia , Cardiomiopatías/etiologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: This retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of complete revascularization coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with multi-vessel disease (MVD)-CAD and declined renal functions, addressing the knowledge gap regarding optimal treatment strategies and outcomes in this specific patient population. METHODS: Between 2020 and 2022, a total of 58 patients underwent on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery for complete myocardial revascularization in this study. To assess overall survival, Kaplan-Meier with the log-rank test was conducted for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of cohort was 60.7. The findings showed a high prevalence of medical conditions such as hypertension (50.0%), diabetes (50.0%), and anaemia (41.4%) among the participants. Intraoperatively, low cardiac output syndrome was reported in 5.2% of cases, while perioperative outcomes indicated a need for transfusions in 53.5% of cases and an in-hospital mortality rate of 3.4%. At the 12-month follow-up, no redo revascularization or renal replacement therapy was required, but cardiac mortality was 5.2% and all-cause mortality was 6.9%. CONCLUSIONS: The study concluded that complete revascularization is safe for these patients and highlights the potential benefits, emphasizing the need for further research in optimizing revascularization techniques for this population.
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Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Hipertensión , Humanos , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Puente de Arteria Coronaria , Reoperación , Hipertensión/cirugía , Riñón/fisiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with multivessel coronary artery disease, the time at which complete revascularization of nonculprit lesions should be performed remains unknown. METHODS: We performed an international, open-label, randomized, noninferiority trial at 37 sites in Europe. Patients in a hemodynamically stable condition who had STEMI and multivessel coronary artery disease were randomly assigned to undergo immediate multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; immediate group) or PCI of the culprit lesion followed by staged multivessel PCI of nonculprit lesions within 19 to 45 days after the index procedure (staged group). The primary end point was a composite of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, unplanned ischemia-driven revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure at 1 year after randomization. The percentages of patients with a primary or secondary end-point event are provided as Kaplan-Meier estimates at 6 months and at 1 year. RESULTS: We assigned 418 patients to undergo immediate multivessel PCI and 422 to undergo staged multivessel PCI. A primary end-point event occurred in 35 patients (8.5%) in the immediate group as compared with 68 patients (16.3%) in the staged group (risk ratio, 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.38 to 0.72; P<0.001 for noninferiority and P<0.001 for superiority). Nonfatal myocardial infarction and unplanned ischemia-driven revascularization occurred in 8 patients (2.0%) and 17 patients (4.1%), respectively, in the immediate group and in 22 patients (5.3%) and 39 patients (9.3%), respectively, in the staged group. The risk of death from any cause, the risk of stroke, and the risk of hospitalization for heart failure appeared to be similar in the two groups. A total of 104 patients in the immediate group and 145 patients in the staged group had a serious adverse event. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients in hemodynamically stable condition with STEMI and multivessel coronary artery disease, immediate multivessel PCI was noninferior to staged multivessel PCI with respect to the risk of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, unplanned ischemia-driven revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure at 1 year. (Supported by Boston Scientific; MULTISTARS AMI ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03135275.).
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Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST , Humanos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Vasos Coronarios/cirugía , Europa (Continente) , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Infarto del Miocardio/etiología , Infarto del Miocardio/cirugía , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Revascularización Miocárdica/métodos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/métodos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/etiología , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/cirugía , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiología , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Tiempo de TratamientoAsunto(s)
Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Humanos , Causas de Muerte , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Factores de Riesgo , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversosRESUMEN
The review addresses debatable issues of myocardial revascularization in chronic forms of ischemic heart disease, shows major differences between percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting in terms of long-term prognosis, and the dependence of the results on the clinical profile of the disease. The review of current publications demonstrates advantages of open surgery in long-term survival and prevention of adverse outcomes in target groups of patients.
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Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Isquemia Miocárdica , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Humanos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/etiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Revascularización Miocárdica/efectos adversos , Isquemia Miocárdica/diagnóstico , Isquemia Miocárdica/cirugía , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversosRESUMEN
No study has reported the association between the worsening of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular events in patients with deferred coronary artery lesions. We included patients with deferred lesions, defined as a fractional flow reserve (FFR) value > 0.80 treated with conservative medical therapy. Patients were divided into three groups: group 1, CKD stages 1-2; group 2, CKD stages 3-5; and group 3, CKD stage 5D (hemodialysis), with the clinical outcomes compared. The primary endpoint was the first occurrence of target vessel myocardial infarction, ischemia-driven target-vessel revascularization, or all-cause death. The primary endpoint was noted in 17, 25, and 36 patients in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Within the three groups, the incidence rate of deferred lesions was 7.0%, 10.4%, and 32.4%, respectively. No difference was observed in the incidence of the primary endpoint between groups 1 and 2 (log-rank p = 0.16). However, the patients in group 3 had a significantly higher risk for the primary endpoint than those in groups 1 and 2 (log-rank p < 0.0001). In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, the patients in group 3 exhibited a higher incidence of the primary endpoint than those in group 1 (HR: 2.14; 95% CI 1.02-4.49; p < 0.01). Careful management is needed in patients undergoing hemodialysis, even if coronary artery stenosis is considered a deferred lesion.