RESUMEN
Vacas de alta produção de leite estão mais sujeitas a desequilíbrios metabólicos pós-parto, influenciando na performance reprodutiva subsequente. Alterações relacionadas a funcionalidade do ovário podem desencadear desequilíbrios hormonais e desordens reprodutivas, como a formação de cistos ovarianos, os quais podem interferir no processo de ovulação e impactar substancialmente na eficiência reprodutiva. Neste estudo de caso em específico, sete vacas leiteiras foram diagnosticadas com a presença de cistos foliculares ovarianos. Foram submetidas a terapia hormonal envolvendo o uso de análogos de Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotrofinas (GnRH) e prostaglandina-F2a (PGF-2a), a qual apresentou resultados satisfatórios. A abordagem terapêutica hormonal tem sido amplamente utilizada devido à sua efetividade na resolução dos cistos ováricos e melhoria da função reprodutiva. É fundamental que o médico veterinário tenha conhecimento clínico sobre a abordagem adequada de cistos ovarianos, a fim de proporcionar saúde e bem-estar aos animais, garantindo bons índices em produção de leite e desempenho reprodutivo.
High milk production cows are more likely to postpartum metabolic imbalances, which may influence subsequent reproductive performance. Changes in ovarian functionality can trigger hormonal alterations and reproductive disorders, such as the formation of ovarian cysts, which can interfere with the ovulation process and substantially impact reproductive efficiency. In this specific case study, seven dairy cows were diagnosed with the presence of ovarian follicular cysts. They were submitted to hormonal therapy involving the use of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) and prostaglandin F2a (PGF-2a) analogs, which presented satisfactory results. Hormonal therapeutic approaches have been widely employed due to their effectiveness in resolving ovarian cysts and improving reproductive function. It is essential for the veterinarian to have clinical knowledge about the appropriate management of ovarian cysts in order to provide the health and welfare of the animals, ensuring suitable rates in milk production and reproductive performance.
Las vacas de alta producción de leche tienen mayor probabilidad de desequilibrios metabólicos posparto, lo cual puede influir en el rendimiento reproductivo posterior. Los cambios en la funcionalidad ovárica pueden desencadenar alteraciones hormonales y trastornos reproductivos, como la formación de quistes ováricos, que pueden interferir en el proceso de ovulación y afectar sustancialmente la eficiencia reproductiva. En este estudio de caso específico, se diagnosticó la presencia de quistes foliculares ováricos en siete vacas lecheras. Se sometieron a terapia hormonal que incluyó el uso de análogos de Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropinas (GnRH) y prostaglandina F2α (PGF-2a), lo cual arrojó resultados satisfactorios. Los enfoques terapéuticos hormonales se han utilizado ampliamente debido a su efectividad en la resolución de quistes ováricos y la mejora de la función reproductiva. Es fundamental que el médico veterinario tenga conocimiento clínico sobre el manejo adecuado de los quistes ováricos para garantizar la salud y el bienestar de los animales, asegurando adecuadas tasas de producción de leche y rendimiento reproductivo.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , Bovinos , Quiste Folicular/terapia , Quiste Folicular/veterinaria , Dinoprost/administración & dosificación , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/administración & dosificación , Enfermedades del Sistema Endocrino/veterinariaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Acquired smooth muscle hamartoma (ASMH) is a rare benign lesion characterized clinically by hyperpigmented plaques with hypertrichosis and some follicular papules. The main histologic finding is the presence of disorganized smooth muscle bundles in the dermis. Only 25 cases of ASMH have been reported in the literature. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of an 18-year-old male who reported a pigmented area and increased hair growth on the left hemifacial with one year of evolution. Clinically, a plaque was observed in the preauricular region and on the left cheek with a linear Blaschkoid path, consisting of hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, and some papular lesions, with negative pseudo-Darier sign. Histological analysis showed an increase in the number of smooth muscle bundles in the middle and deep dermis surrounding abundant sebaceous glands and numerous hair follicles in different stages of evolution. CONCLUSIONS: The sebaceous component in this lesion was prominent. Therefore, we considered this lesion part of a spectrum where the acquired smooth muscle hamartoma and folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma are found at the extremes. This case would fall in the middle of the range, as it combines both histological features.
INTRODUCCIÓN: El hamartoma de músculo liso adquirido (HMLA) es una lesión benigna adquirida, poco frecuente, caracterizada clínicamente por presentar placas hiperpigmentadas, con hipertricosis y algunas pápulas foliculares. El principal hallazgo histológico es la presencia de abundantes haces de músculo liso desorganizados en la dermis. Se han reportado solo 25 casos de HMLA en la literatura. CASO CLÍNICO: Se presenta el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 18 años que refirió una zona pigmentada y el aumento de vello en la hemicara izquierda con un año de evolución. Clínicamente se observó una placa en la región preauricular y mejilla izquierda con trayecto lineal blaschkoide, constituida por hiperpigmentación, hipertricosis y algunas lesiones papulares, con signo pseudo-Darier negativo. Histológicamente se encontró un aumento en el número de haces de músculo liso en la dermis media y profunda rodeando abundantes glándulas sebáceas, así como numerosos folículos pilosos en diferentes estadios de evolución. CONCLUSIONES: El componente sebáceo en esta lesión fue muy marcado, por lo que se considera que forma parte de un espectro donde en los extremos se encuentran el hamartoma de músculo liso adquirido y el hamartoma quístico folículo sebáceo. El presente caso se encontraría en medio, ya que combina ambas características histológicas.
Asunto(s)
Quiste Folicular , Hamartoma , Hiperpigmentación , Hipertricosis , Masculino , Humanos , Adolescente , Hipertricosis/patología , Hamartoma/diagnóstico , Hamartoma/patología , Quiste Folicular/patología , Músculo Liso/patologíaRESUMEN
Functional cysts usually do not cause symptoms or require surgical intervention. We reported a 17-year-old primi-gravida, gestational age of 10 weeks and 2 days, and ultrasound showing anechoic cyst in the right parauterine re-gion without septa, with a larger diameter of 13.5cm, 632ml, and Doppler color without peripheral vascularization. The patient was oligosymptomatic during gestation. At 37 weeks and 6 days, gestation was interrupted, when the cyst had 2600 ml by ultrasonography. Fetal extraction was performed by cesarean delivery, and a large adnexal cyst visualized on the right was removed. The histopathological analysis of the surgical specimen revealed a cystic le-sion coated by luteinized cells with discrete hyperchromatic and slightly pleomorphic nuclei, with underlying fibrous stroma with sparse luteinized cells, characterizing a giant luteinized follicular cyst of pregnancy. The prevalence of ovarian masses in pregnancy is rare, usually not exceeding 5 cm in diameter, and disappearing spontaneously in the second trimester. The patient in the case report had a cyst of 632 ml, increasing in volume to 2600 ml at the time of delivery. Definitive preoperative diagnosis of ovarian masses is still difficult, and predictive criteria for malignancy include the use of tumor markers, ultrasound, and Doppler. The association of these tests should guide the clinician to define the best time for surgical intervention. The association of these tests should guide the clinician to define the best time for surgical intervention (AU)
Os cistos funcionais geralmente não causam sintomas ou requerem intervenção cirúrgica. Relatamos o caso de uma primigesta de 17 anos, idade gestacional de 10 semanas e 2 dias, e ultrassonografia mostrando cisto anecoico em região parauterina direita sem septos, com maior diâmetro de 13,5cm, volume 632ml e Doppler sem vascularização periférica. A paciente permaneceu oligossintomática durante a gestação. Com 37 semanas e 6 dias, a gestação foi interrompida, quando o cisto apresentava 2.600 ml pela ultrassonografia. A extração fetal foi realizada por cesaria-na, e um grande cisto anexial visualizado à direita foi removido. A análise histopatológica da peça cirúrgica revelou lesão cística revestida por células luteinizadas com núcleos discretamente hipercromáticos e levemente pleomór-ficos, com estroma fibroso subjacente com células luteinizadas esparsas, caracterizando cisto folicular luteinizado gigante da gravidez. A prevalência de massas ovarianas na gravidez é rara, geralmente não ultrapassam o diâmetro de 5 cm, e desaparecem espontaneamente no segundo trimestre. A paciente do relato de caso apresentou cisto de 632 ml, aumentando de volume para 2600 ml no momento do parto. O diagnóstico pré-operatório definitivo de massas ovarianas ainda é difícil, e os critérios preditivos de malignidade incluem o uso de marcadores tumorais, ultrassonografia e Doppler. A associação desses testes deve orientar o clínico para definir o melhor momento para a intervenção cirúrgica (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Embarazo , Adolescente , Quiste Folicular/cirugía , Quiste Folicular/diagnóstico , Aborto Séptico , Neoplasias/diagnósticoRESUMEN
This study evaluated (a) the efficacy of an association between injectable antibiotic therapy and sealant (ATBS) on milk yield (MY), somatic cell count (SCC), and prevalence of intramammary infections (IMI); and (b) the efficacy of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on follicular cyst (FCs) resolution (cyclicity at the 45th day in milk; DIM) and cumulative pregnancy rate (CPR) in heifers submitted to a lactation induction protocol (LIP). A total of 114 crossbred (Holstein × Jersey) heifers, with 34.7 ± 4.8 months and 439 ± 56.35 kg were submitted to LIP. On the 5th day of the LIP, the heifers were assigned to (i) ATBS (n = 57) with 7 mg/kg of norfloxacin associated with sealant and (ii) Control 1 (n = 57; CONT1) with no treatments. Lactation began on the 21st day of LIP and the 15th DIM, FCs were diagnosed and 106 heifers were randomized into two treatment groups with 53 heifers each: (i) GnRH (5 mL injectable GnRH) and (ii) Control 2 (CONT2; no treatment). Of the 114 heifers initially induced, 83.33% (n = 95) responded to LIP with an average MY of 15.19 kg/milk/day during 22 weeks of lactation. In the first 14 DIM, the IMI prevalence was 18% and 28% for heifers ATBS and CONT1 treated, respectively. Additionally, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was the most frequently isolated group of pathogens. Mammary quarters that received ATBS treatment had a lower risk of IMI and SCC than CONT1. The cyclicity at 45 DIM was 68% (ATBS) and 35% (CONT1), and 57% and 46% for animals in the GnRH and CONT2. CPR was 60% in the ATBS group and 89% in CONT1, but GnRH treatment did not affect the CPR. In conclusion, LIP was effective in stimulating MY in heifers, and the IMI prevalence decreased with ATBS treatment. Also, the use of GnRH did not affect the FC regression, cyclicity at 45 DIM, and CPR.(AU)
Este estudo avaliou a (i) eficácia da associação entre antibioticoterapia injetável e selante interno de tetos (ATBS) na produção de leite (PL), contagem de células somáticas (CCS), e prevalência de infecções intramamárias (IIM); e (ii) eficácia do hormônio liberador de gonadotrofina (GnRH) na resolução de cistos foliculares (CFs), ciclicidade ao 45º dia em lactação (DEL) e taxa de prenhez cumulativa (TPC) em novilhas submetidas a um protocolo de indução de lactação (PIL). Um total de 114 novilhas mestiças (Holandês × Jersey), com 34,7 ± 4,8 meses e 439 ± 56,35 kg foram submetidas ao PIL. No 5º dia do PIL, as novilhas receberam: (i) ATBS (n = 57) com 7 mg/kg de norfloxacina associada ao selante interno de tetos e (ii) Controle 1 (n = 57; CONT1) sem tratamento. A lactação teve início no 21º dia do PIL e no 15º DEL, foram diagnosticados CFs e 106 novilhas foram agrupadas em dois grupos de tratamento com 53 novilhas em cada: (i) GnRH (5 mL de GnRH injetável) e (ii) Controle 2 (CONT2; sem tratamento). Das 114 novilhas inicialmente induzidas, 83,33% (n = 95) responderam ao PIL com PL média de 15,19 kg/leite/d durante 22 semanas de lactação. Nos primeiros 14 DEL a prevalência de IIM foi de 18% e 28% para as novilhas tratadas com ATBS e CONT1, respectivamente. Além disso, estafilococos coagulase negativa foram o grupo de patógenos mais frequentemente isolados. Quartos mamários tratados com ATBS tiveram menor risco (0,56) de IIM e menor CCS do que CONT1. A ciclicidade a 45 DEL foi de 68% (ATBS) e 35% (CONT1), e 57% e 46% para os animais no GnRH e CONT2. A TPC foi de 60% no grupo ATBS e 89% no CONT1, porém o tratamento com GnRH não afetou a TPC. Em conclusão, o PIL foi eficaz em estimular a PL em novilhas tardias e a prevalência de IIM diminiuiu com o tratamento ATBS. Além disso, o uso de GnRH não afetou a regressão de CF, ciclicidade em 45 DEL e a TPC.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Embarazo , Lactancia/fisiología , Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina/farmacología , Mastitis Bovina/epidemiología , Antiinfecciosos/uso terapéutico , Quiste Folicular/diagnóstico , Bovinos/fisiología , Norfloxacino/administración & dosificación , Recuento de Células/veterinaria , Leche/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Trichofolliculoma is a rare follicular hamartoma whose dermoscopic features have been scarcely reported. On the other hand, reflectance confocal microscopy features have not been described yet. In the present study, the authors report reflectance confocal microscopy features in a case of trichofolliculoma as squamous hyperplasia forming irregular finger-like protrusions around the hair follicle and papillomatous hyperplasia of the hair follicle epithelium, which correlated with histopathology. This case suggests that reflectance confocal microscopy may help incorrect in vivo diagnosis of trichofolliculoma in cases difficult to diagnose by morphology and dermoscopy.
Asunto(s)
Quiste Folicular , Neoplasias Basocelulares , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Dermoscopía , Quiste Folicular/diagnóstico por imagen , Quiste Folicular/patología , Humanos , Microscopía Confocal , Neoplasias Basocelulares/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patologíaRESUMEN
Objetivo: establecer el tipo de patología más frecuente asociada a terceros molares incluidos extraídos en las clínicas de cirugía oral de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y la frecuencia de aparición de quistes dentígeros, rango de edad, sexo y la región anatómica en que predominan. Métodos: se revisaron 17 sacos foliculares de 11 pacientes atendidos en las clínicas de cirugía oral, entre agos-to del 2018 y febrero de 2019. Resultados: se recolectaron 7 biopsias de 5 pacientes masculinos y 10 de 7 pacientes femeninos, con edades comprendidas entre los 17 a 24 años (media: 20.40), se realizó estudio histopatológico con hematoxilina-eosina, cuyos datos obtenidos se analizaron para determinar frecuencia, edad, sexo y patología aso-ciada. Se encontraron 15 casos que mostraron cambios quísticos diagnosticados como quistes dentígeros y 2 casos diagnosticados como saco folicular. Conclusiones: aunque la muestra es pequeña, este estudio da indicios que los sacos foliculares asociados a terceros molares incluídos están altamente implicados en la formación de quistes dentígeros.
Objective: To establish the most frequent type of pathology associated to retained third molars extracted in the oral surgery clinics of the Dentistry School at Universidad Nacional de Colombia and the frequency of appearance of dentigerous cysts, age, sex and the anatomical region in which they predominate. Methods: A series of 17 follicular sacs were evaluated out of a total of 11 patients attended in the oral surgery clinics between August 2018 and February 2019. Results: Seven biopsies were collected from 5 male patients and ten from seven female patients aged between 17 and 24 years (mean: 20.40), histopathological study was performed with hematoxylin-eosin, the data obtained was analyzed to determine frequency, age, sex and associated pathology. It where found 15 cases that showed cystic changes diagnosed as dentigerous cysts and two cases diagnosed as follicular sac. Conclusions: Although the sample is small, this study gives indications that follicular sacs associated with retained third molars may be highly involved in the formation of dentigerous cysts.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Diente Impactado , Quiste Dentígero , Patología , Quiste Folicular , Diagnóstico , Hematoxilina , Tercer MolarRESUMEN
Cystic ovaries (CO) characterize a disorder frequently found in dairy cattle. However, despite the contributions by several researchers, the mechanism that leads to ovulatory failure has not yet been completely elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the mRNA expression of bovine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA)-164, VEGFA-164b and VEGF receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) by real-time PCR and protein expression by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot in follicular fluid from dairy cows with spontaneous CO and in an experimental model of follicular persistence induced by prolonged treatment with progesterone. Results showed that both VEGFA isoforms and receptors were coexpressed in granulosa and theca interna cells and in follicular fluid of ovaries from all the groups evaluated. VEGFA-164, VEGFA-164b and VEGFR2 protein expression was higher in theca cells of persistent follicles from group P0 (expected time of ovulation) than in those from dominant follicles (as reference structure) from the control group (pâ¯<â¯0.05). Also, VEGFA-164 expression was higher in theca cells of cysts than in those of dominant follicles of the control group (pâ¯<â¯0.05). In follicular fluid, VEGFA-164 expression was higher in persistent follicles from group P5 (5 days of follicular persistence) than in the control, P0 and P15 groups, and higher in cysts than in dominant follicles from the control group (pâ¯<â¯0.05). This study provides evidence of an altered expression of VEGFA-164, VEGFA-164b and VEGFR2 during the formation of persistent follicles and cysts in cows. Together, these results evidence that early development of CO in cows is concurrent with an altered expression of these growth factors and that these alterations may contribute to the follicular persistence, angiogenic dysregulation and ovulatory failure found in cows with follicular cysts.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/genética , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/fisiopatología , Quistes Ováricos/genética , Quistes Ováricos/fisiopatología , Folículo Ovárico/fisiología , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/fisiología , Animales , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Bovinos/fisiología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/metabolismo , Femenino , Quiste Folicular/genética , Quiste Folicular/metabolismo , Quiste Folicular/fisiopatología , Expresión Génica , Quistes Ováricos/metabolismo , Ovario/metabolismo , Ovario/patología , Ovulación/genética , Ovulación/metabolismo , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismo , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/fisiología , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/metabolismoRESUMEN
A ultrassonografia (USG) é uma técnica de imagem em tempo real e pouco invasiva. Na produção de ovinos e caprinos, a USG vem sendo utilizada como uma ferramenta auxiliar no manejo reprodutivo, assim como no diagnóstico clínico-reprodutivo de doenças ginecológicas, obstétricas e andrológicas. Por meio da USG é possível a realização de exames em série para monitorar a progressão de uma anormalidade, resposta ao tratamento ou a funcionalidade e morfologia do órgão. Assim, por meio da USG são fornecidas informações substanciais ao profissional do campo e da pesquisa auxiliando na definição de prognósticos, tratamentos, descarte zootécnico e, ainda, na aquisição de reprodutores e matrizes sem distúrbios reprodutivos adquiridos ou congênitos.
Ultrasonography (USG) is a less invasive, real-time imaging modality. In the sheep and goat farming, USG has been used as an auxiliary tool in the reproductive management, as well as in the clinical-reproductive diagnosis of gynecological, obstetric and andrological disorders. Through the USG, it is possible to perform successive evaluations to monitor the progression of an abnormality, response to treatment or organ function and morphology. Therefore, through USG are provide substantial information to the practical and research veterinarian and assists in the definition of prognostics, treatments, culling and on the acquisition of breeding males and females without acquired or congenital reproductive disorders.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Quiste Folicular/diagnóstico , Quiste Folicular/veterinaria , Ovinos/anomalías , Rumiantes/anomalías , Ultrasonografía Doppler/veterinariaRESUMEN
A ultrassonografia (USG) é uma técnica de imagem em tempo real e pouco invasiva. Na produção de ovinos e caprinos, a USG vem sendo utilizada como uma ferramenta auxiliar no manejo reprodutivo, assim como no diagnóstico clínico-reprodutivo de doenças ginecológicas, obstétricas e andrológicas. Por meio da USG é possível a realização de exames em série para monitorar a progressão de uma anormalidade, resposta ao tratamento ou a funcionalidade e morfologia do órgão. Assim, por meio da USG são fornecidas informações substanciais ao profissional do campo e da pesquisa auxiliando na definição de prognósticos, tratamentos, descarte zootécnico e, ainda, na aquisição de reprodutores e matrizes sem distúrbios reprodutivos adquiridos ou congênitos.(AU)
Ultrasonography (USG) is a less invasive, real-time imaging modality. In the sheep and goat farming, USG has been used as an auxiliary tool in the reproductive management, as well as in the clinical-reproductive diagnosis of gynecological, obstetric and andrological disorders. Through the USG, it is possible to perform successive evaluations to monitor the progression of an abnormality, response to treatment or organ function and morphology. Therefore, through USG are provide substantial information to the practical and research veterinarian and assists in the definition of prognostics, treatments, culling and on the acquisition of breeding males and females without acquired or congenital reproductive disorders.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Rumiantes/anomalías , Ultrasonografía Doppler/veterinaria , Quiste Folicular/diagnóstico , Quiste Folicular/veterinaria , Ovinos/anomalíasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cysts are pathological cavities lined by epithelium and supported by connective tissue, containing fluid or semi-fluid substances and presenting developmental or inflammatory origins. CASE REPORT: This study aimed to evaluate a case series of inflammatory follicular cysts in children to clarify their nomenclature, diagnosis, clinical implications and treatment outcomes. Prevalence, aetio-pathogenesis, clinical, radiographic and microscopic findings, treatments and sequelae of this condition were assessed by using the records of patients treated between 2000 and 2015. Data were analysed and presented descriptively. FOLLOW-UP: This was performed periodically for 2 years to monitor lesion regression and complete eruption of impacted permanent teeth. All of the involved permanent teeth erupted naturally. Twelve cases of asymptomatic lesions with volumetric bone expansion were identified through radiographic findings or delayed tooth eruption in patients aged between 8 and 14 years. After establishing the diagnosis of inflammatory follicular cyst, necrotic primary teeth extraction was followed by decompression of the cystic lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The investigated cases were consistent with inflammatory follicular cyst diagnoses. The proposed treatment was considered to be appropriate, that was revealed by the maintenance of the permanent teeth involved during the patients follow-up.
Asunto(s)
Quiste Folicular/cirugía , Diente Primario/patología , Adolescente , Niño , Quiste Folicular/diagnóstico , Quiste Folicular/patología , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Inflamación , Necrosis , Extracción DentalRESUMEN
Introducción: el síndrome de oclusión folicular está compuesto por acné inverso, acné conglobata y la fístula pilonidal (triada); cuando se asocia la foliculitis disecante del cuero cabelludo entonces constituye la tétrada de oclusión folicular. El acné inverso es una enfermedad supurativa, crónica e invalidante, cuyas características clínicas son la presencia de comedones con múltiples aberturas que vinculan dos o más folículos, abscesos con comunicaciones epitelizadas, y sinus drenantes en regiones con glándulas apocrinas. La génesis de estas afecciones es básicamente genética con expresión dermatológica.Objetivo: caracterizar física e histopatológicamente a los pacientes que padecen de síndrome de oclusión folicular, así como, los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de la fístula pilonidal en este trastorno.Método: estudio del comportamiento de la fístula pilonidal en el síndrome de oclusión folicular en 37 enfermos con síndrome de oclusión folicular en Hospital Lenin. Se utilizó la exéresis local de las fístulas pilonidales y perianales, esta exéresis se extendió por el tejido celular subcutáneo hasta la facia. Luego la zona se reparó con injerto libre de piel.Resultados: la fístula pilonidal se presentó en cuatro pacientes de los estudiados con largos períodos evolutivos, los cuales fueron tratados con autoinjerto libre de piel. La hiperqueratosis, así como, la perifoliculitis fueron los cambios histopatológicos de mayor relevancia.Conclusiones: la fístula pilonidal es de difícil manejo en el curso del síndrome de oclusión folicular y solo encuentra solución en el tratamiento quirúrgico con autoinjerto libre de piel.(AU)
Introduction: follicular occlusive syndrome includes inverse acne, acne conglobata and pilonidal fistula (triad); when it is associated to the dissecting folliculitis of the scalp then it constitutes the tetrad of follicular occlusion. Reverse acne is a suppurative, chronic and invalidating disease. Its clinical features are the presence of comedones with multiple openings that link two or more follicles, abscesses with epithelial communications, and draining sinuses in regions with apocrine glands. The genesis of these affections is basically genetic with dermatological expression.Objective: to describe physically and histopathologically the patients with follicular occlusion syndrome, as well as the results of surgical treatment of pilonidal fistula in this disorder.Method: the study is on the prevalence of pilonidal fistula in follicular occlusion syndrome in 37 patients with follicular occlusion syndrome. The local excision of the pilonidal and perianal fistulas was performed, this exeresis extended by the subcutaneous cellular tissue until the facia. The area was then repaired with a skin-free graft.Results: four patients had the pilonidal fistula, with long periods of evolution, who were treated with autograft of skin. Hyperkeratosis, as well as, perifolliculitis were the most relevant histopathological changes.Conclusion: the pilonidal fistula is difficult for follicular occlusion syndrome management and only the surgical treatment is the most suitable.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Hidradenitis Supurativa/diagnóstico , Hidradenitis Supurativa/patología , Hidradenitis Supurativa/fisiopatología , Hidradenitis Supurativa/cirugía , Quiste Folicular/cirugía , Trasplante Autólogo , Trasplante de PielRESUMEN
Foi estudada a incidência de cistos foliculares em vacas leiteiras da raça Holandesa, de uma propriedade comercial localizada em Uberlândia -MG. Foram analisadas 304 vacas lactantes, com média de produção de 20,45kg de leite/dia, no período de um ano. As avaliações foram realizadas a cada 21 dias, totalizando 423 exames ginecológicos. Nas visitas foram procedidos: anotação de dias pós-parto, avaliações ultrassonográficas e estação do ano relativa ao parto e diagnóstico. Foram consideradas vacas císticas, aquelas que nas avaliações apresentavam folículo com, no mínimo, 25 mm de diâmetro, na ausência de corpo lúteo. Os efeitos dos dias pós-parto, estação do diagnóstico e estação de parição sob a ocorrência de cistos ovarianos foram analisadas por regressão logística, com o programa MINITAB. A incidência encontrada foi de 2,63%. Não foi encontrado efeito de dias pós-parto, da estação do ano de diagnóstico e estação da parição na incidência de cistos foliculares; porém, a ciclicidade foi afetada pela estação da parição.
We studied the incidence of follicular cysts in dairy cows of Holstein in a commercial farm, which is localized in the Uberlândia-MG. We analyzed 304 lactation cows with average production of milk was 20,45kg, for the period of one year. The diagnosis were made every 21 days, totaling 423 gynecological examinations. In the visits were collected: days postpartum, ultrasound evaluations and relationship between cysts and date of parturition and diagnosis. Cows were considered cystic whose had follicles with at least 25mm of diameter, in the absence of corpus luteum. The effects of the postpartum, the diagnosis station and the calving season under the occurrence of ovarian cysts were analyzed by logistic regression with the program MINITAB. Ovarian follicular cysts incidence was 2.63%. There were no effects of days postpartum, season of diagnosis and 56 Ciência Animal 27(1), 2017 season of calving on incidence of follicular cysts, but cyclicity was affected by season of calving.
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Animales , Bovinos , Quiste Folicular/etiología , Quiste Folicular/veterinaria , Periodicidad , Quistes Ováricos/veterinaria , Examen Ginecologíco/veterinariaRESUMEN
Foi estudada a incidência de cistos foliculares em vacas leiteiras da raça Holandesa, de uma propriedade comercial localizada em Uberlândia -MG. Foram analisadas 304 vacas lactantes, com média de produção de 20,45kg de leite/dia, no período de um ano. As avaliações foram realizadas a cada 21 dias, totalizando 423 exames ginecológicos. Nas visitas foram procedidos: anotação de dias pós-parto, avaliações ultrassonográficas e estação do ano relativa ao parto e diagnóstico. Foram consideradas vacas císticas, aquelas que nas avaliações apresentavam folículo com, no mínimo, 25 mm de diâmetro, na ausência de corpo lúteo. Os efeitos dos dias pós-parto, estação do diagnóstico e estação de parição sob a ocorrência de cistos ovarianos foram analisadas por regressão logística, com o programa MINITAB. A incidência encontrada foi de 2,63%. Não foi encontrado efeito de dias pós-parto, da estação do ano de diagnóstico e estação da parição na incidência de cistos foliculares; porém, a ciclicidade foi afetada pela estação da parição.(AU)
We studied the incidence of follicular cysts in dairy cows of Holstein in a commercial farm, which is localized in the Uberlândia-MG. We analyzed 304 lactation cows with average production of milk was 20,45kg, for the period of one year. The diagnosis were made every 21 days, totaling 423 gynecological examinations. In the visits were collected: days postpartum, ultrasound evaluations and relationship between cysts and date of parturition and diagnosis. Cows were considered cystic whose had follicles with at least 25mm of diameter, in the absence of corpus luteum. The effects of the postpartum, the diagnosis station and the calving season under the occurrence of ovarian cysts were analyzed by logistic regression with the program MINITAB. Ovarian follicular cysts incidence was 2.63%. There were no effects of days postpartum, season of diagnosis and 56 Ciência Animal 27(1), 2017 season of calving on incidence of follicular cysts, but cyclicity was affected by season of calving.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , Bovinos , Quiste Folicular/etiología , Quiste Folicular/veterinaria , Periodicidad , Quistes Ováricos/veterinaria , Examen Ginecologíco/veterinariaRESUMEN
Ovarian cystic follicles are the sign of important causes of reproductive failure in numerous species. In this review, some morphological, endocrinological and clinical aspects of cystic follicles in women, cows, mares, sows and bitches are discussed. Follicular cysts are the consequence of the failure of a mature follicle to ovulate at the appointed time of ovulation in the estrous cycle. Although the etiology of follicular cysts remains unknown, this review examines the evidence about the role of endocrine signaling systems in the specific disease or syndrome in each of the species mentioned above. This review also describes, the changes in the pathways of endocrine mechanisms that would trigger disturbances in the intraovarian component underlying the aberrant persistence of follicular cysts. The knowledge of the morphological and endocrinological nature of cystic follicles in different species can provide relevant information to better understand specific diseases when it is integrally analyzed from the comparative medicine viewpoint.
Asunto(s)
Quiste Folicular/metabolismo , Quistes Ováricos/metabolismo , Femenino , Quiste Folicular/patología , Humanos , Quistes Ováricos/patologíaRESUMEN
Abstract: Benign follicular tumors comprise a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that share a common histogenesis and display morphological features resembling one or several portions of the normal hair follicle, or recapitulate part of its embryological development. Most cases present it as clinically nondescript single lesions and essentially of dermatological relevance. Occasionally, however, these lesions be multiple and represent a cutaneous marker of complex syndromes associated with an increased risk of visceral neoplasms. In this article, the authors present the microscopic structure of the normal hair follicle as a basis to understand the type and level of differentiation of the various follicular tumors. The main clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of benign follicular tumors are then discussed, including dilated pore of Winer, pilar sheath acanthoma, trichoadenoma, trichilemmoma, infundibuloma, proliferating trichilemmal cyst/tumor, trichoblastoma and its variants, pilomatricoma, trichodiscoma/fibrofolliculoma, neurofollicular hamartoma and trichofolliculoma. In addition, the main syndromes presenting with multiple follicular tumors are also discussed, namely Cowden, Birt-Hogg-Dubé, Rombo and Bazex-Dupré-Christol syndromes, as well as multiple tumors of follicular infundibulum (infundibulomatosis) and multiple trichoepitheliomas. Although the diagnosis of follicular tumors relies on histological examination, we highlight the importance of their knowledge for the clinician, especially when in presence of patients with multiple lesions that may be the cutaneous marker of a cancer-prone syndrome. The dermatologist is therefore in a privileged position to recognize these lesions, which is extremely important to provide further propedeutic, appropriate referral and genetic counseling for these patients.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Folículo Piloso/patología , Enfermedades del Cabello/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/clasificación , Síndrome , Quiste Folicular/patología , Adenoma/patología , Neoplasias Basocelulares/patología , Acantoma/patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Enfermedades del Cabello/clasificaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hair follicle nevus is a rare, congenital hamartoma with follicular differentiation characterized histologically by numerous, tiny, mature hair follicles. Trichofolliculoma, the histopathological features of which are quite similar to those of hair follicle nevus, is also a hamartoma that differs from hair follicle. Accessory tragus is a relatively common, benign congenital abnormality of the external ear with an incidence rate of 1 to 10 per 1,000 live births. OBJECTIVE: This study seeks to assess the discriminatory value of currently available, histological criteria in the differential diagnosis of hair follicle nevus, accessory tragi and trichofolliculoma. METHODS: Twenty-one patients comprising 9 cases of hair follicle nevus, 8 accessory tragi patients and 4 trichofolliculoma cases, were recruited to perform the study. RESULTS: There were 10 males and 11 females in the study group. No significant difference was observed between the three study groups in terms of age, gender or histopathological parameters such as density of hair follicles, subcutaneous fat score and presence of connective tissue framework. Cartilaginous component was seen in 8 cases that were diagnosed as accessory tragi, while central cyst and radiating hair follicles were seen in 4 cases which were diagnosed as trichofolliculoma. CONCLUSION: The results of our study showed that diagnostic discrimination of these diseases could be made only with the clinicopathologic correlation because of their clinical and histopathological similarities.
Asunto(s)
Oído Externo/anomalías , Oído Externo/patología , Quiste Folicular/patología , Enfermedades del Cabello/patología , Folículo Piloso/patología , Hamartoma/patología , Neoplasias Basocelulares/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Tejido Adiposo/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Cartílago Elástico/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nevo/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
AbstractBACKGROUND:Hair follicle nevus is a rare, congenital hamartoma with follicular differentiation characterized histologically by numerous, tiny, mature hair follicles. Trichofolliculoma, the histopathological features of which are quite similar to those of hair follicle nevus, is also a hamartoma that differs from hair follicle. Accessory tragus is a relatively common, benign congenital abnormality of the external ear with an incidence rate of 1 to 10 per 1,000 live births.OBJECTIVE:This study seeks to assess the discriminatory value of currently available, histological criteria in the differential diagnosis of hair follicle nevus, accessory tragi and trichofolliculoma.METHODS:Twenty-one patients comprising 9 cases of hair follicle nevus, 8 accessory tragi patients and 4 trichofolliculoma cases, were recruited to perform the study.RESULTS:There were 10 males and 11 females in the study group. No significant difference was observed between the three study groups in terms of age, gender or histopathological parameters such as density of hair follicles, subcutaneous fat score and presence of connective tissue framework. Cartilaginous component was seen in 8 cases that were diagnosed as accessory tragi, while central cyst and radiating hair follicles were seen in 4 cases which were diagnosed as trichofolliculoma.CONCLUSION:The results of our study showed that diagnostic discrimination of these diseases could be made only with the clinicopathologic correlation because of their clinical and histopathological similarities.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Oído Externo/anomalías , Oído Externo/patología , Quiste Folicular/patología , Enfermedades del Cabello/patología , Folículo Piloso/patología , Hamartoma/patología , Neoplasias Basocelulares/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Tejido Adiposo/patología , Cartílago Elástico/patología , Nevo/patología , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Benign follicular tumors comprise a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that share a common histogenesis and display morphological features resembling one or several portions of the normal hair follicle, or recapitulate part of its embryological development. Most cases present it as clinically nondescript single lesions and essentially of dermatological relevance. Occasionally, however, these lesions be multiple and represent a cutaneous marker of complex syndromes associated with an increased risk of visceral neoplasms. In this article, the authors present the microscopic structure of the normal hair follicle as a basis to understand the type and level of differentiation of the various follicular tumors. The main clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of benign follicular tumors are then discussed, including dilated pore of Winer, pilar sheath acanthoma, trichoadenoma, trichilemmoma, infundibuloma, proliferating trichilemmal cyst/tumor, trichoblastoma and its variants, pilomatricoma, trichodiscoma/fibrofolliculoma, neurofollicular hamartoma and trichofolliculoma. In addition, the main syndromes presenting with multiple follicular tumors are also discussed, namely Cowden, Birt-Hogg-Dubé, Rombo and Bazex-Dupré-Christol syndromes, as well as multiple tumors of follicular infundibulum (infundibulomatosis) and multiple trichoepitheliomas. Although the diagnosis of follicular tumors relies on histological examination, we highlight the importance of their knowledge for the clinician, especially when in presence of patients with multiple lesions that may be the cutaneous marker of a cancer-prone syndrome. The dermatologist is therefore in a privileged position to recognize these lesions, which is extremely important to provide further propedeutic, appropriate referral and genetic counseling for these patients.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades del Cabello/patología , Folículo Piloso/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/patología , Acantoma/patología , Adenoma/patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Quiste Folicular/patología , Enfermedades del Cabello/clasificación , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Basocelulares/patología , Neoplasias Cutáneas/clasificación , SíndromeRESUMEN
Follicular growth and steroidogenesis are dependent on gonadotropin binding to their receptors in granulosa and theca cells of ovarian follicles. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression patterns of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) in ovarian follicular structures from cows with cystic ovarian disease (COD) as compared with those of regularly cycling cows. Relative real-time RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of FSHR mRNA in granulosa cells was highest in small antral follicles, then decreased significantly as follicles increased in size, and was lowest in cysts. FSHR mRNA was not detected in the theca cells of any follicular category, including cysts. LHCGR mRNA expression in granulosa cells was significantly higher in large antral follicles than in cysts, and not detected in granulosa cells of small and medium antral follicles. In theca cells, the expression level of LHCGR mRNA in medium antral follicles was higher than in small and large antral follicles, whereas that in follicular cysts it was similar to those in small and medium antral follicles, but higher than that in large antral follicles. Our findings provide evidence that there is an altered gonadotropin receptor expression in bovine cystic follicles, and suggest that in conditions characterized by altered ovulation, such as COD, changes in the signaling system of gonadotropins may play a fundamental role in their pathogenesis.