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The advent of multiple transdiagnostic treatments in recent decades has advanced the field of clinical psychology while also raising questions for clinicians and patients about how to decide between treatments and how to best deliver a chosen treatment. The purpose of this paper is to review two prominent transdiagnostic treatments that target emotion dysregulation: dialectical behaviour therapy and the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment for emotional disorders. First, we review the theoretical underpinnings, research support and proposed mechanisms of action for these treatments. Next, we discuss patient and therapist variables that might indicate which treatment is more appropriate for a given patient and discuss decision-making guidelines to help make this determination with an emphasis on complex patients who may present with risk and/or clinical comorbidities. Finally, we discuss areas for future research that can help further ensure we work to match patients to the treatment that is most likely to benefit them.

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Introduction: Empirical evidence has confirmed that all types of knowledge (propositional, procedural, personal, and client) contribute to evidence-based practice (EBP) and should be transferred in clinical practice to inform quality service delivery. However, it is unclear how the integration of the types of knowledge that are transferred in clinical practice manifests. Given this gap in understanding, the current research sought to build a conceptual map of knowledge transfer in clinical practice in central South Africa. Method: A qualitative approach was followed, and data to build the conceptual map was obtained from a scoping review that explored the landscape of knowledge transfer in occupational therapy clinical practice, nine semistructured interviews with occupational therapists working in central South Africa, and a Q Method survey. Results: The conceptual map-building process delivered a multidimensional, multidirectional conceptual map consisting of four concepts (theory and research, practice experience, patient-therapist relationship, and patient's voice in clinical practice) and four types of knowledge (propositional, procedural, personal, and client). The results show the integration of the types of knowledge and confirm that knowledge transfer in clinical practice is a complex and ongoing process. Conclusion: The conceptual map, a first of its kind in South Africa, presents empirical evidence of knowledge that is created and transferred in clinical practice in central South Africa. The conceptual map might provide a framework for collaboration amongst all stakeholders, such as patients, occupational therapists, and academics, to produce practice guidelines and occupational outcome measures to support evidence-based clinical practice.

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Schools have become increasingly important as health promotion settings, seeking to improve pupils' health and wellbeing through adopting a whole-school approach. A strong evidence-base highlights that focusing on the social, emotional and psychological aspects of pupils' wellbeing enables them to flourish, enjoy life and be better equipped to overcome challenges. However, it is acknowledged that further evidence is required regarding: (1) what happens in primary schools, (2) the impact of the English education system, (3) complexity and context, and (4) capturing children's voices. This article, therefore, addresses these gaps by asking the question: How do schools use whole-school wellbeing promotion to enable pupils to flourish? Taking an exploratory approach the study used a three-phase, mixed methods design to address the research problem by undertaking a systematic literature review, a secondary data analysis and a case study to capture multiple stakeholder voices including pupils. As appropriate for this research design, the findings from each phase were integrated into an overarching analysis which is presented in this article. Six broad principles formed consistent threads across the findings: (1) enabling children to flourish, (2) integrating wellbeing with key school goals, (3) promoting wellbeing and building capital, (4) building on virtuous cycles, (5) managing complexity and context, and (6) evaluating wellbeing promotion through listening to different voices. As well as presenting new knowledge addressing the identified research gaps, this study has demonstrated that schools can avoid 'reinventing the wheel' by adopting existing practices and resources and adapting them to their own setting. It is, therefore, hoped the six evidence-based principles of this study are equally transferable to schools within the English education system and more broadly. In addition, the paper highlights recognized challenges to staffing and resourcing and raises the question over whether schools receive sufficient funding to deliver the whole-school initiatives that government recommends. This article provides readers with an exploration of what has been achieved in schools and it is outside its scope to address specific issues about funding and other practical logistics for implementing whole-school wellbeing promotion, therefore further research is recommended.

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BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing evidence-based preoperative nursing interventions in reducing postoperative infections and intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay among liver transplant recipients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A controlled study was conducted, comparing postoperative outcomes between an intervention group receiving standardized, evidence-based preoperative care and a control group receiving routine preoperative care. Patients undergoing elective liver transplantation from September 2020 to March 2021 were included and assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received preoperative interventions based on best available evidence, while the control group received standard preoperative care. The primary outcomes measured were postoperative infection rates and length of ICU stay. RESULTS In the control group the overall Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay was 3 days and the infection rate was 33.30%, while in the intervention group it was 3 days and 13.80% (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of ICU stay between the control and the intervention groups (P>0.05). There was a significant improvement in the awareness, acceptance, and compliance of doctors and nurses. CONCLUSIONS Using the best evidence-based intervention for preoperative nursing of liver transplantation patients can standardize preoperative nursing behavior. Although we did not find significant differences in outcomes before and after the intervention, it is necessary to prevent postoperative infection and improve nursing compliance.

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Contexto e objetivo: A transmissão de doenças por mosquitos afeta a população e a economia de todo o mundo. Há um número considerável de doenças que podem ser transmitidas por mosquitos, com destaque para a malária e a dengue, endêmica em regiões tropicais. Evidentemente, medidas preventivas são imprescindíveis para a redução da transmissão. Avaliar as evidências de efetividade das telas de proteção com e sem inseticida para prevenção de doenças transmitidas por mosquitos. Métodos: Trata-se de sinopse baseada em evidências. Procedeu-se à busca por estudos que associavam o uso de telas de proteção contra mosquitos à redução do contágio de doenças transmitidas por mosquitos em três bases de dados: PubMed (1966-2024), Portal BVS (1982-2024) e Epistemonikos (2024) e também no metabuscador de evidências TRIP DATABASE (2024). O desfecho de análise envolveu a efetividade das telas de proteção na redução de doenças transmitidas por mosquitos. Resultados: Foram encontradas 307 citações. Seis estudos (1 revisão sistemática e 5 ensaios clínicos) foram incluídos. Discussão: A maioria dos estudos envolveu a colocação de telas de proteção com inseticida, havendo evidência de alta certeza para redução de mortalidade por malária e redução na entrada de mosquitos nas habitações, mesmo com redes sem inseticida. Conclusões: Embora não haja robustez na evidência da efetividade das telas de proteção sem inseticidas contra mosquitos transmissores de doenças, o que demanda a necessidade de realização de novos estudos prospectivos, parece lícita e benéfica a utilização de telas de proteção em regiões endêmicas para doenças transmitidas por esses vetores.

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These videos, originally part of the Cochrane Learning Live webinar series, introduce the TRANSFER Approach for assessing the transferability of systematic review findings. The TRANSFER Approach is a novel approach for supporting collaboration between review authors and stakeholders from the beginning of the review process to systematically and transparently consider factors that may influence the transferability of systematic review findings. The first part of the presentation covers how the TRANSFER Approach was developed. Next, a case study is presented to illustrate how the TRANSFER Approach works in practice, and the six stages involved. The session was intended for beginner or experienced review authors and/or decision makers who regularly commission systematic reviews.

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IMPORTANCE:  Despite the potential of community-engaged implementation research (CEIR) in developing strategies to accelerate the translation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs), there is a noticeable knowledge gap in the current state of CEIR in occupational therapy. A synthesis of the concept, purpose, and operationalization of CEIR is necessary. OBJECTIVE:  To identify the contexts, purposes, and operationalization of CEIR, focusing on implementation strategies in occupational therapy. DATA SOURCES:  PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA COLLECTION:  We included studies that were explicit and intentional about CEIR and that focused on implementation strategies to support the translation of occupational therapy interventions, clinical guidelines, practice models, theories, or assessments. We extracted the research context (e.g., partners, recruitment), purpose (e.g., why community-engaged research was used), and operationalization (e.g., community engagement [CE] activities, how their findings inform the research) using thematic analysis. FINDINGS:  Of 3,219 records, 6 studies were included. Involved partners were mainly occupational therapy practitioners from existing networks. CEIR that focuses on implementation strategies informs various aspects of research design, ranging from study design to sustainability, by developing community-academia partnerships, building implementation capacity, and creating implementation strategies across diverse research areas. Current research has used various but mostly traditional CE activities (e.g., focus groups). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:  We synthesized evidence on CEIR focused on implementation strategies in occupational therapy. Intentional efforts are needed to collaborate with diverse partners, explore innovative CE activities, produce equitable outputs, and develop multilevel implementation strategies to accelerate the translation of EBIs into practice. Plain-Language Summary: In this review, we synthesize evidence on the contexts, purposes, and operationalization of community-engaged implementation research (CEIR), focusing on implementation strategies in occupational therapy research. We found that current implementation efforts mainly rely on occupational therapy practitioners as community partners and use traditional recruitment methods and community engagement activities. In turn, they develop implementation strategies that mainly target practitioners without comprehensive, multilevel implementation support. We suggest more equitable collaboration with diverse partners to effectively promote the implementation and dissemination of evidence-based interventions in occupational therapy practice.

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Implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) in clinical practice is an ongoing challenge for nurses. EQUIP-Evidence-based QUality Improvement Project- is a multiphase project aimed at equipping nurses with the essential skills to implement EBP and advanced nursing practice. EQUIP embraces the assumption that implementation science models and partnership models can facilitate the implementation process of EBP, leading to successful and sustainable change. The current study is one of the EQUIP feasibility investigations in which the perspective of 12 implementation lead nurses (IL nurses) who attended a 1-day PEACE-based workshop was explored. Thematic analysis identified 2 overarching themes, 6 themes, and 18 subthemes. The first overarching theme showed that the PEACE-based workshop has successfully achieved its intended training implications, and the second overarching theme gave insight into factors that may influence the role of IL nurses. IL nurses reported general satisfaction and willingness to use the PEACE model at work; however, some IL nurses found Step 3 difficult to apply. The study's findings provide evidence of the perceived usefulness of adopting the PEACE model as an augmented approach in the EQUIP and the interest and enthusiasm of IL nurses in receiving more training on the implementation process of EBP.

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PURPOSE: With the rapid development of China's social work sector, the increasing job pressures, and risks of professional burnout among social workers have become more prevalent. This study examined the relationship between Chinese social workers' attitudes toward evidence-based practice (EBP) and burnout, exploring the mediating mechanisms of evidence-based knowledge (EBK) and service quality perception (SQP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We applied PROCESS 4.2 macro in SPSS to analyze the data from 5,931 social workers, testing the sequential mediation effects of EBK and SQP between their attitudes toward EBP and burnout. RESULTS: The findings revealed: (1) Attitudes toward EBP had significant indirect positive effects on burnout; (2) EBK partially mediated the relationship between EBP attitude and burnout; (3) SQP partially mediated the relationship between attitudes toward EBP and burnout; (4) Attitudes toward EBP had a sequential mediated effect on burnout through EBK and SQP. DISCUSSION: The findings emphasize the need to implement targeted interventions and training programs to foster positive attitudes toward EBP, promote continuous professional development, and provide access to EBP resources. Moreover, nurturing EBK and SQP could help alleviate burnout by improving social workers' ability to address client issues and enhance their sense of confidence and accomplishment. CONCLUSION: This study fills a research gap by providing empirical evidence on the negative correlation between Chinese social workers' attitudes toward EBP and burnout, while demonstrating the mediating roles of EBK and SQP.

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PURPOSE: This study explores the application and extent of utilization of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) among rural social workers, identifying key factors such as attitudes, social pressures, and perceived barriers that influence its use. METHODS: Utilizing the Theory of Planned Behavior as a framework, this research involved a comprehensive survey targeting rural social workers. The survey assessed their attitudes toward EBP, the social pressures, and the barriers in implementing EBP. Data from 91 participants were analyzed using multiple regression to determine how these factors impact EBP utilization. RESULTS: The analysis indicated that while attitudes toward EBP did not significantly affect its use, perceived ease of use, social pressures, and practical barriers were significant predictors. Interestingly, the data showed that external factors like organizational support and resource availability played a larger role than personal attitudes in the adoption of EBP. The regression model successfully explained 39% of the variance in EBP usage among rural social workers. DISCUSSION: The findings underscore the importance of external over internal factors in the adoption of EBP within rural settings. The study suggests that improving access to EBP resources and enhancing organizational support could facilitate more effective use of EBP among rural social workers. CONCLUSION: Effective implementation of EBP in rural areas necessitates addressing both perceived and actual barriers. Developing strategies to enhance resource availability and organizational support is recommended to boost EBP adoption, ultimately aiming to improve service outcomes and client well-being.

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OBJECTIVE: To describe a new co-design framework termed Evidence-informed, Experience-based Co-design (E2CD). BACKGROUND: Involving consumers and clinicians in planning, designing and implementing services results in the end-product being more likely to meet the needs of end-users and increases the likelihood of their uptake and sustainability. Different forms and definitions of co-design have been described in the literature and have had varying levels of success in health service redesign. However, many fall short of including people with lived experience in all aspects of the process, particularly in setting priorities for service (re)design. In addition, health services need to deliver evidence-based care as well as care that meets the needs of users, yet few ways of integrating research evidence into co-design processes are described. This paper describes a new framework to approach co-design which addresses these issues. We believe that it offers a roadmap to address some of healthcare's most wicked problems and potentially improve outcomes for some of the most vulnerable people in our society. We use improving services for people with high healthcare service utilisation as a working example of the Framework's application. CONCLUSION: Evidence-informed experience-based co-design has the potential to be used as a framework for co-design that integrates research evidence with lived experience and provides people with lived experience a central role in decision-making about prioritising and designing services to meet their needs.

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BACKGROUND: Access to valid and reliable instruments is essential in the field of implementation science, where the measurement of factors associated with healthcare professionals' uptake of EBP is central. The Norwegian version of the Evidence-based practice profile questionnaire (EBP2-N) measures EBP constructs, such as EBP knowledge, confidence, attitudes, and behavior. Despite its potential utility, the EBP2-N requires further validation before being used in a cross-sectional survey targeting different healthcare professionals in Norwegian primary healthcare. This study assessed the content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency of the EBP2-N among Norwegian primary healthcare professionals. METHODS: To evaluate the content validity of the EBP2-N, we conducted qualitative individual interviews with eight healthcare professionals in primary healthcare from different disciplines. Qualitative data was analyzed using the "text summary" model, followed by panel group discussions, minor linguistic changes, and a pilot test of the revised version. To evaluate construct validity (structural validity) and internal consistency, we used data from a web-based cross-sectional survey among nurses, assistant nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists, medical doctors, and other professionals (n = 313). Structural validity was tested using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the original five-factor structure, and Cronbach's alpha was calculated to assess internal consistency. RESULTS: The qualitative interviews with primary healthcare professionals indicated that the content of the EBP2-N was perceived to reflect the constructs intended to be measured by the instrument. However, interviews revealed concerns regarding the formulation of some items, leading to minor linguistic revisions. In addition, several participants expressed that some of the most specific research terms in the terminology domain felt less relevant to them in clinical practice. CFA results exposed partial alignment with the original five-factor model, with the following model fit indices: CFI = 0.749, RMSEA = 0.074, and SRMR = 0.075. Cronbach's alphas ranged between 0.82 and 0.95 for all domains except for the Sympathy domain (0.69), indicating good internal consistency in four out of five domains. CONCLUSION: The EBP2-N is a suitable instrument for measuring Norwegian primary healthcare professionals' EBP knowledge, attitudes, confidence, and behavior. Although EBP2-N seems to be an adequate instrument in its current form, we recommend that future research focuses on further assessing the factor structure, evaluating the relevance of the items, and the number of items needed. REGISTRATION: Retrospectively registered (prior to data analysis) in OSF Preregistration. Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/428RP .

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Pelvic fractures significantly impact young individuals, with a prevalence of 20 per 100,000, leading to long-term complications such as chronic pain and genitourinary dysfunction. Notably, women with a history of pelvic fractures face increased cesarean section (C-sections) rates during childbirth. This editorial investigates the factors contributing to higher C-section rates in these women, including provider assumptions about delivery complications and systemic hospital biases. Despite these trends, evidence suggests that vaginal delivery can be successful, especially when considering factors like pelvic displacement and the timing of delivery post-fracture. We advocate for education programs to challenge provider biases, transparent patient communication, and evidence-based practices prioritizing patient-centered care. Addressing these issues can enhance maternal and fetal outcomes, supporting women in making informed decisions about their delivery options.

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