RESUMEN

Cervical cancer, a prevalent malignancy in the female reproductive tract, exhibits a high incidence. Existing evidence indicates a robust correlation between alterations in vaginal flora composition and the progression of cervical cancer. Nevertheless, there is a lack of clarity concerning the specific microorganisms within the vaginal microbiota that are linked to the onset and development of cervical cancer, as well as the mechanisms through which they exert carcinogenic effects. The 16 S ribosomal (rRNA) and metagenomic sequencing technology were used to analyze vaginal microorganisms, and screening for human papillomavirus (HPV) positive cervical cancer-associated microbial markers using fold change in mean bacterial abundance. Moreover, vaginal microenvironmental factors were detected, and the local vaginal inflammatory state in patients with cervical cancer was subjected to assay via qRT-PCR and ELISA. The hub inflammatory genes were screened by transcriptome sequencing after co-culture of bacteria and normal cervical epithelial cells, and an in vitro model was utilized to assess the impacts of inflammatory factors on cervical cancer. Both cervical cancer patients and HPV-positive patients showed significant changes in the composition of the vaginal flora, characterised by a decrease in the abundance of Lactobacillus and an increase in the abundance of a variety of anaerobic bacteria; The microbial sequencing identified Porphyromonas, Porphyromonas_asaccharolytica, and Porphyromonas_uenonis as microbial markers for HPV-associated cervical cancer. Vaginal inflammatory factors in patients with cervical cancer were overexpressed. After Porphyromonas_asaccharolytica intervention on cervical epithelial H8 cells, interleukin (IL)-1ß, a hub differential gene, markedly promoted tumor-associated biological behaviors at the in vitro cytological level in cervical cancer. This study for the first demonstrated that Porphyromonas, Porphyromonas_asaccharolytica, and Porphyromonas_uenonis could serve as novel microbial markers for cervical cancer. Moreover, Porphyromonas_asaccharolytica was identified as having the ability to induce the overexpression of inflammatory genes in cervical epithelial cells to create a favorable microenvironment for the onset and development of cervical cancer. The effects of dysbacteriosis on cervical cancer were microbiologically elucidated.

Asunto(s)

Interleucina-1beta , Microbiota , Porphyromonas , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Vagina , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/microbiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/virología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/genética , Vagina/microbiología , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Microbiota/genética , Adulto , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/microbiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones

RESUMEN

Introduction: Microbial community composition is closely associated with host disease onset and progression, underscoring the importance of understanding host-microbiota dynamics in various health contexts. Methods: In this study, we utilized full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing to conduct species-level identification of the microorganisms in the oral cavity of a giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) with oral malignant fibroma. Results: We observed a significant difference between the microbial community of the tumor side and non-tumor side of the oral cavity of the giant panda, with the latter exhibiting higher microbial diversity. The tumor side was dominated by specific microorganisms, such as Fusobacterium simiae, Porphyromonas sp. feline oral taxon 110, Campylobacter sp. feline oral taxon 100, and Neisseria sp. feline oral taxon 078, that have been reported to be associated with tumorigenic processes and periodontal diseases in other organisms. According to the linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis, more than 9 distinct biomarkers were obtained between the tumor side and non-tumor side samples. Furthermore, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that the oral microbiota of the giant panda was significantly associated with genetic information processing and metabolism, particularly cofactor and vitamin, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, a significant bacterial invasion of epithelial cells was predicted in the tumor side. Discussion: This study provides crucial insights into the association between oral microbiota and oral tumors in giant pandas and offers potential biomarkers that may guide future health assessments and preventive strategies for captive and aging giant pandas.

Asunto(s)

Campylobacter , Fusobacterium , Microbiota , Boca , Porphyromonas , ARN Ribosómico 16S , Ursidae , Ursidae/microbiología , Animales , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Porphyromonas/clasificación , Campylobacter/genética , Campylobacter/aislamiento & purificación , Campylobacter/clasificación , Boca/microbiología , Fusobacterium/genética , Fusobacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Fibroma/microbiología , Fibroma/veterinaria , Neisseria/aislamiento & purificación , Neisseria/genética , Neisseria/clasificación , Neoplasias de la Boca/microbiología , Neoplasias de la Boca/veterinaria , Neoplasias de la Boca/patología , Filogenia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN

RESUMEN

Periodontal diseases are among the most common bacterial-related pathologies affecting the oral cavity of dogs. Nevertheless, the canine oral ecosystem and its correlations with oral disease development are still far from being fully characterized. In this study, the species-level taxonomic composition of saliva and dental plaque microbiota of 30 healthy dogs was investigated through a shallow shotgun metagenomics approach. The obtained data allowed not only to define the most abundant and prevalent bacterial species of the oral microbiota in healthy dogs, including members of the genera Corynebacterium and Porphyromonas, but also to identify the presence of distinct compositional motifs in the two oral microniches as well as taxonomical differences between dental plaques collected from anterior and posterior teeth. Subsequently, the salivary and dental plaque microbiota of 18 dogs affected by chronic gingival inflammation and 18 dogs with periodontitis were compared to those obtained from the healthy dogs. This analysis allowed the identification of bacterial and metabolic biomarkers correlated with a specific clinical status, including members of the genera Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium as microbial biomarkers of a healthy and diseased oral status, respectively, and genes predicted to encode for metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties as metabolic biomarkers of a healthy status.

Asunto(s)

Bacterias , Biomarcadores , Placa Dental , Enfermedades de los Perros , Microbiota , Enfermedades Periodontales , Saliva , Animales , Perros , Saliva/microbiología , Placa Dental/microbiología , Enfermedades Periodontales/microbiología , Enfermedades Periodontales/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/microbiología , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Metagenómica , Boca/microbiología , Masculino

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to characterise the first complete genome of Porphyromonas pogonae strain PP01-1 of human origin in China. METHODS: The Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (200X coverage) and Nanopore MinION platforms (100× coverage) were used for genome sequencing. A de novo hybrid assembly of short Illumina reads and long MinION reads was performed using Unicycler (v.0.5.0). Genome annotation of PP01-1 was performed using the prokaryotic gene-prediction tool Prokka1.14.6. The genome was further analysed using several bioinformatics tools, including ResFinder, VFDB, VirulenceFinder, Type Strain Genome Server, AntiSMASH, PathogenFinder, MobileElementfinder, CRISPRFinder, and IslandViewer. RESULTS: The assembled circular genome of P. pogonae strain PP01-1 was 2 916 423 bp in length, with a GC content of 41.0%, and no plasmid sequence was detected. A total of 2399 coding sequences were predicted by Prokka. PP01-1 harbours antimicrobial resistance genes blaOXA-347 (ß-lactamase resistance), tet(Q) (tetracycline resistance), and floR (chloramphenicol and florfenicol resistance). CONCLUSIONS: Here, we are the first to report the complete genome of P. pogonae strain PP01-1 of human origin. In this strain, we first identified blaOXA-347 and tet(Q) in P. pogonae, which will pave the way for further analysis that could identify the potential mechanism of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in P. pogonae.

Asunto(s)

Genoma Bacteriano , Porphyromonas , Secuenciación Completa del Genoma , Humanos , Secuenciación Completa del Genoma/métodos , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , China , beta-Lactamasas/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones por Bacteroidaceae/microbiología , Cromosomas Bacterianos/genética , Composición de Base

RESUMEN

Salivary stones, known as sialoliths, form within the salivary ducts due to abnormal salivary composition and cause painful symptoms, for which surgical removal is the primary treatment. This study explored the role of the salivary microbial communities in the formation of sialoliths. We conducted a comparative analysis of microbial communities present in the saliva and salivary stones, and sequenced the 16S rRNA gene in samples obtained from patients with sialoliths and from healthy individuals. Although the diversity in the saliva was high, the essential features of the microbial environment in sialoliths were low diversity and evenness. The association of microbial abundance between stones and saliva revealed a positive correlation between Peptostreptococcus and Porphyromonas, and a negative correlation for Pseudomonas in saliva. The functional potential differences between saliva and stones Bacterial chemotaxis and the citrate cycle were negatively correlated with most genera found in salivary stone samples. However, the functions required for organic compound degradation did not differ between the saliva samples. Although some microbes were shared between the sialoliths and saliva, their compositions differed significantly. Our study presents a novel comparison between salivary stones and salivary microbiomes, suggesting potential preventive strategies against sialolithiasis.

Asunto(s)

Microbiota , ARN Ribosómico 16S , Saliva , Cálculos de las Glándulas Salivales , Humanos , Saliva/microbiología , Femenino , Masculino , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Cálculos de las Glándulas Salivales/microbiología , Anciano , Cálculos Salivales/microbiología , Peptostreptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Porphyromonas/genética

RESUMEN

Although anaerobic bacteria exist in abundance in cystic fibrosis (CF) airways, their role in disease progression is poorly understood. We hypothesized that the presence and relative abundance of the most prevalent, live, anaerobic bacteria in sputum of adults with CF were associated with adverse clinical outcomes. This is the first study to prospectively investigate viable anaerobic bacteria present in the sputum microbiota and their relationship with long-term outcomes in adults with CF. We performed 16S rRNA analysis using a viability quantitative PCR technique on sputum samples obtained from a prospective cohort of 70 adults with CF and collected clinical data over an 8 year follow-up period. We examined the associations of the ten most abundant obligate anaerobic bacteria present in the sputum with annual rate of FEV1 change. The presence of Porphyromonas pasteri and Prevotella nanceiensis were associated with a greater annual rate of FEV1 change; -52.3 ml yr-1 (95 % CI-87.7;-16.9), -67.9 ml yr-1 (95 % CI-115.6;-20.1), respectively. Similarly, the relative abundance of these live organisms were associated with a greater annual rate of FEV1 decline of -3.7 ml yr-1 (95 % CI: -6.1 to -1.3, P=0.003) and -5.3 ml yr-1 (95 % CI: -8.7 to -1.9, P=0.002) for each log2 increment of abundance, respectively. The presence and relative abundance of certain anaerobes in the sputum of adults with CF are associated with a greater rate of long-term lung function decline. The pathogenicity of anaerobic bacteria in the CF airways should be confirmed with further longitudinal prospective studies with a larger cohort of participants.

Asunto(s)

Fibrosis Quística , Microbiota , Porphyromonas , Prevotella , Adulto , Fibrosis Quística/complicaciones , Fibrosis Quística/microbiología , Humanos , Pulmón/fisiopatología , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Porphyromonas/patogenicidad , Prevotella/aislamiento & purificación , Prevotella/patogenicidad , Estudios Prospectivos , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Esputo/microbiología

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To undertake the first comprehensive evaluation of the urinary microbiota associated with Hunner lesion (HL) interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Despite no previous identification of a distinct IC/BPS microbial urotype, HL IC/BPS, an inflammatory subtype of IC/BPS, was hypothesized most likely to be associated with a specific bacterial species or microbial pattern. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: The bacterial microbiota of midstream urine specimens from HL IC/BPS and age- and gender-matched IC/BPS patients without HL (non-HL IC/BPS) were examined using the pan-bacterial domain clinical-level molecular diagnostic Pacific Biosciences full-length 16S gene sequencing protocol, informatics pipeline and database. We characterized the differential presence, abundances, and diversity of species, as well as gender-specific differences between and among HL and non-HL IC/BPS patients. RESULTS: A total of 59 patients with IC/BPS were enrolled (29 HL, 30 non-HL; 43 women, 16 men) from a single centre and the microbiota in midstream urine specimens was available for comparison. The species abundance differentiation between the HL and non-HL groups (12 species) was not significantly different after Bonferroni adjustments for multiple comparisons. Similarly, the nine differentiating species noted between female HL and non-HL patients were not significantly different after similar statistical correction. However, four species abundances (out of the 10 species differences identified prior to correction) remained significantly different between male HL and non-HL subjects: Negativicoccus succinivorans, Porphyromonas somerae, Mobiluncus curtisii and Corynebacterium renale. Shannon diversity metrics showed significantly higher diversity among HL male patients than HL female patients (P = 0.045), but no significant diversity differences between HL and non-HL patients overall. CONCLUSIONS: We were not able to identify a unique pathogenic urinary microbiota that differentiates all HL from all non-HL IC/BPS. It is likely that the male-specific differences resulted from colonization/contamination remote from the bladder. We were not able to show that bacteria play an important role in patients with HL IC/BPS.

Asunto(s)

Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Cistitis Intersticial/microbiología , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , Microbiota , Orina/microbiología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Corynebacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Cistitis Intersticial/orina , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mobiluncus/aislamiento & purificación , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Factores Sexuales , Veillonellaceae/aislamiento & purificación

RESUMEN

Porphyromonas species are Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli mainly involved in human periodontal diseases. We report an uncommon case of bacteremia due to P. asaccharolytica in a patient with necrotizing fasciitis. A 52-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus was admitted for an extensive necrotizing lesion on the left lower limb. After she developed septic shock, two sets of blood cultures were taken. Anaerobic bottles yielded a pure culture of a microorganism initially identified as P. uenonis by MALDI-TOF MS but with a low log score, and a gene sequencing technique was therefore applied, identifying the isolate as P. asaccharolytica. Only resistance to penicillin and clindamycin was documented. Treatment with meropenem was administered, and the patient was discharged following her recovery.

Asunto(s)

Bacteriemia/microbiología , Fascitis Necrotizante/microbiología , Porphyromonas/fisiología , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Bacteriemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Fascitis Necrotizante/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Porphyromonas/efectos de los fármacos , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to characterize cervical microbiome feature of reproductive-age women in the progression of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) to cervical cancer. METHODS: We characterized the 16S rDNA cervical mucus microbiome in 94 participants (age from 18 to 52), including 13 cervical cancer (CA), 31 high-grade SIL (HSIL), 10 low-grade SIL (LSIL), 12 HPV-infected (NH) patients and 28 healthy controls (NN). Alpha (within sample) diversity was examined by Shannon and Simpson index, while Beta (between sample) diversity by principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) of weighted Unifrac distances. Relative abundance of microbial taxa was compared using Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe). Co-occurrence analysis was performed to identify correlation among marker genera, and Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) to explore functional features and pathways of cervical microbiota. RESULTS: Alpha diversity(p < 0.05) was higher in severer cervical pathology with lower relative abundance of Lactobacillus as well as higher of anaerobes. Beta diversity (p < 0.01) was significantly different. Marker genera were identified including Porphyromonas, Prevotella and Campylobacter of CA and Sneathia of HSIL. The correlation of differential functional pathways with Prevotella was opposite to that with Lactobacillus. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests differences in cervical microbiota diversity and relative abundance of reproductive-age females in different stages of cervical carcinogenesis. Marker genera might participate in the lesion progression and will be helpful for diagnosis, prevention and treatment. These findings may lead the way to further study of the cervical microbiome in development of cervical cancer.

Asunto(s)

Cuello del Útero/microbiología , Microbiota/genética , Lesiones Intraepiteliales Escamosas de Cuello Uterino/microbiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/microbiología , Adulto , Campylobacter/genética , Campylobacter/aislamiento & purificación , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Cuello del Útero/patología , ADN Bacteriano/aislamiento & purificación , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Lactobacillus/genética , Lactobacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Persona de Mediana Edad , Filogenia , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Prevotella/genética , Prevotella/aislamiento & purificación , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Lesiones Intraepiteliales Escamosas de Cuello Uterino/diagnóstico , Lesiones Intraepiteliales Escamosas de Cuello Uterino/patología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/diagnóstico , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/patología , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

Macropod progressive periodontal disease (MPPD) is a necrotizing, polymicrobial, inflammatory disease commonly diagnosed in captive macropods. MPPD is characterized by gingivitis associated with dental plaque formation, which progresses to periodontitis and then to osteomyelitis of the mandible or maxilla. However, the underlying microbial causes of this disease remain poorly understood. In this study, we collected 27 oral plaque samples and associated clinical records from 22 captive Macropodidae and Potoroidae individuals that were undergoing clinical examination at Adelaide and Monarto Zoos in South Australia (15 healthy, 7 gingivitis and 5 periodontitis-osteomyelitis samples). The V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was sequenced using an Illumina Miseq to explore links between MPPD and oral bacteria in these animals. Compositional differences were detected between the microbiota of periodontitis-osteomyelitis cases compared to healthy samples (p-value with Bonferroni correction < 0.01), as well as gingivitis cases compared to healthy samples (p-value with Bonferroni correction < 0.05) using Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA). An overabundance of Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, and Bacteroides taxa was also identified in animals with MPPD compared to healthy individuals using linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe; p = < 0.05). An increased abundance of Desulfomicrobium also was detected in MPPD samples (LEfSe; p < 0.05), which could potentially reflect differences in disease progression. This is the first microbiota analysis of MPPD in captive macropods, and these results support a polymicrobial pathogenesis of MPPD, suggesting that the microbial interactions underpinning MPPD may be more complex than previously documented.

Asunto(s)

Bacteroides/aislamiento & purificación , Placa Dental/veterinaria , Fusobacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Gingivitis/veterinaria , Macropodidae/microbiología , Microbiota , Periodontitis/veterinaria , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Potoroidae/microbiología , Animales , Animales de Zoológico/microbiología , Biodiversidad , Coinfección , Placa Dental/microbiología , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Gingivitis/microbiología , Enfermedades Mandibulares/microbiología , Enfermedades Mandibulares/veterinaria , Enfermedades Maxilares/microbiología , Enfermedades Maxilares/veterinaria , Osteomielitis/microbiología , Osteomielitis/veterinaria , Periodontitis/microbiología , Australia del Sur

RESUMEN

To date, much progress has been made in dietary therapy for obese patients. A low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) has reached a revival in its clinical use during the past decade with undefined mechanisms and debatable efficacy. The gut microbiota has been suggested to promote energy harvesting. Here, we propose that the gut microbiota contributes to the inconsistent outcome under an LCD. To test this hypothesis, patients with obesity or patients who were overweight were randomly assigned to a normal diet (ND) or an LCD group with ad libitum energy intake for 12 weeks. Using matched sampling, the microbiome profile at baseline and end stage was examined. The relative abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria, including Porphyromonadaceae Parabacteroides and Ruminococcaceae Oscillospira, was markedly increased after LCD intervention for 12 weeks. Moreover, within the LCD group, participants with a higher relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae Bacteroides at baseline exhibited a better response to LCD intervention and achieved greater weight loss outcomes. Nevertheless, the adoption of an artificial neural network (ANN)-based prediction model greatly surpasses a general linear model in predicting weight loss outcomes after LCD intervention. Therefore, the gut microbiota served as a positive outcome predictor and has the potential to predict weight loss outcomes after short-term LCD intervention. Gut microbiota may help to guide the clinical application of short-term LCD intervention to develop effective weight loss strategies. (This study has been registered at the China Clinical Trial Registry under approval no. ChiCTR1800015156). IMPORTANCE Obesity and its related complications pose a serious threat to human health. Short-term low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) intervention without calorie restriction has a significant weight loss effect for overweight/obese people. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Bacteroidaceae Bacteroides is a positive outcome predictor of individual weight loss after short-term LCD intervention. Moreover, leveraging on these distinct gut microbial structures at baseline, we have established a prediction model based on the artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm that could be used to estimate weight loss potential before each clinical trial (with Chinese patent number 2021104655623). This will help to guide the clinical application of short-term LCD intervention to improve weight loss strategies.

Asunto(s)

Dieta Baja en Carbohidratos/métodos , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiología , Obesidad/dietoterapia , Porphyromonas/metabolismo , Ruminococcus/metabolismo , Adulto , Bacteroidetes/clasificación , Bacteroidetes/aislamiento & purificación , Bacteroidetes/metabolismo , Peso Corporal , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Ruminococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Pérdida de Peso , Programas de Reducción de Peso/métodos , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

Diagnosis and treatment of various diseases in Ayurveda, the Indian system of medicine, relies on 'prakriti' phenotyping of individuals into predominantly three constitutions, kapha, pitta and vata. Recent studies propose that microbiome play an integral role in precision medicine. A study of the relationship between prakriti - the basis of personalized medicine in Ayurveda and that of gut microbiome, and possible biomarker of an individual's health, would vastly improve precision therapy. Towards this, we analyzed bacterial metagenomes from buccal (oral microbiome) and fecal (gut microbiome) samples of 272 healthy individuals of various predominant prakritis. Major bacterial genera from gut microbiome included Prevotella, Bacteroides and Dialister while oral microbiome included Streptococcus, Neisseria, Veilonella, Haemophilus, Porphyromonas and Prevotella. Though the core microbiome was shared across all individuals, we found prakriti specific signatures such as preferential presence of Paraprevotella and Christensenellaceae in vata individuals. A comparison of core gut microbiome of each prakriti with a database of 'healthy' microbes identified microbes unique to each prakriti with functional roles similar to the physiological characteristics of various prakritis as described in Ayurveda. Our findings provide evidence to Ayurvedic interventions based on prakriti phenotyping and possible microbial biomarkers that can stratify the heterogenous population and aid in precision therapy.

Asunto(s)

Medicina Ayurvédica/métodos , Metagenoma , Medicina de Precisión/métodos , Simbiosis/fisiología , Adulto , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Bacteroides/clasificación , Bacteroides/genética , Bacteroides/aislamiento & purificación , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Heces/microbiología , Femenino , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética , Haemophilus/clasificación , Haemophilus/genética , Haemophilus/aislamiento & purificación , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Masculino , Boca/microbiología , Neisseria/clasificación , Neisseria/genética , Neisseria/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , Porphyromonas/clasificación , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Prevotella/clasificación , Prevotella/genética , Prevotella/aislamiento & purificación , Streptococcus/clasificación , Streptococcus/genética , Streptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Veillonella/clasificación , Veillonella/genética , Veillonella/aislamiento & purificación , Veillonellaceae/clasificación , Veillonellaceae/genética , Veillonellaceae/aislamiento & purificación

RESUMEN

Anaerobes form a large part of microbial communities, and have begun to be specifically studied in both healthy and pathologic contexts. Porphyromonas is one of the top ten anaerobic taxa in the microbiome (anaerobiome) in healthy subjects. However, to date, most studies focused on the deleterious role of P. gingivalis, the most widely described species. Interestingly, targeted metagenomics reveals Porphyromonas other than gingivalis (POTG), highlighting other species such as P. catoniae or P. pasteri as potential biomarkers in disease progression or pathogen colonization susceptibility. From the sparse data, it appears that the Porphyromonas genus may also be a relevant target of investigation in several pulmonary diseases. Moreover, deciphering cutaneous, gastric and oral microbiomes hint that Porphyromonas may be a genus of interest in non-pulmonary diseases. This review aims to summarize the major data on POTG and to report their impact on the various human microbiomes in different clinical states.

Asunto(s)

Infecciones por Bacteroidaceae/microbiología , Microbiota , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Filogenia , Porphyromonas/clasificación , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/crecimiento & desarrollo

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Dental implants have become well-established in oral rehabilitation for fully or partially edentulous patients. However, peri-implantitis often leads to the failure of dental implants. The aim of this study was to understand the core microbiome associated with peri-implantitis and evaluate potential peri-implantitis pathogens based on canine peri-implantitis model. RESULTS: In this study, three beagle dogs were used to build peri-implantitis models with ligature-induced strategy. The peri-implant sulcular fluids were collected at four different phases based on disease severity during the peri-implantitis development. Microbial compositions during peri-implantitis development were monitored and evaluated. The microbes were presented with operational taxonomic unit (OTU) classified at 97% identity of the high-throughput 16S rRNA gene fragments. Microbial diversity and richness varied during peri-implantitis. At the phylum-level, Firmicutes decreased and Bacteroides increased during peri-implantitis development. At the genus-level, Peptostreptococcus decreased and Porphyromonas increased, suggesting peri-implantitis pathogens might be assigned to these two genera. Further species-level and co-occurrence network analyses identified several potential keystone species during peri-implantitis development, and some OTUs were potential peri-implantitis pathogens. CONCLUSION: In summary, canine peri-implantitis models help to identify several potential keystone peri-implantitis associated species. The canine model can give insight into human peri-implantitis associated microbiota.

Asunto(s)

Interfase Hueso-Implante/microbiología , Implantes Dentales/microbiología , Microbiota/genética , Periimplantitis/microbiología , Animales , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Bacteroides/clasificación , Bacteroides/genética , Bacteroides/aislamiento & purificación , Interfase Hueso-Implante/patología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Perros , Firmicutes/clasificación , Firmicutes/genética , Firmicutes/aislamiento & purificación , Variación Genética , Humanos , Ligadura/efectos adversos , Masculino , Peptostreptococcus/clasificación , Peptostreptococcus/genética , Peptostreptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Periimplantitis/etiología , Periimplantitis/patología , Filogenia , Porphyromonas/clasificación , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Spirochaeta/clasificación , Spirochaeta/genética , Spirochaeta/aislamiento & purificación

RESUMEN

Infectious process even at the initial stage after aerosol infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis induced rapid changes in vaginal microbiota in mice. Rapid decrease in both the quantity and diversity of microbiota was noted, and then, partial recovery of normal flora was observed. Changes in vaginal microbiota was detected as soon as in 3-7 days after lung infection, while inflammatory changes appeared by day 35. At the early stage of infection, no signs of inflammation were observed, neither M. tuberculosis nor its DNA were detected in mouse genital organs.

Asunto(s)

Disbiosis/microbiología , Pulmón/microbiología , Microbiota , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/patogenicidad , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/microbiología , Vagina/microbiología , Animales , Carga Bacteriana , Clostridium/aislamiento & purificación , Disbiosis/patología , Eubacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Femenino , Inflamación , Pulmón/patología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/fisiología , Peptostreptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Prevotella/aislamiento & purificación , Streptococcus/aislamiento & purificación , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/patología

RESUMEN

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infections are the primary cause of morbi-mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this cohort study, the objective was to identify candidate biomarkers of P. aeruginosa infection within the airway microbiota. Methods: A 3-year prospective multicentre study (PYOMUCO study) was conducted in Western France and included patients initially P. aeruginosa free for at least 1 year. A 16S-targeted metagenomics approach was applied on iterative sputum samples of a first set of patients (n=33). The composition of airway microbiota was compared according to their P. aeruginosa status at the end of the follow-up (colonised vs non-colonised), and biomarkers associated with P. aeruginosa were screened. In a second step, the distribution of a candidate biomarker according to the two groups of patients was verified by qPCR on a second set of patients (n=52) coming from the same cohort and its load quantified throughout the follow-up. Results: Porphyromonas (mainly P. catoniae) was found to be an enriched phylotype in patients uninfected by P. aeruginosa (p<0.001). This result was confirmed by quantitative PCR. Conversely, in patients who became P. aeruginosa-positive, P. catoniae significantly decreased before P. aeruginosa acquisition (p=0.014). Discussion: Further studies on replication cohorts are needed to validate this potential predictive biomarker, which may be relevant for the follow-up in the early years of patients with CF. The identification of infection candidate biomarkers may offer new strategies for CF precision medicine.

Asunto(s)

Fibrosis Quística/complicaciones , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/diagnóstico , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/aislamiento & purificación , Mucosa Respiratoria/microbiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Biomarcadores , Niño , Fibrosis Quística/inmunología , ADN Bacteriano/aislamiento & purificación , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Francia , Humanos , Masculino , Metagenómica , Microbiota/genética , Microbiota/inmunología , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/inmunología , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/etiología , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/microbiología , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/inmunología , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Esputo/microbiología , Simbiosis/inmunología , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is an independent risk factor for hypertension (HTN). The oral microbiota plays a pathophysiological role in cardiovascular diseases; however, there are few reports directly investigating and identifying the organisms involved in OSAHS-related HTN. Therefore, this study aimed to identify those organisms. We obtained 139 oral samples and determined the microbiome composition using pyrosequencing and bioinformatic analyses of the 16S rRNA. We examined the fasting levels of cytokines and homocysteine in all participants and analyzed the correlations between the oral microbiota and homocysteine levels. We determined the molecular mechanism underlying HTN by investigating the genetic composition of the strains in the blood. We detected higher relative abundances of Porphyromonas and Aggregatibacter and elevated proinflammatory cytokines in patients with OSAHS of varying severity compared with individuals without OSAHS; however, the two organisms were not measured in the blood samples from all participants. High levels of specific Porphyromonas bacteria were detected in patients with OSAHS with and without HTN, whereas the relative abundance of Aggregatibacter was negatively correlated with the homocysteine level. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of controls and patients with OSAHS resulted in area under the curve values of 0.759 and 0.641 for patients with OSAHS with or without HTN, respectively. We found that the predictive function of oral microbiota was different in patients with OSAHS with and without HTN. However, there was no direct invasion by the two organisms causing endothelial cell injury, leading to speculation regarding the other mechanisms that may lead to HTN. Elucidating the differences in the oral microbiome will help us understand the pathogenesis of OSAHS-related HTN.

Asunto(s)

Aggregatibacter/aislamiento & purificación , Hipertensión/microbiología , Microbiota , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/complicaciones , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Citocinas/sangre , Femenino , Homocisteína/sangre , Humanos , Hipertensión/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Boca/microbiología , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño/sangre

RESUMEN

Late complications in ascending aortic surgeries are uncommon and may occur by infectious processes, usually caused by gram positive bacteria. We report a case of aortic prosthesis infection by Porphyromonas pogonae, an anaerobic gram-negative coccobacillus that can grow under microaerobic conditions, three years after ascending aortic reconstruction surgery.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedades de la Aorta/diagnóstico , Enfermedades de la Aorta/patología , Infecciones por Bacteroidaceae/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Bacteroidaceae/patología , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/diagnóstico , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/patología , Enfermedades de la Aorta/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacteroidaceae/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacterias Grampositivas , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/microbiología

RESUMEN

Porphyromonas gulae, an animal periodontal pathogen, possess fimbriae classified into three genotypes (A-C) based on the diversity of fimA genes encoding FimA. Accumulating evidence suggests that P. gulae strains with type C fimbriae are more virulent as compared to those with other types. The ability of these organisms to adhere to and invade gingival epithelial cells has yet to be examined. P. gulae showed the greatest levels of adhesion and invasion at a multiplicity of infection of 100 for 90 min. P. gulae type C and some type B strains invaded gingival epithelial cells at significantly greater levels than the other strains, at the same level of efficiency as P. gingivalis with type II fimbriae. Adhesion and invasion of gingival epithelial cells by P. gulae were inhibited by cytochalasin D and sodium azide, indicating the requirements of actin polymerization and energy metabolism for those activities. Invasion within gingival epithelial cells was blocked by staurosporine, whereas those inhibitors showed little effects on adhesion, while nocodazole and cycloheximide had negligible effects on either adhesion or invasion. P. gulae proteases were found to be essential for adhesion and invasion of gingival epithelial cells, while its DNA and RNA, and protein synthesis were unnecessary for those activities. Additionally, α5ß1 integrin antibodies significantly inhibited adhesion and invasion by P. gulae. This is the first report to characterize P. gulae adhesion and invasion of human gingival epithelial cells.

Asunto(s)

Adhesión Bacteriana , Infecciones por Bacteroidaceae/microbiología , Células Epiteliales/microbiología , Fimbrias Bacterianas/microbiología , Encía/microbiología , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Células Epiteliales/citología , Encía/citología , Humanos , Integrina alfa5beta1/metabolismo

RESUMEN

The imbalance of human gut microbiota has been associated with colorectal cancer. In recent years, metagenomics research has provided a large amount of scientific data enabling us to study the dedicated roles of gut microbes in the onset and progression of cancer. We removed unrelated and redundant features during feature selection by mutual information. We then trained a random forest classifier on a large metagenomics dataset of colorectal cancer patients and healthy people assembled from published reports and extracted and analysed the information from the learned decision trees. We identified key microbial species associated with colorectal cancers. These microbes included Porphyromonasasaccharolytica, Peptostreptococcusstomatis, Fusobacterium,Parvimonas sp., Streptococcusvestibularis and Flavonifractorplautii. We obtained the optimal splitting abundance thresholds for these species to distinguish between healthy and colorectal cancer samples. This extracted consensus decision tree may be applied to the diagnosis of colorectal cancers.

Asunto(s)

Algoritmos , Neoplasias Colorrectales/microbiología , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Metagenoma , Firmicutes/genética , Firmicutes/aislamiento & purificación , Fusobacterium/genética , Fusobacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Porphyromonas/genética , Porphyromonas/aislamiento & purificación , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN/métodos