RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Activation of the IL-33/ST2 axis leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and thus to the triggering of osteoclastogenesis, which is why it plays an important role in the immunopathogenesis of periodontitis. The aim of this study was to compare IL-33 levels in serum, plasma, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of subjects with chronic periodontitis (CP) in comparison with the control group (CG). METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/YHUWA . Six electronic databases were used for study identification; PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus and Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source from March 10, 2012 to April 30, 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool was used to assess the quality of the included cross-sectional articles and clinical trials. RESULTS: Of the 949 articles identified, 14 were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The total number of individuals studied in the included investigations was 814 of whom 445 had CP and 369 were healthy. The reported age range was from 20 to 50 years, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 40.29 ± 7.83 years. Four hundred and twenty-six (52%) patients were men and 388 (48%) were women. Meta-analysis revealed that there is an increase in IL-33 levels in plasma, saliva and GCF of subjects with CP compared to CG (p = * < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study found a significant increase in IL-33 levels in different biological samples (plasma, saliva and GCF) of individuals with CP compared to CG, thus IL-33 has potential to be a biomarker in the diagnosis of periodontitis.
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Interleucina-33 , Humanos , Interleucina-33/sangre , Interleucina-33/metabolismo , Líquido del Surco Gingival/metabolismo , Periodontitis/metabolismo , Periodontitis/sangre , Periodontitis Crónica/metabolismo , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Saliva/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The presence of a polymicrobial dysbiotic film in direct and constant contact with periodontal tissues initiates the host immune response. Interleukin 18 (IL-18) triggers up-regulates the production of other proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6), creating a vicious cycle that expands the inflammatory and destructive process in the periodontal tissue. A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out with the main propose to investigate IL-18 expression in different biological samples from subjects with chronic periodontitis. METHODS: The protocol followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BS9GM . A digital search was conducted in the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source databases were consulted from March 15th, 2005 to February 10th, 2023. Study quality was assessed using the JBI tool for cross-sectional studies and clinical trials. A meta-analysis was performed using a random/fixed effects model to evaluate the concentration of IL-18 in serum, plasma, saliva, gingival tissue and GCF of exposure group compared to control group. RESULTS: The search strategy provided a total of 3,156 articles, of which 18 investigations met the inclusion criteria and 15 articles were quantitatively analyzed. The total number of patients studied was 1,275 (682 cases and 593 controls). The meta-analysis revealed significantly elevated IL-18 levels of serum, saliva and GCF of subjects with chronic periodontitis compared to healthy subjects (Serum: SMD = 62.73, 95%CI: 25.43-100.03, Z = 3.29, p = 0.001*; Saliva: SMD = 243.63, 95%CI: 8.68-478.59, Z = 2.03, p = 0.042*; GCF: SMD = 150.26, 95%CI: 56.86-243.66, Z = 3.15, p = 0.02*). CONCLUSION: IL-18 levels in serum, saliva and GCF could have the potential to be used as complementary diagnostic tools to the clinical and radiographic parameters in subjects with periodontitis.
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Periodontitis Crónica , Interleucina-18 , Humanos , Interleucina-18/sangre , Interleucina-18/análisis , Interleucina-18/metabolismo , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Periodontitis Crónica/metabolismo , Periodontitis Crónica/inmunología , Líquido del Surco Gingival/química , Líquido del Surco Gingival/inmunologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of chronic periodontitis on the quality of life and severity of the disease in patients with bronchiectasis. METHODS: A total of 80 bronchiectasis patients admitted to The Fourth Hospital of Changsha between April 2021 and April 2023 were randomly selected. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they had moderate to severe chronic periodontitis: bronchiectasis with periodontitis group (n=45) and bronchiectasis without periodontitis group (n=35). The Qualify of Life Questionnaire for Bronchiectasi(QoL-B) was used to assess patients' quality. The severity of the disease was assessed using the Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI), and serum levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-alpha), and interleukin-6(IL-6) were detected. SPSS 20.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The QoL-B score of bronchiectasis with periodontitis group was significantly lower than that of bronchiectasis without periodontitis group, and the BSI score was significantly higher than that of bronchiectasis without periodontitis group(Pï¼0.05). The levels of hs-CRP, TNF-alpha and IL-6 in bronchiectasis with periodontitis were significantly higher than those in bronchiectasis without periodontitis group(Pï¼0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic periodontitis shows significant adverse effects on both quality of life and disease severity in patients with bronchiectasis, which may be related to the common mechanism of inflammatory response between the two kinds of diseases.
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Bronquiectasia , Proteína C-Reactiva , Periodontitis Crónica , Interleucina-6 , Calidad de Vida , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa , Humanos , Bronquiectasia/psicología , Periodontitis Crónica/psicología , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Interleucina-6/sangre , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Masculino , FemeninoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Chronic periodontitis (CP) and allergic rhinitis (AR) have attracted wide attention as global public health problems with high incidence. Recent studies have shown that circulating interleukin-27 (IL-27) is associated with the risk of CP and AR. The aim of this study is to analyze the causal effect between them using Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS: Bidirectional MR analyses were performed with the use of publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. Summary data on circulating IL-27, CP, and AR published in genome-wide association studies were collected. Instrumental variables (IV) were extracted using assumptions of correlation, independence and exclusivity as criteria. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used as the main method, combined with weighted median method (WM) and MR-Egger and other MR Analysis methods for causal inference of exposure and outcome. Cochran's Q and MR-Egger intercept were used for sensitivity analysis. RESULTS: The IVW study showed a causal effect between increased circulating IL-27 levels and increased risk of CP (OR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.02-1.26, p = .020). Similarly, the increase of circulating IL-27 level had a causal effect on the decreased risk of AR (OR = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.80-0.97, p = .012). In addition, IVW study found that there was a causal between the increased risk of CP and circulating IL-27 level (OR = 1.05, 95%CI = 1.01-1.10, p = .016). However, there was no significant causal relationship between the risk of AR and circulating IL-27 levels (OR = 0.97, 95%CI = 0.91-1.02, p = .209). no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found in sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSIONS: There is a causal effect between circulating IL-27 level and CP, AR, which will help to find new ideas and methods for the diagnosis and treatment of CP and AR.
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Periodontitis Crónica , Estudio de Asociación del Genoma Completo , Análisis de la Aleatorización Mendeliana , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Rinitis Alérgica , Humanos , Rinitis Alérgica/genética , Rinitis Alérgica/sangre , Rinitis Alérgica/epidemiología , Rinitis Alérgica/inmunología , Periodontitis Crónica/genética , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Periodontitis Crónica/diagnóstico , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Interleucinas/genética , Interleucinas/sangre , Factores de Riesgo , Interleucina-27/sangre , Interleucina-27/genéticaRESUMEN
AIM: Chronic periodontitis leads to gingival swelling, hyperplasia, and tooth mobility, which affects orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the application of cefaclor in orthodontics through micro-implant anchorage in patients with periodontitis. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with periodontitis who received micro-implant anchorage treatment in the department of orthodontics at the First People's Hospital of Yongkang City from July 2019 to January 2022. According to different treatment regimens, these patients were divided into the test group (patients receiving cefaclor and micro-implant anchorage treatment) and the control group (patients receiving micro-implant anchorage treatment only). The plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), and serum inflammatory factor levels were compared between the two groups after treatment. RESULTS: One hundred and five patients were included in the study, (44 males and 61 females, median age 21 [15-25] years), 51 in the cefaclor group and 54 in the no cefaclor group. After treatment, the PLI, GI, and SBI scores in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and the levels of serum inflammatory markers significantly increased (p < 0.05). After treatment, the PLI, GI, and SBI scores in the test group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.001). The levels of serum interleukin-1ß, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly lower in the test group, and the interleukin-2 level was higher in the test group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Cefaclor and micro-implant anchorage have a good clinical effect on orthodontics in patients with periodontitis, improving periodontal health and reducing inflammatory response.
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Cefaclor , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto , Cefaclor/uso terapéutico , Adulto Joven , Adolescente , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Métodos de Anclaje en Ortodoncia , Índice Periodontal , Periodontitis Crónica/complicaciones , Periodontitis Crónica/terapia , Periodontitis Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Implantes DentalesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess and compare the concentrations of growth factors, white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets in injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) derived from people with healthy periodontal conditions and those with chronic periodontitis. METHODS: Venous blood samples were obtained from 30 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis (test group) and 30 participants with healthy periodontal conditions (control group). The i-PRF was then acquired from centrifuged blood. The growth factors (VEGF, IGF-1, TGF-ß1, PDGF-BB and EGF) released from the i-PRF samples were compared between groups with ELISA testing. The amounts of WBCs and platelets were also compared. RESULTS: No significant differences in the concentrations of growth factors were found between the groups (the mean values for the control and test groups were, respectively: IGF: 38.82, 42.46; PDGF: 414.25, 466.28; VEGF: 375.69, 412.18; TGF-ß1: 21.50, 26.21; EGF: 138.62, 154.82). The test group exhibited a significantly higher WBC count than the control group (8.80 vs. 6.60, respectively). However, the platelet count did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups (control group 242.0 vs. test group 262.50). No significant correlation was observed between WBC count and growth factor level in either group. CONCLUSIONS: The growth factor levels in i-PRFs did not exhibit significant difference between the two groups. This suggests that the levels of these growth factors may be unaffected by the periodontal disease.
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Periodontitis Crónica , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intercelular , Fibrina Rica en Plaquetas , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1 , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular , Humanos , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Proyectos Piloto , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/sangre , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/análisis , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intercelular/sangre , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intercelular/análisis , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1/sangre , Factor de Crecimiento Epidérmico/sangre , Factor de Crecimiento Epidérmico/análisis , Recuento de Leucocitos , Becaplermina/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Plaquetas/metabolismo , InyeccionesRESUMEN
AIM: This study aimed to estimate and correlate the serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of caspase-3 and milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) in healthy, gingivitis and generalised chronic periodontitis subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 24 subjects were selected and divided into three groups. After recording the periodontal parameters (plaque index (PI), modified gingival index (MGI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL)), the serum and GCF samples were collected and the levels of caspase-3 and MFG-E8 were estimated using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). RESULTS: The mean values of PI, MGI, PD and CALs were significantly higher in group III when compared to group II and group I. The mean value of serum and GCF caspase-3 increased with increasing disease severity, whereas the mean serum and GCF values of MFG-E8 decreased with increasing severity of disease. Spearman's correlation showed a strong positive correlation between the serum and GCF levels of caspase-3 and periodontal parameters, whereas serum and GCF levels of MFG-E8 showed a strong negative correlation with the periodontal parameters. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study are suggestive that the serum and GCF levels of caspase-3 and MFG-E8 could serve as a potential biomarker for the role of apoptosis in periodontal disease. However, further studies are required to explore the mechanism and understand the relationship between these apoptotic markers and periodontitis.
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Caspasa 3 , Periodontitis Crónica , Líquido del Surco Gingival , Gingivitis , Proteínas de la Leche , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antígenos de Superficie/análisis , Antígenos de Superficie/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Biomarcadores/análisis , Caspasa 3/sangre , Caspasa 3/análisis , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Periodontitis Crónica/metabolismo , Índice de Placa Dental , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Líquido del Surco Gingival/química , Líquido del Surco Gingival/enzimología , Gingivitis/sangre , Gingivitis/metabolismo , Proteínas de la Leche/análisis , Índice PeriodontalRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: The role of cognitive, social and biological factors in the etiology of chronic periodontitis has been reported.The aim of this study was to evaluate the salivary cortisol level and interleukin-1 B level in patients of Chronic periodontitis in smokers and stress and nonsmokers without stress.The design of study randomized, prospective, double-blinded, and prospective study.The total sample size was comprised of 600 subjects between the ages of 20 and 50 years. The sample size was divided into 300 males and 300 females. Out of 600 subjects, 200 subjects comprised of subjects with chronic periodontitis with positive depression level with a history of smoking (Group I), 200 subjects comprised of subjects with chronic periodontitis without depression and without smoking (Group II), and 200 subjects who were taken as the control group comprised of healthy subjects without chronic periodontitis, without depression level, and no smoking history (Group III). Salivary cortisol levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The result showed that there was a positive correlation between morning and evening salivary cortisol level in all the groups with correlation coefficient. There was significant higher value of salivary cortisol in Group I patients when compared with Group II and Group III. However, when the comparison of salivary cortisol levels was done between the Group II and Control group, the result showed nonsignificant P value.It is suggested that stress is positively correlated with the salivary cortisol levels in smokers and nonsmokers.
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Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Hidrocortisona/análisis , Interleucina-1beta/análisis , Adulto , Biomarcadores/análisis , Biomarcadores/sangre , Periodontitis Crónica/diagnóstico , Periodontitis Crónica/epidemiología , Femenino , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/sangre , Interleucina-1beta/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Saliva/enzimología , Fumar/efectos adversos , Fumar/epidemiología , Fumar/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico/psicologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study explores the association between chronic periodontitis and renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS: An observational study was conducted in 169 T2DM patients with chronic periodontitis. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to presence of normal renal function (n=111) and renal dysfunction (n=58), and oral health behavior-related variables were obtained by questionnaire. Periodontal status was examined, and pocket probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding index (BI) were measured. RESULTS: The severe periodontitis group had a significant higher HbA1c level (8.53 ± 1.61%) as compared with the mild and moderate periodontitis groups (7.68±1.58%) and (7.35±1.45%), P=0.001. Compared with patients with normal renal function, patients with renal dysfunction had a higher PD value, higher CAL value, fewer remaining teeth, and were less likely to have remaining teeth ≥20. The percentage of sites with PD ≥4 mm (52.8% vs. 41.67%) was significantly greater in patients with renal dysfunction. There was no difference in the scores of oral health knowledge assessment between the 2 groups. After adjustment by gender, age, BMI, smoking, hypertension, and HbA1c, the percentage of the sites with PD≥4 mm was an independent risk factor of renal dysfunction in T2DM patients. CONCLUSION: In patients with T2DM, those with periodontitis may be more susceptible to decreased kidney function.
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Periodontitis Crónica/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiología , Nefropatías Diabéticas/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Periodontitis Crónica/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Nefropatías Diabéticas/sangre , Nefropatías Diabéticas/etiología , Femenino , Hemoglobina Glucada , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
microRNA dysregulation is a reported feature of multiple pathologies, including periodontal disease, as demonstrated on cell lines, in animal models, and tissues biopsies, but serum and gingival crevicular fluid microRNA expression data in humans is scarce, especially with the diabetes (type 2) systemic complication. OBJECTIVE: To assess serum and gingival crevicular fluid relative quantification levels of miR-223, miR-203, and miR-200b in chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetic chronic periodontitis patients to address their possible implication in chronic periodontitis pathogenesis and its systemic complications and also to correlate their differential expression with some inflammatory (serum tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-10) parameters. METHODS: Sixty subjects were recruited and divided into three groups; chronic periodontitis (nâ¯=â¯20), type 2 diabetic chronic periodontitis (nâ¯=â¯20), and healthy control (nâ¯=â¯20). Both serum and gingival crevicular fluid were collected from each participant for miRNA expression analysis and serum inflammatory parameters assessment. RESULTS: A significant increase in the relative quantification levels of miR-223 and miR-200b were detected in patient groups along with a positive correlation with tumor necrosis factor-α. However, miR-203 was significantly decreased in patient groups associated with a negative correlation with tumor necrosis factor-α. CONCLUSIONS: miR-223 and miR-200b have a potential role in chronic periodontitis pathogenesis associated with type 2 diabetes, with the ability to induce tumor necrosis factor-α secretion, while miR-203 might have a protective and healing role due to the negative correlation with the serum tumor necrosis factor-α levels found. Therefore, they may be considered as a promising therapeutic target and effective serum disease biomarkers.
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Periodontitis Crónica , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Líquido del Surco Gingival/química , MicroARNs/análisis , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Humanos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/análisisRESUMEN
Biomarkers represent promising aids in periodontitis, host-mediate diseases of the tooth-supporting tissues. We assessed the diagnostic potential of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5 (TRAP-5), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) to discriminate between healthy patients', mild and severe periodontitis sites. Thirty-one otherwise healthy volunteers with and without periodontal disease were enrolled at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile. Periodontal parameters were examined and gingival crevicular fluid was sampled from mild periodontitis sites (M; n = 42), severe periodontitis sites (S; n = 59), and healthy volunteer sites (H; n = 30). TRAP-5 and OPG were determined by commercial multiplex assay and MMP-8 by the immunofluorometric (IFMA) method. STATA software was used. All biomarkers showed a good discrimination performance. MMP-8 had the overall best performance in regression models and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, with high discrimination of healthy from periodontitis sites (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.901). OPG showed a very high diagnostic precision (AUC ≥ 0.95) to identify severe periodontitis sites (S versus H + M), while TRAP-5 identified both healthy and severe sites. As conclusions, MMP-8, TRAP-5, and OPG present a high precision potential in the identification of periodontal disease destruction, with MMP-8 as the most accurate diagnostic biomarker.
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Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Metaloproteinasa 8 de la Matriz/sangre , Osteoprotegerina/sangre , Periodontitis/sangre , Fosfatasa Ácida Tartratorresistente/sangre , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangre , Periodontitis Crónica/genética , Periodontitis Crónica/patología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Líquido del Surco Gingival/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodontitis/genética , Periodontitis/patología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Fosfatasa Ácida Tartratorresistente/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Several studies have demonstrated an association between obesity, periodontitis, and exercise. AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the effects of regular exercise on obese women with periodontal disease, using serum, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples. A before-after study design was adopted to evaluate the effects of 12 weeks of regular exercise on obese women grouped according to periodontal status, without a control group (no exercise). The study sample comprised of 15 patients without periodontitis (NP group) and 10 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP group), from whom periodontal parameters were measured and serum, saliva, and GCF samples were collected. Body mass index (BMI), anthropometric measurements, somatotype-motoric tests, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) were recorded at baseline and after exercise. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Med Calc was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After exercise, a significant decrease in BMI and a significant increase in VO2max were observed in both groups. A significant decrease in probing depth and clinical attachment loss, serum leptin, GCF tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and leptin, and a significant increase in GCF resistin were observed in the CP group. A significant decrease in serum TNF-α and leptin levels and a significant increase in serum resistin and GCF TNF-α, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin levels were observed in the NP group. Significant correlations between bleeding on probing and levels of interleukin-1ß and leptin in GCF were observed in the CP group. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that regular exercise exerts different impacts with respect to clinical and biochemical aspects of periodontal and systemic conditions in obese women.
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Adipoquinas/metabolismo , Periodontitis Crónica/complicaciones , Periodontitis Crónica/metabolismo , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Líquido del Surco Gingival/química , Obesidad/complicaciones , Saliva/química , Adipoquinas/sangre , Adulto , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Interleucina-1beta/sangre , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/sangre , Obesidad/metabolismo , Bolsa Periodontal/metabolismo , Resistina/sangre , Resistina/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMEN
Curcumin exhibits antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects and has been suggested as a treatment for inflammatory diseases. The study is aimed at evaluating the effect of curcumin gel on serum levels of micronutrients (zinc, copper, and magnesium) and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1ß and TNF-α) in chronic periodontitis patients. Ninety subjects with an age of 25-54 were included in this study. From the total number, 30 subjects with healthy periodontium (control group) (mean age = 37.30 ± 7.08) were employed for the sole purpose of obtaining the normal mean values of clinical, chemical, and immunological parameters, and 60 with chronic periodontitis (mean age = 36.73 ± 6.22) were divided randomly into 2 groups, of which each group included 30 subjects. Group A received scaling and root planing SRP and curcumin gel injection covered by Coe pack for 7 days, and group B received SRP alone covered by Coe pack. Clinical parameters (plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss measurements) and blood samples were collected before and after 1 month of treatment to measure serum levels of zinc, copper, magnesium, IL-1ß, and TNF-α. The results showed significant micronutrient alteration and increase of proinflammatory cytokines in the chronic periodontitis group as compared to healthy control (P ≤ 0.05), and curcumin gel had a significant effect on the reduction of IL-1ß, TNF-α, copper, and clinical parameters (P ≤ 0.05) and increase of zinc and magnesium levels after 1 month as compared to baseline (P ≤ 0.05), nearly the same pattern for group B but with nonsignificant differences for Zn (P > 0.05). In conclusion, curcumin gel resulted in a more significant reduction in clinical parameters, inflammatory mediators, and copper and increase of zinc and magnesium levels as compared to SRP alone.
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Periodontitis Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Cobre/sangre , Curcumina/uso terapéutico , Geles/uso terapéutico , Interleucina-1beta/sangre , Magnesio/sangre , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/sangre , Zinc/sangre , Adulto , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Micronutrientes/sangre , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice Periodontal , Aplanamiento de la Raíz/métodosRESUMEN
Multifactorial nature of chronic periodontitis is well known. The data indicate that the bacteria of subgingival biofilm (with their presence at high levels, too), as well as the immune response of the organism, genetic components and environmental factors play a significant role in the development of periodontal destructive disease. On the one hand the strong relationship between microorganisms from the "red complex" has been proved. On the other hand the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis has been verified, as well. The presence of bacterial metabolic products and other substances (lipopolysaccharides, enzymes and toxins) results in increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and release of active agents leading to the development of a local tissue lesion. Thus, the negative (destructive) side of the immune response is expressed and associated with the immunopathological nature of periodontitis. Literary data testify the importance of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in regulating the inflammatory response to bacterial infection and suggest its association with susceptibility to periodontitis.
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Periodontitis Crónica/genética , Interleucina-8/genética , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Humanos , Interleucina-8/sangre , Polimorfismo Genético , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido SimpleRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Periodontal diseases are inflammatory chronic infections. Sialic acid (SA) is an acute phase reactant by itself. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between salivary and serum SA levels and clinical parameters in different forms of periodontal diseases. SUBJECT AND METHODS: Systemically healthy subjects were included in the study; patients with chronic gingivitis (CG) (n = 10), chronic periodontitis (CP) (n = 10), and aggressive periodontitis (AgP) (n = 10), and ten volunteers with healthy periodontium as the control group. Total SA levels were determined by Warren's thiobarbituric acid method in whole saliva, parotis saliva, and serum samples of subjects before and 3 months after nonsurgical periodontal treatment. Full mouth clinical parameters including plaque index, gingival index, probing depth, and bleeding on probing were also recorded. RESULTS: Before treatment, in both periodontitis groups salivary and serum SA levels were higher than those of controls (P = 0.001). Both salivary and serum SA levels decreased significantly in the patient groups after treatment (P < 0.001). Multiple comparisons of baseline clinical parameters in all groups revealed significant differences (P = 0.001) and these parameters decreased significantly on the 90th day (P < 0.01). There were positive correlations between SA levels and periodontal indices of the CG, CP, and AgP groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that SA level in both saliva and serum may be a potentially useful marker to determine inflammatory changes and investigate different forms of periodontal diseases.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/análisis , Ácido N-Acetilneuramínico/sangre , Enfermedades Periodontales/sangre , Saliva/química , Adulto , Periodontitis Agresiva/sangre , Biomarcadores/sangre , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Femenino , Gingivitis/sangre , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice PeriodontalRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Vitamin D has been considered to possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity, which may be a link for the known interaction of periodontitis (CP) and coronary heart disease (CHD). This study investigated the association between serum vitamin D levels and periodontitis in patients with CP and with CHD. Furthermore, the objective was to determine whether periodontitis and CHD had an impact on serum vitamin D levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 46 patients with CP, 45 patients with CHD, 45 patients with both CP and CHD, and 43 healthy patients were enrolled in the present study. RESULTS: Patients in the CP (17.4 ± 5.2 ng/mL) and in the CP + CHD (16.5 ± 5.6 ng/mL) group presented a significantly lower mean serum level of 25(OH)vitamin D compared to patients in the CHD (24.6 ± 3.7 ng/mL) and healthy control groups (29.9 ± 5.4 ng/mL) (P < .001). 25(OH)vitamin D levels were positively correlated with the number of teeth and negatively with C-reactive protein (CRP) and all periodontal parameters (P < .001). In all patients, there was a proportional increase of 25(OH)vitamin D levels with a progressive increase in number of teeth (P-trend <.001) while there were a proportional decrease in 25(OH)vitamin D levels with a progressive increase in clinical attachment level (CAL, P-trend = .001), probing depth (PD, P-trend = .006), and bleeding sites (BOP, P-trend <.001) levels. CONCLUSION: Patients with CP and CP + CHD presented significantly lower serum levels of vitamin D compared to CHD and healthy controls. Moreover, the presence of CP negatively influenced serum vitamin D levels.
Asunto(s)
Periodontitis Crónica , Enfermedad Coronaria , Periodontitis , Vitamina D , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Periodontitis Crónica/complicaciones , Enfermedad Coronaria/complicaciones , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Periodontitis/sangre , Periodontitis/complicaciones , Vitamina D/sangreRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum folate-receptor 1 (FOLR1) levels in subjects with different periodontal status. METHODS: The study consists of three groups: Healthy group (n = 15), gingivitis group (n = 15) and chronic periodontitis group (n = 15). Clinical periodontal parameters including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed. GCF and serum samples were collected from each patient and were analyzed FOLR1 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: The values of FOLR1 in GCF were higher in gingivitis and periodontitis groups than among patient in control group (p < 0.016). Serum FOLR1 levels showed no significant difference between the groups. A significant correlation was observed between FOLR1 levels of GCF and BOP (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary data suggest that FOLR1 is not useful in monitoring the periodontal disease. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role, regulation and function of folate and it's receptors in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
Asunto(s)
Periodontitis Crónica/metabolismo , Receptor 1 de Folato/sangre , Líquido del Surco Gingival/química , Gingivitis/metabolismo , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Femenino , Ácido Fólico , Líquido del Surco Gingival/metabolismo , Gingivitis/sangre , Humanos , Masculino , Índice Periodontal , Periodontitis , Proyectos PilotoRESUMEN
Serum hepcidin levels may increase in response to infection and inflammation. The present study investigated the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on levels of serum hepcidin, inflammatory markers, and iron markers. An interventional study was conducted on 67 patients (age 30-65 years) without other diseases, except for chronic periodontitis (CP). Patients were allocated to either CP or control groups. The CP group received supragingival and subgingival scaling and root planing procedures, whereas the control group received supragingival scaling. Probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level (CAL), visible plaque index (VPI), serum hepcidin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), hematological markers, and iron markers were measured at baseline and at 90 days after NSPT. The CP group had statistically significant lower mean values for mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) (p ≤ 0.05). The control group had statistically significant reductions in hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and MCH (p ≤ 0.05). Serum hepcidin, IL-6, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels were significantly decreased in both groups after NSPT. Periodontal markers were more markedly reduced in the CP group compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.05). These findings suggest that NSPT may reduce the serum levels of IL-6, hepcidin, and periodontal parameters.
Asunto(s)
Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Hepcidinas/sangre , Hierro/sangre , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangre , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Periodontitis Crónica/patología , Periodontitis Crónica/terapia , Índice de Placa Dental , Femenino , Encía/patología , Humanos , Interleucina-6/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pérdida de la Inserción Periodontal/sangre , Pérdida de la Inserción Periodontal/patología , Valores de Referencia , Aplanamiento de la Raíz/métodos , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Glycemic control is vital in the care of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is significantly associated with the incidence of clinical complications. This Bayesian network analysis was conducted with an aim of evaluating the efficacy of scaling and root planning (SRP) and SRP + adjuvant treatments in improving glycemic control in chronic periodontitis (CP) and T2DM patients, and to guide clinical practice. METHODS: We searched the Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases up to 4 May 2018 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This was at least three months of the duration of study that involved patients with periodontitis and T2DM without other systemic diseases given SRP. Patients in the control group did not receive treatment or SRP combination with adjuvant therapy. Outcomes were given as HbA1c% and levels fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Random-effects meta-analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis were conducted to pool RCT data. Cochrane's risk of bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias. RESULTS: Fourteen RCTs were included. Most were unclear or with high risk of bias. Compared to patients who did not receive treatment, patients who received periodontal treatments showed improved HbA1c% level, including SRP (the mean difference (MD) -0.399 95% CrI 0.088 to 0.79), SRP + antibiotic (MD 0.62, 95% CrI 0.18 to 1.11), SRP + photodynamic therapy (aPDT) + doxycycline (Doxy) (MD 1.082 95% CrI 0.13 to 2.077) and SRP + laser (MD 0.66 95% CrI 0.1037, 1.33). Among the different treatments, SRP + aPDT + Doxy ranked best. Regarding fasting plasma glucose (FPG), SRP did not show advantage over no treatment (MD 4.91 95% CI - 1.95 to 11.78) and SRP with adjuvant treatments were not better than SRP alone (MD -0.28 95% CI -8.66, 8.11). CONCLUSION: The results of this meta-analysis seem to support that periodontal treatment with aPDT + Doxy possesses the best efficacy in lowering HbA1c% of non-smoking CP without severe T2DM complications. However, longer-term well-executed, multi-center trails are required to corroborate the results.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Periodontitis Crónica/terapia , Raspado Dental/métodos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Fotoquimioterapia , Aplanamiento de la Raíz/métodos , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Teorema de Bayes , Glucemia , Periodontitis Crónica/sangre , Terapia Combinada , Doxiciclina/administración & dosificación , Doxiciclina/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Metaanálisis en Red , Bolsa Periodontal/sangre , Bolsa Periodontal/tratamiento farmacológico , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
AIM: The two-way relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis has been extensively studied with various interconnected biomarkers sharing a link. Soluble Tumour Necrosis Factor-like Weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) is gaining attention as an important mediator in chronic inflammatory diseases. Thus, the aim of this study was to detect, estimate and compare the levels of sTWEAK in the serum of health, chronic periodontitis (CP), and CP with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five participants between 18 and 65 years were divided into groups of 15 each as Group 1: healthy, Group 2: CP, and Group 3: CP + T2DM. Clinical periodontal parameters and glycemic status were assessed. sTWEAK in serum was estimated using a commercially available ELISA kit. The data was statistically analyzed. RESULTS: sTWEAK was detected in all participants. Significant differences were observed between the groups for sTWEAK; highest in health, lower in CP and lowest in CP + T2DM. In the diseased groups, the clinical and glycemic parameters correlated positively with each other, whereas sTWEAK correlated negatively with each of the parameters. CONCLUSION: The literature reports lower concentrations of systemic sTWEAK in T2DM which may be comparable to our observations in CP + T2DM when compared to health and its negative correlation with all the parameters suggesting an association with both clinical periodontal parameters and glycemic levels. However, serum sTWEAK levels may not be necessarily elevated in periodontitis as previously reported, and hence has the potential to be studied extensively for clarification with its association with T2DM.