RESUMEN
The most recent reclassification of dermatoses of pregnancy includes polymorphic eruption of pregnancy, atopic eruption of pregnancy, and pemphigoid gestationis; intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, strictly not a dermatosis, was included in specific dermatoses of pregnancy for working purposes. Another dermatosis, pustular psoriasis of pregnancy, could be included for similar reasons. The nomenclature of these pregnancy-specific eruptions has been revised several times, generating potential confusion among practitioners. Clouding the picture further are misnomers that have been used to describe dermatoses of pregnancy. In addition, several cutaneous conditions that are associated with, but not specific to, pregnancy, have been misunderstood, which has resulted in certain myths among patients and physicians. In this contribution, we describe how the nomenclature of each dermatosis of pregnancy has evolved to fit the current classification scheme. We then identify several misnomers that have generated confusion within the scheme. Finally, we debunk several myths that have developed around cutaneous conditions outside of this scheme, in both mother and newborn.
Asunto(s)
Lactancia Materna , Complicaciones del Embarazo/clasificación , Enfermedades de la Piel/clasificación , Colestasis Intrahepática/clasificación , Dermatitis Atópica/prevención & control , Dieta , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Penfigoide Gestacional/clasificación , Embarazo , Prurigo/clasificación , Psoriasis/clasificación , Estrías de Distensión/prevención & control , Terminología como Asunto , Urticaria/clasificaciónRESUMEN
Las dermatosis específicas del embarazo son un grupo heterogéneo de desórdenes pruriginosos que se presentan hacia el tercer trimestre del embarazo y/o postparto inmediato. Estas incluyen al, pengifoide gestacional, la colestasis gestacional, la psoriasis pustulosa del embarazo las pápulas, placas urticarianas pruriginosas del embarazo y las foliculitis pruriginosas del embarazo...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Penfigoide Gestacional/clasificación , Penfigoide Gestacional/diagnóstico , Penfigoide Gestacional/prevención & controlRESUMEN
During pregnancy, the mother undergoes changes to sustain and enable normal growth and development of the fetus. Common physiological changes include linea nigra, fibroepithelial polyps, striae, spider angioma, palmar erythema and pruritis gravidarum. However, there are some changes that are purely pathological, and these are termed the pregnancy-specific dermatoses (PSDs). The PSDs occur during pregnancy or in the immediate postpartum period. They do not include the various benign conditions or pre-existing dermatoses and tumours that may present or worsen with pregnancy. They do include a number of distinct and identifiable conditions: atopic eruption of pregnancy (AEP), polymorphic eruption of pregnancy (PEP), intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and pemphigoid gestationis (PG). These are a heterogeneous group of skin conditions characterized by pruritis and inflammatory changes. In addition, pruritis gravidarum is sometimes considered pathophysiological and thus part of this group, rather than a physiological process. Each of these conditions has a distinct, but not fully understood, pathogenesis. The mechanisms leading to PSD may be a reflection on the hormonal and immunological changes associated with pregnancy. AEP and PEP are benign conditions, and although they can cause distress to the mother, they are otherwise minor. However, ICP and PG are more serious conditions, and both carry the potential for serious risks to both the mother and the fetus. Thus, the pathophysiology of these latter two conditions is considered in more detail in the following article.