RESUMEN
The Brazilian Pantanal wetlands are a unique ecosystem with a faunistic composition similar to that of the adjacent biomes but in higher densities. The early establishment of domestic cattle husbandry in that area introduced pathogens that may influence the indigenous Pantanalian fauna. In this paper, the authors describe the helminthfauna of ten free-ranging adult Mazama gouazoubira from the Paiaguás sub-region, along with the descriptors of infection. Morphological description of Pygarginema verrucosa is supplied, with comments on other species of this genus. The helminth species found are similar to domestic cattle helminthfauna of the same physiographic region, suggesting an adaptation of bovine parasites to this host.(AU)
O Pantanal brasileiro é um ecossistema único, com composição faunística semelhante à dos biomas adjacentes, mas com densidades superiores. O gado introduzido na região pode ter carreado patógenos nesse ecossistema que podem, de alguma forma, influenciar a fauna local. Neste artigo, é descrita a helmintofauna de dez indivíduos adultos de Mazama gouazoubira provenientes da sub-região de Paiaguás, juntamente com os indicadores de infecção helmíntica. Ainda, são fornecidas informações sobre a morfologia de Pygarginema verrucosa, com comentários sobre outras espécies deste gênero. As espécies de helmintos diagnosticadas são semelhantes àquelas encontradas em bovinos da mesma região, sugerindo adaptação destas no hospedeiro estudado.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , /análisis , Ciervos/clasificación , Humedales/clasificación , Patógenos Transmitidos por la Sangre/clasificación , Brasil/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The profile of blood donors changed dramatically in Brazil over the past 20 years, from remunerated to nonremunerated and then from replacement to community donors. Donor demographic data from three major blood centers establish current donation profiles in Brazil, serving as baseline for future analyses and tracking longitudinal changes in donor characteristics. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were extracted from the blood center, compiled in a data warehouse, and analyzed. Population data were obtained from the Brazilian census. RESULTS: During 2007 to 2008, there were 615,379 blood donations from 410,423 donors. A total of 426,142 (69.2%) were from repeat (Rpt) donors and 189,237 (30.8%) were from first-time (FT) donors. Twenty percent of FT donors returned to donate in the period. FT donors were more likely to be younger, and Rpt donors were more likely to be community donors. All were predominantly male. Replacement donors still represent 50% of FT and 30% of Rpt donors. The mean percentage of the potentially general population who were donors was approximately 1.2% for the three centers (0.7, 1.5, and 3.1%). Adjusting for the catchment's area, the first two were 2.1 and 1.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Donors in the three Brazilian centers tended to be younger with a higher proportion of males than in the general population. Donation rates were lower than desirable. There were substantial differences in sex, age, and community/replacement status by center. Studies on the safety, donation frequencies, and motivations of donors are in progress to orient efforts to enhance the availability of blood.
Asunto(s)
Donantes de Sangre/estadística & datos numéricos , Transfusión Sanguínea/estadística & datos numéricos , Distribución por Edad , Factores de Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Transfusión Sanguínea/normas , Patógenos Transmitidos por la Sangre/clasificación , Brasil , Demografía , Femenino , Política de Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Salud Pública , Caracteres SexualesRESUMEN
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SMA) es un bacilo gram negativo no fermentador que causa infecciones en pacientes con defensas disminuidas y/o instrumentados. Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de los aislamientos obtenidos en el año 2003 en el laboratorio de Bacteriología del Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica. Se obtuvieron 64 aislamientos de los cuales 36 fueron de origen respiratorio y 24 de hemocultivos. Tanto su resistencia a carbapenemes como su sensibilidad a TMS son orientadores para su diagnóstico microbiológico. Este perfil asociado a resistencia a otros antibióticos suele plantear problemas terapéuticos severos
Asunto(s)
Preescolar , Humanos , Niño , Patógenos Transmitidos por la Sangre/clasificación , Infecciones Oportunistas/clasificación , Técnicas Microbiológicas , Bacteriología/clasificación , Bacteriología/instrumentación , Bacteriología , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Fenómenos Químicos , Técnicas BacteriológicasRESUMEN
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SMA) es un bacilo gram negativo no fermentador que causa infecciones en pacientes con defensas disminuidas y/o instrumentados. Se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de los aislamientos obtenidos en el año 2003 en el laboratorio de Bacteriología del Hospital de Niños Sor María Ludovica. Se obtuvieron 64 aislamientos de los cuales 36 fueron de origen respiratorio y 24 de hemocultivos. Tanto su resistencia a carbapenemes como su sensibilidad a TMS son orientadores para su diagnóstico microbiológico. Este perfil asociado a resistencia a otros antibióticos suele plantear problemas terapéuticos severos