RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: National palliative care plans depend upon stakeholder engagement to succeed. Assessing the capability, interest, and knowledge of stakeholders is a crucial step in the implementation of public health initiatives, as recommended by the World Health Organisation. However, utilising stakeholder analysis is a strategy underused in public palliative care. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a stakeholder analysis characterising a diverse group of stakeholders involved in implementing a national palliative care plan in three rural regions of an upper-middle-income country. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study design, complemented by a quantitative stakeholder analysis approach, was executed through a survey designed to gauge stakeholders' levels of interest and capability in relation to five fundamental dimensions of public palliative care: provision of services, accessibility of essential medicines, palliative care education, financial support, and palliative care vitality. Stakeholders were categorised as promoters (high-power, high-interest), latent (high-power, low-interest), advocates (low-power, high-interest), and indifferent (low-power and low-interest). Stakeholder self-perceived category and knowledge level were also assessed. RESULTS: Among the 65 surveyed stakeholders, 19 were categorised as promoters, 34 as advocates, 9 as latent, and 3 as indifferent. Stakeholders' self-perception of their category did not align with the results of the quantitative analysis. When evaluated by region and palliative care dimensions the distribution of stakeholders was nonuniform. Palliative care funding was the dimension with the highest number of stakeholders categorised as indifferent, and the lowest percentage of promoters. Stakeholders categorised as promoters consistently reported a low level of knowledge, regardless of the dimension, region, or their level of interest. CONCLUSIONS: Assessing the capability, interest, and knowledge of stakeholders is a crucial step when implementing public health initiatives in palliative care. It allows for a data-driven decision-making process on how to delegate responsibilities, administer financial resources, and establish governance boards that remain engaged and work efficiently.
Asunto(s)
Cuidados Paliativos , Participación de los Interesados , Humanos , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Cuidados Paliativos/normas , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Engaging diverse stakeholders in developing core outcome sets (COSs) can produce more meaningful metrics as well as research responsive to patient needs. The most common COS prioritisation method, Delphi surveys, has limitations related to selection bias and participant understanding, while qualitative methods like group discussions are less frequently used. This study aims to test a co-creation approach to COS development for type 1 diabetes (T1DM) in Peru. METHODS: Using a co-creation approach, we aimed to prioritise outcomes for T1DM management in Peru, incorporating perspectives from people with T1DM, caregivers, healthcare professionals, and decision-makers. A set of outcomes were previously identified through a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. Through qualitative descriptive methods, including in-person workshops, each group of stakeholders contributed to the ranking of outcomes. Decision-makers also discussed the feasibility of measuring these outcomes within the Peruvian healthcare system. RESULTS: While priorities varied among participant groups, all underscored the significance of monitoring healthcare system functionality over mortality. Participants recognized the interconnected nature of healthcare system performance, clinical outcomes, self-management, and quality of life. When combining the rankings from all the groups, metrics related to economic impact on the individual and structural support, policies promoting health, and protecting those living with T1DM were deemed more important in comparison to measuring clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION: We present the first COS for T1DM focused on low-and-middle-income countries and show aspects of care that are relevant in this setting. Diverse prioritisation among participant groups underscores the need of inclusive decision-making processes. By incorporating varied perspectives, healthcare systems can better address patient needs and enhance overall care quality.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Participación de los Interesados , Humanos , Perú , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/terapia , Evaluación de Resultado en la Atención de Salud , Prioridades en Salud , Femenino , Atención a la Salud/organización & administración , Técnica Delphi , Masculino , Investigación Cualitativa , AdultoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Gaps in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance and control, including implementation of national action plans (NAPs), are evident internationally. Countries' capacity to translate political commitment into action is crucial to cope with AMR at the human-animal-environment interface. METHODS: We employed a two-stage process to understand opportunities and challenges related to AMR surveillance and control at the human-animal interface in Argentina. First, we compiled the central AMR policies locally and mapped vital stakeholders around the NAP and the national commission against bacterial resistance. Second, we conducted qualitative interviews using a semistructured questionnaire covering stakeholders' understanding and progress towards AMR and NAP. We employed a mixed deductive-inductive approach and used the constant comparative analysis method. We created categories and themes to cluster subthemes and determined crucial relationships among thematic groups. RESULTS: Crucial AMR policy developments have been made since 1969, including gradually banning colistin in food-producing animals. In 2023, a new government decree prioritised AMR following the 2015 NAP launch. Our qualitative analyses identified seven major themes for tackling AMR: (I) Cultural factors and sociopolitical country context hampering AMR progress, (II) Fragmented governance, (III) Antibiotic access and use, (IV) AMR knowledge and awareness throughout stakeholders, (V) AMR surveillance, (VI) NAP efforts and (VII) External drivers. We identified a fragmented structure of the food production chain, poor cross-coordination between stakeholders, limited surveillance and regulation among food-producing animals and geographical disparities over access, diagnosis and treatment. The country is moving to integrate animal and food production into its surveillance system, with most hospitals experienced in monitoring AMR through antimicrobial stewardship programmes. CONCLUSION: AMR accountability should involve underpinning collaboration at different NAP implementation levels and providing adequate resources to safeguard long-term sustainability. Incorporating a multisectoral context-specific approach relying on different One Health domains is crucial to strengthening local AMR surveillance.
Asunto(s)
Crianza de Animales Domésticos , Antibacterianos , Política de Salud , Argentina , Humanos , Animales , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Investigación Cualitativa , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Participación de los Interesados , Programas de Optimización del Uso de los Antimicrobianos/organización & administración , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There are few data reporting the needs and priorities of older adults in Brazil. This hampers the development and/or implementation of policies aimed at older adults to help them age well. The aim of this study was to understand areas of importance, priorities, enablers and obstacles to healthy ageing as identified by older adults and key stakeholders in both urban and rural environments. METHODS: Two locations were selected, one urban and one rural in the municipality of Santo André, in the metropolitan region of São Paulo (SP). Workshops for older adults (>60 y) and stakeholders were conducted separately in each location. The workshops incorporated an iterative process of discussion, prioritisation and ranking of responses, in roundtable groups and in plenary. Areas of commonality and differences between older adult and stakeholder responses were identified by comparing responses between groups as well as mapping obstacles and enablers to healthy ageing identified by older adults, to the priorities identified by stakeholder groups. The socio-ecologic model was used to categorise responses. RESULTS: There were few shared responses between stakeholders and older adults and little overlap between the top ranked responses of urban and rural groups. With respect to areas of importance, both stakeholder groups ranked policies for older people within their top five reponses. Both older adult groups ranked keeping physically and mentally active, and nurturing spirituality. There was a marked lack of congruence between older adults' obstacles and enablers to healthy ageing and stakeholder priorities, in both urban and rural settings. Most responses were located within the Society domain of the socio-ecologic model, although older adults also responded within the Individual/ Relationships domains, particularly in ranking areas of most importance for healthy ageing. CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight substantial differences between older adults and stakeholders with respect to areas of importance, priorities, enablers and obstacles to healthy ageing, and point to the need for more engagement between those in advocacy and policymaking roles and the older people whose needs they serve.
Asunto(s)
Población Rural , Población Urbana , Humanos , Brasil , Anciano , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Participación de los Interesados , Prioridades en Salud , Envejecimiento Saludable , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de SaludRESUMEN
Fisheries management agencies in the U.S. Caribbean are currently taking steps into transitioning from a single species approach to one that includes Ecosystem Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) considerations. In this study, we developed and analyzed stakeholder-driven conceptual models with seven different stakeholder groups in Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands to assess and compare their perceptions of the fishery ecosystem. Conceptual models were developed for each stakeholder group during 29 separate workshops involving a total of 236 participants representing Commercial Fishers, Managers, Academics, Local Businesses, Environmental NGOs, and the Caribbean Fishery Management Council (CFMC) District Advisory Panels (DAPs) and Scientific and Statistical Committee (SSC). Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (nMDS) and two-mode social network analysis were used to investigate differences and similarities between stakeholder groups as well as to identify priority ecosystem elements and threats. Results show important variations between stakeholders and islands in terms of their perceived importance of ecosystem components and relationships, which supports the need for collaborative approaches and co-production of knowledge in the United States (U.S.) Caribbean region. Despite this variation, important areas of common concern among stakeholders were identified such as: habitat integrity (e.g., coral reefs), water quality, and influence of recreational fisheries and tourism on marine ecosystems. Findings of this study support the use of stakeholder-driven conceptual models as effective tools to guide decision-making, aid prioritization of data collection, and increase collaboration and cooperation among stakeholders in the context of fisheries management.
Asunto(s)
Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Ecosistema , Explotaciones Pesqueras , Región del Caribe , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales/métodos , Puerto Rico , Islas Virgenes de los Estados Unidos , Humanos , Modelos Teóricos , Estados Unidos , Animales , Participación de los InteresadosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Accurately translated health materials are needed to achieve equity in vaccine uptake among U.S. individuals with non-English language preferences. Verbatim translations may not capture the cultural and linguistic vernacular required to understand vaccine hesitancy. We leveraged a community-engaged approach to translate the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS) into Haitian Creole. METHODS: Following the "WHO Guidelines on Translation and Adaptation of Instruments" and a community-engaged framework, a validated 10-question Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS) underwent forward translation, expert panel review, back translation, and focus group pilot testing. RESULTS: Haitian Creole-speaking translators included two community leaders, one community partner, one study team member, and 13 Haitian, greater Boston-based community members who participated in a focus group to pretest the survey. After four iterations, a linguistic and cultural translation of the VHS was created. CONCLUSION: A community-engaged framework strengthened community partnerships and resulted in a culturally relevant Haitian Creole vaccine hesitancy scale.
Asunto(s)
Vacilación a la Vacunación , Vacunas , Humanos , Haití , Participación de la Comunidad , Participación de los Interesados , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Stakeholder participation is a key component of a fair and equitable priority-setting in health. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for fair and equitable priority setting, and hence, stakeholder participation. To date, there is limited literature on stakeholder participation in the development of the pandemic plans (including the priority setting plans) that were rapidly developed during the pandemic. Drawing on a global study of national COVID-19 preparedness and response plans, we present a secondary analysis of COVID-19 national plans from 70 countries from the six WHO regions, focusing on stakeholder participation. We found that most plans were prepared by the Ministry of Health and acknowledged WHO guidance, however less than half mentioned that additional stakeholders were involved. Few plans described a strategy for stakeholder participation and/or accounted for public participation in the plan preparation. However, diverse stakeholders (including multiple governmental, non-governmental, and international organizations) were proposed to participate in the implementation of the plans. Overall, there was a lack of transparency about who participated in decision-making and limited evidence of meaningful participation of the community, including marginalized groups. The critical relevance of stakeholder participation in priority setting requires that governments develop strategies for meaningful participation of diverse stakeholders during pandemics such as COVID-19, and in routine healthcare priority setting.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Participación de los Interesados , Humanos , Pandemias , Preparación para una Pandemia , Atención a la SaludRESUMEN
This paper describes and compares the integration of cross-sector actors' participation into the governance of two local health councils, one located in Salvador de Bahia (Brazil) and the other in the Canary Islands (Spain). Based on the cross-national comparative research conducted as part of a doctoral thesis, a qualitative design based on secondary data analysis was proposed on the three stages of the organisational integration process of participation. We used information from individual semi-structured interviews (n = 70), situational observation, focus groups, literature review, and field notes to understand participatory processes of networking between multiple cross-sector actors and to show how such processes might be associated with innovative practices. For these innovations to be successfully implemented, stakeholders need to acquire adequate competencies in cross-sector collaboration, enabling them to learn about new organisational practices and to adapt the network of actors to the often unpredictable influences of contextual factors.
Asunto(s)
Grupos Focales , España , Brasil , Humanos , Entrevistas como Asunto , Investigación Cualitativa , Gobierno Local , Atención a la Salud/organización & administración , Participación de los InteresadosRESUMEN
As startups são empresas que apresentam modelos de negócios marcados pela inovação, rapidez, flexibilidade e alta capacidade de adaptação aos mercados. Atuando em diferentes setores socioeconômicos, elas prometem criar e transformar produtos e serviços. A emergência e disseminação dessas empresas ocorrem em um momento histórico de mudanças iniciadas a partir de 1970 e marcadas pelas crises geradas com o esgotamento do paradigma da sociedade urbano industrial. No Brasil, o número desse modelo de negócio apresentou uma expansão expressiva, alcançando a marca de 13.374 nos últimos cinco anos. Atento a esse cenário, o objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em compreender como sujeitos, grupos e instituições atribuem sentidos à experiência de trabalho nas chamadas startups. Na parte teórica, as condições sociais e econômicas que possibilitaram a emergência e disseminação das startups são analisadas em uma perspectiva crítica. A parte empírica, por sua vez, apresenta depoimentos de empreendedores relatando o contexto geral de atuação nas startups. Ao final deste artigo, conclui-se que há uma instrumentalização capitalística de componentes subjetivos específicos selecionados e colocados em circulação para fortalecer o modo de produção capitalista financeirizado.(AU)
Startups are companies that have business models characterized by innovation, speed, flexibility, and a high capacity to adapt to markets. Operating in different socioeconomic sectors, they promise to create and transform products and services. The emergence and dissemination of these companies occur at a historical moment of changes that began from 1970 and are marked by the crises generated by the exhaustion of the paradigm of industrial urban society. In Brazil, the number of businesses in this model showed a significant expansion, reaching 13,374 companies in the last five years. Attentive to this scenario, the objective of this research was to understand how subjects, groups, and institutions attribute meanings to the work experience in so-called startups. In the theoretical part, the social and economic conditions that enabled the emergence and dissemination of startups are analyzed in a critical perspective. The empirical part presents entrepreneurs reporting the general context of action in startups. At the end of this article, it is concluded that there is a capitalistic instrumentalization of specific subjective components that are selected and put into circulation to strengthen the financed capitalist production.(AU)
Las startups son empresas que tienen modelos de negocio marcados por la innovación, la velocidad, la flexibilidad y una alta capacidad de adaptación a los mercados. Desde diferentes sectores socioeconómicos, las startups prometen crear y transformar productos y servicios. La aparición y difusión de estas empresas se produce en un momento histórico de cambios que comenzó a partir de 1970 y que está marcado por crisis generadas por el agotamiento del paradigma de la sociedad urbana industrial. En Brasil, estas empresas se expandieron significativamente alcanzando la marca de 13.374 empresas en los últimos cinco años. En este escenario, el objetivo de esta investigación fue entender cómo los sujetos, grupos e instituciones atribuyen significados a la experiencia laboral en las startups. En la parte teórica, se analizan las condiciones sociales y económicas que permitieron el surgimiento y la difusión de las startups en una perspectiva crítica. La parte empírica presenta testimonios de emprendedores que informan sobre el trabajo en startups. La investigación concluye que hay una instrumentalización capitalista de componentes subjetivos específicos que se seleccionan y ponen en circulación para fortalecer el modo de producción capitalista financiero.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Satisfacción Personal , Psicología Social , Trabajo , Organizaciones , Capitalismo , Organización y Administración , Innovación Organizacional , Grupo Paritario , Personalidad , Política , Corporaciones Profesionales , Práctica Profesional , Psicología , Relaciones Públicas , Gestión de Riesgos , Seguridad , Salarios y Beneficios , Ajuste Social , Cambio Social , Valores Sociales , Tecnología , Pensamiento , Horas de Trabajo , Toma de Decisiones en la Organización , Propuestas de Licitación , Financiación del Capital , Inteligencia Artificial , Conferencias de Consenso como Asunto , Cultura Organizacional , Salud , Personal Administrativo , Salud Laboral , Técnicas de Planificación , Adolescente , Emprendimiento , Empleos Subvencionados , Sector Privado , Modelos Organizacionales , Entrevista , Gestión de la Calidad Total , Administración del Tiempo , Eficiencia Organizacional , Conducta Competitiva , Recursos Naturales , Comportamiento del Consumidor , Servicios Contratados , Benchmarking , Patente , Servicios Externos , Evolución Cultural , Mercadotecnía , Difusión de Innovaciones , Competencia Económica , Eficiencia , Empleo , Eventos Científicos y de Divulgación , Comercialización de Productos , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Agroindustria , Planificación , Ensayos Analíticos de Alto Rendimiento , Pequeña Empresa , Red Social , Administración Financiera , Invenciones , Colaboración de las Masas , Nube Computacional , Equilibrio entre Vida Personal y Laboral , Participación de los Interesados , Crecimiento Sostenible , Libertad , Macrodatos , Utilización de Instalaciones y Servicios , Comercio Electrónico , Cadena de Bloques , Diseño Universal , Realidad Aumentada , Inteligencia , Inversiones en Salud , Medios de Comunicación de Masas , OcupacionesRESUMEN
O objetivo deste estudo foi testar um modelo teórico-explicativo para as representações sociais sobre o cenário sociopolítico brasileiro de 2017, de acordo com as seguintes relações: as representações seriam influenciadas diretamente pela confiança nas instituições, e essa confiança, determinada pelas simpatias ideológicas. Participaram 164 estudantes universitários - cuja idade média era 24 anos - que responderam a escalas intervalares. Realizaram-se modelagens de equações estruturais para testar o modelo teórico proposto. Os resultados indicaram: adequabilidade do modelo; dois grupos de variáveis apresentando relações positivas entre as variáveis do mesmo grupo e negativas na comparação intergrupos. No primeiro grupo constaram as variáveis: ideias-força de esquerda, confiança nos movimentos sociais, avaliação do governo Dilma e avaliação das políticas de esquerda; no segundo: ideias-força de direita, confiança nas instituições de controle, confiança na mídia, avaliação do governo Temer e avaliação das políticas de esquerda. Concluiu-se que a confiança institucional e a simpatia ideológica ancoravam as representações sociais do cenário brasileiro na população universitária estudada.(AU)
The aim of this study was to test an explanatory theoretical model about the social representations about Brazilian social-political scenario in 2017, based on the following relations: representations were directly influenced by the trust in institutions, and this trust, determined by ideological sympathies. A sample of 164 college students - whose average age was 24 years - answered interval scales. We performed structural equation modeling to test the proposed model. The results indicated: the suitability of the model; two groups of variables presenting positive relations in the in-group comparison and negative relations in the comparisons between groups. The first group showed the variables: Leftist ideas-forces, trust in social movements, evaluation of Dilma's administration, and evaluation of Leftist policies; the second: Rightist ideas-forces, trust in control institutions, trust in the media, evaluation of Temer's administration, and evaluation of Leftist policies. In conclusion, the institutional trust and ideological sympathies anchored the social representations of the Brazilian scenery for the studied university population.(AU)
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo probar un modelo teórico explicativo de las representaciones sociales en el escenario sociopolítico brasileño de 2017 según las siguientes relaciones: las representaciones estarían directamente influenciadas por la confianza en las instituciones, y esta confianza, determinada por las simpatías ideológicas. Participaron en este estudio 164 estudiantes universitarios, con edad media de 24 años, quienes respondieron a escalas intervalares. Se llevaron a cabo modelos de ecuaciones estructurales para probar el modelo teórico propuesto. Los resultados indicaron: adecuación del modelo; dos grupos de variables que presentaban relaciones positivas entre las variables del mismo grupo y negativas en la comparación intergrupal. El primer grupo incluía las variables: ideas-fuerza de la izquierda, confianza en los movimientos sociales, evaluación del gobierno de Dilma y evaluación de las políticas de la izquierda; el segundo: ideas-fuerza de la derecha, confianza en las instituciones de control, confianza en los medios de comunicación, evaluación del gobierno Temer y evaluación de las políticas de la izquierda. Se concluyó que la confianza institucional y la simpatía ideológica funcionaron como fundamentos de las representaciones sociales del escenario político brasileño en la población universitaria estudiada.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Política , Estudiantes , Universidades , Cultura , Confianza , Ética Institucional , Representación Social , Principios Morales , Propiedad , Filosofía , Sistemas Políticos , Pobreza , Psicología , Psicología Social , Política Pública , Calidad de Vida , Racionalización , Seguridad , Salarios y Beneficios , Ciencia , Autoritarismo , Cambio Social , Problemas Sociales , Responsabilidad Social , Ciencias Sociales , Seguridad Social , Valores Sociales , Socialismo , Factores Socioeconómicos , Sociología , Tecnología , Tecnología, Industria y Agricultura , Pensamiento , Desempleo , Mujeres , Conducta , Relaciones Laborales , Negro o Afroamericano , Brasil , Personas con Mala Vivienda , Adaptación Psicológica , Actitud , Etnicidad , Desarrollo Económico , Defensa del Niño , Protección a la Infancia , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Responsabilidad Legal , Derechos Civiles , Negociación , Sector Público , Sector Privado , Personas con Discapacidad , Comunicación , Comunismo , Privacidad , Constitución y Estatutos , Feminismo , Adhesión a Directriz , Modernización del Sector Público , Crimen , Conflictos Civiles , Autonomía Personal , Capitalismo , Acceso a la Información , Estado , Poder Legislativo , Democracia , Agresión , Violaciones de los Derechos Humanos , Revolución Francesa , Economía , Educación , Emociones , Reivindicaciones Laborales , Empleo , Ambiente , Mercado de Trabajo , Estudios Poblacionales en Salud Pública , Fiscalización Sanitaria , Agroindustria , Desarrollo Industrial , Diplomacia , Equilibrio entre Vida Personal y Laboral , Minorías Sexuales y de Género , Fascismo , Activismo Político , Participación de los Interesados , Extremismo , Opresión Social , Libertad , Políticas Inclusivas de Género , Respeto , Capacidad de Liderazgo y Gobernanza , Corrupción , Solidaridad , Modernización Retrógrada , Programas Sociales , Pueblos Indígenas , Ambientalismo , Justicia Ambiental , Factores Sociodemográficos , Vulnerabilidad Social , Ciudadanía , Responsabilidad Socioambiental , Jerarquia Social , Derechos Humanos , Individualismo , Jurisprudencia , Liderazgo , Maniobras Políticas , Conducta de Masa , Medios de Comunicación de Masas , Personal Militar , Grupos ProfesionalesRESUMEN
Este artigo é uma produção teórica de caráter reflexivo que focaliza a relação entre pesquisa e militância a partir do construtivismo semiótico-cultural em psicologia, tendo como base o caso da militância monodissidente. A noção de monodissidência foi cunhada no percurso da militância bissexual para se referir a uma ferramenta analítica de ordem político-comunitária que contempla todas as pessoas que se atraem sexual e/ou romanticamente por mais de um gênero. São contrapostas concepções distintas de militância político-social em psicologia: de um lado, militância é entendida a partir de um autocentramento do militante, vinculado a uma rede de exclusões, negações, vedação e defesas psicológicas em relação à experiência; de outro, há uma compreensão dialógica de militância. Metodologicamente, a proposta de pesquisa se fundamenta no campo da participação observante, entendendo que o pesquisador está, primeiro, na condição de participante de certo campo sociocultural, a partir do qual passa a observar e refletir sobre fenômenos que ocorrem nele. Tomamos como ilustração a trajetória de construção da militância monodissidente do primeiro autor, trazendo tensionamentos dialógicos para a análise, postos em discussão com outras reflexões situadas sobre o tema. O conjunto de tensionamentos dialógicos emergidos nesse percurso foi mapeado e compreendido como um processo de multiplicação dialógica no encontro de self pesquisador com o self militante.(AU)
This paper is a theoretical production of reflective character that focuses on the relationship between research and activism from the semiotic-cultural constructivism in psychology, based on the case of monodissident activism. The notion of monodissent was coined during bisexual activism to refer to an analytical tool of a political-community order that includes all people who are sexually and/or romantically attracted to more than one gender. Different conceptions of political-social activism in psychology are opposed: on the one hand, activism is understood from the militant's self-centeredness, linked to a network of exclusions, denials, gatekeeping, and psychological defenses regarding experience; on the other hand, there is a dialogical understanding of activism. Methodologically, the research proposal is based on the field of observant participation, understanding that the researcher is, first, in the condition of a participant in a certain sociocultural field, from which he starts to observe and reflect on phenomena that occur there. We take as an illustration the trajectory of the construction of the monodissident activism of the first author, bringing dialogical tensions to the analysis, discussed with other reflections on the subject. The set of dialogic tensions that emerged in this path was mapped and understood as a process of dialogic multiplication in the encounter of the researcher self with the activist self.(AU)
Este artículo realiza una producción teórica y reflexiva sobre la relación entre investigación y activismo desde el constructivismo semiótico-cultural en Psicología, a partir del caso del activismo monodisidente. La noción de monodisidencia fue acuñada en el transcurso de la militancia bisexual para referirse a una herramienta analítica de orden político-comunitario que incluye a todas las personas que se sienten atraídas sexual y / o románticamente por más de un género. Se contraponen distintas concepciones de la militancia político-social en Psicología: por un lado, la militancia se entiende desde el egocentrismo del militante, vinculado a un entramado de exclusiones, negaciones, sellamientos y defensas psicológicas con relación a la experiencia; por otro, existe una comprensión dialógica de la militancia. La investigación utiliza como metodología la participación del observador, entendiendo que el investigador se encuentra, en primer lugar, en la condición de participante de determinado campo sociocultural, desde donde comienza a observar y reflexionar sobre los fenómenos que allí ocurren. Tomamos como ilustración la trayectoria de la construcción de la militancia monodisidente del primer autor, trayendo tensiones dialógicas al análisis, discutidas con otras reflexiones sobre el tema. El conjunto de tensiones dialógicas que surgieron en este camino se caracteriza y se comprende como un proceso de multiplicación dialógica en el encuentro del self investigador con el self militante.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Psicología , Semiología Homeopática , Sexualidad , Autopsicología , Cultura , Ego , Activismo Político , Política , Política Pública , Autoimagen , Conducta Sexual , Educación Sexual , Ciencias Sociales , Estereotipo , Transexualidad , Conducta y Mecanismos de Conducta , Bisexualidad , Matrimonio , Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual , Salud Mental , Derechos Civiles , Poblaciones Vulnerables , Educación , Acogimiento , Salud Sexual , Sexismo , Violencia de Género , Participación de los Interesados , Opresión Social , Diversidad de Género , Monosexualidad , Pansexualidad , Asunción de la Sexualidad , Normas de Género , Respeto , Personas Intersexuales , Intervención Psicosocial , Cohesión Social , Desarrollo Humano , Derechos HumanosRESUMEN
Este estudo propõe analisar as relações e os processos de subjetivação de mulheres quebradeiras de coco babaçu decorrentes das intervenções de políticas desenvolvimentistas em seus territórios de vida e reverberações no Movimento Interestadual de Quebradeiras de Coco Babaçu (MIQCB). Sob a perspectiva ético-estético-política da Cartografia, acompanhamos as narrativas das histórias de vida de 24 mulheres, suas atividades cotidianas e eventos do MIQCB, também analisamos os documentos das políticas. Entendemos que, ao passo que tais políticas de desenvolvimento rural contribuem para a melhoria das condições de vida, em termos materiais e simbólicos, elas também produzem ressonâncias relacionadas ao modo de subjetivação do tipo "empresário de si", que agenciam seus modos de viver, de produzir e de se relacionar consigo e com os outros na lógica capitalista neoliberal. A resistência às capturas neoliberais também estão presentes ao ampliarem as mobilizações coletivas do próprio movimento, articulando com outros na produção de um "comum".(AU)
This study proposes to analyze the relations and the processes of subjectivation of babassu coconut-breaker women arising from developmental policy interventions in their territories of life and reverberations in the Babassu Coconut-breaker Interstate Movement (MIQCB). From the ethical-aesthetic-political perspective of Cartography, we followed the narratives of the life stories of 24 women, their daily activities and promoted events by MIQCB, we also analyzed the policy documents. We understand that while these policies of rural development contribute to improve the living conditions, in material and symbolic terms, they also produce resonances related to the "self-entrepreneur" mode of subjectivation, which has been handling their ways of living, producing, and relating to themselves and others in the neoliberal capitalist logic. Resistance to neoliberal captures is also present as they expand the collective mobilizations of the movement itself, articulating with others, in the production of a "common."(AU)
Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los procesos de subjetivación de las mujeres que rompen coco babaçu que surgen de las intervenciones de las políticas de desarrollo en sus territorios de vida y las reverberaciones en el Movimiento Interestadual de las Mujeres que Rompen Coco Babaçu (MIQCB). Desde la perspectiva ético-estético-política de la Cartografía, seguimos las narraciones de las historias de vida de 24 mujeres, sus actividades diarias y eventos del MIQCB, y también analizamos los documentos de las políticas. Si bien estas políticas han contribuido a mejorar las condiciones de vida de las mujeres, en términos materiales y simbólicos, también han producido resonancias del modo de subjetivación "autoempresarial", que ha agenciado sus formas de vivir, producir y relacionarse consigo mismas y con los demás en la lógica capitalista neoliberal. La resistencia a las capturas neoliberales también está presente cuando amplían las movilizaciones colectivas del propio movimiento, articulándose con otros en la producción de un "común".(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Crecimiento y Desarrollo , Economía , Gobierno , Política , Pobreza , Psicología , Psicología Social , Política Pública , Jubilación , Población Rural , Deseabilidad Social , Justicia Social , Problemas Sociales , Ciencias Sociales , Suelo , Derechos de la Mujer , Madera , Políticas, Planificación y Administración en Salud , Planificación Socioeconómica , Políticas de Control Social , Legislación Ambiental , Brasil , Agua , Ejercicio Físico , Etnicidad , Desarrollo Económico , Áreas de Pobreza , Usos del Suelo , Medio Rural , Bosques , Organizaciones , Salud Ambiental , Conflicto de Intereses , Carga de Trabajo , Política de Planificación Familiar , Emprendimiento , Agroquímicos , Entrevista , Negociación Colectiva , Comercio , Productos Agrícolas , Gestión Ambiental , Explotación de Recursos Naturales , Recursos Naturales , Recursos Renovables , Reservas Naturales , Flora , Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Diversidad Cultural , Naturaleza , Feminismo , Industria Procesadora y de Extracción , Administración de Recursos Naturales , Economía Rural , Capitalismo , Estado , Poder Público , Biodiversidad , Agricultura , Eficiencia , Ambiente , Medio Ambiente y Salud Pública , Gestión de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación en Salud , Proyectos , Mercado de Trabajo , Vigilancia Sanitaria de Productos , Control y Fiscalización de Alimentos y Bebidas , Alimentos de Coco , Maquinaria , Agricultura Sostenible , Recursos no Renovables , Agroindustria , Comunicación Ambiental , Feminidad , Política Ambiental , Pequeña Empresa , Violencia Étnica , Factores Sociológicos , Alimentos , Equilibrio entre Vida Personal y Laboral , Activismo Político , Participación de los Interesados , Derechos Socioeconómicos , Territorio Ocupado , Desarrollo Sostenible , Programas Sociales , Pueblos Indígenas , Derecho al Trabajo , Empoderamiento , Inclusión Social , Equidad de Género , Rol de Género , Vulnerabilidad Social , Responsabilidad Ambiental , Responsabilidad Socioambiental , Diversidad, Equidad e Inclusión , Condiciones de Trabajo , Comercio de Vida Silvestre , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud , Vivienda , Actividades Humanas , Derechos Humanos , Sindicatos , Acontecimientos que Cambian la Vida , Antropología , Minería , Grupos ProfesionalesRESUMEN
Este estudo objetivou compreender a experiência de mulheres companheiras de homens privados de liberdade acerca da conjugalidade. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, em que participaram 12 mulheres companheiras de homens presos. Como instrumentos, utilizou-se um questionário de dados sociodemográficos e uma entrevista semiestruturada, a qual foi analisada por meio da Análise Temática. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que as mulheres lançavam mão de diferentes estratégias para se manterem próximas de seus companheiros, engajando-se no tratamento penal deles, o que repercutiu em uma percepção de incremento da coesão conjugal. O compromisso assumido com seus relacionamentos mostrou-se relacionado, além do amor sentido pelos parceiros, a um desejo de manutenção do casamento e da família nuclear, além de evidenciar experiências de ciúme por parte dos homens. Dificuldades na comunicação, conflitos relacionados à insatisfação com o contexto prisional, além da falta de privacidade na intimidade e sexualidade do casal foram referidos pelas participantes.(AU)
This study aimed to understand the experience of conjugality of female partners of imprisoned men. Therefore, 12 female partners of imprisoned men participated in a qualitative study. The participants answered to a sociodemographic questionnaire and a semi-structured interview, which was analyzed via Thematic Analysis. The results showed that women used different strategies to stay close to their partners, engaging in their criminal treatment, which reflected in a perception of increased marital cohesion. The commitment to the relationship was related to the love felt towards the partners, the desire to maintain the marriage and the nuclear family, in addition to the experience of men's jealousy. Moreover, it was identified difficulties in communication, conflicts related to dissatisfaction with prison context, and lack of privacy related to couple's intimacy and sexuality.(AU)
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la experiencia de las mujeres parejas de hombres encarcelados sobre la conyugalidad. Para ello, se realizó una investigación cualitativa, en la cual participaron doce mujeres parejas de hombres encarcelados. El instrumento utilizado fue un cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos y una entrevista semiestructurada, la cual se aplicó el análisis temático. Los resultados encontrados demostraron que las mujeres usaban diferentes estrategias para mantenerse cerca de sus parejas, comprometiéndose en el tratamiento delictivo de ellos, lo que repercutió en una percepción de mayor cohesión marital. El compromiso asumido con sus relaciones se mostró relacionado, además del amor a los cónyuges, a un deseo de mantenimiento del matrimonio y del núcleo familiar, y reveló experiencias de celos por parte de los hombres. Las dificultades en la comunicación, los conflictos relacionados a la insatisfacción con el contexto carcelario, y la ausencia de privacidad en la intimidad y sexualidad de la pareja fueron mencionadas por las participantes.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Prisiones , Prisioneros , Matrimonio , Ansiedad , Satisfacción Personal , Pobreza , Prejuicio , Psicología , Política Pública , Castigo , Calidad de Vida , Recursos Audiovisuales , Conducta Sexual , Vergüenza , Aislamiento Social , Problemas Sociales , Maltrato Conyugal , Teléfono , Violencia , Divorcio , Crianza del Niño , Composición Familiar , Salud , Salud Mental , Salud de la Familia , Conducta Autodestructiva , Responsabilidad Parental , Entrevista , Coito , Violencia Doméstica , Confidencialidad , Conflicto Psicológico , Privacidad , Vida , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias , Derecho Penal , Afecto , Amenazas , Vigilancia en Desastres , Complicidad , Responsabilidad Penal , Disentimientos y Disputas , Aplicación de la Ley , Agresión , Dominación-Subordinación , Emociones , Empatía , Miedo , Masculinidad , Estigma Social , Pandemias , Red Social , Marginación Social , Esperanza , Tráfico de Drogas , Integralidad en Salud , Factores Protectores , Coraje , Conducta Criminal , Difamación , Violencia de Género , Reincidencia , Participación de los Interesados , Expresión de Preocupación , Frustación , Desconcierto , Distrés Psicológico , Instalaciones Correccionales , Traición , Equidad de Género , Rol de Género , COVID-19 , Factores Sociodemográficos , Vulnerabilidad Social , Apoyo Familiar , Bienestar Psicológico , Personal de Instituciones Correccionales , Culpa , Promoción de la Salud , Derechos Humanos , Soledad , MoralRESUMEN
This study aimed to identify barriers to access to palliative care through a social mapping approach. In Colombia, the barriers to access to palliative care denote an enormous geographic disparity of resources and health needs, making it necessary to conduct community-based participatory research using an approach such as social mapping. A qualitative research design was used. Stakeholders from health insurance companies, regulatory authorities, regional health secretariats, health care professionals, patient and caregiver organizations, scientific societies, and medical journalists from 7 Colombian regions participated. It involved 3 stages. Stage 1: Semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews were conducted with 36 stakeholders and were subsequently transcribed and analyzed. Stage 2: An electronic survey was conducted to obtain feedback on the first outline of the map and the categories that emerged from stage 1. Stage 3: The nominal group technique was used to analyze and validate the barriers to access to palliative care included in the final map. The COREQ checklist was used. Twenty-seven barriers to access to palliative care related to limited availability of medications, stakeholders' poor knowledge of regulations, limited formal education in palliative care, few patients' support networks, patient care fragmentation, few specialized programs of palliative care, and mistaken beliefs about palliative care were identified. Stakeholders' diverse perspectives and opinions were crucial to understanding the development of palliative care in Colombia and its challenges. Better knowledge about palliative care can open opportunities to overcome the barriers identified in this study, directly impacting access to palliative care.
Asunto(s)
Cuidados Paliativos , Participación de los Interesados , Humanos , Colombia , Investigación Cualitativa , CuidadoresRESUMEN
Benefits of physical activity (PA) in breast cancer survivors (BCS) are well established. However, programs to promote PA among BCS tailored to real-world contexts within low- to middle-income countries are limited. Cross-sector co-creation can be key to effective and scalable programs for BCS in these countries. This study aimed to evaluate the networking process to engage multisector stakeholders in the co-creation of a PA program for Colombian BCS called My Body. We employed a mixed-methods design including semistructured interviews, workshops and a social network analysis of centrality measures to assess stakeholders' engagement, resources and skills enabling the collaborative work, challenges, outcomes and lessons learned. The descriptive analysis and the centrality measures of the network revealed that 19 cross-sector stakeholders engaged in the My Body collaborative network. Through ongoing communication and cooperation, My Body built relationships between the academic lead institutions (local and international), and local and national public, private and academic institutions working in public health, sports and recreation, social sciences and engineering fields. The outcomes included the co-creation of the community-based PA program for BCS, its implementation through cross-sector synergies, increased relationships and communications among stakeholders, and successful dissemination of evidence and project results to the collaboration partners and other relevant stakeholders and community members. The mixed-methods assessment enabled understanding of ways to advance cross-sector co-creation of health promotion programs. The findings can help to enable continued development of sustainable cross-sector co-creation processes aimed at advancing PA promotion.
Collaborative work among stakeholders and researchers from different governmental sectors and disciplinary fields can be key to design and implement effective and scalable programs to promote physical activity (PA) among breast cancer survivors (BCS). This might be particularly critical in low- to middle-income countries where the implementation of evidence-based health-promoting programs tailored to real-world contexts are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the networking process to engage multisector stakeholders in the co-creation of a PA program for Colombian BCS. We employed qualitative methods and social network analyses to assess stakeholders' engagement, resources and skills enabling the collaborative work, challenges, outcomes and lessons learned. The co-creation of the program improved synergies between research, policy and practice. Communication through several channels including e-mail and workshops was the key resource to advance the collaborative work. Stakeholders underscored that cross-sector networking allowed allocating resources and achieving shared goals. Sustainable cross-sector collaborative processes are key for health promotion.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Supervivientes de Cáncer , Colombia , Ejercicio Físico , Femenino , Humanos , Participación de los InteresadosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: To achieve global health targets, innovative approaches are needed to strengthen the implementation of efficacious interventions. New approaches in implementation research that bring together health system decision-makers alongside researchers to collaboratively design, produce and apply research evidence are gaining traction. Embedded implementation research (EIR) approaches led by decision-maker principal investigators (DM PIs) appear promising in this regard. Our aim is to describe the strategies study teams employ in the post-research phase of EIR to promote evidence-informed programme or policy improvement. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, comparative case study of an EIR initiative in Bolivia, Colombia and Dominican Republic. Guided by a conceptual framework on EIR, we used semi-structured key informant interviews (n = 51) and document reviews (n = 20) to examine three decision-maker-led study teams ("cases"). Focusing on three processes (communication/dissemination, stakeholder engagement with evidence, integrating evidence in decision-making) and the main outcome (enacting improvements), we used thematic analysis to identify associated strategies and enabling or hindering factors. RESULTS: Across cases, we observed diverse strategies, shaped substantially by whether the DM PI was positioned to lead the response to study findings within their sphere of work. We found two primary change pathways: (1) DM PIs implement remedial measures directly, and (2) DM PIs seek to influence other stakeholders to respond to study findings. Throughout the post-research phase, EIR teams adapted research use strategies based on the evolving context. CONCLUSIONS: EIR led by well-positioned DM PIs can facilitate impactful research translation efforts. We draw lessons around the importance of (1) understanding DM PI positionality, (2) ongoing assessment of the evolving context and stakeholders and (3) iterative adaptation to dynamic, uncertain circumstances. Findings may guide EIR practitioners in planning and conducting fit-for-purpose and context-sensitive strategies to advance the use of evidence for programme improvement.
Asunto(s)
Programas de Gobierno , Participación de los Interesados , República Dominicana , Humanos , América Latina , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
This review article addresses challenges in the management of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves (BRs) by analyzing the value of research published in journals, chapters, and books that are not indexed by Web of Science or Scopus. This widely ignored body of grounded knowledge allows deeper insights when assessing participatory management of BRs, an imperative reflected in guiding principles such as Aichi Target 11. The scoping literature review conducted found 120 publications that address stakeholder participation in decision-making and the economic benefits generated in Mexican BRs. Only 65 of those studies were published in indexed journals, while national outlets accounted for the other 55, most of them also peer-reviewed publications. International papers differ from national ones regarding spatial coverage, research foci, and the methods applied. Though both bodies of publications identified similar challenges, each sheds a distinct light on social-environmental contexts and regions. However, there is a consensus that genuine stakeholder participation has not yet been achieved.
Asunto(s)
Participación de los Interesados , México , UNESCORESUMEN
Increasing attention is paid to the interdependence between the ecological and human dimensions to improve the management of natural resources. Understanding how artisanal fishers see and use the common-pool resources in a co-management system may hold the clue to establishing effective coastal fisheries policies or strengthening existing ones. A more comprehensive planning of the system will also have a bearing on how to reduce conflicts and strengthen social networks. We surveyed artisanal fishers and decision-makers to determine their perceptions about the Management and Exploitation Areas of Benthic Resources (known as MEABR) in Chile's Biobio region. We performed a field study from November 2018 to August 2019, applying a set of questionnaires to determine the ecological and human attributes that contribute to MEABR outcomes, and then constructed composite scores for those attributes according to a multidimensional scaling technique ("Rapfish"). We find that fishers have different perspectives: surprisingly, women highlighted that the institutional dimension was the most influential on MEABR performance, whereas men highlighted the ecological and economic outcomes. The decision-makers' role in the MEABR system was considered adequate, but communication and socialization of regulations were irregular. Results also showed that fishers expressed dissatisfaction with illegal fishing practices (poaching), productivity, profits, and conflicts inside and outside the MEABRs. Our study allowed us to better understand how the MEABR has developed in the region. We recommend strengthening local management strategies with particular attention paid to networking among stakeholders, including gender inclusive relationships.
Asunto(s)
Conservación de los Recursos Naturales , Ecosistema , Explotaciones Pesqueras , Percepción , Participación de los Interesados , Adulto , Anciano , Chile , Comunicación , Toma de Decisiones , Femenino , Geografía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tamaño de la Muestra , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
There are two common household disinfection interventions to prevent interhousehold transmission of cholera: household spraying, whereby a team disinfects cholera patients' households, and household disinfection kits (HDKs), whereby cleaning materials are provided to cholera patients' family members. Currently, both interventions lack evidence, and international agencies recommend HDK distribution; however, household spraying remains widely implemented. To understand this disconnect, we conducted 14 key informant interviews with international and national responders and a study in Haiti assessing HDK efficacy using two training modules including 20 household surveys and 327 surfaces samples before and after cleaning. During interviews, 80% of the international-level informants discussed evidence gaps for both interventions, and 60% preferred HDKs. Conversely, no national-level informants knew what an HDK was; therefore, they all preferred spraying. Informants discussed behavior changes, bleach perceptions, and implementation as facilitators and/or barriers to implementing both interventions. In households, training with demonstrations regarding the use of HDK led to increased reductions of Escherichia coli (P < 0.001) and Vibrio spp. (P < 0.001) on surfaces after participants cleaned the household compared with a hygiene promotion session only. These results emphasize the gap between the current international-level policy and the realities of cholera response programs, highlight the need for evidence to align household disinfection recommendations, and underscore the importance of the dissemination and training of responders and affected populations regarding methods to prevent intrahousehold cholera transmission.