RESUMEN
Maternal depressive symptoms are associated with poorer sleep quality in their children. Although parasomnias can occur at any age, this group of sleep disorders is more common in children. The aim of this study was to assess whether maternal depression trajectories predict parasomnias at the age of 11 years. Data were from a Birth Cohort of 4231 individuals followed in the city of Pelotas, Brazil. Maternal depressive symptoms were assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 12, 24, and 48 months, and 6 and 11 years postpartum. Maternal depression trajectories were calculated using a group-based modelling approach. Information on any parasomnias (confused arousals, sleepwalking, night terrors, and nightmares) was provided by the mother. Five trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms were identified: chronic-low (34.9%), chronic-moderate (41.4%), increasing (10.3%), decreasing (8.9%), and chronic-high (4.4%). The prevalence of any parasomnia at the age of 11 years was 16.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.6%-18.1%). Confusional arousal was the most prevalent type of parasomnia (14.5%) and varied from 8.7% to 14.7%, 22.9%, 20.3%, and 27.5% among children of mothers at chronic-low, moderate-low, increasing, decreasing, and chronic-high trajectories, respectively (p < 0.001). Compared to children from mothers in the chronic-low trajectory, the adjusted prevalence ratio for any parasomnia was 1.58 (95% CI 1.29-1.94), 2.34 (95% CI 1.83-2.98), 2.15 (95% CI 1.65-2.81), and 3.07 (95% CI 2.31-4.07) among those from mothers in the moderate-low, increasing, decreasing, and chronic-high trajectory groups, respectively (p < 0.001). In conclusion, parasomnias were more prevalent among children of mothers with chronic symptoms of depression.
Asunto(s)
Terrores Nocturnos , Parasomnias , Trastornos del Despertar del Sueño , Sonambulismo , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Depresión/epidemiología , Parasomnias/epidemiología , Sonambulismo/epidemiología , Madres , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Esse artigo se baseia nas publicações de Schenck, especialista no assunto. Parassonias são comportamentos sexuais anômalos relacionados ao sono, caracterizados por movimentos complexos, emoções, percepções, sonhos e atividade do sistema nervoso autônomo. Podem provocar lesões, interrupção do sono, efeitos adversos à saúde e psicossociais. O diagnóstico é clínico: história médica e antecedentes (relatos de parcerias ou familiares e vídeos domésticos). Polissonografia é reservada para casos atípicos. O tratamento inclui medidas protetivas, esclarecimento ao familiar/cônjuge, controle dos fatores precipitantes, medicamento (clonazepam) e psicoterapia. A sexônia é uma parassonia (subtipo não REM), melhor estudada. Masturbação e tentativas inadequadas de obter relações sexuais (seguidas de amnésia ou lembrança vaga) são frequentes. A frequência em clínicas do sono é de 7,6% (homens 11,0%; mulheres 4,0%). Esses comportamentos surgem no curso de longa história de parassonia, desencadeando despertares confusionais. Terapia nasal com pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas pode controlar. Em homens, ereção peniana, associada à sexônia, é referida pela parceria. Providência importante é inquirir sobre sexônia, quando houver suspeita, uma vez que o paciente e/ou sua parceria não costumam falar, a menos que sejam solicitados ou por questões legais. Revisão de 18 casos médico-legais sobre violência relacionada ao sono e comportamento sexual durante o sono encontrou 9 casos em que sexônia foi alegada pela defesa. Foram apresentadas avaliações dos réus, as quais diferiram de caso para caso, alertando para a necessidade de consenso internacional. Abuso de álcool desqualifica a "defesa baseada em parassonia [sexônia]" em casos médico-legais.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Conducta Sexual , Parasomnias/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Parasomnias/terapia , Trastornos del Despertar del Sueño/epidemiología , Medicina LegalRESUMEN
Los sueños en niños y adultos son frecuentes, pero con contenido perturbador y un aumento en la frecuencia, deben ser una alarma para el médico y la familia. Las pesadillas son un tipo de parasomnia, principalmente asociada con el sueño REM. Las pesadillas son más frecuentes en el insomnio y también pueden causar insomnio debido al miedo al sueño. Están relacionados con altos niveles de ansiedad, miedo a conciliar el sueño o déficits cognitivos secundarios a la privación del sueño y, por lo tanto, pueden aumentar la vulnerabilidad al desarrollo de otros trastornos mentales. Las pesadillas tienen relevancia clínica porque deterioran la salud física y mental y están relacionadas con una mayor tasa de suicidio. La consulta debe guiarnos como una bandera roja para evaluar el estado de salud; la cantidad y calidad del sueño; y factores como comorbilidades asociadas, consumo de drogas o síntomas de abstinencia, o vulnerabilidades. Esta revisión se basó en dos casos clínicos, un niño que se presentó en la pandemia y un adolescente que presentó inicio abrupto de pesadillas.
Dreams in children and adults are frequent, but with disturbing content and an increase in frequency, they should be an alarm for the doctor and the family. Nightmares are a type of parasomnia, mostly associated with REM sleep. Nightmares are more frequent in insomnia and can also themselves cause insomnia due to fear of sleep. They are related to high levels of anxiety, fear of falling asleep or cognitive deficits secondary to sleep deprivation and, therefore, may increase vulnerability to the development of other mental disorders. Nightmares have clinical relevance because they deteriorate physical and mental health and are related to a higher suicide rate. The consultation should guide us as a red flag to evaluate the state of health; the quantity and quality of sleep; and factors such as associated comorbidities, drug use or withdrawal symptoms, or vulnerabilities. In this review based on two clinical cases, a child who presented in the pandemic and an adolescent who presented abrupt onset and nightmares.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Sueños/psicología , Parasomnias/psicologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of sleep disorders in Brazilian preschool children and its associations with parental report of dental pain and discomfort. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved 604 Brazilian preschoolers (4-5 years old). Sleep disorders (SD) and the parental report of dental pain and discomfort (DPD) were evaluated using the Brazilian versions of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and the Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ-B), respectively. Bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression analyses with robust variance were performed to analyze the association between SDSC and DP. RESULTS: Prevalence of SD ranged from 7 to 21%. 7.9% of the children had DPD indicating the need for more invasive dental procedures (DDQ-B ≥ 5). Significant associations were found between DPD and the following SDSC domains: sleep hyperhidrosis (p = 0.024; PRa = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.04-1.83), disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep (p < 0.001; PRa = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.15-1.73), parasomnias (p < 0.001; PRa = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.39-2.37), and sleep-wake transition disorders (p = 0.018; PRa = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.04-1.58). Children with higher prevalence of DPD presented 20% higher prevalence of SD than children lower prevalence of DPD (p = 0.039; PRa = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.01-1.44). CONCLUSION: Preschool children with higher prevalence of DPD are more likely to have SD, such as hyperhidrosis, disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep, parasomnias, and sleep-wake transition.
Asunto(s)
Hiperhidrosis , Parasomnias , Trastornos del Inicio y del Mantenimiento del Sueño , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia , Preescolar , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Hiperhidrosis/complicaciones , Dolor/complicaciones , Parasomnias/complicaciones , Padres , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/epidemiología , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/complicaciones , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Odontología PediátricaRESUMEN
Sleep is the main activity of the developing brain and indispensable for the maturation of the central nervous system. Sleep habits are influenced by biological, social and cultural factors and play a role in learning and memory processes. It is estimated that 25-50% of children have sleep difficulties. There is consensus that insufficient sleep has a negative impact on neurodevelopment. Sleep disorders double their incidence in children with neurological disorders, with a bidirectional reciprocal causal link. They are classified into: insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, centrally caused hypersomnolence disorders, circadian cycle disorders, parasomnias, sleep-related movement disorders, and others. Despite the scientific evidence of the importance of sleep in early childhood, a high percentage of children do not comply with the recommended hours of sleep, which reflects the importance of training the pediatrician in this problem, which has increased during the pandemic.
El sueño es la principal actividad del cerebro en desarrollo e indispensable para la maduración del sistema nervioso central. Los hábitos de sueño están influenciados por factores biológicos, sociales y culturales y cumplen un rol en procesos de aprendizaje y memoria. Se estima que el 25-50% de los niños presentan dificultades del sueño. Existe consenso de que el sueño insuficiente ejerce un impacto negativo en el neurodesarrollo. Los trastornos del sueño duplican su incidencia en niños con trastornos neurológicos, con un vínculo de causalidad recíproco bidireccional. Se clasifican en: insomnio, trastornos de la respiración relacionados con el sueño, trastornos de hipersomnolencia de causa central, trastornos del ciclo circadiano, parasomnias, trastornos del movimiento relacionados con el sueño y otros. A pesar de la evidencia científica de la importancia del sueño en la primera infancia, un alto porcentaje de niños no cumplen con las horas de sueño recomendadas, lo que refleja la importancia de capacitar al pediatra en esta problemática, incrementada en el curso de la pandemia.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso , Parasomnias , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia , Encéfalo , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Sueño/fisiología , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/complicacionesRESUMEN
Parasomnias are involuntary behaviors or subjective experiences during sleep. Our objective was to review existing information on the presence of parasomnias in patients with addictions or during treatment for addictions. Information about parasomnias related to rapid-eye-movement (REM) and non-REM sleep in patients with addictions, while using substances or in abstinence, was reviewed. A systematic search of published articles reporting parasomnias as a consequence of drug use or abuse was conducted in the PubMed and SciELO databases. The search for the studies was performed in three phases: (1) by title, (2) by abstract, and (3) by complete text. The search was performed independently by two researchers, who then compared their results from each screening phase. Seventeen articles were found. The consumption of alcohol was reported in association with arousal disorders, such as sexsomnia and sleep-related eating disorder; and REM sleep behavior disorder was reported during alcohol withdrawal. Cocaine abuse was associated with REM sleep behavior disorder with drug consumption dream content. Overall, we found that several types of parasomnias were very frequent in patients with addictions. To avoid accidents in bedroom, legal problems, and improve evolution and prognosis; must be mandatory to include security measures related to sleep period; avoid pharmacological therapy described as potential trigger factor; improve sleep hygiene; and give pharmacological and behavioral treatments for patients with these comorbid sleep disorders.
Asunto(s)
Alcoholismo , Parasomnias , Trastorno de la Conducta del Sueño REM , Síndrome de Abstinencia a Sustancias , Humanos , Parasomnias/diagnóstico , Parasomnias/epidemiología , Parasomnias/terapia , Trastorno de la Conducta del Sueño REM/diagnóstico , SueñoRESUMEN
Catatrenia (gemido nocturno) es una condición rara caracterizada por sonidos irregulares que ocurren durante el sueño. Los comportamientos ocurren intermitentemente durante cualquiera de las dos etapas de sueño, REM o NREM y se caracterizan por gemidos prolongados, a menudo muy fuertes, socialmente perturbadores, durante la expiración. Es poco conocido y espera más definición y estudios terapéuticos. Hay pocos reportes y en su mayoría de pacientes adultos. Se presentan 3 casos en pacientes pediátricos.
Catathrenia (nocturnal groaning) is a rare condition characterized by irregular sounds that occur during sleep. The behaviors occur intermittently during either REM or NREM sleep and are characterized by prolonged, often very loud, socially disruptive groaning sounds during expiration. It is poorly understood and awaits further definition and therapeutic studies. There are few reports mostly adult patients are presented below 3 cases in pediatric patients.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Niño , Adolescente , Parasomnias/diagnóstico , Parasomnias/fisiopatología , Síndromes de la Apnea del Sueño/diagnóstico , Síndromes de la Apnea del Sueño/fisiopatología , Ruidos Respiratorios , Polisomnografía , LlantoRESUMEN
This article is a comprehensive review of the clinical evaluation of sleep-related movement disorders. In this review, the authors present a practical approach to help clinicians identify the "pattern recognition" of movement and behavior disorders during sleep, with the process of translating a particular movement that occurs when asleep, with clinically classifying disorders, and with obtaining an etiologic diagnosis. The aim is not to provide an exhaustive review of the literature, but to concentrate on the most important symptoms, so the clinical approach can be improved and the best choices can be made during the diagnostic process.
Asunto(s)
Parasomnias/diagnóstico , HumanosRESUMEN
Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of sleep bruxism and its association with oral health conditions in schoolchildren. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in public schools of Tubarão, SC, Brazil with students aged 10 to 15 years. The oral examination was performed in classrooms by dental surgeons, using the WHO criteria. Data on malocclusions, caries and dental trauma, fluorosis, bleeding gums and the presence of dental calculus were collected. For the diagnosis of bruxism, the criterion of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine was adopted. The chi-square test was used to assess the association between sleep bruxism and oral health conditions. Prevalence ratios and confidence intervals were estimated by Poisson regression with robust estimator. Results: A total of 389 students were examined. The prevalence of sleep bruxism was 22.0%. Schoolchildren with malocclusion, increased overjet and dental calculus showed a statistically higher and independent prevalence of 9.0% (p=0.003), 6.0% (p=0.006) and 19.0% (p<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Prevalence of sleep bruxism was 22% in the study population and was associated with malocclusions, particularly increased overjet, and the presence of dental calculus.
Asunto(s)
Brasil/epidemiología , Salud Bucal , Bruxismo del Sueño/diagnóstico , Parasomnias/diagnóstico , Maloclusión , Estudiantes , Bruxismo , Estudios Epidemiológicos , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Prevalencia , Estudios Transversales/métodos , Análisis MultivarianteRESUMEN
Non-epileptic paroxysmal disorders are frequent events in the neonate, generally transient. However, due to their intensity they can be confused as true epileptic seizures. The objective of this review is to update the concepts in relation to tremors, neonatal benign sleep myoclonus (MNBS) and hyperekplexia. The tremors are very frequent, once identified it must be determined if they belong to a hyperexcitability syndrome related to maternal or perinatal factors, in idiopathic cases a good prognosis is expected. MNBS are often confused with epileptic seizures. They are characterized by the fact that myoclonus is brief and occurs only in sleep, children are normal, and the EEG is also normal. Hyperekplexia is a rare, genetically determined disorder characterized by hypertonia and exaggerated startle reactions to a banal stimulus, which can be improved with clonazepam.
Asunto(s)
Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Hiperekplexia/diagnóstico , Parasomnias/diagnóstico , Convulsiones/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Electroencefalografía , Humanos , Recién NacidoRESUMEN
Los trastornos paroxísticos no epilépticos son eventos frecuentes en el neonato, generalmente transitorios. Sin embargo, por su intensidad pueden ser confundidos como verdaderas crisis epilépticas. El objetivo de esta revisión es actualizar los conceptos en relación a los temblores, mioclonías neonatales benignas del sueño (MNBS) e hiperecplexia. Los temblores son muy frecuentes, una vez identificados debe determinarse si pertenecen a un síndrome de hiperexcitabilidad relacionado con factores maternos o perinatales, en casos idiopáticos se espera buen pronóstico. Las MNBS con frecuencia se confunden con crisis epilépticas, se caracterizan porque las mioclonías son breves y solo se presentan en el sueño, los niños son normales y el EEG también es normal. La hiperecplexia es un trastorno raro, genéticamente determinado, caracterizado por hipertonía y reacciones de sobresalto exagerado ante un estímulo banal, que pueden mejorar con clonazepam.
Non-epileptic paroxysmal disorders are frequent events in the neonate, generally transient. However, due to their intensity they can be confused as true epileptic seizures. The objective of this review is to update the concepts in relation to tremors, neonatal benign sleep myoclonus (MNBS) and hyperekplexia. The tremors are very frequent, once identified it must be determined if they belong to a hyperexcitability syndrome related to maternal or perinatal factors, in idiopathic cases a good prognosis is expected. MNBS are often confused with epileptic seizures. They are characterized by the fact that myoclonus is brief and occurs only in sleep, children are normal, and the EEG is also normal. Hyperekplexia is a rare, genetically determined disorder characterized by hypertonia and exaggerated startle reactions to a banal stimulus, which can be improved with clonazepam.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Convulsiones/diagnóstico , Parasomnias/diagnóstico , Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Hiperekplexia/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , ElectroencefalografíaRESUMEN
El sueño es un requerimiento biológico para la vida, sus alteraciones o su ausencia pueden disminuir la calidad de vida, el estado anímico y funcional, afectando seriamente la salud. Un sueño placentero y reparador implica cursar por facetas de profundidad diversa y actividad neuronal compleja. En este artículo se intentan explicar las generalidades del proceso del sueño y algunos de sus trastornos que lo relacionan con aumento de la actividad de los músculos masticatorios (bruxismo). Son presentados aspectos clínicos y neuronales que inducen a un incremento de microdespertares como alteración del sueño, estimulando bruxismo nocturno y bruxismo asociado a apnea nocturna. Son discutidas las posibles relaciones bidireccionales entre bruxismo diurno y nocturno secundarias a modifi caciones en la cantidad y calidad del proceso del sueño. De la misma manera, son sugeridas algunas consideraciones semiológicas y nosológicas para el mejor manejo y control del bruxismo asociado a las alteraciones del sueño, bajo el diagnóstico, atención y supervisión de equipos de atención multi- e interdisciplinarios (AU)
Sleep is a biological requirement for life, its alterations or privation thereof may reduce a person's quality of life, his or her state of mind and physical functions, which signifi cantly aff ects their health. Pleasant and repairing sleep implies going through variable deepness sleep stages, and a complex neuronal activity. This article intends to explain the generalities of the sleep process and certain disorders, particularly those in connection with the activity of the mastication muscles (bruxism). Clinical and neuronal aspects are presented inducing an increase in micro-awakenings such as sleep alterations stimulating nocturnal and bruxism associated with sleep apnea. Bidirectional connections between diurnal and nocturnal bruxism are argued as secondary to changes in the amount and quality of the sleep process. In the same manner, certain considerations associated to semiology and nosology of the diverse bruxism manifestations are considered for the better handling and control of the bruxism associated with sleep alterations under the diagnosis attention and supervision of multi- and interdisciplinary teams (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Trastornos del Despertar del Sueño , Bruxismo del Sueño , Fases del Sueño , Disomnias , Neurotransmisores , Parasomnias , Grupo de Atención al Paciente , Síndromes de la Apnea del Sueño , Sueño REM , Estrés PsicológicoRESUMEN
Los eventos de apnea o hipopnea durante el proceso del sueño se caracterizan por una disminución o bloqueo de la respiración induciendo a un estado orgánico de hipooxigenación que a su vez induce a microdespertares en reacción fi siológica de protección del organismo. Durante estos eventos, el individuo transita de una fase profunda del sueño a una más superfi cial. La repetición de los eventos de apnea/hipopnea provoca que el sueño no sea reparador física y emocionalmente, además de provocar una hiperactividad motora de los músculos masticadores. induciendo un incremento en la frecuencia e intensidad de movimientos rítmicos masticatorios que eventualmente pueden promover daños musculares, articulares, mucosos y dentales. El incremento de los movimientos rítmicos mandibulares también se observa en bruxismo nocturno, lo que abre la posibilidad que haya un efecto sumatorio entre ellos. Para ambos tipos de padecimientos, la polisomnografía empleada en tiempos modernos es un procedimiento para evaluar las alteraciones del sueño, que puede demostrar que los microdespertares preceden a un incremento de manifestaciones del sistema nervioso autónomo, incluida la hiperactividad muscular, la cual puede provocar alteraciones orgánicas de tipo sistémico, además de episodios de apretamiento y rechinamiento dental (AU)
The events of apnea or hypopnea during the sleep process are characterized by a decrease or obstruction of respiration inducing an organic state of hypooxygenation that in turn induces micro-arousals as a physiological reaction to protect the organism. During these events, the individual transits from a deep sleep phase to a more superfi cial phase. The repetition of apnea/hypopnea events causes a sleep that is nor physically neither emotionally repairing; furthermore inducing a motor hyperactivity of the masticatory muscles which increases the frequency and intensity of rhythmic masticatory movements that can eventually promote muscular, joint (TMJ), mucous and dental damage. That increase of the rhythmic masticatory movements is also observed in sleep bruxism, which leaves open the possibility of observing a summation eff ect with sleep apnea. For this type of conditions, polysomnography is a procedure that assesses sleep disturbances and demonstrates that micro-arousal precedes an increase autonomic changes, including muscle hyperactivity, which eventually could cause organic systemic alterations, as well episodes of clenching and dental grinding (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Apnea , Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño , Trastornos del Despertar del Sueño , Bruxismo del Sueño , Parasomnias , PolisomnografíaRESUMEN
Este artigo (2/2) compõe uma revisão sobre fundamentos do sono e transtornos do sono (TS), sendo aqui considerados: 1-Incapacidade de dormir na hora desejada-atraso de fase, avanço de fase, ''jet lag'', ritmo sono-vigília irregular, sono/vigília de livre curso, transtornos dos trabalhadores em turnos; 2-Movimentos ou comportamentos anormais durante o sono. Este segundo grupo é aqui subdividido em: A1-Parassonias relacionadas ao sono NREM (Non-rapid eye movement) despertar confusional, sonambulismo, terror noturno, síndrome da cabeça explosiva, alucinações relacionadas ao sono, enurese noturna e parassonias causadas por doenças e medicações; A2-Parassonias relacionadas ao sono REM (rapid eye movement) - transtorno comportamental do sono REM, pesadelos, paralisias recorrentes isoladas do sono, promulgação sono ''dream enactment behavior"; B-Transtornos do movimento relacionados ao sono-bruxismo, síndrome das pernas inquietas, movimentos periódicos das pernas, câimbras do sono, movimentos rítmicos relacionados ao sono, mioclonias proprioespinhais do início do sono, movimentos relacionados à medicação, mioclonias em doenças sistêmicas e mioclonias benignas do sono em bebês.(AU)
This is the second part (2/2) of an article that intends to review major topics regarding sleep fundamentals and sleep disorders (SD), now considering: 1-Circadian rhythm disorders-delayed onset sleep phase disorder, advanced onset sleep phase disorder, jet lag, irregular sleep-wake rhythm, free-running type, shift work type; 2-Abnormal movements or behaviours during sleep. This second category is divided in two groups: A1-NREM (Non-rapid eye movement) parasomnias confusional awakening, sleepwalking, night terrors, explosive head syndrome, sleep-related hallucinations, nocturnal enuresis and parasomnias related to diseases or medications; A2-REM (Rapid eye movement) parasomnias-REM sleep behaviour disorder, nightmares, recurrent isolated sleep paralysis, dream enactment behaviour; B-Sleep related movement disorders-bruxism, restless legs syndrome, periodical limb movement disorders, nocturnal leg cramps, sleep related rhythmic movement disorder, propriospinal myoclonus, movements related to medication use, myoclonus related to systemic diseases and benign myoclonus of sleep.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/diagnóstico , Trastornos del Sueño del Ritmo Circadiano/diagnóstico , Trastornos del Sueño del Ritmo Circadiano/tratamiento farmacológico , Parasomnias/diagnóstico , Trastorno de la Conducta del Sueño REM/diagnóstico , Trastorno de la Conducta del Sueño REM/tratamiento farmacológico , Clonazepam/uso terapéutico , Melatonina/uso terapéutico , Trastornos del MovimientoRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective To verify if nighttime feeding habits can influence parasomnia in children. Method Seven private and four public Elementary Schools took part in the study. A total of 595 Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children were distributed to the parents of children aged from 7 to 8 years. Data of dietary recall, starting time to school, physical activity, and nutritional status were studied. Results Of the 226 questionnaires completed, 92 (41%) reported parasomnia. Girls had 2.3 times more the chance to parasomnia than boys. Children who consumed stimulant foods had 2.6 times more chance to have parasomnia than those of children who consumed non-stimulant foods. There were no difference between parasomnia and no-parasomnia groups in food type (p = 0.78) or timing of last meal before bedtime (p = 0.50). Conclusion Our findings suggest that intake of stimulant foods is associated with development of parasomnia in children.
RESUMO Objetivo Verificar se hábitos de alimentação noturna influenciam parassonias em crianças. Método Sete escolas privadas e quatro públicas, de Ensino Fundamental, fizeram parte do estudo. Um total de 595 Escalas de Distúrbio do Sono para Crianças foram distribuídas para os pais de crianças entre 7 e 8 anos. Dados de recordatório alimentar, período escolar, atividade física e estado nutricional foram estudados. Resultados Dos 226 questionários preenchidos, 92 (41%) relataram presença de parassonias. Meninas tiveram 2,3 vezes mais chance de parassonias e crianças que consumiram alimentos estimulantes tiveram 2,6 vezes mais chance de parassonias em relação àquelas que consumiram alimentos não estimulantes. Não houve diferença entre os grupos em relação ao tipo de alimento (p = 0,78) ou horário da última refeição antes de ir para a cama (p = 0,50). Conclusão Nossos achados sugerem que a ingestão de alimentos estimulantes está associada com o desenvolvimento de parassonias em crianças.
Asunto(s)
Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Cafeína/efectos adversos , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/efectos adversos , Conducta Alimentaria/fisiología , Alimentos/efectos adversos , Comidas/fisiología , Parasomnias/etiología , Parasomnias/metabolismo , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios Transversales , Cafeína/administración & dosificación , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/administración & dosificación , Estado Nutricional/fisiología , Prevalencia , Parasomnias/epidemiología , Factores Sexuales , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To verify if nighttime feeding habits can influence parasomnia in children. METHOD: Seven private and four public Elementary Schools took part in the study. A total of 595 Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children were distributed to the parents of children aged from 7 to 8 years. Data of dietary recall, starting time to school, physical activity, and nutritional status were studied. RESULTS: Of the 226 questionnaires completed, 92 (41%) reported parasomnia. Girls had 2.3 times more the chance to parasomnia than boys. Children who consumed stimulant foods had 2.6 times more chance to have parasomnia than those of children who consumed non-stimulant foods. There were no difference between parasomnia and no-parasomnia groups in food type (p = 0.78) or timing of last meal before bedtime (p = 0.50). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that intake of stimulant foods is associated with development of parasomnia in children.
Asunto(s)
Cafeína/efectos adversos , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/efectos adversos , Conducta Alimentaria/fisiología , Alimentos/efectos adversos , Comidas/fisiología , Parasomnias/etiología , Parasomnias/metabolismo , Índice de Masa Corporal , Cafeína/administración & dosificación , Estimulantes del Sistema Nervioso Central/administración & dosificación , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estado Nutricional/fisiología , Parasomnias/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores Sexuales , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Introdução: A enurese noturna (EN) é considerada como a eliminação de urina no período noturno, de forma involuntária, em indivíduos com cinco ou mais anos de idade em pelo menos duas noites no mês até todas as noites. EN pode ser do tipo monossintomática, quando ocorre na ausência de outros sintomas, ou não monossintomática, na presença de sintomas de vesicais diurnos. Apesar de historicamente conhecida com uma desordem psiquiátrica, a EN monossintomática está incluída na Classificação Internacional dos Transtornos de 2012 como uma parassonia podendo ocorrer em qualquer fase do sono, porém predominantemente no sono não REM. Está comumente associada a hiperatividade vesical, produção excessiva de urina e falha em acordar após o enchimento vesical. Apesar de ocorrer no sono, a avaliação do sono pelos padrões usuais falhou em encontrar justificativa para este processo patológico. A análise da microestrutura do sono é uma ferramenta mais refinada e precisa que pode auxiliar na busca do mecanismo neurofisiológico que justifica este processo. Objetivo: Analisar os padrões de microarquitetura de sono atrvés do Padrão alternante Cíclico (CAP) nas crianças com EN monossintomática para melhor compreensão das bases neurofisiológicas da EN. Metodologia: Trinta e seis crianças sendo, 22 enuréticos e 14 controles com idade variando entre sete e 17 anos de idade, que satisfizeram os critérios de inclusão, foram submetidas a triagem clínica e laboratorial, avaliados quanto aos aspectos do sono, com uso de diários de sono, das escalas de Berlin, Sleep Scale for Children (SDSC) e Escala de Sonolência de Epworth e posteriormente submetidos ao de estudo polissonográfico completo de noite inteira, com a avaliação do CAP. Resultados: As escalas de sonolência e de Berlin não evidenciaram anormalidades, o SDSC evidenciou apneia em 11/22 (50%), hiperidrose em 2/22 (9%) e transtorno da transição vigília-sono, do despertar e do início e manutenção de sono em 1/22...
Introduction: Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is defined as the lack of nocturnal urine control, in individuals with five or more years old for at least two nights in a month, but up to every night. EN can be monosymptomatic (ENM), when it occurs in the absence of other symptoms or non monosymptomatic in the presence of diurnal renal symptoms. Although historically known as a psychiatric disorder, ENM is included in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders 2012 as a parasomnia. It can occur at any sleep stage but predominantly in non-REM sleep. EN is commonly associated to bladder hyperactivity, excessive urine production and/or failure to wake up after bladder filling. Despite the occurrence in sleep, standard sleep evaluation has failed to find abnormalities. The analysis of sleep microstructure is a refined and more accurate tool that can help find the neurophysiological mechanism underlying this process. Purpose: To evaluate sleep microarchitecture through Clyclic Altenating Pattern (CAP) analysis in children with monosymptomatic NE and provide a better understanding of the neurophysiological basis of EN. Methods: After IRB approval, 36 children, 22 with NE and 14 controls aged between seven and 17 years old who met the inclusion criteria were submitted to clinical and laboratory screening, evaluated for aspects of sleep, using sleep logs, Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), Sleep Scale for Children (SDSC) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and submitted to a full polysomnographic study, with evaluation of CAP. Results: ESS and BQ evidenced no abnormalities, the SDSC showed mild sleep apnea in 11/22 (50%), hyperhidrosis in 2/22 (9%) and disorder of the sleep-wake transition, awakening and initiation and maintenance sleep in 1/22 (4.5%) each. Analysis of sleep macrostructure showed higher numbers of awakenings (p < 0.001) and N2 sleep (p = 0.0025) as well as greater amount of sleep N3 (p < 0.0001) when compared to controls. Sleep microstructure showed an...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Electroencefalografía , Enuresis Nocturna/fisiopatología , Fases del Sueño/fisiología , Nivel de Alerta/fisiología , Parasomnias , Periodicidad , Polisomnografía , Ritmo Circadiano/fisiología , Trastornos del Despertar del Sueño , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/fisiopatología , Adolescente , NiñoRESUMEN
Non-epileptic paroxysmal disorders during sleep are a great challenge for the clinician. It is important to know the various clinical manifestations for appropriate differential diagnosis, since alterations in sleep, mostly motor, are part of these disorders. Our paper describes the normal sleep stages and electroencephalographic characteristics and polysomnography basic data. The confusions especially with nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy are frequent and cause unnecessary drugs administered, the emotional burden of the parents or caretakers, which is the diagnosis of epilepsy. We discuss the possible causes of diagnostic errors.
TITLE: Trastornos paroxisticos no epilepticos durante el sueño.Los trastornos paroxisticos no epilepticos durante el sueño son un gran reto para el clinico. Por ello, es importante conocer las diferentes manifestaciones clinicas que permitan llevar a cabo un diagnostico diferencial adecuado, ya que las alteraciones, sobre todo motoras en el sueño, son parte de estos trastornos. En el presente trabajo se describen las fases del sueño normal y sus caracteristicas electroencefalograficas, asi como datos basicos de la polisomnografia. Las confusiones, sobre todo con la epilepsia nocturna del lobulo frontal, son frecuentes y provocan que se administren farmacos innecesarios, asi como una carga emocional en los padres o cuidadores del paciente, que resulta del diagnostico de epilepsia. Se enuncian las posibles causas de los errores de diagnostico.