RESUMEN
We provide the first report of Acanthocephala ( Prosthenorchis elegans) in Mexican non-human primates. There has been no known treatment against this parasite except for surgical removal, and this has been relatively ineffective because of the small juveniles. We report the presence of P. elegans in a captive breeding colony of squirrel monkeys ( Saimiri sciureus) in Mexico, and we describe a successful treatment protocol. Treatment involved 2 steps: oral administration of the drugs loperamide chlorhydrate (0.5 mg/0.9 kg/3 days) and niclosamide (0.2 mg/0.9 kg/3 days) followed by surgical removal of adult worms from the intestine. Fecal examination during treatment revealed live adults but no living juveniles and no eggs. Surgery after 1 wk of treatment revealed the presence of adults and an absence of juvenile parasites. All adults were physically extracted during the surgery. All subjects recovered from surgery within 1 wk.
Asunto(s)
Acantocéfalos , Helmintiasis Animal/terapia , Enfermedades de los Monos/parasitología , Enfermedades de los Monos/terapia , Saimiri/parasitología , Animales , Antihelmínticos/uso terapéutico , Cucarachas/parasitología , Brotes de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Quimioterapia Combinada/veterinaria , Heces/parasitología , Conducta Alimentaria , Femenino , Helmintiasis Animal/epidemiología , Helmintiasis Animal/parasitología , Parasitosis Intestinales/epidemiología , Parasitosis Intestinales/parasitología , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Parasitosis Intestinales/veterinaria , Mucosa Intestinal/parasitología , Mucosa Intestinal/cirugía , Loperamida/uso terapéutico , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Monos/epidemiología , Neoptera/parasitología , Niclosamida/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
AimThis study analyzed the management of intestinal parasitic infections in the Family Health Strategy covering Brazilian urban slums. BACKGROUND: The Family Health Strategy is the preferred strategy for providing public, community-based primary health care in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Through this strategy, Family Health teams are responsible for the health of residents of a defined territory, including health promotion, health education and control of neglected tropical diseases such as intestinal parasitic infections. METHODS: Knowledge, attitudes and practices surveys were applied with Family Health team members (n=58) and patients (n=571) of an agglomeration of Brazilian urban slums in Rio de Janeiro.FindingsThe management of intestinal parasitic infections and health promotion were limited. Health education was not considered an essential aspect of team members' work and did not include environmental or social determinants of health. Community health workers and urban slum residents presented similar knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding intestinal parasitic infections. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple, competing demands promote prioritization of the aspects of care where curative, biomedical activities predominate over prevention and an integral approach to health. However, the complex processes involving the cycle of poverty and disease go beyond the biomedical, limiting the potential for health in urban slums. Implications include a need to better prepare health professionals for primary health care services through reflection on local concerns and the social determinants of health, highlighting the importance of territorialized care and permanent education.
Asunto(s)
Salud de la Familia/educación , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Personal de Salud/educación , Personal de Salud/psicología , Promoción de la Salud/métodos , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Educación del Paciente como Asunto/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Áreas de Pobreza , Población UrbanaRESUMEN
In the Experimental Farm of the Universidade Federal de Lavras (EF-UFLA), state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, on their day of birth, female Holstein calves were randomly selected and placed into two groups containing fifteen animals each: Strategic-Selective Treatment (S-ST) or Conventional Treatment (CT). In the S-ST, calves were treated after coproparasitological examinations according to criteria established previously by the researchers. Calves in the CT were treated according to the opinion of the veterinarian of EF-UFLA. For statistical analysis, the frequency (%) of fecal samples with count of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) ≥300, count of oocysts per gram of feces (OoPG) ≥500 and fecal samples with count of cysts of Giardia spp. ≥1 were conducted. The overall average frequency of fecal samples with EPG ≥300, OoPG ≥500 and Giardia spp. cysts ≥1, respectively, was similar (p >0.05) between S-ST (20.3%; 17.3%; and 31.5%) and CT (26.4%; 23.9%; and 37.3%). The effective operational cost, per animal, in 12 months, was of R$ 784.58 (US$ 241.41) and R$ 83.90 (US$ 25.81) in S-ST and CT, respectively. The S-ST requires adjustments to be used as a technically efficient and economically viable alternative for the control of gastrointestinal parasitosis in female Holstein calves.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Bovinos/terapia , Parasitosis Intestinales/veterinaria , Animales , Brasil , Bovinos , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Heces/parasitología , Femenino , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos/economía , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos/veterinariaRESUMEN
Abstract In the Experimental Farm of the Universidade Federal de Lavras (EF-UFLA), state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, on their day of birth, female Holstein calves were randomly selected and placed into two groups containing fifteen animals each: Strategic-Selective Treatment (S-ST) or Conventional Treatment (CT). In the S-ST, calves were treated after coproparasitological examinations according to criteria established previously by the researchers. Calves in the CT were treated according to the opinion of the veterinarian of EF-UFLA. For statistical analysis, the frequency (%) of fecal samples with count of eggs per gram of feces (EPG) ≥300, count of oocysts per gram of feces (OoPG) ≥500 and fecal samples with count of cysts of Giardia spp. ≥1 were conducted. The overall average frequency of fecal samples with EPG ≥300, OoPG ≥500 and Giardia spp. cysts ≥1, respectively, was similar (p >0.05) between S-ST (20.3%; 17.3%; and 31.5%) and CT (26.4%; 23.9%; and 37.3%). The effective operational cost, per animal, in 12 months, was of R$ 784.58 (US$ 241.41) and R$ 83.90 (US$ 25.81) in S-ST and CT, respectively. The S-ST requires adjustments to be used as a technically efficient and economically viable alternative for the control of gastrointestinal parasitosis in female Holstein calves.
Resumo Na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal de Lavras (FE-UFLA), Minas Gerais, Brasil, no dia do nascimento, bezerras da raça holandesa foram sorteadas de forma aleatória para compor um dos dois grupos, formados por 15 animais cada: Tratamento Estratégico-Seletivo (TE-S) ou Tratamento Convencional (TC). No TE-S, as bezerras foram tratadas após exames coproparasitológicos de acordo com critérios previamente estabelecidos pelos pesquisadores. No TC, as bezerras foram tratadas conforme orientação do veterinário da FE-UFLA. Em ambos grupos, as bezerras foram monitoradas a cada 14 dias, do nascimento até os 12 meses de idade, por meio de exames coproparasitológicos. Para análise estatística, considerou-se a frequência (%) de amostras fecais com contagem de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) ≥300, contagem de oocistos por grama de fezes (OoPG) ≥500, e amostras fecais com contagem de cistos de Giardia spp. ≥1. A frequência média global de amostras fecais com contagem de OPG ≥300, OoPG ≥500 e cistos de Giardia spp. ≥1, respectivamente, foi similar (p >0,05) entre TE-S (20,3%; 17,3%; e 31,5%) e TC (26,4%; 23,9%; e 37,3%). O custo operacional efetivo, por animal, em 12 meses, foi R$ 784,58 (US$ 241.40) e R$ 83,90 (US$ 25.81) para TE-S e TC, respectivamente. O TE-S necessita de ajustes para que possa ser indicado como uma alternativa, tecnicamente eficiente e economicamente viável, no controle das parasitoses gastrointestinais em bezerras leiteiras.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , Bovinos , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/terapia , Parasitosis Intestinales/veterinaria , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos/economía , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos/veterinaria , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Heces/parasitología , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapiaRESUMEN
Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 10 años de edad, quien asistió al puesto médico de Santa Johana, municipio de Itamarandiba, estado brasileño de Minas Gerais, acompañado de su madre, por presentar dolor abdominal de tipo cólico, con deposiciones diarreicas mezcladas con sangre y falta de apetito, además ligera palidez cutaneomucosa, lo cual se correspondían con una esquistosomiasis mansónica. Se le realizaron los exámenes pertinentes y se le indicó el tratamiento oportuno, de manera que el niño evolucionó favorablemente
The case report of a 10 years patient is presented who attended Santa Johana doctor´s office, Itamarandiba municipality, Minas Gerais Brazilian state, accompanied by his mother, due to abdominal pain of colic type, with diarrhea mixed with blood and loss of appetite, also a light mucouscutaneous paleness, which corresponded to a schistosomiasis mansoni. The pertinent exams were carried out and the appropriate treatment was indicated, so that the boy had a favorable clinical course
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Niño , Contaminación del Agua , Esquistosomiasis mansoni/diagnóstico , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Brasil/etnologíaRESUMEN
Se realizó una intervención terapéutica en 108 adultos con giardiasis, atendidos en el Servicio de Medicina Natural y Tradicional del Centro Médico Psicopedagógico América Labadí Arce de Santiago de Cuba, desde julio del 2013 hasta igual periodo del 2014, con vistas a determinar la efectividad del Oleozon® por vía oral en los afectados. Se conformaron 2 grupos de 54 integrantes cada uno; el de estudio, recibió Oleozon®, y el de control, fue tratado con medicamentos convencionales. Se empleó la prueba de Ji al cuadrado, con una significación estadística de p < 0,05. Predominaron el sexo masculino (59,2 por ciento en el grupo de estudio y 55,5 por ciento en el de control), el grupo etario de 30-39 años (38,9 por ciento en el primero y 51,8 por ciento en el segundo). La rápida evolución de los pacientes tratados con Oleozon® demostró su efectividad; por tanto, se recomendó su utilización como enfoque terapéutico de elección(AU)
A therapeutical intervention in 108 adults with giardiasis, assisted in the Natural and Traditional Medicine Service of America Labadí Arce Psychopedagogical Medical Center in Santiago de Cuba was carried out from July, 2013 to the same period of 2014, aimed at determining the effectiveness of the oral Oleozon® in those patients affected. Two groups of 54 members each were formed; the study group received Oleozon®, and the control group was treated with conventional drugs. The Chi square test was used, with a statistical significance of p 0,05. The male sex (59.2 percent in the study group and 55.5 percent in the control group), the age group 30-39 years (38.9 percent in the first one and 51.8 percent in the second one). The fast clinical course of the patients treated with Oleozon® demonstrated its effectiveness; therefore, its use was recommended as an alternative therapeutic approach(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Combinación de Medicamentos , Parasitosis Intestinales , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Giardiasis/terapia , Medicina Tradicional , Ozono/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
RESUMOAs parasitoses intestinais – helmintíases e protozooses – são doenças cosmopolitas com maior prevalência em regiões tropicais. Pacientes com diagnóstico de doenças reumáticas autoimunes apresentam, em função da própria doença de base ou de seu tratamento, um maior risco de ocorrência de manifestações graves das parasitoses intestinais. Embora a prevalência dessas parasitoses seja bastante elevada em nosso meio, nem sempre o reumatologista está atento à necessidade de investigação e tratamento das helmintíases e protozooses antes do uso de terapias imunomoduladoras, imunossupressoras e dos medicamentos biológicos modificadores do curso da doença. Neste documento, a Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia estabelece recomendações gerais sobre o diagnóstico e tratamento das parasitoses intestinais no Brasil em pacientes com doenças reumáticas autoimunes, com destaque para a artrite reumatoide, o lúpus eritematoso sistêmico e as espondiloartrites.
ABSTRACTIntestinal parasites – helminths and protozoa – are cosmopolitan diseases which are most prevalent in tropical regions. Patients with diagnoses of autoimmune rheumatic diseases have, due to the underlying disease or its treatment, an increased risk of occurrence of severe manifestations of intestinal parasites. Although the prevalence of these parasitic infections is very high in our environment, not always is the rheumatologist attentive to the need for investigation and treatment of helminthiasis and protozooses before the use of immunomodulatory, immunosuppressive therapies, and of biological drugs that are modifiers of the course of the disease. In this document, the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology establishes general recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal parasitic infections in Brazil in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases, highlighting rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and spondyloarthritis.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Enfermedades Autoinmunes/complicaciones , Parasitosis Intestinales/diagnóstico , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Enfermedades Reumáticas/complicaciones , Parasitosis Intestinales/etiología , Enfermedades Reumáticas/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Objetivo. Identificar la presencia de parásitos con potencial zoonótico en los principales parques de la ciudad de Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia. Material y métodos. Se seleccionaron 28 parques de la ciudad en los que se recogieron 124 muestras de materia fecal de perros y muestras de suelo con ayuda de una espátula; se reunieron aproximadamente 150 g por muestra. Cada una de las muestras fue procesada por el método de concentración de Ritchie modificado, con lo que se realizó la identificación de formas parasitarias en microscopía óptica. Resultados. 60.7% de los parques resultaron positivos a nematodos en muestras de materia fecal de canino y 100% en tierra. Los nematodos encontrados fueron huevos y larvas de Toxocara spp, Ancylostoma spp, Trichuris vulpis y Strongiloides spp. Conclusión. Este estudio demostró el riesgo potencial de la transmisión de zoonosis causadas por nematodos de caninos y la necesidad de reforzar las medidas de salud pública para disminuir el riesgo de la población expuesta a dichas zoonosis.
Objective. To identify the presence of parasites with zoonotic potential in major parks in the city of Tunja, Boyacá. Materials and methods. Twenty eight parks in the city were selected, where 124 samples of feces of dogs and soil were collected with the help of a spatula, gathering approximately 150 g per sample. They were processed by the method of concentration of Ritchie modified making the identification of parasitic forms in an optical microscope. Results. A 60.7% of the parks were positive to nematodes in samples of canine fecal material and 100% on soil. Found nematodes were eggs and larvae of Toxocara spp., Ancylostoma spp., Trichuris vulpis and Strongiloides spp. Conclusion. This study demonstrated the potential risk of transmission of zoonoses caused by nematodes in canines and for the need to strengthen public health measures to reduce the risk shows the population exposed to such zoonoses.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Animales , Suelo/parasitología , Reservorios de Enfermedades , Salud Urbana , Heces/parasitología , Parques Recreativos/estadística & datos numéricos , Nematodos/aislamiento & purificación , Óvulo , Zoonosis/transmisión , Ciudades , Colombia , Enfermedades de los Perros/epidemiología , Perros/parasitología , Helmintiasis Animal/epidemiología , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Parasitosis Intestinales/epidemiología , Larva , Nematodos/crecimiento & desarrolloRESUMEN
Intestinal parasites - helminths and protozoa - are cosmopolitan diseases which are most prevalent in tropical regions. Patients with diagnoses of autoimmune rheumatic diseases have, due to the underlying disease or its treatment, an increased risk of occurrence of severe manifestations of intestinal parasites. Although the prevalence of these parasitic infections is very high in our environment, not always is the rheumatologist attentive to the need for investigation and treatment of helminthiasis and protozooses before the use of immunomodulatory, immunosuppressive therapies, and of biological drugs that are modifiers of the course of the disease. In this document, the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology establishes general recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal parasitic infections in Brazil in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases, highlighting rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and spondyloarthritis.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Autoinmunes/complicaciones , Parasitosis Intestinales/diagnóstico , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Enfermedades Reumáticas/complicaciones , Humanos , Parasitosis Intestinales/etiología , Enfermedades Reumáticas/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Several studies have been conducted using fungi in the biological control of domestic animals and humans. In this respect, a large amount of research has been undertaken to understand the particularities of each fungus used. These fungi have been demonstrated to act on all classes of helminthes. Therefore, they should not only be called nematophagous but also helmintophagous. Evidence of enzymatic action has also revealed their mechanism of action, as well as potential metabolites that could be synthesized as bioactive molecules. Cultural barriers to the use of fungi should be broken down, since the impact on the environment is minimal. In this context, much is already known about the mechanism of interaction of these organisms with their 'targets'. Recent research has pointed to the search for substances derived from nematophagous fungi that have demonstrated their ovicidal and/or larvicidal activity, thus being a global premise to be studied further. Crude extracts derived from nematophagous fungi of predator and ovicidal groups reduce the amount of larvae of gastrointestinal nematodes and prevent the hatching of their eggs, since they have been demonstrated to act with extracellular proteases and other enzymes. Furthermore, the activity of these enzymes has begun to be explored regarding their possible interaction with the exoskeleton of arthropods, which could emerge as an alternative method of tick control. Finally, it should be clear that nematophagous fungi in general are 'old friends' that are ready to the 'fight with our old enemies', the gastrointestinal helminth parasites harmful to human and animal health.
Asunto(s)
Hongos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Parasitosis Intestinales/veterinaria , Nematodos/microbiología , Infecciones por Nematodos/veterinaria , Enfermedades Parasitarias en Animales/terapia , Animales , Animales Domésticos , Parasitosis Intestinales/prevención & control , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Nematodos/fisiología , Infecciones por Nematodos/prevención & control , Infecciones por Nematodos/terapia , Enfermedades Parasitarias en Animales/parasitología , Enfermedades Parasitarias en Animales/prevención & controlRESUMEN
En las comunidades Mbyá-Guaraní, el conocimiento local de las especies vegetales que habitan el "monte" se pone de manifi esto en el desarrollo de distintas actividades tales como su empleo medicinal en las parasitosis y dolencias asociadas. El objetivo de esta contribución fue evaluar la efi cacia de Chenopodium ambrosioides L. var. anthelminticum (Ka´aré) en el control de las enteroparasitosis. El estudio fue realizado durante septiembre de 1998 y abril de 1999 en las comunidades de Marangatú (MA), Ñamandú (ÑA), El Pocito (PO), Tabay (TB) y Takuapí (TA) del Departamento Libertador General San Martín, Misiones, Argentina. La muestra incluyó 148 personas que fueron agrupadas por sexo e intervalos etáreos. El tratamiento fi toterapéutico consistió en la administración de tintura de Ka´aré (maceración en alcohol etílico al 70%). El análisis coproparasitológico se realizó mediante examen directo y la técnica de enriquecimiento por fl otación (Füllerbon) previo y posterior al tratamiento con el Ka´aré. Los resultados indicaron altos porcentajes de individuos parasitados previo al tratamiento (PRET) que fl uctuaron entre 73.5% y 91.7%. Entre los protozoos Entamoeba coli fue la especie más prevalente con porcentajes entre 18.4% y 37.5%. Hymenolepis nana entre los cestodes presentó prevalencias entre 4.2% y 20.8%. Entre los nemátodos Ancylostoma duodenale/Necator americanus (Ancylostomideos) fue la más frecuente y su prevalencia fl uctuó entre 55.1% y 83.3%. Trichuris trichiura sólo fue observado en ÑA y con una prevalencia muy baja (3.8%). El porcentaje de monoparasitismo fue mayor en ÑA (56.5%), el de biparasitismo en MA y TA (44.4%), mientras que el de poliparasitismo en TB (36.8%). En la evaluación postratamiento (POST) la prevalencia total de parasitosis descendió respecto del pretratamiento (79.7% vs 68.9%) (X2 Yates = 4.57; p < 0.05). Cuando se analizó por sexo, el porcentaje de mujeres parasitadas fue menor, con diferencia estadísticamente signifi cativa (X2 MantelHaenszel = 4.28; p < 0.05). Asimismo, en los individuos mayores de 30 años (intervalo 3) la diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa entre pre y postratamiento (90.9% vs. 50.0%) (X2 Yates = 6.99; p < 0.01). En los individuos postratamiento se observó una disminución en los valores de prevalencia de E. coli (30.8%-0.0%) y Ancylostomídeos (52.0%-11.5%). Así, en ÑA los Ancylostomídeos mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (73.1% vs. 11.5%) (X2 Yates = 8.99; p < 0.05). Asimismo, la prevalencia de Ascaris lumbricoides descendió en los individuos de todas las comunidades, siendo más evidente en PO (20.8% vs. 0.0%) y en ÑA (19.2% vs. 0.0%). Para Giardia lamblia, H. nana y Strongyloides stercoralis el tratamiento fi toterapeútico no fue efectivo. Respecto al monoparasitismo se observó que sólo disminuyó levemente en TA (44.4% vs. 43.2%) y aumentó en el resto de las comunidades, siendo mayor el aumento de monoparasitados en ÑA (56.5% vs. 76.9%). Sin embargo el porcentaje de biparasitismo disminuyó en la mayoría de las comunidades estudiadas, con excepción de TB (36.8% vs. 50.0%). Por último el poliparasitismo descendió sólo en TB (36.8% vs. 11.1%) y ÑA (17.4% vs.7.7%). Los resultados obtenidos demostraron la efectividad de Ch. ambrosioides L. var. anthelminticum sobre los Ancylostomideos y A. lumbricoides, mientras que para protozoos, cestodes y larvas de S. stercoralis no fue efectivo.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Chenopodium anthelminticum , Entamoeba , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Extractos Vegetales , Argentina , FitoterapiaRESUMEN
En el Hospital General Docente Capitan Roberto Rodríguez Fernández, de Morón, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba, se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental sin grupo control en médicos y técnicos de laboratorio de la provincia con el objetivo de evaluar el impacto de una intervención educativa en parasitosis intestinales. Con ese fin fue impartido un curso provincial de Actualización en Parasitosis Intestinales, el que contó con sesiones teóricas en las mañanas para todos los asistentes y sesiones prácticas en las tardes que fueron sólo para el personal de laboratorio. Al comienzo y al finalizar del mismo se realizó una evaluación teórica y práctica para los laboratoristas, y otra teórica para los médicos de asistencia. Se encontraron varios errores en la identificación práctica, pero los leucocitos alcanzaron los mayores porcentajes. En las evaluaciones teóricas realizadas al personal de laboratorio y los médicos, se detectaron varias deficiencias cognoscitivas. Finalmente, se produjo una mejoría significativa en todas las evaluaciones, lo que demostró la eficacia de esta intervención. Sin embargo, se considera que estas acciones deben tener sostenibilidad y sistematicidad para alcanzar una mejoría continua de los conocimientos y las prácticas relacionadas con el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de las parasitosis intestinales en la red nacional de salud pública (AU)
In the General and Provincial Academic Hospital Capitán Roberto Rodríguez Fernández, from Morón, Ciego de Ávila province, Cuba, a quasi-experimental study without control group was carried out among medical doctors and technicians with the objective to evaluate the impact of an educative intervention in parasitic intestinal diseases. With this aim a provincial course about Updating on parasitic intestinal diseases was carried out during one week; the course had lecture´s sections every morning for all participants and practical sections every afternoon only for laboratory personnel. So much at the beginning as at the end of the course, writing and practical evaluations was applied for laboratory personnel, and other writing evaluations for physicians. Various diagnostic errors were found in the practical identification, but leukocytes had the highest percentage of errors. In the rest of writing evaluations important cognitive deficiencies were found. Finally, a significant improve in all score evaluations was reached showing the efficacy of this intervention. However, we consider that these actions should be carry out systematically and with sustainability in order to obtain a continuous improve of knowledge and practices related to the diagnosis and treatment of parasitic intestinal diseases in the public health network (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Errores Diagnósticos , Personal de Laboratorio Clínico , Parasitosis Intestinales/diagnóstico , Parasitosis Intestinales/tratamiento farmacológico , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Educación en Salud Pública Profesional/métodos , Evaluación de Eficacia-Efectividad de IntervencionesRESUMEN
The aim of the present study was to test a pellet formulation of Monacrosporium thaumasium in a sodium alginate matrix in the biological control of goat gastrointestinal helminthiasis in a semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. An area of 2.4 ha was divided into three paddocks, with seven goats kept on each paddock, during the months of March to August 2011: group 1 received 3 g/10 kg live weight of M. thaumasium pellets (NF34a) twice a week; group 2 was given 0.2 mg/kg of 0.2 % moxidectin orally every 30 days; and group 3 received 3 g/10 kg live weight of pellets without fungus twice per week. Each month, two tracer goats was placed in each group for 30 days and then killed and necropsied. The M. thaumasium group showed a 34 % reduction in eggs per gram, higher packed cell volume rates and a lower parasitic load in the tracers compared with the other groups. The 0.2 % moxidectin group had weight gain of 5.7 kg; the M. thaumasium group, 3.6 kg; and the control group had an average reduction in weight of 1.1 kg. The use of M. thaumasium pellets may be effective as an alternative method to control goat gastrointestinal helminthiasis in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil.
Asunto(s)
Ascomicetos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Terapia Biológica/métodos , Enfermedades de las Cabras/terapia , Helmintiasis Animal/terapia , Parasitosis Intestinales/veterinaria , Compuestos de Aluminio/administración & dosificación , Animales , Peso Corporal , Brasil , Clima Desértico , Portadores de Fármacos/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Enfermedades de las Cabras/parasitología , Cabras , Helmintiasis Animal/parasitología , Parasitosis Intestinales/parasitología , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Masculino , Carga de Parásitos , Compuestos de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: In 2005, a team of U.S. physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses, pharmacists, emergency medical technicians and lay support personnel provided health services in an isolated town in rural Haiti. METHODS: During one week, the team saw 788 patients. They recorded age, sex, vital signs, diagnoses, and treatments in an electronic database. A descriptive analysis is presented. RESULTS: Intestinal parasitosis was the third most common diagnosis overall, and the most common diagnosis for children. For adults aged 50 years or older, 52% of women and 37% of men had elevated blood pressures, significantly more than adults aged 15-49 years. DISCUSSION: This paper focuses on intestinal parasitosis and hypertension. Periodic anti-helminthic treatment and community sanitation are discussed as ways to reduce the burden of parasites and secondary malnutrition. Challenges to implementing a sustainable antihypertensive program are discussed, including patient education, medication availability and prioritization, and adequate follow-up in a very austere rural setting.
Asunto(s)
Atención Ambulatoria , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Parasitosis Intestinales/epidemiología , Servicios de Salud Rural , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Registros Electrónicos de Salud , Femenino , Haití/epidemiología , Planificación en Salud , Humanos , Hipertensión/terapia , Lactante , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Masculino , Misiones Médicas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Grupo de Atención al Paciente , Atención Primaria de Salud , Estados Unidos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad del tratamiento antiparasitario intestinal brindado a niños de tres a cinco años proveniente de tres centros educativos nacionales del distrito de San Martín de Porres, Lima, Perú. Material y métodos: 64 niños fueron sometidos a las pruebas de diagnóstico de parasitosis, de los cuales 37 padecían de parasitosis intestinal y se completó el estudio con 34. Los exámenes parasitológicos fueron examen directo de heces con tinción de lugol, la técnica de sedimentación espontánea por concentración en tubo y la técnica de Graham. Tras el diagnóstico, se administró los medicamentos antiparasitarios por el médico del centro de salud bajo supervisión del investigador. Adicionalmente se realizaron entrevistas a los padres de los niños para conocer las condiciones de sus viviendas, sus hábitos higiénicos y dietéticos y para verificar el cumplimiento de las orientaciones brindadas en el centro de salud. Resultados: La prevalencia total de infección fue de 57.81% (IC95%: 44.9-70.7). Las infecciones más frecuentes fueron blastocistosis (35.9%), giardiosis (21.8%) y enterobiosis (18.7%). La eficacia de los medicamentos utilizados en el tratamiento antiparasitario fue de 82,3%, se obtuvo una efectividad del tratamiento antiparasitario intestinal de 26,5%. Conclusiones: El tratamiento antiparasitario en niños de tres a cinco años provenientes de tres centros educativos nacionales no fue efectivo debido a la baja prescripción de tratamiento familiar e incumplimiento de la orientación higiénico dietética. Recomendamos fortalecer el aspecto educacional en la erradicación de las infecciones parasitarias intestinales.
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of intestinal parasitoses treatment given to children 3 to 5 years of three public schools of district San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru. Methods: 64 children were subjected to diagnostic tests of parasitoses, 37 children were diagnosed from intestinal parasites, completing the study with 34. Parasitological examinations were direct examination of feces, with iodine staining, the spontaneous sedimentation technique for concentration tube and the Graham technique. Once the diagnosis was given medication prescribed by the physician of the health center under the supervision of the investigator. Additionally, interviews were conducted among parents and children to learn about the housing conditions, hygiene and dietary habits and to verify compliance with the guidance given at the health center. Results: The total prevalence of infection was 57.8 (IC95% 44,9%-70,7%).The most common infections were Blastocystosis (35.94%), giardiasis (21.88%) and enterobiosis (18.75%). The effective of the treatment used was 82,3%, the effectiveness of treatment was 26.5%. Conclusions: The treatment for intestinal parasitoses in children of 3 to 5 years of three public schools is not effective because the low family therapy prescribed and failure to hygienic dietary guidance. We recommend strengthening the educational aspect in the eradication of intestinal parasitic infections.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Antiparasitarios/uso terapéutico , Efectividad , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Preescolar , Estudios Longitudinales , Estudios Observacionales como Asunto , PerúAsunto(s)
Parasitosis Intestinales , Obstrucción Intestinal , Teniasis , Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal , Adulto , Humanos , Parasitosis Intestinales/complicaciones , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Obstrucción Intestinal/diagnóstico por imagen , Obstrucción Intestinal/parasitología , Obstrucción Intestinal/terapia , Masculino , Radiografía , Teniasis/complicaciones , Teniasis/terapia , Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico por imagen , Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal/terapiaRESUMEN
El parasitismo intestinal, forma un conjunto de enfermedades muchas veces mal conocidas, mal diagnosticadas y generalmente maltratadas. El autor pretende hacer una puesta al día de los aspectos más importantes de las mismas, para poner en manos de estudiantes y profesionales de la Atención Primaria y Secundaria un instrumento de fácil consulta. Para ello se utilizaron las bases de datos GOOGLE, MEDLINE, EBSCO, HOST, DOYMA y la Literatura Cubana de Medicina de los últimos años; también se incluyen algunos clásicos propios de la temática, localizados en los órganos de información del Sistema Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas (AU)
The intestinal parasitism, forms a group of diseases many times not well known, not well diagnosed and generally maltreated. The author seeks to make a setting to the day of the most important aspects of the same ones, to put in the hands of the students and professionals of the Primary and Secondary Care an instrument of easy consultation. For that purpose GOOGLE, MEDLINE, EBSCO, HOST, DOYMA databases were used and the Cuban Medicine Literature of the last years; some classics characteristic of the thematic are also included, located in the organs of information of the National System of Medical Sciences Information
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Parasitosis Intestinales/patología , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , NiñoAsunto(s)
Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Parasitosis Intestinales , Obstrucción Intestinal , Teniasis , Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal , Parasitosis Intestinales/complicaciones , Parasitosis Intestinales/terapia , Obstrucción Intestinal/parasitología , Obstrucción Intestinal , Obstrucción Intestinal/terapia , Teniasis/complicaciones , Teniasis/terapia , Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal , Tuberculosis Gastrointestinal/terapiaRESUMEN
Previous observations showed that Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores were visualized in McMaster chambers containing faeces of treated sheep. This trial explored the McMaster technique as a tool to quantify chlamydospores in sheep faeces. A range of individual chlamydospore doses (from 19.5 x 10(6) to 177.5 x 10(6)) were offered orally to nine lambs for 7 consecutive days. A faecal sample (5 g) was daily obtained from the rectum of each animal (from days 1 to 13) to perform the McMaster technique using a sugar flotation fluid with 1.27 g/mL density. Each chlamydospore counted in the McMaster chamber was considered as 50 chlamydospores per g of faeces (CPG). The results confirmed that the estimated CPG was associated with the daily dose offered to the animals (r(2)=0.90; P<0.001). Furthermore, the total chlamydospore dose received by each animal was strongly associated to the total quantity of CPG obtained from the bulk faeces (TCtot) (r(2)=0.96; P<0.0001). Quantification of CPG can be used as a helpful tool to determine the number of chlamydospores reaching the faeces in orally dosed animals. This could be used to evaluate the efficacy of D. flagrans for the control of gastrointestinal nematode larvae in sheep faeces.