RESUMEN
Introducción: se ha estudiado ampliamente la importancia de los cambios de presión y sus consecuencias en el cuerpo humano. De esto se desprenden dos conceptos importantes: el barotrauma que se define como el daño producido por cambios en la presión atmosférica; y la barodontalgia que se define como el dolor dentario producido por variaciones de presión barométrica, por ejemplo cuando existen gases atrapados en restauraciones o en la cámara pulpar y/o conducto radicular. Estos conceptos se fundamentan en las leyes de los gases: la Ley de Difusión Gaseosa, la Ley de Dalton, la Ley de Boyle, la Ley de Charles y la Ley de Henry. Discusión: el estudio y prevención de la barodontalgia es de suma importancia, ya que aunque no tiene alta prevalencia entre los aviadores, su aparición es súbita y de alta intensidad, lo que puede provocar en el piloto una incapacidad física y mental, que aumenta el riesgo de accidentes. Conclusiones: en esta revisión, se reúnen las estrategias recomendadas para prevenir su aparición.
Introduction: the importance of pressure changes and their consequences on the human body has been widely studied. Two important concepts arise from this: barotrauma, which is defined as the damage produced by changes in atmospheric pressure; and barodontalgia, which is defined as dental pain produced by variations in barometric pressure, for example when gases are trapped in restorations or in the pulp chamber and/or root canal. These concepts are based on the gas laws: the Law of Gaseous Diffusion, Dalton's Law, Boyle's Law, Charles' Law and Henry's Law. Discusion: the study and prevention of barodontalgia is of utmost importance, since although it is not highly prevalent among aviators, its onset is sudden and of high intensity, which can cause physical and mental incapacity in the pilot, increasing the risk of accidents. Conclusions: this review brings together the recommended strategies to prevent its occurrence.
Introducão: a importância das mudanças de pressão e suas conseqüências sobre o corpo humano têm sido amplamente estudadas. Dois conceitos importantes podem ser derivados disto: barotrauma, que é definido como o dano produzido por mudanças na pressão atmosférica; e barodontalgia, que é definida como a dor dental produzida por variações na pressão barométrica, por exemplo, quando os gases estão presos em restaurações ou na câmara de polpa e/ou canal radicular. Estes conceitos são baseados nas leis do gás: a Lei de Difusão Gasosa, a Lei de Dalton, a Lei de Boyle, a Lei de Charles e a Lei de Henry. Discusion: o estudo e prevenção da barodontia é de suma importância, pois embora não seja muito prevalente entre os aviadores, seu início é repentino e de alta intensidade, o que pode causar incapacidade física e mental no piloto, aumentando o risco de acidentes. Conclusões: esta revisão reúne as estratégias recomendadas para evitar sua ocorrência.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Presión Atmosférica , Enfermedades Dentales/complicaciones , Barotrauma/prevención & control , Medicina Aeroespacial , Odontalgia/etiología , Pilotos , Personal MilitarRESUMEN
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the pattern of traumatic dental injuries among children, adolescents, and adults. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytic study of children and adults who presented with dental trauma. Data utilized for this study were sociodemographic characteristics, history of the traumatic incident, presenting complaints, traumatized teeth and classification of the traumatized tissues using Ellis and Davey's classification. Results: A total of 163 participants with 307 traumatized teeth were included in the study. The participants' age ranged from 2 years to 75 years, with a mean age of 25.36 ±15.4 years. Children <10 years were the least represented (14.7%), adolescents 10-19 years accounted for 23.9%., young adults 20 to 40 years were the most represented (44.8%) and older adults >40 years (16.6%). A higher proportion of the study participants were female 83 (50.9%) and the most prevalent complaint was broken teeth (57.1%) The most prevalent aetiology of the trauma documented was fall (36.2%). The most prevalent injury type was extended crown fracture with noticeable dentinal involvement without pulp exposure. There was a statistically significant association between injury type, aetiology and age group. Conclusion: Traumatic dental injuries affect children, adolescents and adults alike. The central incisors were the most vulnerable teeth across all age groups. Age was significantly associated with the etiology of dental trauma and injury type (AU).
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Fracturas de los Dientes/etiología , Odontalgia/etiología , Traumatismos de los Dientes/etiología , Incisivo/lesiones , Grupos de Edad , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Estudios Transversales/métodos , Nigeria/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of toothache and its risk indicators in the older Chinese population. METHODS: National cross-sectional survey data on 25 048 Chinese people ≥65 years in 2011, 2014 and 2018 survey year were analysed and then pooled. Chi-square test was used to examine the differences in prevalence among specific subgroups. Multivariate modified Poisson regression analyses with robust error variances were used to detect related factors and prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated. RESULTS: The prevalence of toothache was 16.3% (95% CI: 15.5%-17.1%), 12.8% (95% CI: 12.0%-13.7%) and 16.0% (95% CI: 15.3%-16.7%) in years 2011, 2014 and 2018. In the pooled multivariate Poisson regression model, factors associated with toothache were female (PR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.18-1.37), younger age (PR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.63-2.09), currently married and living with spouse (PR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.15), current living in urban area (PR:1.12, 95% CI: 1.06-1.20), enough financial support (PR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.65-0.74), having chronic disease (PR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.35, 1.57), higher sugar intake (PR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.17), salty flavour (PR:1.15, 95% CI: 1.07-1.23), smoking (PR: 1.14, 95% CI:1.06-1.23) or drinking (PR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09-1.25), with denture (PR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.08-1.22) and higher toothbrushing frequency (PR: 1.25-1.50). CONCLUSIONS: More than one in ten older Chinese population had toothache, and it was related to age, gender, socioeconomic status, behaviour and oral health status. Lifestyle interventions should be taken to avoid the occurrence of the toothache.
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Odontalgia , Adulto , Brasil , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Escolaridad , Femenino , Humanos , Prevalencia , Factores Socioeconómicos , Odontalgia/epidemiología , Odontalgia/etiologíaRESUMEN
The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with toothache in the adult population of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Individual data from a population sample (age 35 to 44 years) were collected from a secondary database of the SB Minas survey. Sampling was carried out by clusters and with multiple drawing stages. The eligibility criteria were to reside in areas chosen for the research, be within the age group, and accept to participate in the research. The individual variables assessed by a questionnaire and dental exams were sex, income, race/skin color, root caries, periodontal condition, need for dental treatment, and last dental appointment. The contextual variables, assessed by municipal indexes, were Human Development Index (HDI), illiteracy, unemployment, half minimum wage, quarter minimum wage, oral health team coverage, access to individual health care, and supervised tooth brushing average. The dependent variable was toothache in the past six months. A descriptive analysis was made using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and Hierarchical Linear and Nonlinear Modeling Software was used to perform the multilevel analyses for individual and contextual levels. An association was found between toothache and low income (OR = 2.00; 95%CI = 1.32-3.13), dental caries (OR = 1.86; 95%CI = 1.22-2.86), periodontal condition, and living on a quarter of the minimum wage or less (OR = 1.03; 95%CI = 1.00-1.08). Clinical and social factors were associated with toothache, reinforcing the need to improve public polices in oral health focused on the adult population.
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Odontalgia/epidemiología , Odontalgia/etiología , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Índice CPO , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Renta/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Análisis Multinivel , Salud Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Riesgo , Distribución por SexoRESUMEN
Abstract Objective: To investigate the impacts of toothache on the daily activities of children aged 5 to 9 years. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 465 children (220 boys and 245 girls) aged between 5-9 years, using the Child Dental Pain Questionnaire (Child-DPQ), in the city of Kerman. They were categorized into two groups based on the clinical status: (1) untreated dental caries and (2) no dental caries or treated dental caries. For data analysis, the Chi-square, Mann-Whitney test, multiple logistic regressions, Spearman's correlation coefficient and t-test were used. Results: Regarding the severity of pain, about 28.3% reported mild pain, 30.1% moderate pain, and 21.9% very severe pain. The prevalence of reported dental pain increased by increasing the number of reported dental visits and more strongly among those having dmft>1. Toothache in children caused to stop eating (73.3%) and to sleep (63.8.1%) and provoked a dental visit in more than 40%. Conclusion: The toothache stopped many children eating and sleeping and provoked a dental visit in more than 40%. Among the children under study, 55.9% had to miss school.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Odontalgia/etiología , Niño , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Caries Dental/prevención & control , Irán , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Modelos Logísticos , Estudios Transversales/métodos , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with toothache in the adult population of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Individual data from a population sample (age 35 to 44 years) were collected from a secondary database of the SB Minas survey. Sampling was carried out by clusters and with multiple drawing stages. The eligibility criteria were to reside in areas chosen for the research, be within the age group, and accept to participate in the research. The individual variables assessed by a questionnaire and dental exams were sex, income, race/skin color, root caries, periodontal condition, need for dental treatment, and last dental appointment. The contextual variables, assessed by municipal indexes, were Human Development Index (HDI), illiteracy, unemployment, half minimum wage, quarter minimum wage, oral health team coverage, access to individual health care, and supervised tooth brushing average. The dependent variable was toothache in the past six months. A descriptive analysis was made using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and Hierarchical Linear and Nonlinear Modeling Software was used to perform the multilevel analyses for individual and contextual levels. An association was found between toothache and low income (OR = 2.00; 95%CI = 1.32-3.13), dental caries (OR = 1.86; 95%CI = 1.22-2.86), periodontal condition, and living on a quarter of the minimum wage or less (OR = 1.03; 95%CI = 1.00-1.08). Clinical and social factors were associated with toothache, reinforcing the need to improve public polices in oral health focused on the adult population.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Odontalgia/etiología , Odontalgia/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Índice CPO , Salud Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Transversales , Factores de Riesgo , Distribución por Sexo , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Análisis Multinivel , Renta/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of dental pain among adolescent students and its association with individual, school and city variables, using a multilevel approach. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Individual and school data were obtained from the National Adolescent School-Based Health Survey (PeNSE) conducted in Brazil in 2015 in a sample of 34,776 students from 1,339 schools in the 27 Brazilian capital cities. Secondary data on socioeconomic, structural and health indicators of the cities were obtained from public databases. The outcome was the prevalence of dental pain in the last six months (yes/no). Independent variables, consisting of potential social and behavioural determinants of dental pain, were structured in three levels: individual, school and city. Multilevel logistic regression was performed. RESULTS: Prevalence of dental pain was 21.8% (95% CI = 21.0-22.7). Unadjusted analysis showed significant associations between the outcome and most of the factors in the individual and in the contextual levels. In the final adjusted model, adolescents who reported unfavourable health-related behaviours, adverse socioeconomic or psychosocial characteristics, as well as those attending public schools and living in cities with high caries prevalence (DMFT) at age 12, were more likely to report dental pain. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of dental pain was high and associated with adverse individual and contextual factors in the school and city levels.
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Caries Dental/epidemiología , Odontalgia/epidemiología , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Prevalencia , Factores Socioeconómicos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Odontalgia/etiologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To evaluate self-medication for toothache and its associated factors in children and adolescents. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 252 children/adolescents aged 6-16 years. A questionnaire was applied with questions related to demographic and socioeconomic characteristics; experience of, and self-medication for, toothache; as well as aspects related to the condition. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses (Pearson's Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test) were performed, with a 5% significance level. Results: The prevalence of toothache was 41.7%. In 96 cases analyzed, there was prevalence of 69.8% of self-medication for toothache. There were no statistically significant associations between self-medication for toothache and variables related to the children/adolescents (gender and age), their parents or guardians (age and schooling), socioeconomic characteristics (family income and number of people in the household) and aspects related to toothache (fever, crying and school absenteeism) (p>0.05). The most commonly used drug was paracetamol (60.7%), whose choice was based to its previous use by the study population for conditions not related to toothache (47.8%). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of self-medication for toothache in the study population. No independent variable was associated with self-medication practice.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Prescripciones de Medicamentos , Automedicación , Odontalgia/etiología , Niño , Adolescente , Absentismo , Brasil , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Estudios Transversales/métodos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
Objective: To determine the prescribing patterns of the general dental practitioners in Kerman province in Iran. Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study 1200 prescriptions, which were prescribed by general dentists in Kerman province during one-year period, were evaluated. Each prescription was assessed for the number of drugs per prescription, drug (category, name, route of administration, frequency) and duration of treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the absolute and relative frequencies, mean and standard deviation. The Chi-square test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test were used. The statistical tests were performed at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean number of drugs per prescription was 2.59. Antibiotics, Analgesics, corticosteroids and antiseptics were the most common drug category prescribed drugs by general dentists. Oral route was the commonest route of drug prescription (84.1%). Amoxicillin capsule (60.5%) was the commonest drug prescribed by general practitioners followed by ibuprofen derivatives (55.4%). Spelling errors was found in 62.7% of prescriptions. The mean score of prescriptions for logical prescription pattern was 7.36 ± 1.32 out of 9. Conclusion: Dental prescribing patterns should be considered as a potential area for improvement in the treatment process and patient safety. It is suggested to emphasis more on principles of prescription at university and retraining courses for dentists.
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Prescripciones de Medicamentos , Odontalgia/etiología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Odontólogos , Irán , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Estudios Transversales/métodos , Análisis de VarianzaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate patients' pain levels during four different debonding procedures. The null hypothesis was that the pain perception of the patients undergoing four different debonding applications was not statistically significant different. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty orthodontic patients who underwent orthodontic debonding were included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into 4 groups according to technique used in the patients. Debonding groups were as follows: Group 1) Conventional debonding group, Group 2) Medication group (acetaminophen was given 1 hour before debonding), Group 3) Soft bite wax group, and Group 4) Soft acrylic bite wafer group. The patients' levels of anxiety and fear of pain were evaluated before debonding, and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was applied to evaluate their pain perception during debonding. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate non-normally distributed data. Categorical data analysis were carried by chi-square and McNemar tests. The significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Anxiety scores of the patients were not statistically significant between both genders and debonding groups. In the quadrants in which the patients were perceived, the highest pain level was in the left side of the mandible. The teeth in which the highest pain level was perceived were the lower left and upper right lateral incisors. Although there was no statistically significant difference among the pain scores of the patients in each group, quadrant scores of female patients showed significant differences, being the lowest scores in the soft bite wax group. CONCLUSIONS: Majority of the patients had no fear of pain before debonding. Pain levels of the patients in the conventional debonding group were not significantly different from those of the other groups, except quadrant scores of females in the soft bite wax group. The null hypothesis was accepted.
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Desconsolidación Dental/efectos adversos , Soportes Ortodóncicos/efectos adversos , Percepción del Dolor , Odontalgia/etiología , Adolescente , Factores de Edad , Fuerza de la Mordida , Niño , Ansiedad al Tratamiento Odontológico/fisiopatología , Desconsolidación Dental/métodos , Desconsolidación Dental/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Dimensión del Dolor/métodos , Estudios Prospectivos , Valores de Referencia , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Odontalgia/psicologíaRESUMEN
Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate patients' pain levels during four different debonding procedures. The null hypothesis was that the pain perception of the patients undergoing four different debonding applications was not statistically significant different. Material and Methods One hundred and twenty orthodontic patients who underwent orthodontic debonding were included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into 4 groups according to technique used in the patients. Debonding groups were as follows: Group 1) Conventional debonding group, Group 2) Medication group (acetaminophen was given 1 hour before debonding), Group 3) Soft bite wax group, and Group 4) Soft acrylic bite wafer group. The patients' levels of anxiety and fear of pain were evaluated before debonding, and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was applied to evaluate their pain perception during debonding. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate non-normally distributed data. Categorical data analysis were carried by chi-square and McNemar tests. The significance level was set at p<0.05. Results Anxiety scores of the patients were not statistically significant between both genders and debonding groups. In the quadrants in which the patients were perceived, the highest pain level was in the left side of the mandible. The teeth in which the highest pain level was perceived were the lower left and upper right lateral incisors. Although there was no statistically significant difference among the pain scores of the patients in each group, quadrant scores of female patients showed significant differences, being the lowest scores in the soft bite wax group. Conclusions Majority of the patients had no fear of pain before debonding. Pain levels of the patients in the conventional debonding group were not significantly different from those of the other groups, except quadrant scores of females in the soft bite wax group. The null hypothesis was accepted.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Odontalgia/etiología , Soportes Ortodóncicos/efectos adversos , Desconsolidación Dental/efectos adversos , Percepción del Dolor , Valores de Referencia , Odontalgia/psicología , Fuerza de la Mordida , Dimensión del Dolor/métodos , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Edad , Desconsolidación Dental/métodos , Desconsolidación Dental/psicología , Ansiedad al Tratamiento Odontológico/fisiopatología , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of individual and contextual factors on the occurrence of toothache in five-year-old children. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 756 five-year-old children from public and private preschools in a city in the countryside of the northeast of Brazil. The sample was determined through probabilistic sampling in two stages (preschools and children). The children included could not have systematic diseases, permanent tooth or orthodontic treatment. Parents/caregivers were required to spend at least 12 hours per day with their children. The history of toothache during the life of the child was reported by parents/guardians. Socioeconomic and psychological questionnaires were completed by parents/guardians. Variables related to social context were obtained from the preschools in which the children studied and the official publications of the municipal region. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression models were used to investigate the association between individual and contextual characteristics and history of toothache. The history of toothache was found for 23.8% of the children. Among the individual determinants, gender of the child, order of birth, and schooling of parent/guardian were associated with toothache in children. The individual variables remained associated with the outcome after the addition of the contextual variables to the model. The type of preschool was the contextual determinant associated with toothache in the final model. Both individual (gender, order of birth and schooling of parents/guardians) and contextual (type of preschool) determinants were associated with history of toothache in five-year-old children.
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Odontalgia/epidemiología , Odontalgia/etiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Demografía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Análisis Multinivel , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Abstract The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of individual and contextual factors on the occurrence of toothache in five-year-old children. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 756 five-year-old children from public and private preschools in a city in the countryside of the northeast of Brazil. The sample was determined through probabilistic sampling in two stages (preschools and children). The children included could not have systematic diseases, permanent tooth or orthodontic treatment. Parents/caregivers were required to spend at least 12 hours per day with their children. The history of toothache during the life of the child was reported by parents/guardians. Socioeconomic and psychological questionnaires were completed by parents/guardians. Variables related to social context were obtained from the preschools in which the children studied and the official publications of the municipal region. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression models were used to investigate the association between individual and contextual characteristics and history of toothache. The history of toothache was found for 23.8% of the children. Among the individual determinants, gender of the child, order of birth, and schooling of parent/guardian were associated with toothache in children. The individual variables remained associated with the outcome after the addition of the contextual variables to the model. The type of preschool was the contextual determinant associated with toothache in the final model. Both individual (gender, order of birth and schooling of parents/guardians) and contextual (type of preschool) determinants were associated with history of toothache in five-year-old children.
Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência de fatores individuais e contextuais na ocorrência de dor de dente em crianças de cinco anos de idade. Um estudo transversal foi realizado com 756 crianças de cinco anos de idade de pré-escolas públicas e privadas em uma cidade no interior do Nordeste do Brasil. A seleção da amostra foi realizada por meio de amostragem probabilística em duas etapas (pré-escolas e crianças). As crianças incluídas não poderiam ter doenças sistêmicas, dentes permanentes ou tratamento ortodôntico. Foram incluídos apenas pais/responsáveis que passavam pelo menos 12 horas por dia com seus filhos. O histórico de dor de dente durante a vida da criança foi relatado pelos pais/responsáveis. Os questionários socioeconômicos e psicológicos foram preenchidos pelos pais/responsáveis. As variáveis relacionadas ao contexto social foram obtidas na pré-escola em que as crianças estudaram e nas publicações oficiais da região municipal. Os modelos de regressão de Poisson multinível não ajustados e ajustados foram utilizados para investigar a associação entre características individuais e contextuais e histórico de dor de dente. O histórico de dor de dente foi encontrado em 23,8% das crianças. Entre os determinantes individuais, gênero da criança, ordem de nascimento e escolaridade dos pais/responsáveis foram associados com dor de dente em crianças. As variáveis individuais permaneceram associadas ao resultado após a adição das variáveis contextuais ao modelo. O tipo de pré-escola foi o determinante contextual associado ao histórico de dor de dente no modelo final. Tanto o indivíduo (gênero, ordem de nascimento e escolaridade dos pais/responsáveis) quanto os determinantes contextuais (tipo de pré-escolar) foram associados com o histórico de dor de dente em crianças de cinco anos de idade.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Preescolar , Odontalgia/etiología , Odontalgia/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Demografía , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Análisis MultinivelRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Dental pain is one of the most common symptoms of untreated oral problems and exerts a strong impact on the well-being of children. AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associated factors with dental pain in children aged 1-3 years using the Brazilian version of the Dental Discomfort Questionnaire (DDQ-B). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Diamantina, Brazil. A total of 318 randomly selected children were submitted to an oral clinical examination for the evaluation of tooth injuries and dental caries (International Caries Detection and Assessment System, [ICDAS]). The caregivers of the children were asked to answer the DDQ-B as well as a questionnaire addressing demographic and socioeconomic aspects of the family. Statistical analysis was performed and involved the description of frequencies as well as Poisson hierarchical regression analysis. RESULTS: Dental pain was associated with a household income less than the Brazilian minimum monthly wage (Prevalence ratios [PRs] = 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.66, P = 0.011) and dental caries in dentin - ICDAS codes 5 and 6 (PR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.13-1.94, P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Greater frequencies of dental pain were found in 1-3-year-old children from families with a low monthly income and dental caries with visible dentin with or without pulp involvement.
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Dimensión del Dolor/métodos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Odontalgia/epidemiología , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Caries Dental/complicaciones , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Escolaridad , Femenino , Humanos , Renta , Lactante , Masculino , Padres/psicología , Traumatismos de los Dientes/complicaciones , Traumatismos de los Dientes/epidemiología , Odontalgia/diagnóstico , Odontalgia/etiologíaRESUMEN
SUMMARY: Knowledge about Gaucher disease, characteristics, clinical and radiographic alterations, demonstrate the importance of using anamnesis, laboratory tests and radiological images, among these dental analysis and images, making possible the early detection in the oral manifestations and the success in the control and treatment of the disease.
RESUMEN: El conocimiento sobre la enfermedad de Gaucher, características, alteraciones clínicas y radiográficas, demuestra la importancia de utilizar la anamnesis, los exámenes de laboratorio e imágenes radiológicas, entre ellas las odontológicas, posibilitando la detección precoz de las manifestaciones orales, y el éxito en el control y tratamiento de la enfermedad.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Periodontitis/cirugía , Odontalgia/cirugía , Hemorragia Gingival/terapia , Caries Dental/terapia , Enfermedad de Gaucher/complicaciones , Periodontitis/etiología , Odontalgia/etiología , RadiografíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This paper aimed to compare the tooth color changes and sensitivity in patients undergoing dental bleaching with 10% hydrogen peroxide using customized trays or strips as delivering systems. METHODS: A total of 50 patients aged between 18-30 years old were assigned into two groups (N.=25) according to the bleaching treatment: tray (TB) or strips (SB). For both techniques, the patients underwent a 30-minute application of 10% hydrogen peroxide twice a day for seven days. Tooth color was evaluated before, 3 and 7 days of treatment, and 14 days after bleaching using a tooth color shade guide (VITA® shade). Tooth sensitivity was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The values obtained from the color changes and tooth sensitivity were statistically analyzed (α=5%). RESULTS: For both groups, there was a significant difference on the tooth color before and after bleaching (P<0.001), although there was no significant difference between them (P=0.4215). The SB group exhibited a lower frequency of sensitivity (50.2%) compared to the TB group (70.2%) (P<0.001). However, the highest number of individuals reporting score 1 of sensitivity was found in the SB group (37.3%) compared to the TB group (20.9%) (P<0.001). For the other scores, there were no differences between the SB and TB groups, with results of 9.8% and 8.4% for score 2 (P=0.744) and 2.7% and 0.5% for score 3 (P=0.122). CONCLUSIONS: The bleaching effect of 10% hydrogen peroxide is not influenced by the delivering system (tray or strips). Even though the technique with strips was associated to a lower frequency of dental sensitivity, the peak level of pain was greater when compared to the technique using trays.
Asunto(s)
Esmalte Dental/efectos de los fármacos , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/farmacología , Blanqueadores Dentales/farmacología , Blanqueamiento de Dientes/instrumentación , Decoloración de Dientes/terapia , Odontalgia/etiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Color , Colorimetría , Femenino , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Presión , Blanqueamiento de Dientes/efectos adversos , Blanqueamiento de Dientes/métodos , Blanqueadores Dentales/administración & dosificación , Blanqueadores Dentales/efectos adversos , Escala Visual Analógica , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: A comfortable postoperative return to daily activities has increased the need to control inflammation after third molar surgery. Anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics are not exempt from adverse effects such as allergies and chronic gastritis, and they are not without cost. The association between low-level laser and auricular acupuncture can be an alternative when conventional drugs are contraindicated. Among its advantages, we can mention the low risk of side effects, low cost and simplicity of application. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of low-level laser at auriculotherapy points in reducing postoperative pain in lower third molar surgery. METHODS/DESIGN: Ninety bilateral, symmetrical lower third molar surgeries will be performed in 45 healthy patients. Each patient will be their own control, through a split-mouth crossover study. One side of the mouth will be randomly chosen and, immediately after surgery, will be treated with low-level laser. After 21 days, the contralateral side will be operated on with low-level laser simulation used postoperatively. This regimen (laser application or not) will be repeated at 24 and 48 h after surgery. All patients will be requested to take analgesics (acetaminophen) if they have pain, i.e. in case of pain. Neither the surgeon nor the patients will know the assigned treatment. The primary variable will be postoperative pain assessed using a Visual Analog Scale, and the secondary variables will be trismus, edema, local temperature, dysphagia, presence of infection and painkiller ingestion. These variables will be assessed at baseline, 24 h, 48 h and 7 days after surgery. Blood samples for systemic inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8) analysis will be assessed at baseline and 24 h after surgery. DISCUSSION: Some authors believe that using a wavelength of 633 to 670 nm is a good option for laser therapy in the field of acupuncture. This wavelength can penetrate biological tissue to a depth of about 3 mm. However, for auriculotherapy points, the stimulus (mustard seeds, needles 1 to 2.5 mm) does not penetrate so deeply. For this reason, we chose a laser wavelength of 660 nm (red wavelength). TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02657174 , registered on 11 January 2016.
Asunto(s)
Auriculoterapia/métodos , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/métodos , Tercer Molar/cirugía , Dolor Postoperatorio/prevención & control , Extracción Dental/efectos adversos , Odontalgia/prevención & control , Adolescente , Adulto , Analgésicos no Narcóticos/uso terapéutico , Auriculoterapia/efectos adversos , Biomarcadores/sangre , Brasil , Protocolos Clínicos , Estudios Cruzados , Citocinas/sangre , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Mediadores de Inflamación/sangre , Terapia por Luz de Baja Intensidad/efectos adversos , Masculino , Dimensión del Dolor , Dolor Postoperatorio/sangre , Dolor Postoperatorio/diagnóstico , Dolor Postoperatorio/etiología , Proyectos de Investigación , Factores de Tiempo , Odontalgia/sangre , Odontalgia/diagnóstico , Odontalgia/etiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Con el creciente número de pasajeros y tripulaciones, tanto civiles como militares, los odontólogos pueden encontrar ciertos fenómenos patofisiológicos causados por los cambios de presión atmosférica. Entre estas entidades figuran las barodontalgias y los barotraumas. A su vez, debido a la importancia de la seguridad aeronáutica, se hace necesario obtener los conocimientos necesarios en esta aérea en aras de crear planes preventivos eficientes. Es por ello que el presente artículo recoge una revisión de la literatura actualizada con el objetivo de ampliar los conocimientos en lo referente a la barodontalgia como entidad clínica(AU)
Clinical dentist may encounter physiological and pathological phenomena caused by the changes in atmospheric pressure in the increasing number of air passengers, flight attendants, leisure pilots, as well as military and airline pilots. These include barodontalgias and barotraumas. In turn, due to the importance of aeronautical safety, it is necessary to obtain the necessary knowledge in order to create efficient preventive plans. This is why the present article includes a review of the updated literature with the aim of expanding knowledge regarding barodontalgia as clinical entity(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Odontalgia/etiología , Barotrauma/etiología , Literatura de Revisión como AsuntoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate sex-related differences in dental pain perception in children. METHODS: Fifty-two children who received a dental procedure with local anesthesia were selected to participate. Pain perception levels were assessed with the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. Twenty-four and 48 hours following the procedure, the parents were contacted by phone for a verbal survey to assess their child's postoperative pain. Age, type of dental procedure, and behavior were also evaluated as covariables. The data were analyzed using Epi Info 7.0 software and GraphPad Prism 5.0 software. Chi-square or t test were performed with a significance level of five percent. RESULTS: The mean age of the children was 6.7 (±2.4 [SD]) years. Twenty-seven (51.9 percent) were boys. None of the parents reported pain at 48 hours. None of the covariables were differentially distributed among the sexes (P>0.05). There was no statistical difference between sex and pain perception immediately after the procedure (P=0.64) and after 24 hours (P=0.41). However, when the analysis was performed according to age group, a borderline association was found. Female preschoolers reported more pain immediately after the procedure than male preschoolers (P=0.06). CONCLUSION: There was no statistical difference in pain perception between sexes.