RESUMEN
This study aimed to develop a double-layer film composed of an intelligent, gelatin-based film integrated with active polyvinyl alcohol electrospun nanofibers (PVANFs). Eggplant skin extract (ESE), a colorimetric indicator, was incorporated into the gelatin-based film at varying concentrations ranging from 0 % to 8 % w/w. The gelatin film containing 8 % ESE was identified as the optimal formulation based on its superior color indication, water barrier, and mechanical properties. Savory essential oil (SEO)-loaded PVANFs were electrospun onto the optimized gelatin film to fabricate the double-layer film. Analysis of the chemical and crystalline structures and the double-layer film's thermal properties confirmed the gelatin film's physical integration with PVANFs. Morphological examination revealed a smooth surface on the film and a uniform fibrillar structure within the PVANFs. Furthermore, the developed double-layer film effectively detected spoilage in trout fish while controlling pH, oxidation, and microbial changes during storage.
Asunto(s)
Embalaje de Alimentos , Gelatina , Nanofibras , Alcohol Polivinílico , Gelatina/química , Nanofibras/química , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Embalaje de Alimentos/instrumentación , Animales , Productos Pesqueros/análisis , Conservación de Alimentos/instrumentación , Conservación de Alimentos/métodosRESUMEN
Electrospun zein-based eugenol nanofibers (ZEnF) with diameters (148.19-631.52 nm) were fabricated. Thermal degradation was found as <15 % until 300 °C while the nanofiber diffraction pattern presented three main peaks among the 5o and 45o positions. ZEnF was not only evaluated as non-toxic to cells but also possessed anticancer characteristics revealing with the MCF-7 cell line at 800 µg/mL (reduction: 18.08 %) and 1600 µg/mL (reduction: 41.64 %). Allium tests revealed that ZEnF did not have any adverse impact on the health status (chromosomes-DNA) of exposed organisms. Following the nanofiber coating for chicken meat parts (thigh and breast), it was observed up to 1.25 log CFU/g limitation in total viable bacteria counts (p < 0.05). The sensory score (difference: 3.64 in 10 points scoring on the 6th day of the cold storage) and odor score of chicken meat samples were found to be as higher than control samples (p < 0.05).
Asunto(s)
Pollos , Eugenol , Carne , Nanofibras , Zeína , Animales , Zeína/química , Nanofibras/química , Carne/análisis , Humanos , Eugenol/química , Eugenol/farmacología , Células MCF-7 , Allium/química , Conservación de AlimentosRESUMEN
To meet the needs of developing efficient extractive materials alongside the evolution of miniaturized sorbent-based sample preparation techniques, a mesoporous structure of g-C3N4 doped with sulfur as a heteroatom was achieved utilizing a bubble template approach while avoiding the severe conditions of other methods. In an effort to increase the number of adsorption sites, the resultant exfoliated structure was then modified with thymol-coumarin NADES as a natural sorbent modifier, followed by introduction into a nylon 6 polymer via an electrospinning process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis validated S-doped g-C3N4 and composite production. The prepared electrospun fiber nanocomposite, entailing satisfactory processability, was then successfully utilized as a sorbent in on-chip thin film micro-solid-phase extraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) from saliva samples prior to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Utilizing a chip device, a thin film µ-SPE coupled with LC-MS/MS analysis yielded promising outcomes with reduced sample solution and organic solvents while extending lifetime of a thin film sorbent. The DES-modified S-doped g-C3N4 amount in electrospun was optimized, along with adsorption and desorption variables. Under optimal conditions, selected NSAIDs were found to have a linear range of 0.05-100.0 ng mL-1 with an R2 ≥ 0.997. The detection limits were ranged between 0.02 and 0.2 ng mL-1. The intra-day and inter-day precisions obtained were less than 6.0%. Relative recoveries were between 93.3 and 111.4%.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos , Disolventes Eutécticos Profundos , Grafito , Límite de Detección , Nanofibras , Saliva , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Saliva/química , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/métodos , Grafito/química , Nanofibras/química , Humanos , Adsorción , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/análisis , Porosidad , Disolventes Eutécticos Profundos/química , Cromatografía Liquida/métodos , Compuestos de Nitrógeno/química , Microextracción en Fase Sólida/métodos , Extracción en Fase Sólida/métodosRESUMEN
Concerns about food safety and environmental impact from chemical surfactants have prompted interest in natural lignocellulosic materials as alternatives. In this study, we combined hydrated deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment with ultrasound treatment to prepare lignocellulosic nanofibrils (LCNF) from bamboo shoot shells with appropriate surface properties for stabilizing Pickering emulsions. The pretreatment intensity effectively modulated the surface characteristics of LCNF, achieving desirable wettability through lignin retention and in-situ esterification. The resulting LCNF/curcumin Pickering emulsion (CPE) demonstrated curcumin protection and pH-responsive color changes, while the ensuing CPE/PVA composite film exhibited ultraviolet shielding, mechanical strength, oxygen barrier, and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the CPE/PVA film showed promise as a real-time indicator for monitoring shrimp freshness, maintaining sensitivity to spoilage even after six months of storage. These findings advance the advancement of green LCNF technologies, providing eco-friendly solutions for valorizing bamboo shoot shells and enhancing the application of LCNF in Pickering emulsions.
Asunto(s)
Curcumina , Emulsiones , Lignina , Nanofibras , Curcumina/química , Lignina/química , Emulsiones/química , Animales , Nanofibras/química , Antioxidantes/química , Disolventes Eutécticos Profundos/química , Brotes de la Planta/química , Sasa/química , Humectabilidad , Concentración de Iones de HidrógenoRESUMEN
Incorporating 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) into a colon-specific carrier is crucial for treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), as it enhances therapeutic efficacy, targets the affected regions directly, and minimizes side effects. This study evaluated the impact of incorporating cellulose nanofibers (CNF) on the in vitro and in vivo biological performance of retrograded starch/pectin (RS/P) microparticles (MPs) containing 5-ASA. Using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, shifts in the spectra of retrograded samples containing CNF were observed with increasing CNF proportions, suggesting the establishment of new supramolecular interactions. Liquid absorption exhibited pH-dependent behaviors, with reduced absorption in simulated gastric fluid (â¼269 %) and increased absorption in simulated colonic fluid (â¼662 %). Increasing CNF concentrations enhanced mucoadhesion in porcine colonic sections, with a maximum force of 3.4 N at 50 % CNF. Caco-2 cell viability tests showed biocompatibility across all tested concentrations (0.0625-2.0000 mg/mL). Evaluation of intestinal permeability in Caco-2 cell monolayers demonstrated up to a tenfold increase in 5-ASA permeation, ranging from 29 % to 48 %. An in vivo study using Galleria mellonella larvae, with inflammation induced by LPS, showed reduction of inflammation. Given the scalability of spray-drying, these findings suggest the potential of CNF-incorporated RS/P microparticles for targeted 5-ASA delivery in IBD.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino , Mesalamina , Nanofibras , Pectinas , Almidón , Mesalamina/química , Mesalamina/farmacología , Mesalamina/administración & dosificación , Animales , Células CACO-2 , Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Nanofibras/química , Nanofibras/toxicidad , Porcinos , Pectinas/química , Almidón/química , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/metabolismo , Colon/patología , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/química , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Loofah sponge-like carbon nanofibers (LF-Co,N/CNFs) were utilized as a carrier for Ru(bpy)32+, and then combined with CdS to create a novel solid-state electrochemiluminescence sensor capable of detecting trace amounts of fenpropathrin. LF-Co,N/CNFs, obtained through the high-temperature pyrolysis of ZIF-67 coaxial electrospinning fibers, were characterized by a loofah-like morphology and exhibited a significant specific surface area and porosity. Apart from serving as a carrier, LF-Co,N/CNFs also functioned as a luminescence accelerator, enhancing the system's luminescence efficiency by facilitating electron transmission and reducing the transmission distance. The inclusion of CdS in the luminescence reaction, in conjunction with Ru(bpy)32+, further boosted the sensor's luminescence signal. The resulting sensor demonstrated a satisfactory signal, with fenpropathrin causing significant quenching of the ECL signal. Under optimized conditions, a linear relationship between the signal quench value and fenpropathrin concentration in the range 1 × 10-12 to 1 × 10-6 M was observed, with a detection limit of 3.3 × 10-13 M (S/N = 3). This developed sensor is characterized by its simplicity, sensitivity, and successful application in detecting fenpropathrin in real samples. The study not only presents a straightforward detection platform for fenpropathrin but also introduces new avenues for the rapid determination of various food contaminants, thereby expanding the utility of carbon fibers in electrochemiluminescence sensors.
Asunto(s)
Carbono , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Límite de Detección , Mediciones Luminiscentes , Nanofibras , Nanofibras/química , Mediciones Luminiscentes/métodos , Carbono/química , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Técnicas Electroquímicas/instrumentación , Animales , Contaminación de Alimentos/análisis , Compuestos de Cadmio/química , Piretrinas/análisis , Compuestos OrganometálicosRESUMEN
Hydrogels are highly sought-after absorbent materials for absorbent pads; however, it is still challenging to achieve a satisfactory balance between mechanical performance, water absorption capacity, and active functionalities. In this work, we presented double-network hydrogels synthesized through acrylic acid (AA) polymerization in the presence of quaternized cellulose nanofibrils (QCNF) and Fe3+. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses revealed that the combined QCNF and Fe3+ facilitated the formation of double-network hydrogels with combined chemical and physical crosslinking. The synergistic effect of QCNF and Fe3+ resulted in impressive mechanical properties, including tensile strength of 1.98 MPa, fracture elongation of 838.8 %, toughness of 7.47 MJ m-3, and elastic modulus of 0.35 MPa. In comparison to the single-network PAA hydrogel, the PAA/QCNF/Fe3+ (PQFe) hydrogels showed higher and relatively stable swelling ratios under varying pH levels and saline conditions. The PQFe hydrogels exhibited notable antioxidant activity, as evidenced by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, and demonstrated effective antibacterial activity against both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). These hydrogels show promising potential as an absorbent interlayer in absorbent pads for active food packaging.
Asunto(s)
Resinas Acrílicas , Antibacterianos , Celulosa , Escherichia coli , Hidrogeles , Hierro , Nanofibras , Staphylococcus aureus , Resistencia a la Tracción , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Celulosa/química , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Resinas Acrílicas/química , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Nanofibras/química , Hierro/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Módulo de ElasticidadRESUMEN
Self-assembled fibrinogen nanofibers are promising candidates for skin tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility and ability to mimic the native blood clot architecture. Here, we studied the structure-property relationship and degradation of rehydrated fibrinogen nanofibers prepared by salt-induced self-assembly, focusing on the effect of scaffold layering, cross-linking time and freeze-drying. Optimal fiber stability was achieved with cross-linking by formaldehyde (FA) vapor, while treatment with liquid aldehydes, genipin, EDC, and transglutaminase failed to preserve the nanofibrous architecture upon rehydration. Scaffold layering did not significantly influence the mechanical properties but changed the scaffold architecture, with bulk fiber scaffolds being more compact than layered scaffolds. Freeze-drying maintained the mechanical properties and interconnected pore network with average pore diameters around 20 µm, which will enhance the storage stability of self-assembled fibrinogen scaffolds. Varying cross-linking times altered the scaffold mechanics without affecting the swelling behavior, indicating that scaffold hydration can be controlled independently of the mechanical characteristics. Cross-linking times of 240 min increased scaffold stiffness and decreased elongation, while 30 min resulted in mechanical properties similar to native skin. Cross-linking for 120 min was found to reduce scaffold degradation by various enzymes in comparison to 60 min. Overall, after 35 days of incubation, plasmin and a combination of urokinase and plasminogen exhibited the strongest degradative effect, with nanofibers being more susceptible to enzymatic degradation than planar fibrinogen due to their higher specific surface area. Based on these results, self-assembled fibrinogen fiber scaffolds show great potential for future applications in soft tissue engineering that require controlled structure-function relationships and degradation characteristics.
Asunto(s)
Materiales Biocompatibles , Fibrinógeno , Ensayo de Materiales , Nanofibras , Andamios del Tejido , Nanofibras/química , Fibrinógeno/química , Fibrinógeno/metabolismo , Andamios del Tejido/química , Materiales Biocompatibles/química , Materiales Biocompatibles/farmacología , Ingeniería de Tejidos , Tamaño de la Partícula , Estructura MolecularRESUMEN
In this study, significant improvements in mechanical properties have been seen through the efficient inclusion of Oil Palm Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNF) as nano-fillers into green polymer matrices produced from biomass with a 28 % carbon content. The goal of the research was to make green epoxy nanocomposites utilizing solution blending process with acetone as the solvent with the different CNF loadings (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 wt%). An ultrasonic bath was used in conjunction with mechanical stirring to guarantee that CNF was effectively dispersed throughout the green epoxy. The resultant nanocomposites underwent thorough evaluation, comparing them to unfilled green epoxy and evaluating their morphological, mechanical, and thermal behavior using a variety of instruments. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was used to validate findings, which showed that the CNF were dispersed optimally inside the nanocomposites. The thermal degradation temperature (Td) of the nanocomposites showed a marginal decrement of 0.8 % in temperatures (from 348 °C to 345 °C), between unfilled green epoxy (neat) and 0.1 wt% of CNF loading. The mechanical test results, which showed a 13.3 % improvement in hardness and a 6.45 % rise in tensile strength when compared to unfilled green epoxy, were in line with previously published research. Overall, the outcomes showed that green nanocomposites have significantly improved in performance.
Asunto(s)
Celulosa , Nanocompuestos , Nanofibras , Nanocompuestos/química , Celulosa/química , Nanofibras/química , Temperatura , Resinas Epoxi/química , Resistencia a la Tracción , Tecnología Química Verde/métodos , Aceite de Palma/química , Fenómenos MecánicosRESUMEN
To create a healthier indoor environment via sustainable technologies, there is a growing demand for constructing high-performance air filters from natural materials. Addressing this need, we have fabricated high-performance protein air filters with a tailored frame-channel structure via electrospinning. The innovative feature of the protein air filter is generated by adding a small amount of an organic salt, tetrabutylammonium chloride (TBAC), to modulate the denaturation of zein for tuning electrical charge distribution and hydrophilicity of the protein solutions. The results highlight that the optimized filter with 1.0 wt% TBAC exhibits a denser nanofiber assembly on the frame and a sparser arrangement on the channel. Functionally, the filter demonstrates ultralow pressure drop (ca. 9.04 Pa) that is only a third of that observed in unmodified formulation and commercial air filters, while it maintains high filtration efficiency in capturing PM2.5 (99.42% ± 0.30%) and PM0.3 (98.25 ± 0.39%). More importantly, the filter indicates multifunctional perspectives, e.g., high removal efficiency for formaldehyde (HCHO) and PM2.5 under high airflow rates (up to 8 L/min) or after prolonged testing period (120 min). Our design of the frame-channel structure for the protein air filter marks a leap forward in developing biomass-based structural materials.
Asunto(s)
Filtros de Aire , Tamaño de la Partícula , Ensayo de Materiales , Materiales Biocompatibles/química , Proteínas/química , Material Particulado/química , Nanofibras/químicaRESUMEN
The article explores the science and practice of electrospinning, tracing its history and examining the factors that influence fiber morphology, including the solution composition, processing conditions, and environmental conditions. It offers a thorough examination of electrospinning fundamentals geared toward generating an appropriate platform for creating tailored nanofibers for sensing applications in the food industry. These nanofibers play a critical role in food analysis, sensing, and traceability, and we highlight their effectiveness in identifying pesticide residues, food components, antibiotics, heavy metals, and foodborne pathogens as well as in monitoring the freshness and spoilage of food. The use of electrospinning technology is poised to make sensing platforms more accessible, affordable, and widespread, thereby significantly contributing to the improvement of food quality and safety monitoring practices.
Asunto(s)
Nanofibras , Nanofibras/química , Contaminación de Alimentos/análisis , Contaminación de Alimentos/prevención & control , Análisis de los Alimentos/métodosRESUMEN
A novel ophthalmic delivery system utilizing levofloxacin-loaded, preservative-free, nanofiber-based inserts was investigated. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Poloxamer 407 (Polox)were employed as matrix materials, while hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-ß-CD) was a solubilizer. The formulations were prepared via electrospinning and characterized for fiber morphology, drug dissolution, cytotoxicity, and antimicrobial activity. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed uniform fibrous structures. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses demonstrated the amorphous state of levofloxacin within the fibers. In vitro dissolution studies revealed a rapid (within 2 min) and complete drug release, with higher HP-ß-CD levels slightly delaying the release. Cytotoxicity tests showed increased HP-ß-CD concentrations induced irritation, that was mitigated by sodium hyaluronate. The antimicrobial efficacy of the nanofibers was comparable to conventional eye drops, with lower minimum inhibitory concentrations for most tested strains. The nanofibrous formulation prepared from a PVA-Polox-based viscous solution of the drug:CD 1:1 mol ratio, containing 0.4% (w/w) sodium hyaluronate) was identified as a particularly promising alternative formulation due to its rapid and complete dissolution, good biocompatibility, and effective antimicrobial properties. Its gelling properties indicate that the residence time on the eye surface can be increased, potentially reducing discomfort and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. The nanofibrous formulations enhanced antimicrobial efficacy, providing a preservative-free alternative that minimizes the potential eye irritation that might occur because of the preservative agent and reduces the administrated dose frequency by extending the drug's retention time on the eye's surface. Subsequently, it improves patients' adherence, which would reflect positively on the bioavailability. The levofloxacin-HP-ß-CD nanofibers demonstrate promise as an alternative to traditional eye drops, offering advantages in solubility, stability, and patient compliance for ocular infection treatment.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana , Levofloxacino , Nanofibras , Nanofibras/química , Levofloxacino/química , Levofloxacino/farmacología , Levofloxacino/administración & dosificación , Conjuntivitis Bacteriana/tratamiento farmacológico , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Antibacterianos/administración & dosificación , Alcohol Polivinílico/química , Soluciones Oftálmicas/química , Soluciones Oftálmicas/farmacología , 2-Hidroxipropil-beta-Ciclodextrina/química , Humanos , Animales , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Administración Oftálmica , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Liberación de Fármacos , Composición de Medicamentos/métodos , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Poloxámero/químicaRESUMEN
The use of biodegradable materials combined with natural metabolites in wound dressings has received much attention. Flavonoids (FLs) from green cocoons, as metabolites, have antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other pharmacological effects. In this study, composite membranes of FL-loaded polylactic glycolic acid (PLGA)/silk fibroin (SF) were prepared by an electrospinning method. The prepared membranes, including SF, exhibited a good slow-release effect and cytocompatibility. An in vitro evaluation of the FL-loaded PLGA/SF membranes demonstrated good antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Animal experiments showed that the wound healing rate of PLGA/SF-2.5FL membranes within 15 days was 97.3%, and that of the control group was 72.5%. The PLGA/SF-2.5FL membranes shortened the inflammatory period of a full-layer wound model and promoted skin regeneration and wound healing by downregulating expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1ß and TNF-α and promoting expression of the growth factors VEGF, TGF-ß, and EGF. In summary, the PLGA/SF-2.5FL composite nanofibre membrane with anti-inflammatory properties is an ideal wound dressing to promote acute wound healing.
Asunto(s)
Fibroínas , Flavonoides , Nanofibras , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico-Ácido Poliglicólico , Cicatrización de Heridas , Fibroínas/química , Fibroínas/farmacología , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Nanofibras/química , Animales , Copolímero de Ácido Poliláctico-Ácido Poliglicólico/química , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/farmacología , Ratones , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Ratas , Masculino , Membranas Artificiales , Vendajes , HumanosRESUMEN
Core-shell nanostructures are powerful platforms for the development of novel nanoscale drug delivery systems with sustained drug release profiles. Coaxial electrospinning is facile and convenient for creating medicated core-shell nanostructures with elaborate designs with which the sustained-release behaviors of drug molecules can be intentionally adjusted. With resveratrol (RES) as a model for a poorly water-soluble drug and cellulose acetate (CA) and PVP as polymeric carriers, a brand-new electrospun core-shell nanostructure was fabricated in this study. The guest RES and the host CA molecules were designed to have a reverse gradient distribution within the core-shell nanostructures. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope evaluations verified that these nanofibers had linear morphologies, without beads or spindles, and an obvious core-shell double-chamber structure. The X-ray diffraction patterns and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic results indicated that the involved components were highly compatible and presented in an amorphous molecular distribution state. In vitro dissolution tests verified that the new core-shell structures were able to prevent the initial burst release, extend the continuous-release time period, and reduce the negative tailing-off release effect, thus ensuring a better sustained-release profile than the traditional blended drug-loaded nanofibers. The mechanism underlying the influence of the new core-shell structure with an RES/CA reverse gradient distribution on the behaviors of RES release is proposed. Based on this proof-of-concept demonstration, a series of advanced functional nanomaterials can be similarly developed based on the gradient distributions of functional molecules within electrospun multi-chamber nanostructures.
Asunto(s)
Celulosa , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada , Portadores de Fármacos , Liberación de Fármacos , Nanofibras , Resveratrol , Nanofibras/química , Preparaciones de Acción Retardada/química , Resveratrol/química , Resveratrol/administración & dosificación , Celulosa/química , Celulosa/análogos & derivados , Portadores de Fármacos/química , Polímeros/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Difracción de Rayos XRESUMEN
Personal protective equipment (PPE) has attracted more attention since the outbreak of the epidemic in 2019. Advanced nano techniques, such as electrospinning, can provide new routes for developing novel PPE. However, electrospun antibacterial PPE is not easily obtained. Fibers loaded with photosensitizers prepared using single-fluid electrospinning have a relatively low utilization rate due to the influence of embedding and their inadequate mechanical properties. For this study, monolithic nanofibers and core-shell nanofibers were prepared and compared. Monolithic F1 fibers comprising polyethylene oxide (PEO), poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (PVA-co-PE), and the photo-antibacterial agent vitamin K3 (VK3) were created using a single-fluid blending process. Core-shell F2 nanofibers were prepared using coaxial electrospinning, in which the extensible material PEO was set as the core section, and a composite consisting of PEO, PVA-co-PE, and VK3 was set as the shell section. Both F1 and F2 fibers with the designed structural properties had an average diameter of approximately 1.0 µm, as determined using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. VK3 was amorphously dispersed within the polymeric matrices of F1 and F2 fibers in a compatible manner, as revealed using X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Monolithic F1 fibers had a higher tensile strength of 2.917 ± 0.091 MPa, whereas the core-shell F2 fibers had a longer elongation with a break rate of 194.567 ± 0.091%. Photoreaction tests showed that, with their adjustment, core-shell F2 nanofibers could produce 0.222 µmol/L ·OH upon illumination. F2 fibers had slightly better antibacterial performance than F1 fibers, with inhibition zones of 1.361 ± 0.012 cm and 1.296 ± 0.022 cm for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively, but with less VK3. The intentional tailoring of the components and compositions of the core-shell nanostructures can improve the process-structure-performance relationship of electrospun nanofibers for potential sunlight-activated antibacterial PPE.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos , Nanofibras , Vitamina K 3 , Nanofibras/química , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Vitamina K 3/química , Vitamina K 3/farmacología , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/efectos de los fármacos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
The electrospinning process is an effective technique for creating micro- and nanofibers from synthetic and natural polymers, with significant potential for biomedical applications and drug delivery systems due to their high drug-loading capacity, large surface area, and tunable release times. Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) stands out for its excellent thermo-mechanical properties, biodegradability, and bioabsorbability. Electrospun PLLA nanofibrous structures have been extensively investigated as wound dressings, sutures, drug delivery carriers, and tissue engineering scaffolds. This study aims to create and characterize electrospun PLLA membranes loaded with spironolactone (SP), mimicking active compounds of Ganoderma lucidum (GL), to develop a biodegradable patch for topical wound-healing applications. GL, a medicinal mushroom, enhances dermal wound healing with its bioactive compounds, such as polysaccharides and ganoderic acids. Focusing on GL extracts-obtained through green extraction methods-and innovative drug delivery, we created new fibers for wound-healing potential applications. To integrate complex mixtures of bioactive compounds into the fibers, we developed a prototype using a single pure substance representing the extract mixture. This painstaking work presents the results of the fabricating, wetting, moisture properties, material resilience, and full characterization of the product, providing a robust rationale for the fabrication of fibers imbued with more complex extracts.
Asunto(s)
Vendajes , Poliésteres , Espironolactona , Cicatrización de Heridas , Espironolactona/química , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Poliésteres/química , Nanofibras/química , Reishi/química , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , HumanosRESUMEN
The excessive utilization of antimicrobials in humans and animals has resulted in considerable environmental contamination, necessitating the development of high-performance antibiotic adsorption media. A significant challenge is the development of composite nanofibrous materials that are both beneficial and easy to fabricate, with the aim of improving adsorption capacity. Herein, a new kind of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8)-modified regenerated cellulose nanofibrous membrane (ZIF-8@RC NFM) was designed and fabricated by combining electrospinning and in situ surface modification technologies. Benefiting from its favorable surface wettability, enhanced tensile strength, interconnected porous structure, and relatively large specific surface area, the resulting ZIF-8@RC NFMs exhibit a relatively high adsorption capacity for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) of 105 mg g-1 within 3 h. Moreover, a Langmuir isotherm model and a pseudo-second-order model have been demonstrated to be more appropriate for the description of the TCH adsorption process of ZIF-8@RC-3 NFMs. Additionally, this composite fibrous material could keep a relatively stable adsorption capability under various ionic strengths. The successful fabrication of the novel ZIF-8@RC NFMs may shed light on the further development of wastewater adsorption treatment materials.
Asunto(s)
Celulosa , Nanofibras , Tetraciclina , Zeolitas , Tetraciclina/química , Nanofibras/química , Adsorción , Celulosa/química , Zeolitas/química , Imidazoles/química , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/química , Estructuras Metalorgánicas/química , Membranas Artificiales , Purificación del Agua/métodosRESUMEN
Textile sweat sensors possess immense potential for non-invasive health monitoring. Rapid in-situ sweat capture and prevention of its evaporation are crucial for accurate and stable real-time monitoring. Herein, we introduce a unidirectional, pump-free microfluidic sweat management system to tackle this challenge. A nanofiber sheath layer on micrometer-scale sensing filaments enables this pumpless microfluidic design. Utilizing the capillary effect of the nanofibers allows for the swift capture of sweat, while the differential configuration of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the sheath and core yarns prevents sweat evaporation. The Laplace pressure difference between the cross-scale fibers facilitates the management system to ultimately expulse sweat. This results in microfluidic control of sweat without the need for external forces, resulting in rapid (<5 s), sensitive (19.8 nA µM-1), and stable (with signal noise and drift suppression) sweat detection. This yarn sensor can be easily integrated into various fabrics, enabling the creation of health monitoring smart garments. The garments maintain good monitoring performance even after 20 washes. This work provides a solution for designing smart yarns for high-precision, stable, and non-invasive health monitoring.
Asunto(s)
Técnicas Biosensibles , Diseño de Equipo , Sudor , Textiles , Sudor/química , Técnicas Biosensibles/instrumentación , Humanos , Dispositivos Electrónicos Vestibles , Nanofibras/química , Dispositivos Laboratorio en un Chip , Técnicas Analíticas Microfluídicas/instrumentación , MicrofluídicaRESUMEN
Reducing unnecessary blood loss in hemostasis is a major challenge for traditional hemostatic materials due to uncontrolled blood absorption. Tuning the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of hemostatic materials provides a road to reduce blood loss. Here, we developed a superhydrophobic aerogel that enabled remarkably reduced blood loss. The aerogel was fabricated with polydopamine-coated and fluoroalkyl chain-modified bacterial cellulose via a directional freeze-drying method. Primarily, the hydrophobic feature prevented blood from uncontrolled absorption by the material and overflowing laterally. Additionally, the aerogel had a dense network of channels that allowed it to absorb water from blood due to the capillary effect, and fluoroalkyl chains trapped the blood cells entering the channels to form a compact barrier via hydrophobic interaction at the bottom of the aerogel, causing quick fibrin generation and blood coagulation. The animal experiments reveal that the aerogel reduced the hemostatic time by 68% and blood loss by 87 wt % compared with QuikClot combat gauze. The study demonstrates the superiority of superhydrophobic aerogels for hemostasis and provides new insights into the development of hemostatic materials.
Asunto(s)
Celulosa , Hemostasis , Hemostáticos , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Nanofibras , Celulosa/química , Celulosa/farmacología , Animales , Nanofibras/química , Hemostáticos/química , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Hemostasis/efectos de los fármacos , Geles/química , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/farmacología , Ratones , Humanos , Coagulación Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Indoles/químicaRESUMEN
Particle concentrations (w) and oil content (Φ) are crucial factors influencing the gel stability of Pickering emulsions. To understand the stabilization mechanism comprehensively, we prepared emulsion gels stabilized by CNF/DMY composite particles at various w (0.5-1.5 wt%) and Φ (0.2-0.6, v/v). The microstructure revealed the adsorption of these particles at the oil-water interface, with excess particles forming a three-dimensional network structure in the continuous phase. Rheological studies showed that the network structure of Pickering emulsions was significantly influenced by w and Φ, resulting in improved emulsion gel strength that hindered the movement of oil droplets and oxygen in the continuous phase, thereby enhancing emulsion stability. Three scenarios for the critical strain (γco) were observed: at Φ = 0.2, γco decreased with increasing w, while at Φ = 0.4, γco increased with increasing w. At Φ = 0.6, γco remained relatively constant regardless of w. In conclusion, adjusting particle concentration and oil content enabled the control of microstructure, rheological properties, and antioxidant capacity of emulsion gels. These findings could be a valuable resource for formulating and ensuring the quality of emulsion gel-based products in the food industry.