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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was significantly associated with increased overall risk of periodontitis, both chronic, inflammatory pathologies leading to connective tissue breakdown and bone destruction. To identify clinical and/or serological variables routinely evaluated during follow-up of people with RA which are associated with the severity of their periodontal disease. An observational, cross-sectional study was carried out, which included RA patients according to ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria having chronic periodontal disease. RA clinical parameters (disease duration, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum C-reactive protein, disease activity (DAS28) and rheumatoid factor, presence of bone erosions and rheumatic nodules) and also corticosteroid therapy were considered. Periodontitis was evaluated according to the American Academy of Periodontology (1999) and chronic periodontitis was assessed by full mouth periapical radiographic examination, periodontal probing depth, clinical attachment level and bleeding index. A total of 110 subjects with RA and chronic periodontitis were included. The female/male relation was 5.1, and no significant differences between genres were found in rheumatic or oral variables. RA patients with longer disease duration, higher disease activity and with rheumatic nodules had significantly greater periodontitis severity. Multivariate analysis confirmed that severe periodontitis was associated with DAS283 4.1 (OR 51.4, CI 95% 9.4-281.5) and the presence of rheumatic nodules (OR 6.4, CI 95% 1.3-31.6). Disease activity and rheumatic nodules were strongly associated with severe periodontitis. Based on these findings it would be desirable to include interdisciplinary management at an early stage of RA to ensure comprehensive treatment of both pathologies.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) more often affect women, but extra-articular manifestations ­ cardiac, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, nervous, ocular, pulmonary and renal, are predominant in men [1­7]. These changes are found in approximately 40-50% of active chronic disease [1, 5, 6, 8]. Skin nodules occur in up to 20% of cases, mainly if rheumatoid factor is positive [1-3, 5], and are related to small vessel vasculitis, similarly to digital changes and ulcers of extremities. Pulmonary nodules are associated with positive rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrulinated peptide antibody; and can evolve with necrosis and central cavitations [1-3, 5-7]. The woman herein reported had longstanding seropositive RA with cavitary pulmonary nodules and indolent cutaneous ulcer in the left elbow

La artritis reumatoide (AR) afecta con mayor frecuencia a las mujeres, pero es extraarticular. manifestaciones cardíacas, cutáneas, gastrointestinales, nerviosas, oculares, Pulmonar y renal, son predominantes en los hombres [1­7]. Estos cambios se encuentran en aproximadamente el 40-50% de las enfermedades crónicas activas [1, 5, 6, 8]. Los nódulos cutáneos se producen en hasta el 20% de los casos, principalmente si el factor reumatoide es positivo [1-3, 5], y están relacionados con vasculitis de pequeños vasos, de forma similar a la digital Cambios y úlceras de extremidades. Los nódulos pulmonares están asociados. con factor reumatoide positivo y péptido citrulinado anticíclico anticuerpo; y puede evolucionar con necrosis y cavitaciones centrales [1-3, 5-7]. La mujer aquí reportada tenía una AR seropositiva de larga data con Nódulos pulmonares cavitarios y úlcera cutánea indolente en el codo izquierdo.

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Avaliamos o papel da proteína M na indução de lesões similares às observadas na febre reumática (FR), utilizando o rato Lewis como modelo experimental. Identificamos a cepa M1 do S. pyogenes como a mais freqüentemente isolada em amostras locais. Produzimos a proteína M1 recombinante e, mostramos que a imunização usando esta proteína produziu lesões similares às lesões patognomônicas da FR em 50 por cento dos animais. Demonstramos resposta humoral e celular específica contra a proteína M1 e contra as regiões M1AB e M1C. Não observamos, entretanto, reações cruzadas com a miosina cardíaca. Células mononucleares infiltrantes do miocárdio de animais imunizados foram cultivadas, em presença de IL-2, mostrando que estas células foram sensibilizadas. Em conclusão, o modelo proposto ajudará a esclarecer a imunopatologia da FR...

We have evaluated M protein role in eliciting rheumatic fever-like lesions, using the Lewis rat as an animal model. We have identified S. pyogenes M1 strain as the most frequently isolated from local samples. We have produced M1 recombinant protein and shown that immunization using this protein led to rheumatic fever characteristic lesions in 50 per cent of the animals. We demonstrated a humoral and cellular specific response targeting M1 protein and M1AB and M1C regions. We did not observe, however, cross reactions with cardiac myosin. Mononuclear cells infiltrating myocardium of immunized animals were grown in presence of IL-2, showing that these cells were sensitized. In conclusion, the proposed model will help clarifying on the...

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As doenças reumáticas produzem alterações sistêmicas e podem, por isso, comprometer os vasos sangüíneos, as serosas e as mucosas de todo o trato aerodigestivo. Casos esporádicos de acometimento laríngeo por doenças reumáticas têm sido descritos. Esse estudo tem por objetivo avaliar e descrever as alterações laríngeas encontradas em pacientes reumatológicos. FORMA DE ESTUDO: coorte transversal. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo transversal com pacientes portadores de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico, esclerodermia e doença mista do tecido conjuntivo. Os pacientes submeteram-se a exame clínico otorrinolaringológico e à videolaringoestroboscopia. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos no estudo 27 pacientes sendo que 26 conseguiram realizar a videolaringoestroboscopia. Alterações laríngeas foram observadas em 11 dos 12 pacientes portadores de lúpus, nos 11 pacientes portadores de esclerodermia e nos 3 pacientes portadores de doença mista do tecido conjuntivo. Lesões sugestivas de nódulo em bambu foram identificados em 5 pacientes e 92,3 por cento dos pacientes apresentaram sinais laríngeos de síndrome faringolaríngea do refluxo. CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo identificamos 5 lesões sugestivas de nódulos em bambu e sinais laríngeos de refluxo em quase todos os pacientes.

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A febre reumática é uma doença inflamatória, sistêmica e recorrente, que se manifesta cerca de uma a seis semanas após a infecção aguda da orofaringe por estreptococos beta-hemolíticos do grupo A. Presume-se que seja uma resposta imunológica a antígenos estreptocócicos ou uma reação auto-imune induzida pelos estreptococos, em indivíduos geneticamente suscetíveis. Acomete crianças de 5 a 15 anos, mas 20 por cento dos surtos iniciais ocorrem em indivíduos de meia idade ou idosos. No coração há comprometimento dos tecidos conjuntivos pericárdico, miocárdico e endocárdico. A pericardite é exuberante e predominantemente fibrinosa, com aspecto macroscópico de "pão com manteiga". A miocardite causa aumento cardíaco, principalmente por dilatação ventricular. No tecido conjuntivo cardíaco encontram-se nódulos de Aschoff, que retratam histologicamente as fases evolutivas da doença: exsudativa, proliferativa e cicatricial. O nódulo de Aschoff, na fase proliferativa, é patognomônico de atividade reumática, apresentando degeneração fibrinóide do colágeno e acúmulo de células inflamatórias, dentre elas as células de Anitsch-kow. Pequenas vegetações são encontradas nas linhas de fechamento valvar, mais comumente mitro-aórticas. Histologicamente são elevações da superfície valvar, decorrentes da deposição de fibrina e plaquetas ou da degeneração fibrinóide do colágeno local. O dano cardíaco é cumulativo, aumentando a cada episódio de atividade. As alterações reumáticas crônicas mais importantes resultam da cicatrização das lesões agudas valvares e podem ocorrer em todas as valvas. A estenose mitral é a seqüela reumática mais freqüente, seguida pela estenose mitro-aórtica e pela estenose aórtica isolada. Pode haver associação de estenose e insuficiência valvar, que é mais comum nas lesões aórticas.

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UNLABELLED: Rheumatic diseases usually promote several systemic disorders, which can affect blood vessels, mucosa and serosa of the aerodigestive tract. Scarce laryngeal involvement has been described in these patients and this study aims at investigating laryngeal alterations found in patients with rheumatic diseases. STUDY DESIGN: Transversal cohort. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A transversal study was developed with systemic lupus erythematous, systemic sclerosis and mixed connective tissue disease's patients. They were evaluated by means of clinical examinations and videolaryngoestroboscopy. RESULTS: Twenty-seven patients were included in the study, 26 succeeded in completing the videolaryngoestroboscopy. Laryngeal abnormalities were seen in 11 of 12 patients with lupus, in all 11 patients with sclerodermia and in 3 patients with mixed connective tissue disease. Vocal fold bamboo node was observed in 5 patients and 92.3% of all patients presented laryngeal signs of gastroesophageal reflux disease. CONCLUSION: We noticed 5 vocal fold bamboo nodes and gastroesophageal reflux disease in almost all patients.

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La fiebre reumática (FR) continúa siendo en las zonas rurales un problema de salud, especialmente en niños. Con frecuencia se consulta en los servicios de emergencia por un cuadro febril agudo con artritis concomitante.Saber reconocer y tratar una fiebre reumática en sus estados iniciales evita las secuelas cardiacas posteriores. Aunque la incidencia y la prevalencia de la FR han disminuido gracias a la profilaxis que se realiza con los antibióticos disponibles, hay factores de riesgo que condicionan su desarrollo.Como médicos familiares tenemos la oportunidad de detectar dichos riesgos y actuar antes de que se presente el problema. Ya que es una enfermedad que deja secuelas incapacitantes que deterioran la calidad de vida de los pacientes.El artículo que a continuación usted leerá, es una revisión bibliográfica donde podrá encontrar lo más importante y reciente acerca de la FR, desde su concepto pasando por una adecuada revisión de la sintomatología y etiología, lo que permitirá al lector si hace un correcto uso de este, poder llegar a diagnóstico precoz y adecuado tratamiento, por consiguiente, a disminuir la tasa de morbimortalidad por FR, sin dejar de tener en cuenta y hacer énfasis en que la profilaxis es la medida más importante y efectiva para reducir la morbimortalidad.

The rheumatic fever (F.R.) continues to be a health problem in children in rural areas. Consulted in the emergency room for having symptoms such as fever and concomitant arthritis.The Objective of this study is to know how to recognize and to treat a rheumatic fever in its initial states so when can avoid the later heart problems. Although the incidence and the prevalencia of the RF has diminished thanks to the prevention that is carried out with the available antibiotics, there are factors of risk that condition its development.As doctors we have the opportunity to detect these risks and to act before the problem is arises. Since it is an illness that will leave sequels that deteriorate the quality of life of the patient. In this article you can find the most important and recent information about F.R. It will explain the etiology, symptoms that the reader will be able to use to make a diagnosis and give the appropriate treatment. This will lead to a decrease of the mortality rate of R.F.

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Los síndromes histiocíticos son afecciones de difícil diagnóstico, que conciernen a los dermatólogos, a los médicos internistas, a los reumatólogos y a los patólogos. Las decisiones terapéuticas pueden ser de agresividad variable, produciendo una gran morbilidad. La reticulohistiocitosis multicéntrica es un padecimiento infrecuente cuya dificultad diagnóstica, así como los diagnósticos diferenciales, deben ser ampliamente conocidos.

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A 36-old-woman was admitted with an infectious syndrome, respiratory insufficiency and vasculitis. There was a history of chronic intravenous drug abuse, sexual promiscuity and rheumatic heart disease. She had HIV positive tests. The vasculitis and heart failure worsened and the patient died of stroke. At autopsy it was found histologic evidence of AIDS, rheumatic heart disease with Aschoff nodes, infective endocarditis with cerebral abscesses and thalamic infarction.

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A 36-old-woman was admitted with an infectious syndrome, respiratory insufficiency and vasculitis. There was a history of chronic intravenous drug abuse, sexual promiscuity and rheumatic heart disease. She had HIV positive tests. The vasculitis and heart failure worsened and the patient died of stroke. At autopsy it was found histologic evidence of AIDS, rheumatic heart disease with Aschoff nodes, infective endocarditis with cerebral abscesses and thalamic infarction

Paciente do sexo feminino com 36 anos de idade, vida sexual promíscua e usuária de drogas endovenosas, com passado de cardite reumática, foi internada com síndrome infecciosa, insuficiência respiratória, insuficiência cardíaca congestiva e vasculite. A pesquisa para anticorpo anti-HIV foi positiva em teste realizado. Houve agravamento da vasculite e da insuficiência cardíaca e evolução para o óbito com acidente vascular cerebral. À necropsia constatou-se quadro anatomopatológico de síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida (SIDA), cardiopatia reumática com nódulos de Aschoff e, ainda, endocardite infecciosa com abcessos cerebrais e infarto hemorrágico no tálamo.

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Desde la descripción original de los cuerpos o nódulos de Aschoff hasta nuestros días, los aspectos histopatogénicos han sido motivo de serias discusiones; uno de los temas álgidos lo constituye precisamente la naturaleza celular de los elementos que forman parte de los citados cuerpos, en particular porque se han atribuido diversos orígenes, ya sea elementos linfocitoides, células epitelioides, miocitos, endotelio vascular, leucocitos endoteliales, histiocitos y elementos mesenquimatosos indiferenciados. La presente revisión bibliográfica procura establecer, en un principio, un perfil histórico de todos aquellos aportes científicos de trascendencia

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Los nódulos subcutáneos están presentes en múltiples enfermedades sistémicas incluyendo lupus eritematoso sistémico, fiebre reumática, artritis reumatoidea y gota. Llamamos la atención sobre aquellos pacientes con tofos subcutáneos múltiples por depósito de urato monosódico sin historia de artritis gotosa. Presentamos un caso de un hombre con presencia de nódulos subcutáneos indoloros de seis años de evolución en carpos, metacarpofalángicas, interfalángicas proximales, codos y rodillas, sin antecedentes de artritis. Planteamos la existencia de un subgrupo clínico de pacientes con gota, cuyo curso es más benigno con respecto al compromiso articular y se proponen sus criterios clínicos

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Um caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino de seis anos de idade com lesäo de granuloma anular subcutâneo na regiäo plantar é relatado. Após dois meses ela desenvolveu uma lesäo típica de granuloma anular na perna. Uma revisäo da literatura também é apresentada

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The histologic findings of 325 necropsies of rheumatic patients at the National Institute of Cardiology in Mexico, between 1980-1985 were studied forty five of them had Aschoff nodules plus valvular inflammation-Out of these 45 cases two groups were formed: children-adolescent group (24 cases) and an adult group (21 cases). The clinical, histologic and laboratory findings were compared. Clinical records were reviewed searching for history of rheumatic fever. Active rheumatic fever was suspected in 16 patients in the younger group (67%) and only in 3 adults (14.2%). As far as Jones' criteria is concerned, the most common finding was carditis, principally in the younger group (83%). In the adult group, it appeared in 50% of the patients. All other criteria were only occasionally seen or could not be identified during the patients lifetime. The most common laboratory finding which could suggest active rheumatic fever were: a high levels of anti-streptolysin in younger patients (95%) and elevation of erythro-sedimentation in adults (83%). We conclude that in active rheumatic fever of the adult; Jones criteria are not met, so the illness is difficult to recognize, and there is clinical-histologic discrepancy. In this context the disease has a "silent" evolution.

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We studied atrial appendages and valvular apparatus from patients undergoing cardiac surgery for rheumatic heart disease, looking for active histologic lesions. After reviewing 673 specimens (1980-1985) we studied two groups: 31 cases with Aschoff nodules or ill-differentiated histopathological lesions, and 31 cases, without tissular inflammatory abnormalities. In the former we found 8 cases with suspected clinical activity in a 3 months period before surgery, in the latter only 2 cases had similar findings. The Jones criteria are not useful for recognizing rheumatic activity among patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease, there is no clinical-histopathological correlations and it is possible that chronic inflammation occurs at the heart as an organ-limited condition.

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