RESUMEN
Background: The incidence of peptic ulcers has decreased during the last decades; the COVID-19 pandemic may have influenced the peptic ulcer hospitalizations. The study aimed to assess the admissions and mortality for complicated and uncomplicated peptic ulcers and the influence of the pandemic period. Material and Methods: We performed an observational study at a tertiary academic center, including all patients admitted for peptic ulcers between 2017-2021. We evaluated the admissions for complicated and uncomplicated ulcers and risk factors for mortality. Results: 1416 peptic ulcers were admitted, with an equal proportion of gastric and duodenal ulcers; most patients were admitted for bleeding (66.7%), and perforation (17.3%). We noted a decreasing trend for peptic bleeding ulcer (PUB) and uncomplicated ulcer admissions during 2020-2021, while for perforation no significant variation was recorded; a decreasing mortality in PUB was noted from 2017 to 2020. Admissions for bleeding peptic ulcer have decreased by 36.6% during the pandemic period; the mortality rate was similar. Admissions for perforated peptic ulcer have decreased by 14.4%, with a higher mortality rate during the pandemic period (16.83 versus 6.73%). Conclusion: A decreasing trend for PUB admissions but not for perforated ulcers was noted. Admissions for PUB have decreased by more than 1/3 during the pandemic period, with a similar mortality rate. Admissions for perforated peptic ulcers have decreased by 1/7, with significantly higher mortality rates during the pandemic period.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Úlcera Péptica Hemorrágica , Úlcera Péptica Perforada , Úlcera Péptica , Centros de Atención Terciaria , Humanos , Centros de Atención Terciaria/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Femenino , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/mortalidad , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Úlcera Péptica/mortalidad , Úlcera Péptica/epidemiología , Úlcera Péptica/complicaciones , Úlcera Péptica Hemorrágica/mortalidad , Úlcera Péptica Hemorrágica/epidemiología , Úlcera Péptica Perforada/mortalidad , Úlcera Péptica Perforada/cirugía , Úlcera Péptica Perforada/epidemiología , Rumanía/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Úlcera Duodenal/mortalidad , Úlcera Duodenal/complicaciones , Úlcera Duodenal/epidemiología , Mortalidad Hospitalaria/tendencias , Úlcera Gástrica/mortalidad , Úlcera Gástrica/epidemiología , Incidencia , Pandemias , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Estudios Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , Anciano de 80 o más AñosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore the optimal pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) range during hospitalization for patients with sepsis. METHODS: A case-control study design was employed. Demographic information, vital signs, comorbidities, laboratory parameters, critical illness scores, clinical treatment information, and clinical outcomes of sepsis patients were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care- IV (MIMIC- IV). A generalized additive model (GAM) combined with a Loess smoothing function was employed to analyze and visualize the nonlinear relationship between SpO2 levels during hospitalization and in-hospital all-cause mortality. The optimal range of SpO2 was determined, and Logistic regression model along with Kaplan-Meier curve were utilized to validate the association between the determined range of SpO2 and in-hospital all-cause mortality. RESULTS: A total of 5 937 patients met the inclusion criteria, among whom 1 191 (20.1%) died during hospitalization. GAM analysis revealed a nonlinear and U-shaped relationship between SpO2 levels and in-hospital all-cause mortality among sepsis patients during hospitalization. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis further confirmed that patients with SpO2 levels between 0.96 and 0.98 during hospitalization had a decreased mortality compared to those with SpO2 < 0.96 [hypoxia group; odds ratio (OR) = 2.659, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 2.190-3.229, P < 0.001] and SpO2 > 0.98 (hyperoxia group; OR = 1.594, 95%CI was 1.337-1.900, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that patients with SpO2 between 0.96 and 0.98 during hospitalization had a higher probability of survival than those patient with SpO2 < 0.96 and SpO2 > 0.98 (Log-Rank test: χ 2 = 113.400, P < 0.001). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that, with the exception of subgroups with smaller sample sizes, across the strata of age, gender, body mass index (BMI), admission type, race, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, body temperature, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, chronic liver disease, diabetes mellitus, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II), systemic inflammatory response syndrome score (SIRS), and Glasgow coma score (GCS), the mortality of patients with SpO2 between 0.96 and 0.98 was significantly lower than those of patients with SpO2 < 0.96 and SpO2 > 0.98. CONCLUSIONS: During hospitalization, the level of SpO2 among sepsis patients exhibits a U-shaped relationship with in-hospital all-cause mortality, indicating that heightened and diminished oxygen levels are both associated with increased mortality risk. The optimal SpO2 range is determined to be between 0.96 and 0.98.
Asunto(s)
Saturación de Oxígeno , Sepsis , Humanos , Sepsis/sangre , Sepsis/diagnóstico , Sepsis/mortalidad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Masculino , Femenino , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Hospitalización , Modelos Logísticos , Oxígeno/sangre , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , PronósticoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Noninvasive respiratory support modalities are common alternatives to mechanical ventilation in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. However, studies historically compare noninvasive respiratory support to conventional oxygen rather than mechanical ventilation. In this study, we compared outcomes in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure treated initially with noninvasive respiratory support to patients treated initially with invasive mechanical ventilation. METHODS: This is a retrospective observational cohort study between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019 at a large healthcare network in the United States. We used a validated phenotyping algorithm to classify adult patients (≥18 years) with eligible International Classification of Diseases codes into two cohorts: those treated initially with noninvasive respiratory support or those treated invasive mechanical ventilation only. The primary outcome was time-to-in-hospital death analyzed using an inverse probability of treatment weighted Cox model adjusted for potential confounders. Secondary outcomes included time-to-hospital discharge alive. A secondary analysis was conducted to examine potential differences between noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and nasal high flow. RESULTS: During the study period, 3177 patients met inclusion criteria (40% invasive mechanical ventilation, 60% noninvasive respiratory support). Initial noninvasive respiratory support was not associated with a decreased hazard of in-hospital death (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.35-1.2), but was associated with an increased hazard of discharge alive (HR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.92-2.67). In-hospital death varied between the nasal high flow (HR 3.27, 95% CI: 1.43-7.45) and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.25-1.07), but both were associated with increased likelihood of discharge alive (nasal high flow HR 2.12, 95 CI: 1.25-3.57; noninvasive positive pressure ventilation HR 2.29, 95% CI: 1.92-2.74). CONCLUSIONS: These data show that noninvasive respiratory support is not associated with reduced hazards of in-hospital death but is associated with hospital discharge alive.
Asunto(s)
Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Ventilación no Invasiva , Insuficiencia Respiratoria , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/terapia , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/mortalidad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anciano , Ventilación no Invasiva/métodos , Respiración Artificial/métodos , Hipoxia/terapia , Enfermedad Aguda , AdultoRESUMEN
There are controversies regarding the impact of sex on mortality and postoperative complications in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), although some studies demonstrate comparable outcomes. This study sought to evaluate sex differences regarding risk factors associated with hospital mortality and postoperative clinical outcomes among patients undergoing isolated on-pump CABG. We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study of patients who underwent isolated on-pump CABG from January 1996 to January 2020. Patients were divided into two groups (male and female) and compared regarding preoperative characteristics, surgical technical variables, and in-hospital outcomes. All-cause mortality between groups was compared using logistic regression. Risk factors for mortality, along with their respective odds ratios (OR), were separately assessed using a logistic regression model with p-values for interaction. We analyzed 4,882 patients, of whom 31.6% were female. Women exhibited a higher prevalence of age >75 years (12.2% vs 8.3%, p<0.001), obesity (22.6% vs 11.5%, p<0.001), diabetes (41.6% vs 32.2%, p<0.001), hypertension (85.2% vs 73.5%, p<0.001), and NYHA functional classes 3 and 4 (16.2% vs 11.2%, p<0.001) compared to men. Use of the mammary artery for revascularization was less frequent among women (73.8% vs 79.9%, p<0.001), who also received fewer saphenous vein grafts (2.17 vs 2.27, p = 0.002). A history of previous or recent myocardial infarction (MI) had an impact on women's mortality, unlike in men (OR 1.61 vs 0.94, p = 0.014; OR 1.86 vs 0.99, p = 0.015, respectively). After adjusting for several risk factors, mortality was found to be comparable between men and women, with an OR of 1.20 (95% CI 0.94-1.53, p = 0.129). In conclusion, female patients undergoing isolated on-pump CABG presented with a higher number of comorbidities. Previous and recent MI were associated with higher mortality only in women. In this cohort analysis, female gender was not identified as an independent risk factor for outcome after CABG.
Asunto(s)
Puente de Arteria Coronaria , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/efectos adversos , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/etiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/mortalidad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Caracteres SexualesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids are commonly used to treat COVID-19 patients with hypoxemia, and clinicians have adjusted the corticosteroid intensity on the basis of clinical needs. However, neither the optimal dose nor the duration of treatment has been recommended. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether cumulative doses of corticosteroids, measured as dexamethasone-equivalent doses over the first 14 days, impact outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted between April 1st, 2020, and September 30th, 2021. The study focused on the type and dose of corticosteroid administered during the initial 14 days, clinical outcomes, and complications. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: Among 271 patients, the mean cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent dose was 158 (119.9-197.25) mg in survivors and 185 (131.7-222.0) mg in nonsurvivors. Univariate analysis revealed that the cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent dose was a risk factor for in-hospital mortality. However, this association did not hold true in the multivariate analysis. After the cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent dose was categorized into quartiles, the moderate dosage (126.01-165.00 mg) in the second quartile was found to be associated with the lowest in-hospital mortality (16.2%). Higher cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent doses were associated with longer hospital and ICU stays and fewer ventilator-free days (p < 0.001). Doses exceeding 165 mg were associated with an increased risk of hospital-acquired infections (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent dose during the first 14 days is not associated with in-hospital mortality in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients. However, higher cumulative doses exceeding 165 mg are associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and secondary hospital-acquired infections.
Asunto(s)
Corticoesteroides , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19 , COVID-19 , Dexametasona , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Hipoxia , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Dexametasona/administración & dosificación , Dexametasona/uso terapéutico , Dexametasona/efectos adversos , COVID-19/mortalidad , COVID-19/complicaciones , Corticoesteroides/administración & dosificación , Corticoesteroides/efectos adversos , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Hipoxia/tratamiento farmacológico , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificación , Resultado del Tratamiento , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Anciano de 80 o más AñosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Risk prediction models, such as The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score and the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II (EuroSCORE II), are recommended for assessing operative mortality in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, their performance is questionable in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To assess the performance of the STS score and EuroSCORE II in isolated CABG at a Brazilian reference center. METHODS: Observationaland prospective study including 438 patients undergoing isolated CABG from May 2022-May 2023 at the Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia. Observed mortality was compared with predicted mortality (STS score and EuroSCORE II) by discrimination (area under the curve [AUC]) and calibration (observed/expected ratio [O/E]) in the total sample and subgroups of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). RESULTS: Observed mortality was 4.3% (n=19) and estimated at 1.21% and 2.74% by STS and EuroSCORE II, respectively. STS (AUC=0.646; 95% confidence interva [CI] 0.760-0.532) and EuroSCORE II (AUC=0.697; 95% CI 0.802-0.593) presented poor discrimination. Calibration was absent for the North American mode (P<0.05) and reasonable for the European model (O/E=1.59, P=0.056). In the subgroups, EuroSCORE II had AUC of 0.616 (95% CI 0.752-0.480) and 0.826 (95% CI 0.991-0.661), while STS had AUC of 0.467 (95% CI 0.622-0.312) and 0.855 (95% CI 1.0-0.706) in ACS and CAD patients, respectively, demonstrating good score performance in stable patients. CONCLUSION: The predictive models did not perform optimally in the total sample, but the EuroSCORE was superior, especially in elective stable patients, where accuracy was satisfactory.
Asunto(s)
Puente de Arteria Coronaria , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Humanos , Puente de Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Brasil , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/cirugía , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/mortalidad , Factores de Riesgo , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/cirugía , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/mortalidad , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The role of the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) as a prognostic factor in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the GNRI on mortality outcomes in critically ill patients with AKI. METHODS: For this retrospective study, we included 12,058 patients who were diagnosed with AKI based on ICD-9 codes from the eICU Collaborative Research Database. Based on the values of GNRI, nutrition-related risks were categorized into four groups: major risk (GNRI < 82), moderate risk (82 ≤ GNRI < 92), low risk (92 ≤ GNRI < 98), and no risk (GNRI ≥ 98). Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between GNRI and outcomes. RESULTS: Patients with higher nutrition-related risk tended to be older, female, had lower blood pressure, lower body mass index, and more comorbidities. Multivariate analysis showed GNRI scores were associated with in-hospital mortality. (Major risk vs. No risk: OR, 95% CI: 1.90, 1.54-2.33, P < 0.001, P for trend < 0.001). Moreover, increased nutrition-related risk was negatively associated with the length of hospital stay (Coefficient: -0.033; P < 0.001) and the length of ICU stay (Coefficient: -0.108; P < 0.001). The association between GNRI scores and the risks of in-hospital mortality was consistent in all subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: GNRI serves as a significant nutrition assessment tool that is pivotal to predicting the prognosis of critically ill patients with AKI.
Asunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda , Enfermedad Crítica , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Evaluación Nutricional , Humanos , Femenino , Lesión Renal Aguda/mortalidad , Masculino , Enfermedad Crítica/mortalidad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Estado Nutricional , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Invasive Listeria monocytogenes infection is rare, but can lead to life-threatening complications among high-risk patients. Our aim was to assess characteristics and follow-up of adults hospitalized with invasive L. monocytogenes infection. METHODS: A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted at a national referral center between 2004 and 2019. Patients with proven invasive listeriosis, defined by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control criteria, were included. Data collection and follow-up were performed using the hospital electronic system, up until the last documented visit. The primary outcome was in-hospital all-cause mortality, secondary outcomes included residual neurological symptoms, brain abscess occurrence, and requirement for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. RESULTS: Altogether, 63 cases were identified (57.1% male, median age 58.8 ± 21.7 years), and 28/63 developed a complicated disease course (44.4%). At diagnosis, 38/63 (60.3%) presented with sepsis, 54/63 (85.7%) had central nervous system involvement, while 9/63 (14.3%) presented with isolated bacteremia. Frequent clinical symptoms included fever (53/63, 84.1%), altered mental state (49/63, 77.8%), with immunocompromised conditions apparent in 56/63 (88.9%). L. monocytogenes was isolated from blood (37/54, 68.5%) and cerebrospinal fluid (48/55, 87.3%), showing in vitro full susceptibility to ampicillin and meropenem (100% each), gentamicin (86.0%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (97.7%). In-hospital all-cause mortality was 17/63 (27.0%), and ICU admission was required in 28/63 (44.4%). At discharge, residual neurological deficits (11/46, 23.9%) and brain abscess formation (6/46, 13.0%) were common. CONCLUSION: Among hospitalized adult patients with comorbidities, invasive L. monocytogenes infections are associated with high mortality and neurological complications during follow-up.
Asunto(s)
Hospitalización , Listeria monocytogenes , Listeriosis , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Listeriosis/mortalidad , Listeriosis/microbiología , Listeriosis/epidemiología , Listeriosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Listeria monocytogenes/patogenicidad , Listeria monocytogenes/aislamiento & purificación , Listeria monocytogenes/efectos de los fármacos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anciano , Hungría/epidemiología , Adulto , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios de Seguimiento , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Bacteriemia/microbiología , Bacteriemia/mortalidad , Bacteriemia/epidemiología , Bacteriemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Sepsis/microbiología , Sepsis/mortalidad , Sepsis/epidemiología , Sepsis/tratamiento farmacológico , Mortalidad HospitalariaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cardiac etiologies arrest accounts for almost half of all in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), and previous studies have shown that the location of IHCA is an important factor affecting patient outcomes. The aim was to compare the characteristics, causes and outcomes of cardiovascular disease in patients suffering IHCA from different departments of Fuwai hospital in Beijing, China. METHODS: We included patients who were resuscitated after IHCA at Fuwai hospital between March 2017 and August 2022. We categorized the departments where cardiac arrest occurred as cardiac surgical or non-surgical units. Independent predictors of in-hospital survival were assessed by logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 119 patients with IHCA were analysed, 58 (48.7%) patients with cardiac arrest were in non-surgical units, and 61 (51.3%) were in cardiac surgical units. In non-surgical units, acute myocardial infarction/cardiogenic shock (48.3%) was the main cause of IHCA. Cardiac arrest in cardiac surgical units occurred mainly in patients who were planning or had undergone complex aortic replacement (32.8%). Shockable rhythms (ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia) were observed in approximately one-third of all initial rhythms in both units. Patients who suffered cardiac arrest in cardiac surgical units were more likely to return to spontaneous circulation (59.0% vs. 24.1%) and survive to hospital discharge (40.0% vs. 10.2%). On multivariable regression analysis, IHCA in cardiac surgical units (OR 5.39, 95% CI 1.90-15.26) and a shorter duration of resuscitation efforts (≤ 30 min) (OR 6.76, 95% CI 2.27-20.09) were associated with greater survival rate at discharge. CONCLUSION: IHCA occurring in cardiac surgical units and a duration of resuscitation efforts less than 30 min were associated with potentially increased rates of survival to discharge.
Asunto(s)
Reanimación Cardiopulmonar , Paro Cardíaco , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anciano , Paro Cardíaco/mortalidad , Paro Cardíaco/terapia , Paro Cardíaco/diagnóstico , Paro Cardíaco/epidemiología , Paro Cardíaco/etiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Tiempo , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Reanimación Cardiopulmonar/mortalidad , Medición de Riesgo , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Beijing/epidemiología , Servicio de Cardiología en Hospital , China/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
To verify if data obtained in the prehospital evaluation of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during the initial response to the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with clinical outcomes: mechanical ventilation, hospital discharge, and death. This is a retrospective analysis involving secondary data from the Emergency Medical Service (EMS) records and the Health Surveillance Information System of patients assisted by the EMS in Manaus, from January to June 2020, the period of the first peak of COVID-19 cases. The combination of the two databases yielded a total of 1.190 patients, who received a first EMS response and were later admitted to hospital with SARS and had data on clinical outcomes of interest available. Patients were predominantly male (754, 63.4%), with a median age of 66 (IQR: 54.0-78.0) years. SARS illness before medical assistance was associated to need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV, p < 0.001). Lower pre-hospital SpO2 was associated to death (p = 0.025). Death was more common among patients with respiratory support needs, especially in the invasive ventilation group (262/287; 91.3%) (p < 0.001). In addition, IMV was more common among elderly individuals (p < 0.001). Patients admitted to ICU had a greater chance of dying when compared to non-ICU admitted patients (p < 0.001), and closely related to IMV (p < 0.001). Patients in ICU were also older (p = 0.003) and had longer hospital stay (p < 0.001). Mortality was associated with mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001), ICU admission (p < 0.001), and older age (p < 0.001). Patients who died had a shorter length of both ICU and total hospital stay (p < 0.001). Prehospital EMS may provide feasible and early recognition of critical patients with SARS in strained healthcare systems, such as in low-resource settings and pandemics.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia , Respiración Artificial , Humanos , COVID-19/mortalidad , COVID-19/terapia , COVID-19/epidemiología , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Saturación de Oxígeno , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificación , Hospitalización , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave/terapia , Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave/mortalidad , Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Malnutrition is common in older patients with chronic heart failure (HF) and often accompanies a deterioration of their condition. The Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is used as an objective indicator to evaluate nutritional status, but relevant research in this area is limited. This study aimed to report the prevalence, clinical correlates, and outcomes of malnutrition in elder patients hospitalized with chronic HF. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 165 eligible patients admitted to the Department of Cardiology at Huadong Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022. Patients were categorized based on their CONUT score into three groups: normal nutrition status, mild risk of malnutrition, and moderate to severe risk of malnutrition. The study examined the nutritional status of this population and its relationship with clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Findings revealed that malnutrition affected 82% of the older patients, with 28% experiencing moderate to severe risk. Poor nutritional scores were significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay, increased in-hospital mortality and all-cause mortality during readmissions within one year (P < 0.05). The multivariable analysis indicated that moderate to severe malnutrition (CONUT score of 5-12) was significantly associated with a heightened risk of prolonged hospitalization (aOR: 9.17, 95%CI: 2.02-41.7). CONCLUSIONS: Malnutrition, as determined by the CONUT score, is a common issue among HF patients. Utilizing the CONUT score upon admission can effectively predict the potential for prolonged hospital stays.
Asunto(s)
Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Desnutrición , Estado Nutricional , Humanos , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/epidemiología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Estudios Retrospectivos , Desnutrición/epidemiología , Desnutrición/diagnóstico , Pronóstico , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Enfermedad Crónica , Evaluación Nutricional , Mortalidad Hospitalaria/tendencias , Hospitalización/tendencias , Tiempo de Internación/tendencias , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a rare, but debilitating, complication. However, contemporary data from real-world unselected patients are scarce. AIMS: We aimed to explore the temporal trends, outcomes and variables associated with AIS as well as in-hospital all-cause mortality in a nationwide cohort. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of healthcare records from 2006-2021 was implemented. Patients were stratified according to the occurrence of AIS in the setting of PCI. The temporal trends of AIS were analysed. A stepwise regression model was used to identify variables associated with AIS and in-hospital all-cause mortality. RESULTS: A total of 4,910,430 PCIs were included for the current analysis. AIS occurred in 4,098 cases (0.08%). An incremental increase in the incidence of AIS after PCI from 0.03% to 0.14% per year was observed from 2006-2021. The strongest associations with AIS after PCI included carotid artery disease, medical history of stroke, atrial fibrillation, presentation with an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) or non-STEMI and coronary thrombectomy. For patients with AIS, a higher in-hospital all-cause mortality (18.11% vs 3.29%; p<0.001) was documented. With regard to all-cause mortality, the strongest correlations in the stroke cohort were found for cardiogenic shock, dialysis and clinical presentation with a STEMI. CONCLUSIONS: In an unselected nationwide cohort of patients hospitalised for PCI, a gradual increase in AIS incidence was noted. We identified several variables associated with AIS as well as with in-hospital mortality. Hereby, clinicians might identify the patient population at risk for a peri-interventional AIS as well as those at risk for an adverse in-hospital outcome after PCI.
Asunto(s)
Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Humanos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/tendencias , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/mortalidad , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/mortalidad , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/epidemiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mortalidad Hospitalaria/tendencias , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Incidencia , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/mortalidad , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/terapia , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/cirugía , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Aortic dissection (AD) is a serious cardiovascular condition associated with high mortality rates. The systemic inflammatory response can influence the prognosis of AD, and in this context, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) emerges as a simple and rapid inflammatory biomarker. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 103 patients diagnosed with AD and treated in the emergency department between 2018 and 2023. Patient demographics, clinical features, and laboratory results were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for potential confounders such as age, mean systolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, hemoglobin, lactate values, and the presence of coronary artery disease. The ability of NLR to predict mortality was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS: The study population was divided into two groups: non-survivors (68% mortality rate) and survivors (32% survival rate). The non-survivor group had significantly higher NLR values compared to the survivor group (median NLR 7.66 vs. 2.5, p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified NLR as an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.42-3.82, p<0.001). ROC analysis for NLR demonstrated high discriminative power with an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.851 (95% CI 0.768-0.914). The determined cut-off point was >5.08 with a sensitivity of 77.14% and specificity of 81.82%. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that high NLR is strongly associated with increased mortality risk in patients with AD and can be used in emergency clinical settings to predict mortality.
Asunto(s)
Disección Aórtica , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Linfocitos , Neutrófilos , Humanos , Disección Aórtica/mortalidad , Disección Aórtica/sangre , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Pronóstico , Recuento de Linfocitos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Biomarcadores/sangre , Curva ROC , Recuento de LeucocitosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Patients with intracranial gunshot wounds (IC-GSWs) often present with severe neurological injuries requiring prompt neurological evaluation. Neurosurgical intervention is reserved for those with reasonable chances of survival. Handguns and long guns, such as shotguns and rifles, have differing mechanisms of injury which may influence surgical candidacy and outcomes. This study aims to compare rates and types of neurosurgical intervention and inpatient outcomes in patients with IC-GSWs handguns and long guns. METHODS: The National Trauma Data Bank was retrospectively queried for patients with IC-GSWs from 2017 to 2019. Patients with long gun IC-GSWs were propensity score matched with those with handgun IC-GSWs based on patient demographics, comorbidities, insurance status, injury extent and severity, and hospital trauma level. Group differences were compared using Student's t-tests and Pearson's χ2 tests, and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: Overall, patients in the long gun group were more likely to undergo neurosurgical intervention (21% vs 17%, P = .02). Following propensity score matching, the long gun group had lower rates of in-hospital mortality (35% vs 43%, P < .01), lower rates of cardiac arrest (5% vs 8%, P = .02), and lower rates of reoperation (0% vs 2%, P = .02) than the handgun group. In multivariable regression, independent predictors of survival included long gun IC-GSWs (odds ratio [OR] 0.65, CI 0.52-0.83), neurosurgical foreign body removal (OR 0.44, CI 0.33-0.58), intracranial debridement (OR 0.47, 0.33-0.67), and craniectomy (OR 0.46, CI 0.34-0.63). CONCLUSION: Patients with IC-GSWs present to the hospital with severe neurological injury. Neurosurgical intervention was independently associated with decreased mortality. After matching, patients with long gun IC-GSWs experienced lower in-hospital mortality rates compared with those from handguns. This study suggests that patients suffering from long gun IC-GSW may respond particularly well to neurosurgical intervention and firearm type should be considered when determining neurosurgical candidacy.
Asunto(s)
Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos , Puntaje de Propensión , Heridas por Arma de Fuego , Humanos , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/cirugía , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/mortalidad , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Armas de Fuego/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The implementation and clinical impact of machine learning-based early warning systems for patient deterioration in hospitals have not been well described. We sought to describe the implementation and evaluation of a multifaceted, real-time, machine learning-based early warning system for patient deterioration used in the general internal medicine (GIM) unit of an academic medical centre. METHODS: In this nonrandomized, controlled study, we evaluated the association between the implementation of a machine learning-based early warning system and clinical outcomes. We used propensity score-based overlap weighting to compare patients in the GIM unit during the intervention period (Nov. 1, 2020, to June 1, 2022) to those admitted during the pre-intervention period (Nov. 1, 2016, to June 1, 2020). In a difference-indifferences analysis, we compared patients in the GIM unit with those in the cardiology, respirology, and nephrology units who did not receive the intervention. We retrospectively calculated system predictions for each patient in the control cohorts, although alerts were sent to clinicians only during the intervention period for patients in GIM. The primary outcome was non-palliative in-hospital death. RESULTS: The study included 13 649 patient admissions in GIM and 8470 patient admissions in subspecialty units. Non-palliative deaths were significantly lower in the intervention period than the pre-intervention period among patients in GIM (1.6% v. 2.1%; adjusted relative risk [RR] 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55-1.00) but not in the subspecialty cohorts (1.9% v. 2.1%; adjusted RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.63-1.28). Among high-risk patients in GIM for whom the system triggered at least 1 alert, the proportion of non-palliative deaths was 7.1% in the intervention period, compared with 10.3% in the pre-intervention period (adjusted RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.46-1.02), with no meaningful difference in subspecialty cohorts (10.4% v. 10.6%; adjusted RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.60-1.59). In the difference-indifferences analysis, the adjusted relative risk reduction for non-palliative death in GIM was 0.79 (95% CI 0.50-1.24). INTERPRETATION: Implementing a machine learning-based early warning system in the GIM unit was associated with lower risk of non-palliative death than in the pre-intervention period. Machine learning-based early warning systems are promising technologies for improving clinical outcomes.
Asunto(s)
Deterioro Clínico , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Aprendizaje Automático , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Estudios Retrospectivos , Puntuación de Alerta Temprana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Puntaje de Propensión , Medicina InternaRESUMEN
AIMS: This study aims to compare the trends in the quality of hospital care for WHO's three disease groups pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic peak in Thailand. METHODS: The study utilized existing hospital admission data from the Thai Health Information Portal (THIP) database, covering the period from 2017 to 2022. We categorized WHO's three disease groups: poverty-related, noncommunicable, and injury groups using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 of initial admission of patients, and we analyzed three major outcomes: prolonged (≥ 90th percentile) length of stay (LOS), hospital mortality, and readmission pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic peak. Relative weight (RW) of hospital reimbursements was used as a surrogate measure of the severity of the diseases. RESULTS: The average prolonged LOS of patients with poverty disease pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic peak were 7.1%, 10.8%, 9.05%, respectively. Respective hospital mortality rates were 5.02%, 6.22%, 6.05% and readmission were 6.98/1,000, 6.16/1,000, 5.43/1,000, respectively. For non-communicable diseases, the respective proportions in the prolonged LOS were 9.0%, 9.12%, and 7.58%, with respective hospital mortality being 10.65%, 8.86%, 6.62%, and readmissions were 17.79/1,000, 13.94/1,000, 13.19/1,000, respectively. The respective prolonged LOS for injuries were 8.75%, 8.55%, 8.25%. Meanwhile, respective hospital mortality were 4.95%, 4.05%, 3.20%, and readmissions were 1.99/1,000, 1.60/1,000, 1.48/1,000, respectively. The RW analysis reveals diverse impacts on resource utilization and costs. Most poverty-related and noncommunicable diseases indicate increased resource requirements and associated costs, except for HIV/AIDS and diabetes mellitus, showing mixed trends. In injuries, road traffic accidents consistently decrease resource needs and costs, but suicide cases show mixed trends. CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 had a more serious impact, especially prolonged LOS and hospital mortality for poverty-related diseases more than noncommunicable diseases and injuries.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Tiempo de Internación , Enfermedades no Transmisibles , Readmisión del Paciente , Pobreza , Humanos , COVID-19/mortalidad , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/economía , Tailandia/epidemiología , Enfermedades no Transmisibles/mortalidad , Enfermedades no Transmisibles/epidemiología , Enfermedades no Transmisibles/economía , Readmisión del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Mortalidad Hospitalaria/tendencias , Masculino , Femenino , Heridas y Lesiones/mortalidad , Heridas y Lesiones/economía , Heridas y Lesiones/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Anciano , SARS-CoV-2 , PandemiasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Fournier's gangrene is a severe form of infectious necrotizing fasciitis affecting the perineum, perianal, and genital areas; it is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Hence, it is important to identify prognostic factors that can predict clinical outcomes and guide treatment strategies. Thus, our study aimed to analyze patient characteristics and determine prognostic factors affecting clinical outcomes in Fournier's gangrene. METHODS: This retrospective study involved examining medical records spanning 18 years for patients with Fournier's gangrene at our institution. Considering the exclusion criteria, data from 35 patients were included in this study. RESULTS: A total of 35 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age of the patients showed no statistically significant difference between the survivor and non-survivor groups. The Charlson Comorbidity Index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score were not significantly different between the two groups. Notably, the initial Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score was significantly higher in the non-survivor group than that in the survivor group. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 17.1%. Moreover, the prevalence of multidrug resistant bacterial infection was markedly higher in the non-survivor group than that in the survivor group. Coagulation dysfunction was significantly more prevalent in the non-survivor group than that in the survivor group, and had the most significant impact on in-hospital mortality. A multivariable logistic regression analysis identified multidrug resistant bacterial infection to be independently associated with high in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Coagulation dysfunction and multidrug resistant bacterial infection were identified as independent negative prognostic factors, highlighting the need for prompt monitoring and proactive strategies against Fournier's gangrene.
Asunto(s)
Gangrena de Fournier , Humanos , Gangrena de Fournier/mortalidad , Gangrena de Fournier/patología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Femenino , Pronóstico , Anciano , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Resultado del Tratamiento , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana MúltipleRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a dependable indicator of insulin resistance, has been identified as a valid marker regarding multiple cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, the correlation of TyG index with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMICS) remains uncertain. Our study aims for elucidating this relationship by comprehensively analyzing two large-scale cohorts. METHODS: Utilizing records from the eICU Collaborative Research Database and the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV, the link between TyG and the incidence and prognosis of AMICS was assessed multicentrally and retrospectively by logistic and correlation models, as well as restricted cubic spline (RCS). Propensity score matching (PSM), inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), and overlap weighting (OW) were employed to balance the potential confounders. Subgroup analyses were performed according to potential modifiers. RESULTS: Overall, 5208 AMI patients, consisting of 375 developing CS were finally included. The TyG index exhibited an apparently higher level in AMI populations developing CS than in those who did not experienced CS [9.2 (8.8-9.7) vs. 9.0 (8.5-9.5)], with a moderate discrimination ability to recognize AMICS from the general AMI (AUC: 0.604). Logistic analyses showed that the TyG index was significantly correlated with in-hospital and ICU mortality. RCS analysis demonstrated a linear link between elevated TyG and increased risks regarding in-hospital and ICU mortality in the AMICS population. An increased mortality risk remains evident in PSM-, OW- and IPTW-adjusted populations with higher TyG index who have undergone CS. Correlation analyses demonstrated an apparent link between TyG index and APS score. Subgroup analyses presented a stable link between elevated TyG and mortality particularly in older age, females, those who are overweight or hypertensive, as well as those without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated TyG index was related to the incidence of CS following AMI and higher mortality risks in the population with AMICS. Our findings pointed a previously undisclosed role of TyG index in regard to AMICS that still requires further validation.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores , Glucemia , Bases de Datos Factuales , Infarto del Miocardio , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Choque Cardiogénico , Triglicéridos , Humanos , Choque Cardiogénico/diagnóstico , Choque Cardiogénico/mortalidad , Choque Cardiogénico/sangre , Choque Cardiogénico/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Infarto del Miocardio/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio/mortalidad , Infarto del Miocardio/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Estudios Retrospectivos , Glucemia/metabolismo , Pronóstico , Biomarcadores/sangre , Medición de Riesgo , Triglicéridos/sangre , Incidencia , Factores de Riesgo , China/epidemiología , Factores de Tiempo , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Anciano de 80 o más AñosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The proportion of very elderly patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is expected to rise. Furthermore, patients are likely more prone to suffer a cardiac arrest (CA) event within the ICU. The occurrence of intensive care unit cardiac arrest (ICU-CA) is associated with high mortality. To date, the incidence of ICU-CA and its clinical impact on outcome in the very old (≥ 90 years) patients treated is unknown. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of all consecutive critically ill patients ≥ 90 years admitted to the ICU of a tertiary care university hospital in Hamburg (Germany). All patients suffering ICU-CA were included and CA characteristics and functional outcome was assessed. Clinical course and outcome were assessed and compared between the subgroups of patients with and without ICU-CA. RESULTS: 1,108 critically ill patients aged ≥ 90 years were admitted during the study period. The median age was 92.3 (91.0-94.2) years and 67% (n = 747) were female. 2% (n = 25) of this cohort suffered ICU-CA after a median duration 0.5 (0.2-3.2) days of ICU admission. The presumed cause of ICU-CA was cardiac in 64% (n = 16). The median resuscitation time was 10 (2-15) minutes and the initial rhythm was shockable in 20% (n = 5). Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) could be achieved in 68% (n = 17). The cause of ICU admission was primarily medical in the total cohort (ICU-CA: 48% vs. No ICU-CA: 34%, p = 0.13), surgical - planned (ICU-CA: 32% vs. No ICU-CA: 37%, p = 0.61) and surgical - unplanned/emergency (ICU-CA: 43% vs. No ICU-CA: 28%, p = 0.34). The median Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was 2 (1-3) points for patients with ICU-CA and 1 (0-2) for patients without ICU-CA (p = 0.54). Patients with ICU-CA had a higher disease severity according to SAPS II (ICU-CA: 54 vs. No ICU-CA: 36 points, p < 0.001). Patients with ICU-CA had a higher rate of mechanically ventilation (ICU-CA: 64% vs. No ICU-CA: 34%, p < 0.01) and required vasopressor therapy more often (ICU-CA: 88% vs. No ICU-CA: 41%, p < 0.001). The ICU and in-hospital mortality was 88% (n = 22) and 100% (n = 25) in patients with ICU-CA compared to 17% (n = 179) and 28% (n = 306) in patients without ICU-CA. The mortality rate for patients with ICU-CA was observed to be 88% (n = 22) in the ICU and 100% (n = 25) in-hospital. In contrast, patients without ICU-CA had an in-ICU mortality rate of 17% (n = 179) and an in-hospital mortality rate of 28% (n = 306) (both p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of ICU-CA in very elderly patients is rare but associated with high mortality. Providing CPR in this cohort did not lead to long-term survival at our centre. Very elderly patients admitted to the ICU likely benefit from supportive care only and should probably not be resuscitated due to poor chance of survival and ethical considerations. Providing personalized assurances that care will remain appropriate and in accordance with the patient's and family's wishes can optimise compassionate care while avoiding futile life-sustaining interventions.