RESUMEN
The immunoprotective effect of Panax ginseng (Pg) extract was investigated in a mouse mastitis model. Lactating female mice were intramammarily inoculated with Pg or placebo, and then were challenged with S. aureus, while other group was inoculated with S. aureus alone. The number of bacteria recovered from mammary glands was significantly lower in Pg-treated S. aureus-infected mice (group I) compared with placebo-treated S. aureus-infected mice (group II) and S. aureus-infected mice (group III). The mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR4, IL-1α and TNF-α was influenced by treatment; being the transcript levels for all genes higher in group I compared with group II and III. Activation of NF-κB and the number of monocytes-macrophages in mammary gland tissue was significantly increased in group I compared with group II and III. Pg extract was able to trigger an adequate immune response to confront an infection demonstrating its protective effect and potential for preventing bovine intramammary infections.
Asunto(s)
Glándulas Mamarias Animales/inmunología , Mastitis Bovina/inmunología , Panax/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Sustancias Protectoras/farmacología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/veterinaria , Staphylococcus aureus/fisiología , Animales , Bovinos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Lactancia , Mastitis Bovina/microbiología , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Monocinas/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/administración & dosificación , Sustancias Protectoras/administración & dosificación , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/inmunología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/microbiología , Receptores Toll-Like/metabolismoRESUMEN
Diverse conditions for stimulating human mononuclear cells to release thymocyte costimulatory factors were tested for their contribution to the generation of supernatants high titers of these monokines. Activity titers increased with LPS concentration, reaching a plateau between 1 and 10 microng/ml. Indomethacin did not modify the monokine, but the assay for thymocyte costimulatory activity was substantially affected by inhibitory substances produced by the monocytes in the absence of indomethacin. The use of nylon wool columns to trap the cells was shown to be effective in raising cellular densities without decreasing activity titers. As result, the yield per cell could be maintained even in the absence of serum, an important step toward the goal of purifiying bioactive from crude broths