RESUMEN
Objetivou-se neste estudo determinar a prevalência de vermes pulmonares em ruminantes do semiárido, nordeste do Brasil. Amostras fecais (n=429), de bovinos (n=219), caprinos (n=122) e ovinos (n=88) foram coletadas e laboratorialmente analisadas pela técnica de Baermann. Larvas de Protostrongylus sp. foram detectadas em 8,19% (10/122) dos caprinos. Elas apresentaram o comprimento médio de 351µm (±29,06µm) e largura média de 19µm (±1,46µm). Todos os animais positivos eram mantidos em sistema de criação semi-intensivo e não apresentavam sinais clínicos sugestivos da infecção por nematódeos pulmonares. Bovinos e ovinos foram negativos. Este estudo fornece dados sobre a infecção por parasitos pulmonares em caprinos de uma importante área de criação de pequenos ruminantes no Nordeste do Brasil, onde informações sobre esses parasitos são quase inexistentes. Apesar da ausência de sinais clínicos nos animais deste estudo, medidas sanitárias são preconizadas para prevenir a infecção por esses nematódeos e reduzir o impacto econômico que eles podem causar na produção pecuária.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Cabras/parasitología , Infecciones por Strongylida/epidemiología , Pulmón/parasitología , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades de las Ovejas/parasitología , Enfermedades de los Bovinos/parasitologíaRESUMEN
A 4-month-old intact male domestic shorthair kitten living in St Kitts, West Indies presented with respiratory distress, cachexia, and mucopurulent nasal discharge. Thoracic radiographs revealed a diaphragmatic hernia. The diaphragmatic hernia as well as subpleural pulmonary nodules suspicious for verminous pneumonia were identified during a postmortem examination. Histology showed multifocal to coalescing pyogranulomatous and eosinophilic pneumonia centered on larvae and morulated eggs. The lesion and nematode morphology were consistent with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. Although Aelurostrongylus abstrusus has been reported worldwide, this is the first report of a metastrongyloid lungworm in cats in St. Kitts and for the West Indies. This case report should increase the awareness of A. abstrusus pneumonia in cats from St. Kitts and other locations in the eastern Caribbean.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/diagnóstico , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/parasitología , Gatos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Heces/parasitología , Larva , Masculino , Metastrongyloidea/crecimiento & desarrollo , Óvulo , San Kitts y Nevis , Infecciones por Strongylida/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Several metastrongyloid lungworms are unreported pathogens in Colombia. Angiostrongylus vasorum and Crenosoma vulpis target the cardiopulmonary system of domestic and wild canids. Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior infect felids and considering that six wild felid species exist in Colombia, knowledge of feline lungworm infections is important for their conservation. The zoonotic metastrongyloids Angiostrongylus costaricensis and Angiostrongylus cantonensis can cause severe gastrointestinal and neurological diseases. Angiostrongylus costaricensis has been reported in Colombia, while Ang. cantonensis is present in neighbouring countries. Research on the epidemiology of metastrongyloids in Colombia and South America more broadly requires evaluating the role that gastropods play as intermediate hosts in their life cycles. This study assessed the prevalence of metastrongyloid larvae in populations of the invasive giant African snail, Lissachatina fulica, in Colombia. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 609 Lissachantina fulica were collected from 6 Colombian municipalities. The snails were then cryo-euthanized, artificially digested and the sediments examined microscopically for the presence of metastrongyloid larvae. Based on morphological characteristics 53.3% (56/107) of the snails from Puerto Leguízamo (Department of Putumayo) were infected with Ael. abstrusus larvae, 8.4% (9/107) with Ang. vasorum larvae, 6.5% (7/107) with T. brevior larvae and 5.6% (6/107) with C. vulpis larvae, being the region with highest prevalences of the four species. Snails from Andes (Department of Antioquia) and Tulúa (Department of Valle del Cauca) were positive for Ang. vasorum larvae with a prevalence of 4.6 (11/238) and 6.3% (4/64), respectively. Species identifications were confirmed by PCR and sequencing. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This epidemiological survey reports for first time the presence of Ael. abstrusus, T. brevior, C. vulpis and Ang. vasorum in L. fulica in a number of regions of Colombia.
Asunto(s)
Metastrongyloidea/clasificación , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Caracoles/parasitología , Animales , Colombia , Larva/clasificaciónRESUMEN
The gastropod-borne nematodes Angiostrongylus vasorum and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus are global causes of cardio/pulmonary diseases in dogs and cats. In the last decade, the number of reports on canine and feline lungworms has increased in several areas of Europe and North America. The unspecific clinical signs and prolonged course of these diseases often renders diagnosis challenging. Both infections are considered as emerging and underestimated causes of disease in domestic pets. In South America, little information is available on these diseases, apart from occasional reports proving the principle presence of A. vasorum and A. abstrusus. Thus, the purpose of this review is to summarize reports on infections in both domestic and wildlife animals in South America and to increase the awareness on gastropod-borne metastrongyloid parasites, which also include important zoonotic species, such as A. cantonensis and A. costaricensis. This review highlights the usefulness of diagnostic tools, such as the Baermann funnel technique, serology and PCR, and proposes to include these routinely on cases with clinical suspicion for lungworm infections. Future national epidemiological surveys are recommended to be conducted to gain a deeper insight into the actual epidemiological situation of gastropod-borne parasitoses in South America.
Asunto(s)
Animales Domésticos , Animales Salvajes , Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes/veterinaria , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades Desatendidas/veterinaria , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes/epidemiología , Enfermedades Desatendidas/epidemiología , América del Sur/epidemiología , Infecciones por Strongylida/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The narrow Andean-Patagonian temperate rainforest strip in the west of southern South America is inhabited by two endemic species of cervids, the southern pudu (Pudu puda) and the huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus), both cataloged as near threatened and threatened species, respectively. One of the possible causes of their declined number is the susceptibility to livestock diseases. Significant zooarchaeological records of both deer have been found throughout the Holocene from Patagonia. The present contribution reports the first paleoparasitological results obtained from coprolites of endemic deer from the archeological site "Cueva Parque Diana," Neuquén Province, Argentina, and discusses the possible diseases found in ancient times. Thirty-four coprolites were fully processed, rehydrated, homogenized, sieved, subjected to spontaneous sedimentation, and examined by light microscopy. Thirty samples contained parasite remains. The presence of diverse parasitic diseases such as trematodioses, metastrongylosis, trichuriosis, strongylida gastroenteritis, dioctophymosis, and coccidiosis which could cause diseases in deer previous to the arrival of European livestock and the presence of zoonotic diseases in the hunters-gatherers and fishermen are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Coccidios/aislamiento & purificación , Ciervos/parasitología , Dioctophymatoidea/aislamiento & purificación , Fósiles/parasitología , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Trichuris/aislamiento & purificación , Animales , Argentina , Coccidiosis/parasitología , Especies en Peligro de Extinción , Infecciones por Enoplida/parasitología , Heces/parasitología , Paleopatología , Bosque Lluvioso , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitología , Tricuriasis/parasitologíaRESUMEN
The giant African snail Achatina fulica is an invasive mollusk native to Africa, the first record in Argentina was in Puerto Iguazú, in northeastern Argentina in 2010. Recently it was reported in Corrientes Province. This snail can act as an intermediate host of Metastrongyloidea nematodes of importance in public health as: Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Angiostrongylus costaricensis and Angiostrongylus vasorum. Taking into account the presence of A. fulica in Argentina, the objectives of this study is to assess the presence of Metastrongyloidea nematodes in this mollusk species in Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, close to the international border with Brazil and Paraguay. A total of 451 samples were collected from February 2014 to November 2015. The snails were processed using a digestion technique to recover the parasites. A total of 206 nematodes larvae were founded in the digestion solution of 10 hosts (P=2%; MA=0.5; MI=21). Third larval stage (L3) nematodes identified as Aelurostrongylus abstrusus were founded parasitizing the snails. No other larval stage was observed. This species has veterinary importance because it causes 'aelurostrongilosis', also known as feline strongyloidosis. This study constitutes the first record of a Metastrongyloidea nematode in A. fulica in Argentina and also highlights the susceptibility of this mollusk as intermediate host of other helminthes of health importance. The present study suggests that there is a need to establish an epidemiological monitoring system in order to prevent the possible installation of an infected mollusks focus.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/parasitología , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Caracoles/parasitología , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Animales , Argentina/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Gatos/epidemiología , Gatos , Reservorios de Enfermedades , Especies Introducidas , Larva , Salud Pública , Infecciones por Strongylida/epidemiología , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitologíaRESUMEN
Nematode parasites of the cardiopulmonary system of livestock and pet animals have been receiving attention due to the pathogenic effects they produce in the course of the infection. However, parasitism in wild animals by metastrongilid nematodes has been neglected, resulting in potential risk to wildlife. Heterostrongylus heterostrongylus is the etiological agent of bronchial pneumonia in the black-eared opossum, Didelphis aurita, a widely distributed marsupial frequently reported to inhabit areas from wild environments to peri-urban spaces. In this study, we reassessed the taxonomy of H. heterostrongylus, describing and comparing morphology of L1 and L3 larvae and adult worms with closely related angiostrongilids, and inferring phylogenetic affinities within the family Angiostrongylidae; we also detailed histopathological reactions under natural infection. Ultrastructural morphology and light microscopy confirmed cephalic structures with well-developed trilobed lips, patterns of caudal bursa rays, spicules shape, terminal anal aperture and presence of the ventral protuberance in L3 larvae, characteristics present for the family Angiostrongylidae. Our molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on the partial small subunit (SSU) 18S rRNA gene, suggested that H. heterostrongylus and Didelphostrongylus hayesi are closely related. Pathological analyses agreed with previous findings, showing that cardiopulmonary parasitism provokes verminous pneumonia and mucous bronchiolitis with hypertrophy of the smooth bronchiolar muscle. These data confirmed that H. heterostrongylus represents a pulmonary pathogen in D. aurita, produces severe pathological effects, and may represent risk to domestic and wild animals.
Asunto(s)
Didelphis/parasitología , Metastrongyloidea/clasificación , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Animales , ADN de Helmintos/química , ADN de Helmintos/genética , ADN Ribosómico/química , ADN Ribosómico/genética , Femenino , Pulmón/parasitología , Pulmón/patología , Masculino , Metastrongyloidea/genética , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Metastrongyloidea/ultraestructura , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo/veterinaria , Filogenia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , América del Sur , Infecciones por Strongylida/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitologíaRESUMEN
Pulmonary metastrongylosis, a zoonotic disease found primarily in pigs, is caused by eight different species of the cosmopolitan nematode Metastrongylus genus. To date, only four human cases have been reported, all from Europe. Herein, a severe case of pulmonary infection caused by Metastrongylus salmi in an Ecuadorian man, with successful treatment with ivermectin, is described.
Asunto(s)
Neumonía/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Strongylida/diagnóstico , Animales , Antiparasitarios/uso terapéutico , Ecuador , Humanos , Ivermectina/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Metastrongyloidea/ultraestructura , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neumonía/tratamiento farmacológico , Esputo/parasitología , Infecciones por Strongylida/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The parasitic fauna of cetaceans is an important tool for ecological studies, including analyses on the causes of death. Halocercus brasiliensis is a nematode frequently found in the bronchi and bronchioles of some cetaceans, and it is commonly associated with focal inflammation of the respiratory tract leading to bacterial pneumonia and septicemia and, sometimes, to death. The objective of this study was to report infections by H. brasiliensis in the respiratory tract of Delphinidae stranded on the northern seaside of Bahia, Sergipe, and south of Alagoas, all states in the northeast region of Brazil. A total of 30 individuals, 1 Feresa attenuate (pygmy killer whale), 9 Stenella clymene (Clymene dolphin), and 20 Sotalia guianensis (Guiana dolphin) were studied. In 16 of them, the presence of H. brasiliensis was observed with a mean intensity of 3.5 ± 0.6 (range 1-9) in the hosts. Macroscopically, parasitic calcified nodules, lung congestion, edema, and emphysema were observed. Histopathological examination showed interstitial and granulomatous pneumonia with multifocal infiltrates, discrete to moderate edema, congestion, diffuse hemorrhage, and foci of calcification. We conclude that parasitic pneumonia in the sampled individuals may have directly contributed to stranding and death of the animals.
Asunto(s)
Delfines/parasitología , Enfermedades Pulmonares Parasitarias/veterinaria , Pulmón/patología , Metastrongyloidea/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Animales , Brasil , Calcinosis/parasitología , Calcinosis/patología , Calcinosis/veterinaria , Femenino , Pulmón/parasitología , Enfermedades Pulmonares Parasitarias/epidemiología , Enfermedades Pulmonares Parasitarias/patología , Masculino , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Prevalencia , Infecciones por Strongylida/epidemiología , Infecciones por Strongylida/patologíaRESUMEN
Gurltia paralysans is a rare metastrongylid nematode of domestic cats that is found mainly in the veins of the spinal cord subarachnoid space and parenchyma. Endemic regions for G. paralysans mainly include Chile and Argentina. The ante mortem diagnosis of gurltiosis is difficult and based primarily on neurological signs, epidemiological factors, and the exclusion of other causes of feline myelopathies. The purpose of this retrospective case series was to describe clinical, imaging, and pathologic characteristics in nine domestic cats naturally infected with G. paralysans. Imaging tests included radiography, myelography, computed tomographic myelography (myelo-CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Neurological signs included paraparesis, paraplegia, pelvic limb ataxia and proprioceptive deficits, pelvic limb tremors, lumbosacral hyperesthesia, and tail trembling or atony. Complete blood count findings included a decrease in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration value in eight cats. Eosinophilia in peripheral blood was observed in three cats, and thrombocytopenia was observed in three cats. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed mononuclear pleocytosis in five cases. Myelo-CT showed diffuse enlargement of the spinal cord at the midthoracic, lumbar, and sacral regions in all cats. Magnetic resonance image findings in the thoracic and lumbar region demonstrated multiple small nodular areas of T2 hyperintensity in the periphery of the spinal cord parenchyma. Localized intraparenchymal areas of increased T2 intensity were also observed in the thoracolumbar spinal cord and lumbosacral conus medullaris. In conclusion, G. paralysans should be considered as a differential diagnosis for domestic cats in endemic regions that have this combination of clinical and imaging characteristics.
Asunto(s)
Recuento de Células Sanguíneas/métodos , Enfermedades de los Gatos/diagnóstico , Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/parasitología , Diagnóstico por Imagen/métodos , Heces/parasitología , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Animales , Recuento de Células Sanguíneas/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Gatos/parasitología , Gatos , Chile , Diagnóstico por Imagen/veterinaria , Femenino , Masculino , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Estudios Retrospectivos , Infecciones por Strongylida/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitologíaRESUMEN
This study aimed to identify the species of helminths infecting the respiratory tract of Sus scrofa scrofa from commercial breeding and check the existence of a possible antagonistic relationship of these species with Ascaris suum. Forty wild boars were analyzed, and the genus Metastrongylus was recorded in the bronchi and bronchioles of 60 % of these, with the occurrence of the species Metastrongylus apri, Metastrongylus salmi, and Metastrongylus pudendotectus. The highest prevalence found was in M. apri (52.5 %), followed by M. salmi (20 %), and M. pudendotectus (7.5 %), registering the highest prevalence of Metastrongylus in wild boars from commercial breeding so far. M. apri was first reported parasitizing wild boars bred in captivity. There was no observed significant influence of A. suum in the mean intensity of Metastrongylus.
Asunto(s)
Ascariasis/epidemiología , Interacciones Microbianas , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/veterinaria , Infecciones por Strongylida/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/epidemiología , Animales , Ascariasis/parasitología , Ascaris suum/aislamiento & purificación , Brasil , Metastrongyloidea/clasificación , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/epidemiología , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/parasitología , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitología , Sus scrofa , Porcinos , Enfermedades de los Porcinos/parasitologíaRESUMEN
This study describes Crenosoma brasiliense (Nematoda, Metastrongyloidea), a new species parasitic in bronchi and bronchioles of Galictis cuja (Molina) (Carnivora, Mustelidae) from Brazil. This species differs from other 11 species of Crenosoma by having a cuticular projection at the distal end of the spicules, forming a prominent blade at the tip of the spicule, a vulval cuticular appendage with a triangular shape and prominent vulval lips. There are no previous records of species of Metastrongyloidea in G. cuja or species of Crenosoma in South America. Therefore, the new species represents the first host record and first geographical record of species of Crenosoma in South America.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Cestodos/veterinaria , Metastrongyloidea/clasificación , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Mustelidae/parasitología , Animales , Brasil/epidemiología , Bronquios/parasitología , Infecciones por Cestodos/epidemiología , Infecciones por Cestodos/parasitología , Femenino , Enfermedades Pulmonares/parasitología , Enfermedades Pulmonares/veterinaria , Masculino , Metastrongyloidea/anatomía & histología , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Introducción. Las enfermedades producidas por helmintos están ampliamente distribuidas en el mundo y muchas de ellas se consideran zoonosis. Los animales de compañía cumplen un papel trascendental en la transmisión a los humanos. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de helmintos intestinales en gatos del departamento del Quindío. Materiales y métodos. Se estudiaron 121 gatos domésticos del departamento del Quindío, de los cuales se registraron los datos de sexo, edad y condición corporal. Se recolectaron heces y se procesaron mediante las técnicas de Ritchie modificada y de Kato-Katz. Resultados. De los 121 gatos, 42,14 % (IC95%: 33,35-50,94) y 45,45 % (IC95%: 36,58-54,32) resultaron parasitados con alguna especie de helminto adulto según la presencia de huevos en sus heces, mediante las técnicas de Ritchie y de Kato-Katz, respectivamente. Toxocara cati fue el parásito más prevalente(Ritchie: 37,2 %; Kato-Katz: 43 %), seguido por Ancylostoma spp. (Ritchie: 7,43 %; Kato-Katz: 5,78 %) y Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Ritchie: 0,82 %). Sesenta y cinco (53,71 %) gatos eran hembras y 56 (46,28 %) eran machos; la prevalencia de infección fue similar en ambos sexos. Los felinos mayores de 4 años de edad presentaron mayor prevalencia de parásitos (81,8 %), seguidos por los de 1 a 4 años (48,8 %) y, por último, por los menores de un año (28,6 %). Se encontró una buena condición corporal en 77,68 % y este grupo presentó menor frecuencia de helmintos intestinales. Conclusión. La prevalencia de helmintos intestinales en gatos domésticos del departamento del Quindío fue de 43,8 %, lo que hace necesario establecer programas de vigilancia y prevención en la población humana y felina.
Introduction. Diseases caused by helminths are widely distributed in the world and many of them are considered zoonoses in which pets play a major role in transmission to humans. Objective. The prevalence of intestinal helminths was determined in cats in Quindío Province. Materials and methods. One hundred twenty-one cats were characterized --data recorded included sex, age and body condition. Fecal samples were collected and processed using the modified Ritchie and modified Kato-Katz techniques to determine the presence of intestinal helminths. Results. Of the 121 cats, 42.1%, (95% CI: 33.4-50.9) and 45.5% (95% CI: 36.6-54.3) were parasitized with at least one adult helminth species as evidenced by the presence of eggs in their fecal samples. Toxocara cati was the most prevalent parasite (Ritchie: 37.2%, Kato-Katz: 43%), followed by Ancylostoma spp. (Ritchie: 7.4%, Kato-Katz: 5.8%) and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Ritchie: 0.82%). Sixty-five cats (53.7%) were females and 56 (46.3%) males; the prevalence of infection was similar in both sexes. Cats older than 4 years had the highest prevalence (81.8%) followed by those aged 1 to 4 years (48.8%) and by those under 1 year (28.6%). The majority of cats, 77.7%, were found to be in good body condition and this group had the lowest frequency of intestinal helminths with both techniques. Conclusion. The prevalence of intestinal helminths in domestic cats in Quindío was 43.8%; it is necessary to establish surveillance and prevention programs in the human and feline populations.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Gatos , Femenino , Masculino , Enfermedades de los Gatos/epidemiología , Helmintiasis Animal/epidemiología , Parasitosis Intestinales/veterinaria , Mascotas/parasitología , Factores de Edad , Anquilostomiasis/epidemiología , Anquilostomiasis/parasitología , Anquilostomiasis/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Gatos/parasitología , Colombia/epidemiología , Reservorios de Enfermedades , Heces/parasitología , Helmintiasis Animal/parasitología , Parasitosis Intestinales/epidemiología , Parasitosis Intestinales/parasitología , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Muestreo , Infecciones por Strongylida/epidemiología , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitología , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Toxocariasis/epidemiología , Toxocariasis/parasitologíaRESUMEN
Dorsal-spined protostrongylid nematode larvae (Metastrongyloidea: Protostrongylidae) were recovered from the feces of the endangered pampas deer (Ozotocerus bezoarticus celer) in Campos del Tuyú Wildlife Reserve, Bahia Samborombón, Argentina. Partial DNA sequences from the large subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU rRNA) gene and from the second internal transcribed spacer region (ITS2) were amplified, cloned, sequenced, and compared to those of other nematodes. Nucleotide alignment and phylogenetic analysis of the sequences indicate that this protostrongylid nematode is most closely related to Parelaphostrongylus spp. as inferred from the LSU rRNA sequence analysis. Analysis of the ITS2 spacer indicated that the pampas deer protostrongylid is nested in a clade containing Parelaphostrongylus and Elaphostrongylus spp. These sequences differed considerably from those of other protostrongylid nematodes, and were most similar to those of Parelaphostrongylus spp. and Elaphostrongylus spp. in spite of clear variability from both genera. These results suggest that the protostrongylid from pampas deer is an undescribed nematode that likely belongs in the subfamily Elaphostrongylinae.
Asunto(s)
Ciervos/parasitología , Metastrongyloidea/genética , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Animales , Animales Salvajes/parasitología , Argentina/epidemiología , ADN de Helmintos/genética , ADN Mitocondrial/genética , ADN Espaciador Ribosómico/genética , Especies en Peligro de Extinción , Heces/parasitología , Femenino , Masculino , Metastrongyloidea/clasificación , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/veterinaria , Alineación de Secuencia/veterinaria , Infecciones por Strongylida/epidemiología , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitologíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Diseases caused by helminths are widely distributed in the world and many of them are considered zoonoses in which pets play a major role in transmission to humans. OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of intestinal helminths was determined in cats in Quindío Province. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-one cats were characterized --data recorded included sex, age and body condition. Fecal samples were collected and processed using the modified Ritchie and modified Kato-Katz techniques to determine the presence of intestinal helminths. RESULTS: Of the 121 cats, 42.1%, (95% CI: 33.4-50.9) and 45.5% (95% CI: 36.6-54.3) were parasitized with at least one adult helminth species as evidenced by the presence of eggs in their fecal samples. Toxocara cati was the most prevalent parasite (Ritchie: 37.2%, Kato-Katz: 43%), followed by Ancylostoma spp. (Ritchie: 7.4%, Kato-Katz: 5.8%) and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Ritchie: 0.82%). Sixty-five cats (53.7%) were females and 56 (46.3%) males; the prevalence of infection was similar in both sexes. Cats older than 4 years had the highest prevalence (81.8%) followed by those aged 1 to 4 years (48.8%) and by those under 1 year (28.6%). The majority of cats, 77.7%, were found to be in good body condition and this group had the lowest frequency of intestinal helminths with both techniques. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of intestinal helminths in domestic cats in Quindío was 43.8%; it is necessary to establish surveillance and prevention programs in the human and feline populations.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/epidemiología , Helmintiasis Animal/epidemiología , Parasitosis Intestinales/veterinaria , Mascotas/parasitología , Factores de Edad , Anquilostomiasis/epidemiología , Anquilostomiasis/parasitología , Anquilostomiasis/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/parasitología , Gatos/parasitología , Colombia/epidemiología , Reservorios de Enfermedades , Heces/parasitología , Femenino , Helmintiasis Animal/parasitología , Parasitosis Intestinales/epidemiología , Parasitosis Intestinales/parasitología , Masculino , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Muestreo , Infecciones por Strongylida/epidemiología , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitología , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Toxocariasis/epidemiología , Toxocariasis/parasitologíaRESUMEN
Spinal cord parasitic migrations in cats are uncommon. This report describes four cases of chronic hindlimb paraparesis in cats associated with nematode infection. Complete neurologic, hematologic, serum chemistry and radiographic examination was performed on all animals. Computed tomographic (CT)-myelographic examination at the lumbar area in one cat showed a slight swelling of the spinal cord. Necropsy examination of the spinal cord revealed generalized edema and marked submeningeal hemorrhage at the thoracic region in three cats. On histopathologic examination, numerous sections of adult nematodes and eggs were present in histological sections of the affected spinal cord segments in all cats. The morphologic features of the nematode, location and appearance of the lesions suggest that the parasite responsible for the paralysis in these cats is Gurltia paralysans.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/parasitología , Meningoencefalitis/veterinaria , Paraparesia/veterinaria , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/etiología , Gatos , Femenino , Masculino , Meningoencefalitis/complicaciones , Meningoencefalitis/parasitología , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Paraparesia/etiología , Paraparesia/parasitología , Infecciones por Strongylida/complicaciones , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitologíaRESUMEN
Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica was introduced in Brazil in the 1980s for commercial purposes ("escargot" farming) and nowadays, mainly by human activity, it is widespread in at least 23 out of 26 Brazilian states and Brasília, including the Amazonian region and natural reserves, where besides a general nuisance for people it is a pest and also a public health concern, since it is one of the natural intermediate host of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, ethiological agent of the meningoencephalitis in Asia. As Brazil is experiencing the explosive phase of the invasion, the Laboratório de Malacologia do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz has been receiving samples of these molluscs for identification and search for Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Angiostrongylus costaricensis larvae. While examining samples of A. fulica different nematode larvae were obtained, including Aelurostrongylus, whose different species are parasites of felids, dogs, primates, and badger. Morphological and morphometric analyses presented herein indicated the species Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, as well as the occurrence of other nematode larvae (Strongyluris-like) found in the interior of the pallial cavity of A. fulica. This is the first report in Brazil of the development of A. abstrusus infective larvae in A. fulica evidencing the veterinary importance of this mollusc in the transmission of A. abstrusus to domestic cats. Since the spread of A. fulica is pointed out in the literature as one of the main causative spread of the meningoencephalitis caused by A. cantonensis the authors emphasize the need of sanitary vigilance of snails and rats from vulnerable areas for A. cantonensis introduction as the port side areas.
Asunto(s)
Metastrongyloidea/patogenicidad , Caracoles/parasitología , Animales , Brasil , Gatos , Humanos , Larva/patogenicidad , Meningoencefalitis/etiología , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Salud Pública , Factores de Riesgo , Infecciones por Strongylida/complicacionesRESUMEN
Skrjabingylus santaceciliae n. sp. is described based on specimens from the frontal sinuses of a hooded skunk, Mephitis macroura, collected from the Area de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Skrjabingylus santaceciliae n. sp. differs from the other 5 species in the genus in having pointed spicule tips that lack a rounded or lobed formation and by lacking a prominent distal projection at the tail tip. Morphometric comparisons show that S. santaceciliae n. sp. is much smaller than the only other valid species from Mephitis, Skrjabingylus chitwoodorum Hill, 1939. Likewise, morphometric comparisons also distinguish S. santaceciliae n. sp. from other described Skrjabingylus species.
Asunto(s)
Seno Frontal/parasitología , Mephitidae/parasitología , Metastrongyloidea/clasificación , Infecciones por Strongylida/veterinaria , Animales , Costa Rica , Femenino , Masculino , Metastrongyloidea/anatomía & histología , Metastrongyloidea/aislamiento & purificación , Metastrongyloidea/ultraestructura , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo/veterinaria , Infecciones por Strongylida/parasitologíaRESUMEN
From January to April 1984, 63 Rattus rattus and 40 R. norvegicus were trapped in northeastern Puerto Rico and examined for Angiostrongylus cantonensis adults. Nineteen (47.5%) of the R. norvegicus and 10 (15.9%) of the R. rattus were infected, giving an overall infection rate of 28.2%. Four species of terrestrial snails and one species of brown slug were examined for A. cantonensis larvae. Two snail species, Subulina octona and Aquebana belutina, were found infected with third stage larvae of A. cantonensis. These larvae were harvested and inoculated per os into adult white mice. Immature adult worms were found in the brain tissue of all mice inoculated. This is the first report in the rat and snail populations of Puerto Rico.