RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The "health spillover" of patient illness on family members is important to capture in economic evaluation. This study compares the construct validity and responsiveness of 2 widely used health-related quality-of-life instruments, the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D, in capturing health spillover effects for family members with and without an informal care role (carers and noncarers). METHODS: Construct validity and responsiveness were assessed using data from a 2012 UK survey of the family impact of meningitis-related sequelae. Construct validity was assessed by testing associations between family members' health status and variables anticipated to be associated with spillover effects (patient health status and informal care). Responsiveness was assessed by testing associations between the longitudinal change in family members' health status and longitudinal change in patient health and caring hours. RESULTS: Among noncarers, both the EQ-5D-5L and the SF-6D exhibited construct validity with 10 of the 11 associations that were hypothesized being statistically significant on both measures. There was less clear evidence of responsiveness of the measures for noncarers. Among carers, the EQ-5D-5L exhibited greater construct validity, as well as responsiveness, with respect to spillovers from patient health. This was evidenced by the EQ-5D-5L detecting 9 significant associations compared with 4 on the SF-6D. However, the SF-6D exhibited greater construct validity with respect to spillovers generated from informal care provision (5 associations significant compared with 2 on the EQ-5D-5L). CONCLUSION: Both the EQ-5D-5L and the SF-6D exhibited a degree of validity that could justify their use as measures of health-related quality-of-life spillovers on family members in economic evaluation.
Asunto(s)
Familia , Meningitis Bacterianas/transmisión , Meningitis Viral/transmisión , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Cuidadores , Estado de Salud , Humanos , Meningitis Bacterianas/enfermería , Meningitis Bacterianas/fisiopatología , Meningitis Viral/enfermería , Meningitis Viral/fisiopatología , Reino UnidoAsunto(s)
Vacuna Antisarampión/administración & dosificación , Sarampión/complicaciones , Sarampión/enfermería , Negativa a la Vacunación , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Niño , Guarderías Infantiles , Preescolar , Encefalitis Viral/etiología , Encefalitis Viral/enfermería , Alemania , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Sarampión/prevención & control , Sarampión/transmisión , Meningitis Viral/etiología , Meningitis Viral/enfermería , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, whereas encephalitis is inflammation of the parenchymal brain tissue. The single distinguishing element between the 2 diagnoses is the altered state of consciousness, focal deficits, and seizures found in encephalitis. Consequently meningoencephalitis is a term used when both findings are present in the patient. Viral meningitis is not necessarily reported as it is often underdiagnosed, whereas encephalitis cases are on the increase in various areas of North America. Improved imaging and viral diagnostics, as well as enhanced neurocritical care management, have improved patient outcomes to date.
Asunto(s)
Encefalitis Viral/diagnóstico , Encefalitis Viral/terapia , Meningitis Viral/diagnóstico , Meningitis Viral/terapia , Infecciones por Coxsackievirus/diagnóstico , Enfermería de Cuidados Críticos , Encefalitis Viral/epidemiología , Encefalitis Viral/enfermería , Herpes Simple/diagnóstico , Humanos , Meningitis Viral/epidemiología , Meningitis Viral/enfermería , Poliomielitis/diagnóstico , Salud Pública , Estaciones del AñoAsunto(s)
Meningitis Meningocócica/enfermería , Diagnóstico de Enfermería , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Alemania , Humanos , Meningitis Meningocócica/diagnóstico , Meningitis Meningocócica/mortalidad , Meningitis Viral/diagnóstico , Meningitis Viral/mortalidad , Meningitis Viral/enfermería , Tasa de SupervivenciaAsunto(s)
Herpes Simple/congénito , Herpes Simple/transmisión , Meningitis Viral/diagnóstico , Neumonía Viral/diagnóstico , Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo/diagnóstico , Antivirales/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Herpes Simple/diagnóstico , Herpes Simple/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Intercambio Materno-Fetal , Meningitis Viral/enfermería , Neumonía Viral/enfermería , Embarazo , Resultado del Embarazo , Pronóstico , Medición de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
Aseptic herpetic meningitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by fever, headaches, confusion, and a combination of meningeal signs. The spinal fluid findings consist of an increase in mononuclear cells (mononuclear pleocytosis), increased protein concentration, and normal glucose concentrations. Aseptic herpetic meningitis is thought to be caused by a viral infection, although the specific virus is usually not demonstrated. The condition is self-limited and requires no treatment.
Asunto(s)
Herpes Genital/complicaciones , Herpes Genital/enfermería , Meningitis Viral/etiología , Meningitis Viral/enfermería , Adulto , Femenino , Herpesvirus Humano 2/aislamiento & purificación , HumanosRESUMEN
This article discusses the infectious disease meningitis--a notifiable disease since 1912 (Payling, 1994). The major concern is bacterial meningitis and in particular the meningococcal cause. Viral meningitis is also considered. Some 50% of cases of meningitis in the UK are of the viral kind, where the patient usually makes a full recovery and in some instances may not be aware of having contracted the disease (Payling, 1994). Cases of bacterial meningitis are few and if treated effectively and with urgency can result in full recovery; however, any delay may result in fatal sequelae. Bacterial meningitis occurs mainly as a result of meningococcal, pneumococcal or Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) infection. The latter has largely been eradicated in England and Wales as a result of effective immunization programmes. The nurse must develop an awareness of the disease, and diagnose it at an early stage. He/she should know the procedures for referring the patient to prevent an escalation of the infection and to reduce the severity of its effects.