RESUMEN
Monocytes produce high levels of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α that are involved in autoimmunity, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular disease and obesity. Therapies targeting IL-6 and TNF-α have been utilized in treating chronic inflammatory diseases. Oligonol is a lychee fruit-derived low-molecular form of polyphenol mixture, typically catechin-type monomers and oligomers of proanthocyanidins, which are produced by an oligomerization process. Although previous studies reported anti-inflammatory properties of Oligonol, it is unknown whether and how Oligonol suppresses IL-6 and TNF-α production in human monocytes. The results of our study demonstrate that Oligonol (25µg/ml) decreases the production of IL-6 and TNF-α from human primary monocytes as measured by flow cytometry and ELISA. Such an anti-cytokine effect was likely mediated by the suppression of NF-κB activation without inducing cell death. Our findings raise the possibility of exploring the benefits of Oligonol in controlling inflammatory conditions, especially those associated with monocytes, in humans.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Catequina/análogos & derivados , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Litchi/inmunología , Monocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Fenoles/uso terapéutico , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Catequina/uso terapéutico , Células Cultivadas , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Inflamación/inmunología , Interleucina-6/genética , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Monocitos/inmunología , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/química , Polifenoles/química , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismoAsunto(s)
Anafilaxia/diagnóstico , Anafilaxia/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/etiología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/inmunología , Litchi/efectos adversos , Litchi/inmunología , Anafilaxia/complicaciones , Reacciones Cruzadas , Electroforesis en Gel de Poliacrilamida , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/complicaciones , Helianthus/efectos adversos , Helianthus/inmunología , Humanos , Immunoblotting/métodos , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/complicaciones , Semillas/efectos adversos , Semillas/inmunología , Pruebas CutáneasRESUMEN
We present the case of a 33-year-old nonatopic woman with multiple episodes of anaphylaxis after ingestion of different fruits. The fruits implicated were apple, banana and lychee: all of which belong to different and botanically disparate plant families. The reaction to apple and banana was confirmed by prick testing. There was no history of allergy to other agents that are known to have cross reactions with fruits, viz. latex or pollen. As such patients often do not present to dermatologists, we wish to highlight the rare but potentially fatal clinical entity of type I allergy to fruits without concomitant allergy to other common airborne/contact allergens. We also discuss the possible explanation of type I reaction to apparently unrelated fruits and the allergens involved in such reactions.