RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to characterise the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from local Malaysian fermented foods with oral probiotics properties. DESIGN: The LAB strains isolated from Malaysian fermented foods, Lactobacillus brevis FT 6 and Lactobacillus plantarum FT 12, were assessed for their antimicrobial properties against Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 via disc diffusion assay. Anti-biofilm properties were determined by treating the overnight P. gingivalis ATCC 33277 biofilm with different concentrations of LAB cell-free supernatant (LAB CFS). Quantification of biofilm was carried out by measuring the optical density of stained biofilm. The ability of L. brevis FT 6 and L. plantarum FT 12 to tolerate salivary amylase was also investigated. Acid production with different sugars was carried out by pH measurement and screening for potential antimicrobial organic acid by disc diffusion assay of neutralised probiotics CFS samples. In this study, L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469, a commercial strain was used to compare the efficacy of the isolated strain with the commercial strain. RESULTS: Lactobacillus brevis FT 6 and L. plantarum FT 12 possess antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis with inhibition diameters of more than 10 mm, and the results were comparable with L. rhamnosus ATCC 7469. The MIC and MBC assay results for all tested strains were recorded to be 25 µl/µl concentration. All LAB CFS reduced biofilm formation proportionally to the CFS concentration and tolerated salivary amylase with more than 50% viability. Overnight cultures of all lactic acid bacteria strains showed a pH reduction and neutralised CFS of all lactic acid bacteria strains did not show any inhibition towards P. gingivalis. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the isolated probiotics have the potential as probiotics to be used as a supportive oral health treatment, especially against a periodontal pathogen, P. gingivalis.
Asunto(s)
Antiinfecciosos , Alimentos Fermentados , Lactobacillus plantarum , Levilactobacillus brevis , Probióticos , Amilasas , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Humanos , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Lactobacillus plantarum/fisiología , Probióticos/farmacología , AzúcaresRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: All living organisms have developed during evolution complex time-keeping biological clocks that allowed them to stay attuned to their environments. Circadian rhythms cycle on a near 24 h clock. These encompass a variety of changes in the body ranging from blood hormone levels to metabolism, to the gut microbiota composition and others. The gut microbiota, in return, influences the host stress response and the physiological changes associated with it, which makes it an important determinant of health. Lactobacilli are traditionally consumed for their prophylactic and therapeutic benefits against various diseases, namely, the inflammatory bowel syndrome, and even emerged recently as promising psychobiotics. However, the potential role of lactobacilli in the normalization of circadian rhythms has not been addressed. RESULTS: Two-month-old male rats were randomly divided into three groups and housed under three different light/dark cycles for three months: natural light, constant light and constant darkness. The strain Levilactobacillus brevis 47f was administered to rats at a dose of 0.5 ml per rat for one month and The rats were observed for the following two months. As a result, we identified the biomarkers associated with intake of L. brevis 47f. Changing the light regime for three months depleted the reserves of the main buffer in the cell-reduced glutathione. Intake of L. brevis 47f for 30 days restored cellular reserves of reduced glutathione and promoted redox balance. Our results indicate that the levels of urinary catecholamines correlated with light/dark cycles and were influenced by intake of L. brevis 47f. The gut microbiota of rats was also influenced by these factors. L. brevis 47f intake was associated with an increase in the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and Roseburia and a decrease in the relative abundance of Prevotella and Bacteroides. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that oral administration of L. brevis 47f, for one month, to rats housed under abnormal lightning conditions (constant light or constant darkness) normalized their physiological parameters and promoted the gut microbiome's balance.
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Ritmo Circadiano/fisiología , Oscuridad , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiología , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Luz , Animales , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética , Masculino , Probióticos/administración & dosificación , RatasRESUMEN
The purpose of this research is to explore the positive effects of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis on the tissue damage and microbial community in mice challenged by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). Twenty-four mice were divided into four groups randomly: the CON group, ETEC group, LP-ETEC group and LB-ETEC group. Our results demonstrated that, compared with the ETEC group, the LP-ETEC and LB-ETEC groups experienced less weight loss and morphological damage of the jejunum. We measured proinflammatory factors of colonic tissue and found that L. plantarum and L. brevis inhibited the expression of proinflammatory factors such as IL-ß, TNF-α, and IL-6 and promoted that of the tight junction protein such as claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1. Additionally, L. plantarum and L. brevis altered the impact of ETEC on the intestinal microbial community of mice, significantly increased the abundance of probiotics such as Lactobacillus, and reduced that of pathogenic bacteria such as Proteobacteria, Clostridia, Epsilonproteobacteria, and Helicobacter. Therefore, we believe that L. plantarum and L. brevis can stabilize the intestinal microbiota and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, thus protecting mice from the gut inflammation induced by ETEC.
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Infecciones por Escherichia coli/terapia , Yeyuno/patología , Lactobacillus plantarum/fisiología , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Probióticos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Claudina-1/genética , Claudina-1/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Escherichia coli Enterotoxigénica/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/patología , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Yeyuno/metabolismo , Yeyuno/microbiología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMEN
From 98 Lactobacillus strains, isolated from Algerian homemade cheeses, 14 (B1-B14) were selected based on their anti-Escherichia coli and anti-Staphylococcus aureus activities. These strains were also tested towards Listeria monocytogenes 161 and Salmonella Typhimurium LT2 and further investigated for their resistance to simulated gastrointestinal digestion, cell surface properties, ability to adhere to HT-29 cells, cholesterol lowering, antioxidant activity, and technological traits. Five isolates (B9, B13, B18, B19, and B38) were active against L. monocytogenes and Salmonella. From them, three isolates, identified as Lactobacillus brevis (B9, B13, and B38) by MALDI-TOF spectrometry and 16S rDNA sequencing, exhibited high tolerance to pancreatic juice, bile salts and acidic juices, high percentages of hydrophobicity (87, 92, and 81%, respectively), auto-aggregation (61, 68, and 72%, respectively), and adherence to HT-29 cells (79, 84, and 74%, respectively), which testify on their potential of colonization of the human intestine. On the other way, the strains B9 and B13 manifested the most relevant antioxidant activity and cholesterol-lowering ability, respectively. L. brevis strains showed low acidifying and good proteolytic activities with noticeable heat tolerance. The results gathered in this study highlighted the richness of Algerian artisanal cheeses on new lactobacilli strains with an excellent probiotic potential and demonstrated that L. brevis, largely used as nonstarter in cheese manufacture, could be exploited also as a probiotic for human use.
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Queso , Microbiología de Alimentos , Levilactobacillus brevis , Listeria monocytogenes , Probióticos , Antibiosis , Adhesión Bacteriana , Queso/microbiología , Escherichia coli/fisiología , Células HT29 , Humanos , Levilactobacillus brevis/aislamiento & purificación , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Listeria monocytogenes/fisiología , Probióticos/aislamiento & purificación , Probióticos/metabolismo , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Staphylococcus aureus/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Microbial factors influence homeostatic and oncogenic growth in the intestinal epithelium. However, we know little about immediate effects of commensal bacteria on stem cell division programs. In this study, we examined the effects of commensal Lactobacillus species on homeostatic and tumorigenic stem cell proliferation in the female Drosophila intestine. We identified Lactobacillus brevis as a potent stimulator of stem cell divisions. In a wild-type midgut, L.brevis activates growth regulatory pathways that drive stem cell divisions. In a Notch-deficient background, L.brevis-mediated proliferation causes rapid expansion of mutant progenitors, leading to accumulation of large, multi-layered tumors throughout the midgut. Mechanistically, we showed that L.brevis disrupts expression and subcellular distribution of progenitor cell integrins, supporting symmetric divisions that expand intestinal stem cell populations. Collectively, our data emphasize the impact of commensal microbes on division and maintenance of the intestinal progenitor compartment.
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Adhesión Celular , Proliferación Celular , Drosophila/metabolismo , Intestinos/citología , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Células Madre/metabolismo , Animales , Animales Modificados Genéticamente/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Diferenciación Celular , Linaje de la Célula , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Abajo , Drosophila/microbiología , Proteínas de Drosophila/deficiencia , Proteínas de Drosophila/genética , Proteínas de Drosophila/metabolismo , Integrinas/metabolismo , Intestinos/microbiología , Levilactobacillus brevis/efectos de los fármacos , Receptores Notch/deficiencia , Receptores Notch/genética , Células Madre/citología , Células Madre/microbiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the functional capacity of plantaricin-producing Lactobacillus plantarum SF9C and S-layer-carrying Lactobacillus brevis SF9B to withstand gastrointestinal transit and to compete among the gut microbiota in vivo. Considering the probiotic potential of Lb. brevis SF9B, this study aims to investigate the antibacterial activity of Lb. plantarum SF9C and their potential for in vivo colonisation in rats, which could be the basis for the investigation of their synergistic functionality. RESULTS: A plantaricin-encoding cluster was identified in Lb. plantarum SF9C, a strain which efficiently inhibited the growth of Listeria monocytogenes ATCC® 19111™ and Staphylococcus aureus 3048. Homology-based three-dimensional (3D) structures of SF9C plantaricins PlnJK and PlnEF were predicted using SWISS-MODEL workspace and the helical wheel representations of the plantaricin peptide helices were generated by HELIQUEST. Contrary to the plantaricin-producing SF9C strain, the S-layer-carrying SF9B strain excluded Escherichia coli 3014 and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium FP1 from the adhesion to Caco-2 cells. Finally, PCR-DGGE analysis of the V2-V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed the transit of the two selected lactobacilli through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Microbiome profiling via the Illumina MiSeq platform revealed the prevalence of Lactobacillus spp. in the gut microbiota of the Lactobacillus-treated rats, even on the 10th day after the Lactobacillus application, compared to the microbiota of the healthy and AlCl3-exposed rats before Lactobacillus treatment. CONCLUSION: The combined application of Lb. plantarum SF9C and Lb. brevis SF9B was able to influence the intestinal microbiota composition in rats, which was reflected in the increased abundance of Lactobacillus genus, but also in the altered abundances of other bacterial genera, either in the model of healthy or aberrant gut microbiota of rats. The antibacterial activity and capacity to withstand in GIT conditions contributed to the functional aspects of SF9C and SF9B strains that could be incorporated in the probiotic-containing functional foods with a possibility to positively modulate the gut microbiota composition.
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Antibiosis , Tránsito Gastrointestinal , Lactobacillus plantarum/fisiología , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Probióticos/administración & dosificación , Animales , Bacteriocinas , Células CACO-2 , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Humanos , Levilactobacillus brevis/genética , Lactobacillus plantarum/genética , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/genética , Ratas , Salmonella typhimurium , Staphylococcus aureusRESUMEN
Our previous study reported that lactic acid bacteria (L. brevis OPK-3) isolated from kimchi ameliorated intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. The current study explored potential roles of L. brevis OPK-3 (KLAB) on preventing body weight gain and its effect on the inflammatory response of adipose tissue. Male C57BL/6 mice (n = 10) were divided into four groups: normal diet with distilled water (NDC), high-fat diet with distilled water (HDC), high-fat diet with L-ornithine (OTC) or high-fat diet with KLAB. The KLAB supplement resulted in significantly lower body weight, lower epididymal fat tissue mass, and lower serum and hepatic TG levels than the HDC. KLAB supplementation improved serum cytokines, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis showed significantly lower inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels in epididymal adipose tissue. These results suggest that the administration of KLAB inhibits the induction of inflammation in adipose tissue along with the inhibition of weight gain. Therefore, this study demonstrates the therapeutic and beneficial value of this strain produced during the fermentation of kimchi.
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Adipogénesis/genética , Tejido Adiposo/patología , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Alimentos Fermentados/microbiología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Inflamación/genética , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Obesidad/genética , Animales , Glucemia/metabolismo , Composición Corporal , Peso Corporal , Análisis por Conglomerados , Citocinas/sangre , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Mediadores de Inflamación/sangre , Lípidos/sangre , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Obesos , Obesidad/sangre , Tamaño de los Órganos , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismoRESUMEN
This study aimed to model the inactivation of Lactobacillus brevis DSM 6235 while retaining the viability of yeasts during washing brewer's yeast with phosphoric acid and chlorine dioxide. The independent variables in the acid washing were pH (1-3) and temperature (1-9 °C), whereas in the washing with chlorine dioxide, concentration (10-90 mg/L) and temperature (5-25 °C) were assessed. The predictive models obtained for the four response variables γLA, γCl (decimal reduction of L. brevis DSM 6235), Vf/V0LA, and Vf/V0Cl (brewer's yeast viability ratio) were found to have R2 > 0.80 and values of Fcalc > Freference. Then, the models were considered predictive and statistically significant (p < 0.10). Our results indicated that phosphoric acid and chlorine dioxide washing resulted in up to 7 and 6.4 (log CFU/mL) decimal reductions of L. brevis DSM 6235, respectively. On the other hand, the viability of the brewer's yeast ranged from 22.3 to 99.4%. L. brevis DSM 6235 inactivation was significantly influenced by parameters pH(Q) and T°C(Q) when phosphoric acid was applied, and by parameters mg/L(L), mg/L(Q), T°C(Q), and mg/L × T°C when ClO2 was applied. The validation of the models resulted in bias (γLA, 0.93/Vf/V0LA, 0.99 - γCl, 1.0/Vf/V0Cl, 0.99) and accuracy values (γLA, 1.12/Vf/V0LA, 1.01 - γCl, 1.08/Vf/V0Cl, 1.03). The results of this study indicate that it might be possible to decontaminate brewer's yeast through acid and chlorine dioxide washing while keeping its viability. This procedure will result in the reduction of costs and the lower generation of brewer's waste.
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Compuestos de Cloro/farmacología , Fermentación , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Viabilidad Microbiana , Óxidos/farmacología , Ácidos Fosfóricos/farmacología , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/fisiología , Cerveza/microbiología , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Levilactobacillus brevis/efectos de los fármacos , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/efectos de los fármacos , TemperaturaRESUMEN
Inorganic arsenic [iAs, As(III) + As(V)] is considered a human carcinogen. Recent studies show that it has also toxic effects on the intestinal epithelium which might partly explain its systemic toxicity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the protective role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against the toxic effects of iAs on the intestinal epithelium. For this purpose, the human colonic cells Caco-2 were exposed to As(III) in the presence of various LAB strains or their conditioned medium. Results showed that some strains and their conditioned media partially revert the oxidative stress, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the alterations of the distribution of tight junction proteins, and the cell permeability increases caused by As(III). These results show that both soluble factors secreted or resulting from LAB metabolism and cell-cell interactions are possibly involved in the beneficial effects. Therefore, some LAB strains have potential as protective agents against iAs intestinal barrier disruption.
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Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Arsénico/toxicidad , Lacticaseibacillus casei/química , Lactobacillus acidophilus/química , Levilactobacillus brevis/química , Probióticos/farmacología , Antiinflamatorios/química , Antioxidantes/química , Células CACO-2 , Permeabilidad de la Membrana Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Medios de Cultivo Condicionados/química , Medios de Cultivo Condicionados/farmacología , Colorantes Fluorescentes/análisis , Colorantes Fluorescentes/metabolismo , Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Interleucina-8/genética , Interleucina-8/metabolismo , Isoquinolinas/análisis , Isoquinolinas/metabolismo , Lactobacillus acidophilus/fisiología , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Lacticaseibacillus casei/fisiología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Probióticos/química , Proteína de la Zonula Occludens-1/genética , Proteína de la Zonula Occludens-1/metabolismoRESUMEN
Metabolic and neuroactive metabolite production represents one of the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota can impact health. One such metabolite, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), can modulate glucose homeostasis and alter behavioural patterns in the host. We previously demonstrated that oral administration of GABA-producing Lactobacillus brevis DPC6108 has the potential to increase levels of circulating insulin in healthy rats. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of endogenous microbial GABA production in improving metabolic and behavioural outcomes in a mouse model of metabolic dysfunction. Diet-induced obese and metabolically dysfunctional mice received one of two GABA-producing strains, L. brevis DPC6108 or L. brevis DSM32386, daily for 12 weeks. After 8 and 10 weeks of intervention, the behavioural and metabolic profiles of the mice were respectively assessed. Intervention with both L. brevis strains attenuated several abnormalities associated with metabolic dysfunction, causing a reduction in the accumulation of mesenteric adipose tissue, increased insulin secretion following glucose challenge, improved plasma cholesterol clearance and reduced despair-like behaviour and basal corticosterone production during the forced swim test. Taken together, this exploratory dataset indicates that intervention with GABA-producing lactobacilli has the potential to improve metabolic and depressive- like behavioural abnormalities associated with metabolic syndrome in mice.
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Conducta Animal , Depresión/complicaciones , Levilactobacillus brevis/metabolismo , Síndrome Metabólico/microbiología , Síndrome Metabólico/psicología , Ácido gamma-Aminobutírico/biosíntesis , Tejido Adiposo/patología , Animales , Peso Corporal , Colesterol/metabolismo , Corticosterona/metabolismo , Depresión/metabolismo , Depresión/fisiopatología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Tránsito Gastrointestinal , Glucosa/metabolismo , Resistencia a la Insulina , Intestino Delgado/metabolismo , Intestino Delgado/microbiología , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Aprendizaje por Laberinto , Síndrome Metabólico/complicaciones , Síndrome Metabólico/fisiopatología , Metabolómica , RatonesRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to determine the probiotic properties of Lactobacillus brevis KCCM 12203P isolated from the Korean traditional food kimchi and to evaluate the antioxidative activity and immune-stimulating potential of its heat-killed cells to improve their bio-functional activities. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, which is a representative commercial probiotic, was used as a comparative sample. Regarding probiotic properties, L. brevis KCCM 12203P was resistant to 0.3% pepsin with a pH of 2.5 for 3 h and 0.3% oxgall solution for 24 h, having approximately a 99% survival rate. It also showed strong adhesion activity (6.84%) onto HT-29 cells and did not produce ß-glucuronidase but produced high quantities of leucine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, ß-galactosidase, and N-acetyl-ß- glucosaminidase. For antioxidant activity, it appeared that viable cells had higher radical scavenging activity in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, while in the 2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay, heat-killed cells had higher antioxidant activity. Additionally, L. brevis KCCM 12203P showed higher lipid oxidation inhibition ability than L. rhamnosus GG; however, there was no significant difference (p < 0.05) between heat-killed cells and control cells. Furthermore, heat-killed L. brevis KCCM 12203P activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells without cytotoxicity at a concentration lower than 108 CFU/ml and promoted higher gene expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1ß, and interleukin-6 than L. rhamnosus GG. These results suggest that novel L. brevis KCCM 12203P could be used as a probiotic or applied to functional food processing and pharmaceutical fields for immunocompromised people.
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Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Alimentos Fermentados/microbiología , Inmunización , Levilactobacillus brevis/aislamiento & purificación , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Probióticos/farmacología , Animales , Adhesión Bacteriana , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Manipulación de Alimentos , Depuradores de Radicales Libres , Expresión Génica , Células HT29 , Calor , Humanos , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Levilactobacillus brevis/clasificación , Levilactobacillus brevis/genética , Ratones , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa/metabolismo , Filogenia , Células RAW 264.7RESUMEN
There is growing interest in bioactive substances from marine organisms for their potential use against diverse human diseases. Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder associated with bone loss primarily occurring through enhanced osteoclast differentiation and resorption. Recently, we reported the anti-osteoclastogenic activity of fermented Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) extract (FO) in vitro. The present study focused on investigating the anti-osteoporotic efficacy of FO in bone loss prevention in an experimental animal model of osteoporosis and elucidating the mechanism underlying its effects. Oral administration of FO significantly decreased ovariectomy-induced osteoclast formation and prevented bone loss, with reduced serum levels of bone turnover biomarkers including osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide fragment of type I collagen C-terminus (CTX). FO significantly suppressed receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) into osteoclasts and attenuated the induction of osteoclast-specific genes required for osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Furthermore, FO inhibited RANKL-mediated IκBα and p65 phosphorylation in BMMs. Taken together, these results demonstrate that FO effectively suppresses osteoclastogenesis in vivo and in vitro, and that FO can be considered as a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of osteoporosis and osteoclast-mediated skeletal diseases.
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Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/farmacología , Crassostrea/microbiología , Fermentación , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Osteoclastos/efectos de los fármacos , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/prevención & control , Ovariectomía , Alimentos Marinos/microbiología , Tibia/efectos de los fármacos , Actinas/metabolismo , Animales , Conservadores de la Densidad Ósea/aislamiento & purificación , Células Cultivadas , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/patología , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/metabolismo , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/patología , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/fisiopatología , Transducción de Señal , Tibia/metabolismo , Tibia/patología , Tibia/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal mucositis occurs in virtually all patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiochemotherapy. The manipulation of the oral cavity microbiota represents an intriguing and challenging target. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 75 patients were enrolled to receive Lactobacillus brevis CD2 lozenges or oral care regimen with sodium bicarbonate mouthwashes. The primary endpoint was the incidence of grade 3 or 4 oropharyngeal mucositis during radiotherapy treatment. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in the incidence of grade 3-4 oropharyngeal mucositis between the intervention and control groups (40.6% vs. 41.6% respectively, p=0.974). The incidence of pain, dysphagia, body weight loss and quality of life were not different between the experimental and standard arm. CONCLUSION: Our study was not able to demonstrate the efficacy of L. brevis CD2 lozenges in preventing radiation-induced mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. Although modulating homeostasis of the salivary microbiota in the oral cavity seems attractive, it clearly needs further study.
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Quimioradioterapia/efectos adversos , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/terapia , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Boca/microbiología , Antisépticos Bucales/administración & dosificación , Probióticos/administración & dosificación , Bicarbonato de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Estomatitis/prevención & control , Administración Oral , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/diagnóstico , Humanos , Italia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antisépticos Bucales/efectos adversos , Estudios Prospectivos , Saliva/microbiología , Bicarbonato de Sodio/efectos adversos , Estomatitis/diagnóstico , Estomatitis/microbiología , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Some Lactobacillus brevis strains were found to aggregate upon the addition of glucose, which resulted in glucose fermentation and pH decrease. Surface layer proteins (Slp) that represented the outermost layer of the bacteria decreased under these low pH conditions, probably because of the partial detachment of Slp from the cell surface triggered by the acidic environment. Similar observations of decreased Slp and aggregation were observed under the culture conditions, confirming that L. brevis aggregation was due to the partial Slp detachment under the acidic conditions of glucose fermentation. Such Slp detachment might affect the electrostatic nature of L. brevis cells by initiating the formation of irregular charge across the L. brevis cell surface, thereby leading to aggregation. These observations would be useful for elucidating the aggregation mechanism of lactic acid bacteria, which was considered to be involved in the probiotic effect of the bacteria.
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Fermentación , Glucosa/metabolismo , Concentración de Iones de Hidrógeno , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Levilactobacillus brevis/metabolismo , Probióticos , Electricidad EstáticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen that causes human Listeriosis and high mortality particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Pregnant women are more prone to L. monocytogenes infection resulting in abortions. In the present study, antilisterial activity of Lactobacillus brevis (LB) MF179529, a probiotic bacterial strain, was investigated in a murine model. METHODS: Initially a pilot study was conducted to determine the dose of L. monocytogenes required to cause symptomatic listeriosis. In the main trial, mice were divided into 4 groups. Group I was kept as negative control, group II was exposed to L. monocytogenes and maintained as positive control. Group III was fed with L. brevis only, while group IV received L. brevis for 3 days prior to L. monocytogenes infection. A volume of 200 µl of L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115 and L. brevis MF179529 bacterial suspension corresponding to cell density of 109CFU/ml were given to respective groups by intragastric route. Progress of infection was monitored for 7 days including general health scoring, listeria dispersion in organs, bacterial load in intestine and blood biochemistry were recorded on 3rd, 5th and 7th days post infection (dpi). RESULTS: Clinical listeriosis was induced by 109CFU/ml of L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115 in mice. Animals of group IV displayed minor signs of infection. L. brevis supplementation resulted in significant reduction in dispersion and propagation of L. monocytogenes in liver, spleen and intestine. L. brevis MF179529 consumption led to a significant elevation of number of lactic acid bacteria and reduction of total plate count, anaerobic count and coliform population in intestine. Moreover, total leukocyte and neutrophil counts of treated animals were similar to the negative control while positive control group displayed higher number. Safety evaluation of L. brevis was performed by monitoring general health, hematological and serological parameters of L. brevis fed and negative control group (group III and I). No significant difference in feed intake, body temperature, body weight and blood picture could be detected in L. brevis supplemented and control groups. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate ameliorative role of L. brevis in L. monocytogenes infection and suggest that L. brevis could be used for prophylactic measure.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Listeria monocytogenes/efectos de los fármacos , Probióticos/farmacología , Animales , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Profilaxis Antibiótica/métodos , Temperatura Corporal , Bovinos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Femenino , Listeria monocytogenes/patogenicidad , Listeriosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Listeriosis/microbiología , Ratones , Probióticos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
AIMS: This study aimed at isolating a probiotic strain from a collection of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with the high antioxidant property and confirms its potential in d-gal-induced oxidative stress (OS) murine model. METHODS AND RESULTS: The in vitro antioxidant ability of 16 LAB strains was determined in the cell-free supernatant of 3- to 5-day-old culture, intact cells and cell lysates using three different methods for determining the reactive oxygen species scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The strain, An28, presented the best antioxidant activity and was identified as Lactobacillus brevis MG000874 on the basis of 16 sRNA gene sequencing. The antioxidant potential of L. brevis MG000874 was confirmed in an OS murine model. Albino mice were exposed to d-galactose at a dose of 150 mg kg-1 BW and fed with L. brevis MG000874 (0·2 ml of 1010 CFU per ml cell suspension per animal per day). Antioxidant enzymes were quantified spectrophotometrically in the liver, kidney and serum. Subcutaneous administration of d-gal resulted in decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) and increase in glutathione-S-transferase (GST) levels in animals. The L. brevis MG000874-treated animals displayed improvement in SOD, CAT and GST in all tissues and GSH in the liver and serum. The safety assessment of L. brevis MG000874 was performed by comparing liver and renal function tests. None of the selected indicators was significantly different from the negative control group. CONCLUSIONS: The antioxidant potential of 16 strains was noticed to be strain specific and in vivo performance of L. brevis MG000874 was found satisfactory in a d-gal murine model. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Lactobacillus brevis MG000874 was identified for its admirable antioxidant property. This strain or/and its metabolites could be further investigated for possible applications in humans and veterinary fields.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/fisiología , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Animales , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Galactosa/efectos adversos , Levilactobacillus brevis/clasificación , Levilactobacillus brevis/genética , Levilactobacillus brevis/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Probióticos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The microflora composition of the oral cavity affects oral health. Some strains of commensal bacteria confer probiotic benefits to the host. Lactobacillus is one of the main probiotic genera that has been used to treat oral infections. The objective of this study was to select lactobacilli with a spectrum of probiotic properties and investigate their potential roles in oral health. RESULTS: An oral isolate characterized as Lactobacillus brevis BBE-Y52 exhibited antimicrobial activities against Streptococcus mutans, a bacterial species that causes dental caries and tooth decay, and secreted antimicrobial compounds such as hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid. Compared to other bacteria, L. brevis BBE-Y52 was a weak acid producer. Further studies showed that this strain had the capacity to adhere to oral epithelial cells. Co-incubation of L. brevis BBE-Y52 with S. mutans ATCC 25175 increased the IL-10-to-IL-12p70 ratio in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which indicated that L. brevis BBE-Y52 could alleviate inflammation and might confer benefits to host health by modulating the immune system. CONCLUSIONS: L. brevis BBE-Y52 exhibited a spectrum of probiotic properties, which may facilitate its applications in oral care products.
Asunto(s)
Caries Dental/microbiología , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Probióticos/aislamiento & purificación , Adulto , Caries Dental/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Humanos , Levilactobacillus brevis/genética , Levilactobacillus brevis/aislamiento & purificación , Masculino , Boca/microbiología , Probióticos/administración & dosificación , Saliva/microbiología , Streptococcus mutans/fisiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Sourdough fermentation by lactic acid bacteria is commonly used in bread baking, affecting several attributes of the final product. We analyzed whole-grain wheat and rye breads and doughs prepared with baker's yeast or a sourdough starter including Candida milleri, Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum using non-targeted metabolic profiling utilizing LC-QTOF-MS. The aim was to determine the fermentation-induced changes in metabolites potentially contributing to the health-promoting properties of whole-grain wheat and rye. Overall, we identified 118 compounds with significantly increased levels in sourdough, including branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and their metabolites, small peptides with high proportion of BCAAs, microbial metabolites of phenolic acids and several other potentially bioactive compounds. We also identified 69 compounds with significantly decreased levels, including phenolic acid precursors, nucleosides, and nucleobases. Intensive sourdough fermentation had a higher impact on the metabolite profile of whole-grain rye compared to milder whole-grain wheat sourdough fermentation. We hypothesize that the increased amount of BCAAs and potentially bioactive small peptides may contribute to the insulin response of rye bread, and in more general, the overall protective effect against T2DM and CVD.
Asunto(s)
Pan/análisis , Candida/fisiología , Lactobacillales/fisiología , Metabolómica/métodos , Secale/microbiología , Triticum/microbiología , Aminoácidos de Cadena Ramificada/análisis , Pan/microbiología , Cromatografía Liquida , Fermentación , Hidroxibenzoatos/análisis , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Lactobacillus plantarum/fisiología , Péptidos/análisis , Análisis de Componente Principal , Espectrometría de Masas en TándemRESUMEN
The knowledge about the association of lignocellulosic biomass-degrading microbes with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in ensilages is still limited. Paenibacillus strains are important microbes in sustainable agriculture. Here, P. panacisoli SDMCC050309 was isolated from ensiled corn stover and used as an example to investigate the effects on LAB. This strain produced at least 7 xylanases, and two of them were purified and characterized. Temperature and pH optima were determined to be 55⯰C and 8.0 for Xyn10 and 40⯰C and 7.0 for Xyn11, respectively. They could degraded larch wood xylan and alkali-pretreated corn stover into xylooligosaccharides (XOS). Using the produced XOS to culture Lactobacillus brevis SDMCC050297 and L. parafarraginis SDMCC050300, both of them grew well with high level of acetic acid production. The same phenomenon was observed when co-culturing those two Lactobacillus strains with P. panacisoli SDMCC050309. Therefore, P. panacisoli enhances growth of LAB by producing XOS in corn stover ensilages.
Asunto(s)
Glucuronatos/metabolismo , Oligosacáridos/metabolismo , Zea mays/química , Ácido Acético/metabolismo , Endo-1,4-beta Xilanasas/metabolismo , Levilactobacillus brevis/fisiología , Paenibacillus/enzimologíaRESUMEN
Aflatoxins are a large group of highly toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by specific species of fungi. Potential contamination of food commodities by these compounds causes extensive damage that lead to great economic losses. This study explored the potential use of antifungal compounds, produced by Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus paracasei, for growth inhibition and subsequent aflatoxin B1 production from select strains of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. Lactobacilli strains were isolated from traditional Egyptian dairy products, whereas fungal strains were isolated from infected cereal seeds. There were noticeable decreases in mycelium biomass and aflatoxin production as well. L. brevis exhibited the highest reduction of aflatoxin B1 production by A. flavus and A. parasiticus, 96.31 and 90.43%, respectively. The concentrations of amino acids of the antifungal compound produced by L. brevis were significantly higher than that produced by L. paracasei. Asparagine, glutamine, glycine, alanine, and leucine were the most concentrated amino acids for both strains. The antifungal compounds produced by L. brevis and L. paracasei were active in a wide range of pH, heat stable and inactivated by proteolytic enzymes (protease K and trypsin A). The expression of Omt-A gene that involved in the later step of aflatoxin production was evaluated by real-time PCR. There was a vigorous reduction at transcriptional level of Omt-A gene observed in A. flavus that is treated by L. brevis and L. paracasei (80 and 70%, respectively). However, the reduction of Omt-A gene observed in A. parasiticus that is treated by L. brevis and L. paracasei was 64.5 and 52%, respectively. Treating maize seeds with antifungal compounds exhibited great efficiency in controlling fungal infection and increasing seed germination. The results confirmed that lactic acid bacteria are a promising strategy to control food contamination of fermented food and dairy products.