RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Most household and body soaps have an alkaline pH (9-12). In addition to their foaming effect, they irritate the skin. This study aims to review soap exposure reported to the Angers Poison Control Centre. METHOD: A retrospective study of accidental or deliberate oral exposure to solid soaps reported to the Angers Poison Control Centre between 1 January 2000 and 1 April 2015. Poisoning severity was reassessed for each case according to the Poisoning Severity Score (PSS). RESULTS: 553 cases of exposure were recorded. In more than 40% of cases (n = 226), exposure occurred in community settings (retirement homes, nursing homes). Patients had a history of dementia in 220 cases (40%). The most common symptoms were labial oedema (28%, n = 153), oropharyngeal irritation (10%, n = 56), salivation (10%, n = 53), vomiting (9%, n = 48) and cough (8%, n = 45). Among symptomatic patients (n = 276), one patient died from aspiration pneumonia and one patient died from a cardiogenic shock following oropharyngeal oedema, vomiting, cough and bronchial obstruction. Patients with dementia were more often symptomatic (75% vs 34%, p < .001) and more frequently hospitalised (22% vs 0.8%, p < .001). They experienced more moderate to severe symptoms (8% vs 0%, p < .001). Mildly severe (PSS2, n = 14), highly severe (PSS3, n = 1) and fatal (PSS4, n = 2) poisoning were observed only in patients with dementia. CONCLUSION: Ingestion of soap bars is potentially serious, especially in patients with dementia. This type of soap should not be available to them in community settings and close monitoring should be considered in the event of oral exposure.
Asunto(s)
Accidentes Domésticos , Edema/inducido químicamente , Edema/epidemiología , Intoxicación/epidemiología , Jabones/envenenamiento , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Preescolar , Demencia/epidemiología , Demencia/psicología , Edema/diagnóstico , Edema/mortalidad , Femenino , Francia , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Intoxicación/diagnóstico , Intoxicación/mortalidad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Volición , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Hundreds of different household cleaning products are available in homes, presenting potential hazards to pets. These products are complex mixtures of chemicals that vary widely in their toxic potential. Prevention of toxicoses in companion animals follows the same guidelines as those recommended for children: Keep cleaning products out of the reach of pets, do not leave open containers or solutions of cleaning products unattended where animals may get into them, make sure containers of cleaning products are tightly sealed and properly labeled, and dispose of any cleaning solutions promptly after use. If a companion animal has ingested or spilled a cleaning product or disinfectant on itself, it is very important to assess the potential hazard to the animal promptly. Many products contain warnings regarding the corrosive or irritation potential of the product and instructions on the label for preliminary action in the case of accidental oral, dermal, or ocular exposures in humans. These instructions can generally be followed initially until further information on the product can be obtained, although the recommendations on some product labels may be outdated. In general, the clinical management for toxicoses caused by cleaning products and disinfectants involves the prevention of further contact with the concentrated product through either dilution or bathing; emergency stabilization of the patient if clinical signs are present; instituting specific therapies, if available; and use of general supportive care.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/inducido químicamente , Detergentes/envenenamiento , Desinfectantes/envenenamiento , Enfermedades de los Perros/inducido químicamente , Jabones/envenenamiento , Tensoactivos/envenenamiento , Animales , Gatos , PerrosRESUMEN
A case of slight renal tubular dysfunction associated with cataract and anaemia was diagnosed in a 3-month-old black boy in whom high levels of mercury were found in blood and urine. Several arguments suggest that the renal, ocular and haematological defects may have resulted from exposure to mercury during foetal life and the 1-month lactation period due to the extensive use of inorganic mercury containing cosmetics by the mother.