RESUMEN
Introdução: A Displasia do Desenvolvimento do Quadril (DDQ) é uma doença caracterizada pela alteração anatômica durante a diferenciação embriológica do quadril ou durante o crescimento e desenvolvimento deste. O diagnóstico precoce tem grande importância na DDQ, pois logo que detectada qualquer anormalidade no quadril pediátrico, é possível uma intervenção precoce, a fim de realizar um tratamento não invasivo e de baixo custo. Ainda não existe um protocolo estabelecido de rastreio com ultrassonografia (USG) para a DDQ no Brasil. Objetivo: Implementar uma sistemática de rastreio universal para displasia do desenvolvimento dos quadris em um hospital público na cidade de São Paulo. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura a fim de justificar a importância da criação e estruturação de um Ambulatório Especializado em DDQ no Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal. Essa revisão buscou demonstrar os benefícios de um diagnóstico precoce. A partir disso, montou-se a estruturação do ambulatório. Serão acompanhados no ambulatório todos os recém-nascidos dependentes de servidores públicos municipais de São Paulo, de acordo com o protocolo estabelecido pela Instituição. Resultados: Foi proposto um modelo de atendimento envolvendo: exame físico e exames complementares, diagnóstico, tratamento conservador e/ou cirúrgico e seguimento dos pacientes. Conclusão: O atendimento do paciente portador de DDQ será centralizado. Isso inclui as etapas de diagnóstico, avaliação da evolução nos diferentes estágios do acompanhamento, tratamento com órteses específicas ou realização de cirurgias complementares. Toda a equipe multidisciplinar será composta por profissionais capacitados e treinados, em um ambiente único, o que evitará encaminhamentos. Palavras-chave: Displasia do desenvolvimento dos quadris. Ambulatório. Diagnóstico.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Recién Nacido/crecimiento & desarrollo , Protocolos Clínicos , Ultrasonografía , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Displasia del Desarrollo de la Cadera/diagnóstico , Cadera/anomalíasRESUMEN
To evaluate the availability and characteristics of exercise training during hemodialysis in Brazil and to identify the reported barriers to exercise program implementation and maintenance. All dialysis units were assessed for eligibility using the database of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology. Each dialysis unit was contacted by telephone and the questions were administered. In dialysis units with exercise training, questions related to personnel involved, exercise components, and program delivery were included. Additionally, the barriers to exercise program implementation and maintenance were evaluated. This study included 261 dialysis units that responded to the survey. Forty-one dialysis units reported exercise training during hemodialysis in Brazil (prevalence of 15.7%). We identified 66 physiotherapists and 10 exercise physiologists in dialysis units with exercise training. Resistance training was the most common program component (92.7%). Hypotension (90.5%) and muscle cramps (85.7%) were the most common adverse events reported. In dialysis units with exercise training, poor patients' adherence to exercise was the most commonly reported barrier. The most prevalent barrier in dialysis units that tried or never tried to implement the exercise programs was a lack of resources. The number of dialysis units that have exercise training during hemodialysis in Brazil is low, and the most common program component is resistance training. A lack of resources was the most prevalent barrier in dialysis units that tried or never tried to implement the exercise programs.
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Ejercicio Físico/estadística & datos numéricos , Diálisis Renal , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Ejercicio Físico/efectos adversos , Humanos , Hipotensión , Calambre Muscular , Insuficiencia Renal Crónica/terapia , Entrenamiento de Fuerza/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
COVID-19 has caused radical effects on the daily lives of millions of people. The causal agent of the current pandemic is SARS-CoV-2, a virus that causes symptoms related to the respiratory system, leading to severe complications. In the in vitro fertilization (IVF) universe, there are several protocols for infection control and laboratory safety. Some professional associations have issued guidelines recommending measures involving patient flow and IVF practices. This study presents a review and considerations for the resumption of activities in IVF laboratories and clinics in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic, according to the guidelines and statements from professional organizations and societies in reproductive medicine.
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Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , COVID-19 , Fertilización In Vitro , Control de Infecciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Brasil , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Niño , Preescolar , Fertilización In Vitro/legislación & jurisprudencia , Fertilización In Vitro/métodos , Fertilización In Vitro/normas , Humanos , Lactante , Control de Infecciones/legislación & jurisprudencia , Control de Infecciones/métodos , Control de Infecciones/normas , Laboratorios/legislación & jurisprudencia , Laboratorios/normas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Few studies have assessed the efficiency and quality of HIV services in low-resource settings or considered the factors that determine both performance dimensions. To provide insights on the performance of outpatient HIV prevention units, we used benchmarking methods to identify best-practices in terms of technical efficiency and process quality and uncover management practices with the potential to improve efficiency and quality. We used data collected in 338 facilities in Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, and Zambia. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to estimate technical efficiency. Process quality was estimated using data from medical vignettes. We mapped the relationship between efficiency and quality scores and studied the managerial determinants of best performance in terms of both efficiency and quality. We also explored the relationship between management factors and efficiency and quality independently. We found levels of both technical efficiency and process quality to be low, though there was substantial variation across countries. One third of facilities were mapped in the best-performing group with above-median efficiency and above-median quality. Several management practices were associated with best performance in terms of both efficiency and quality. When considering efficiency and quality independently, the patterns of associations between management practices and the two performance dimensions were not necessarily the same. One management characteristic was associated with best performance in terms of efficiency and quality and also positively associated with efficiency and quality independently: number of supervision visits to HIV units.
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Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Eficiencia Organizacional , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Administración de Instituciones de Salud/métodos , África del Sur del Sahara , Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Prueba de VIH/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Pacientes AmbulatoriosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: to report the experience of a health team in restructuring service at a mastology outpatient clinic. METHODS: an experience report in a public university service mastology outpatient in Ceará between March and April 2020. Service in this outpatient clinic is exclusively for women and who have breast changes for surgical treatments ranging from nodulectomies to mastectomies with oncoplastic. RESULTS: increased COVID-19 cases brought the need to restructure healthcare services. The following steps were followed: identification of scheduled patients, reading of clinical developments in electronic medical records, individual assessment to define whether or not appointment would remain, telephone contact to inform about unscheduling. Among the 555 consultations scheduled for March and April 2020, 316 (56.9%) were maintained. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: restructuring consultations at a mastology outpatient clinic optimized the waiting time for consultations and avoided crowds at service, providing patient safety.
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Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Mama/terapia , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/terapia , Reestructuración Hospitalaria/organización & administración , Servicios de Salud para Mujeres/organización & administración , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Brasil , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Management of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) requires subspecialized, comprehensive, multidisciplinary care. The Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation established the Care Center Network (CCN) in 2013 with identified criteria to become a designated CCN site. Despite these criteria, the essential components of an ILD clinic remain unknown. RESEARCH QUESTIONS: How are ILD clinics within the CCN structured? What are the essential components of an ILD clinic according to ILD physician experts, patients, and caregivers? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This study had three components. First, all 68 CCN sites were surveyed to determine the characteristics of their current ILD clinics. Second, an online, three-round modified Delphi survey was conducted between October and December 2019 with 48 ILD experts participating in total. Items for round 1 were generated using expert interviews. During rounds 1 and 2, experts rated the importance of each item on a 5-point Likert scale. The a priori threshold for consensus was more than 75% of experts rating an item as important or very important. In round 3, experts graded items that met consensus and ranked items deemed essential for an ILD clinic. Third, ILD patient and caregiver focus groups were conducted and analyzed for content to determine their perspectives of an ideal ILD clinic. RESULTS: Forty items across four categories (members, infrastructure, resources, and multidisciplinary conference) achieved consensus as essential to an ILD clinic. Patient and caregiver focus groups identified three major themes: comprehensive, patient-centered medical care; expanded access to care; and comprehensive support for living and coping with ILD. INTERPRETATION: The essential components of an ILD clinic are well-aligned between physician experts and patients. Future research can use these findings to evaluate the impact of these components on patient outcomes and to inform best practices for ILD clinics throughout the world.
Asunto(s)
Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/terapia , Modelos Organizacionales , Colorado , Técnica Delphi , Grupos Focales , Humanos , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Introdução: A ecocardiografia é uma ferramenta diagnóstica de crescente utilização na prática clínica, aplicada a diversos cenários médicos. Os cuidados e os processos de manutenção preventiva ou corretiva dos equipamentos são ainda pouco padronizados. O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever o processo de manutenção atualmente aplicado a equipamentos ecocardiográficos em um laboratório. Descrever o processo inclui a caracterização de danos e aplicações de manutenção preventiva ou corretiva. Métodos: Estudo observacional descritivo e exploratório realizado em centro único. As informações de dados do processo de manutenção de equipamentos ecocardiográficos foram obtidas de arquivos eletrônicos do sistema de gestão de equipamentos de um laboratório de médio porte de um hospital público de nível terciário com características de ensino, no período de 2003 a 2018. Resultados: Foram identificados dez tipos de avarias mais comuns, como dano a programas (23,8%), peças (23,1%) e relacionadas à queda de energia e de acessórios (13,8%). Após a implementação do processo de manutenção preventiva, houve significativa redução dos custos de manutenções (US$ 44.472,10 versus US$ 25.807,59; p= 0,029). Mesmo após a manutenção preventiva, os custos de manutenção corretiva em equipamentos aplicados à ecocardiografia transesofágica (US$ 7.789,17) foram maiores que aqueles a equipamentos aplicados a outras modalidades (US$ 3.184,37 em ecocardiografia transtorácica e US$1.813,00 em estresse). Conclusão: O processo de manutenção de equipamentos ecocardiográficos foi descrito. Danos a equipamentos ecocardiográficos estão relacionados a altos custos, principalmente naqueles aplicados a modalidades especiais, como ecocardiografia transesofágica. As manutenções preventivas reduziram significativamente os custos de manutenção. (AU)
Introduction: Echocardiography is a diagnostic tool that is increasingly used in clinical practice in different medical scenarios; however, the preventive (PM) or corrective maintenance (CM) care and processes for this equipment are still poorly standardized. To describe the maintenance process currently implemented for echocardiographic equipment (ECHO) in a medium-sized laboratory in a tertiary-level public teaching hospital. The description of the process includes damage characterization and MP and MC implementation. Methods: This was a descriptive and exploratory single-center observational study. Data on the maintenance process of echocardiographic equipment were obtained from electronic files from the hospital's equipment management system between 2003 and 2018. Results: Together with the description of the equipment maintenance process, the ten most common types of malfunctions were identified, including software (23.8%), parts (23.1%), and power outage and accessory damage (13.8%). The implementation of the PM process significantly decreased the maintenance costs (USD 44,472.10 vs USD 25,807.59, p = 0.029). Even after the MP, the CM costs related to transesophageal echocardiography equipment (TEE) (USD 7,789.17) were higher than those with other equipment modalities (USD 3,184.37 for transthoracic echocardiography equipment (TTE) and USD 1,813.00 for stress testing). Conclusion: The maintenance process for ECHO equipment was described. ECHO equipment damage has high costs, especially in special modalities such as TEE. PM significantly reduced maintenance costs. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Ecocardiografía/economía , Mantenimiento de Equipo/métodos , Análisis Costo-Beneficio/estadística & datos numéricos , Economía y Organizaciones para la Atención de la Salud , Equipos y Suministros/economía , Factores de Tiempo , Ecocardiografía Transesofágica/estadística & datos numéricos , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Hospitales de Enseñanza/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
Treating an anticoagulated patient with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) remains a challenge, especially in areas where dicoumarins are still the first drug of choice due to the cost of other oral anticoagulants. Anticoagulation clinics have proven to be the most efficient and safe way to avoid thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications and to keep patients in optimal treatment range. However, they require adequate infrastructure and trained personnel to work properly. In this Argentine consensus we propose a series of guidelines for the effective management of the anticoagulation clinics. The goal is to achieve the excellence in both the clinical healthcare and the hemostasis laboratory for the anticoagulated patient. The criteria developed in the document were agreed upon by a large group of expert specialists in hematology and biochemistry from all over the country. The criteria presented here must always be considered when indicating VKA although they had to be adapted to the unequal reality of each center. Taking these premises into consideration will allow us to optimize the management of the anticoagulated patient with VKA and thus minimize thrombotic and hemorrhagic intercurrences, in order to honor our promise not to harm the patient.
El tratamiento de un paciente anticoagulado con antagonistas de la vitamina K (AVK) sigue siendo un desafío, especialmente en regiones donde, por el costo, los dicumarínicos son todavía la alternativa más buscada a la hora de elegir un anticoagulante oral. Las clínicas de anticoagulación han demostrado ser la forma más eficiente y segura de evitar complicaciones trombóticas y hemorrágicas y de mantener al paciente en rango óptimo de tratamiento. Sin embargo, requieren de una adecuada infraestructura y personal capacitado para que funcionen eficientemente. En este consenso argentino se propone una serie de parámetros para la gestión efectiva de una clínica de anticoagulación. El objetivo es lograr una elevada calidad desde el punto de vista clínico-asistencial a través de un laboratorio de hemostasia de excelencia. Los criterios desarrollados en el documento fueron consensuados por un amplio grupo de expertos especialistas en hematología y en bioquímica de todo el país. Estos criterios deben adaptarse a la irregular disponibilidad de recursos de cada centro, pero siempre se los debe tener en cuenta a la hora de indicar el tratamiento anticoagulante con estas drogas. Tener en consideración estas premisas nos permitirá optimizar la atención del enfermo anticoagulado con AVK y de esta forma minimizar las intercurrencias trombóticas y hemorrágicas a las que está expuesto, para así honrar nuestra promesa de no dañar al paciente.
Asunto(s)
Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapéutico , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Vitamina K/antagonistas & inhibidores , Administración Oral , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/normas , Consenso , Humanos , Relación Normalizada InternacionalRESUMEN
Resumen El tratamiento de un paciente anticoagulado con antagonistas de la vitamina K (AVK) sigue siendo un desafío, especialmente en regiones donde, por el costo, los dicumarínicos son todavía la alternativa más buscada a la hora de elegir un anticoagulante oral. Las clínicas de anticoagulación han demostrado ser la forma más eficiente y segura de evitar complicaciones trombóticas y hemorrágicas y de mantener al paciente en rango óptimo de tratamiento. Sin embargo, requieren de una adecuada infraestructura y personal capacitado para que funcionen eficientemente. En este consenso argentino se propone una serie de parámetros para la gestión efectiva de una clínica de anticoagulación. El objetivo es lograr una elevada calidad desde el punto de vista clínico-asistencial a través de un laboratorio de hemostasia de excelencia. Los criterios desarrollados en el documento fueron consensuados por un amplio grupo de expertos especialistas en hematología y en bioquímica de todo el país. Estos criterios deben adaptarse a la irregular disponibilidad de recursos de cada centro, pero siempre se los debe tener en cuenta a la hora de indicar el tratamiento anticoagulante con estas drogas. Tener en consideración estas premisas nos permitirá optimizar la atención del enfermo anticoagulado con AVK y de esta forma minimizar las intercurrencias trombóticas y hemorrágicas a las que está expuesto, para así honrar nuestra promesa de no dañar al paciente.
Abstract Treating an anticoagulated patient with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) remains a challenge, especially in areas where dicoumarins are still the first drug of choice due to the cost of other oral anticoagulants. Anticoagulation clinics have proven to be the most efficient and safe way to avoid thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications and to keep patients in optimal treatment range. However, they require adequate infrastructure and trained personnel to work properly. In this Argentine consensus we propose a series of guidelines for the effective management of the anticoagulation clinics. The goal is to achieve the excellence in both the clinical healthcare and the hemostasis laboratory for the anticoagulated patient. The criteria developed in the document were agreed upon by a large group of expert specialists in hematology and biochemistry from all over the country. The criteria presented here must always be considered when indicating VKA although they had to be adapted to the unequal reality of each center. Taking these premises into consideration will allow us to optimize the management of the anticoagulated patient with VKA and thus minimize thrombotic and hemorrhagic intercurrences, in order to honor our promise not to harm the patient.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Vitamina K/antagonistas & inhibidores , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Fibrinolíticos/uso terapéutico , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Administración Oral , Relación Normalizada Internacional , Consenso , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/normasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: to report a clinical case of needle phobia which culminated in cardiac arrest and describe the outcome of a care plan based on fear and anxiety diagnoses, using the Roy adaptation model as the framework. METHODS: case study conducted in a chemotherapy outpatient unit in Rio de Janeiro. Care was guided by the nursing process and the use of instruments to assess the venous network, anxiety and fear. RESULTS: the Roy adaptation model enabled proposing nursing interventions that allowed the study subject to adapt to the external and internal stimuli triggered by vasovagal syndrome. The instruments indicated the choice of an adequate semi-implanted venous access device and led to improved levels of anxiety and fear. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: after carrying out the nursing activities, anxiety was reduced, and the patient achieved greater control over fear.
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Quimioterapia/enfermería , Agujas/efectos adversos , Trastornos Fóbicos/enfermería , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/estadística & datos numéricos , Brasil , Humanos , Masculino , Atención de Enfermería/métodos , Trastornos Fóbicos/psicología , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
Lesión Renal Aguda/fisiopatología , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Infecciones por Coronavirus/fisiopatología , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Neumonía Viral/fisiopatología , Diálisis Renal/métodos , Lesión Renal Aguda/etiología , Lesión Renal Aguda/terapia , Betacoronavirus , Brasil , COVID-19 , Terapia de Reemplazo Renal Continuo/métodos , Infecciones por Coronavirus/complicaciones , Humanos , Fallo Renal Crónico/complicaciones , Nefrología , Pandemias , Diálisis Peritoneal , Equipo de Protección Personal , Neumonía Viral/complicaciones , SARS-CoV-2 , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Natural hazards are elements of the physical environment caused by forces extraneous to human intervention and may be harmful to human beings. Natural hazards, such as weather events, can lead to natural disasters, which are serious societal disruptions that can disrupt dialysis provision, a life-threatening event for dialysis-dependent people. The adverse outcomes associated with missed dialysis sessions are likely exacerbated in island settings, where health care resources and emergency procedures are limited. The effect of natural disasters on dialysis patients living in geographically vulnerable areas such as the Cayman Islands is largely understudied. To inform predisaster interventions, we systematically reviewed studies examining the effects of disasters on dialysis patients and discussed the implications for emergency preparedness in the Cayman Islands. METHODS: Two reviewers independently screened 434 titles and abstracts from PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library. We included studies if they were original research articles published in English from 2009 to 2019 and conducted in the Americas. RESULTS: Our search yielded 15 relevant articles, which we included in the final analysis. Results showed that disasters have both direct and indirect effects on dialysis patients. Lack of electricity, clean water, and transportation, and closure of dialysis centers can disrupt dialysis care, lead to missed dialysis sessions, and increase the number of hospitalizations and use of the emergency department. Additionally, disasters can exacerbate depression and lead to posttraumatic stress disorder among dialysis patients. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this systematic review is the first study that presents a synthesis of the scientific literature on the effects of disasters on dialysis populations. The indirect and direct effects of disasters on dialysis patients highlight the need for predisaster interventions at the patient and health care system levels. Particularly, educating patients about an emergency renal diet and offering early dialysis can help to mitigate the negative effects of disasters.
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Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Defensa Civil/organización & administración , Tormentas Ciclónicas , Diálisis/efectos adversos , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud/organización & administración , Humanos , América del Norte , Insuficiencia Renal/psicología , Insuficiencia Renal/terapia , Indias OccidentalesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of NIC interventions "Teaching: Disease Process", "Health Education" and "Cardiac Care" in the improvement of NOC results in individuals with Heart Failure (HF), and the Nursing Diagnosis (ND) "Ineffective Health Control". METHODS: Retrospective cohort, conducted at a Health Education in Nursing outpatient clinic. Fourteen patients with HF had follow-up for one year in six bimonthly consultations. The effectiveness of interventions was verified through the change of the result scores through the Friedman's Non-Parametric Test and Analysis of Non-Parametric Variance for repeated measures. The level of significance was 5%. RESULTS: The interventions were implemented in consultations in a variety of activities. There was a significant improvement in the result scores until the fourth visit (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The interventions were effective in improving outcomes in patients with HF and Ineffective Health Control.
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Educación en Salud/normas , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/psicología , Anciano , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/estadística & datos numéricos , Brasil , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Educación en Salud/métodos , Educación en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/complicaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of life and its association with disease control, severity, allergic comorbidities and adherence to treatment in children and adolescents with asthma. METHODS: A cross-sectional study that included children and adolescents aged seven to 17. The Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) was used to assess their quality of life. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the chart and from a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were performed and chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were used to verify the existence of associations between quality of life and disease control, severity, comorbidities and adherence to treatment. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: 101 children/adolescents were evaluated (62.4% boys), with a mean age of 10.1 years. On average, the PAQLQ score was ≤5.9 points, indicating moderate / severe quality of life impairment. Higher levels of control, as well as higher disease severity, were associated with higher quality of life impairment, both in total PAQLQ score and domains (p<0.05). The presence of comorbidities was also associated with higher quality of life impairment (p=0.01), except in the emotional function domain. Adherence to treatment showed no association with quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Children and adolescents with asthma present impairment in their quality of life, and this is related to poorer control and severity of the disease, as well as to the presence of allergic comorbidities.
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Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Asma/psicología , Hipersensibilidad/psicología , Cumplimiento y Adherencia al Tratamiento/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Asma/diagnóstico , Brasil/epidemiología , Broncodilatadores/uso terapéutico , Niño , Comorbilidad , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad/epidemiología , Masculino , Calidad de Vida , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Utilization of ambulatory and outpatient services for primary, specialty, and surgical care has risen in the United States over the last decade, in parallel with the evolution of health care emergency management. Regulatory and accreditation authorities; legislature and policies; and real-life events such as hurricanes, tornadoes, and wildfires throughout the country have caused health care systems to take a more all-hazards approach for emergency management. While health care emergency management has grown tremendously in significance, outpatient settings have yet to see the same growth. However, concepts of comprehensive emergency management and the incident command system are important and valuable across all health care system settings, including outpatient facilities. The purpose of this article is to summarize regulatory requirements for outpatient health care emergency management, describe nuances of outpatient settings, and provide recommendations for how to successfully incorporate outpatient and ambulatory locations into the "Enterprise" model for comprehensive health care emergency management.
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Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/estadística & datos numéricos , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia/métodos , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Servicios Médicos de Urgencia/estadística & datos numéricos , HumanosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Describe the lived experience of a grassroots, non-governmental disaster medical team (DMT) through a research lens and share practical lessons learned, based on the DMT's experience to support and inform future response teams. METHODS: Forty-five days after Hurricane Maria, a non-governmental DMT provided primary medical care via community based pop-up clinics and home visitations in 5 different areas of Puerto Rico. Observational data, photo images, and debriefing notes were collected and documented in the response team's daily activity log. Field notes were coded using a descriptive coding method and then categorized into 2 domains specific to public health and medical diagnosis. RESULTS: Medical aid was provided to nearly 300 (N = 296) residents. Field note observations identified exhaustion related to living conditions and the exacerbation of underlying conditions such as reactive airway diseases, diabetes, hypertension, and depression due to the compounding effects of multiple post-disaster triggers. During home visitations, feelings of sadness and helplessness were identified secondary to natural disaster trauma and current living conditions. CONCLUSION: Our non-governmental DMT displayed similar characteristics demonstrated by federal DMTs post natural disaster. A number of strategic lessons learned emerged from the public health intervention important to future non-governmental DMTs.
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Tormentas Ciclónicas/estadística & datos numéricos , Medicina de Desastres/métodos , Grupo de Atención al Paciente/tendencias , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/estadística & datos numéricos , Tormentas Ciclónicas/mortalidad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Grupo de Atención al Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Puerto RicoRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the quality of life and its association with disease control, severity, allergic comorbidities and adherence to treatment in children and adolescents with asthma. Methods: A cross-sectional study that included children and adolescents aged seven to 17. The Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) was used to assess their quality of life. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the chart and from a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were performed and chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were used to verify the existence of associations between quality of life and disease control, severity, comorbidities and adherence to treatment. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: 101 children/adolescents were evaluated (62.4% boys), with a mean age of 10.1 years. On average, the PAQLQ score was ≤5.9 points, indicating moderate / severe quality of life impairment. Higher levels of control, as well as higher disease severity, were associated with higher quality of life impairment, both in total PAQLQ score and domains (p<0.05). The presence of comorbidities was also associated with higher quality of life impairment (p=0.01), except in the emotional function domain. Adherence to treatment showed no association with quality of life. Conclusions: Children and adolescents with asthma present impairment in their quality of life, and this is related to poorer control and severity of the disease, as well as to the presence of allergic comorbidities.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida e sua associação com controle da doença, gravidade, comorbidades alérgicas e adesão ao tratamento em crianças e adolescentes com asma. Métodos: Estudo transversal que incluiu crianças e adolescentes com idade entre sete e 17 anos. O Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionary (PAQLQ) foi utilizado para avaliar a qualidade de vida. Dados sociodemográficos e clínicos foram obtidos a partir do prontuário e de um questionário. Foi realizada estatística descritiva e o teste do qui-quadrado ou o teste exato de Fisher foi utilizado para verificar existência de associações entre qualidade de vida e controle da doença, gravidade, comorbidades e adesão ao tratamento. O nível de significância estatística adotado foi de p<0,05. Resultados: 101 adolescentes/crianças foram avaliados (62,4% meninos), com média de idade de 10,1 anos. Em média, a pontuação do PAQLQ foi ≤5,9 pontos, indicando comprometimento moderado/grave da qualidade de vida. Piores níveis de controle e a maior gravidade da doença estiveram associados ao maior comprometimento da qualidade de vida, tanto no escore total do PAQLQ quanto por domínios (p<0,05). A presença de comorbidades também esteve associada ao maior comprometimento da qualidade de vida (p=0,01), exceto no domínio função emocional. A adesão ao tratamento não demonstrou associação com a qualidade de vida. Conclusões: Crianças e adolescentes com asma apresentam prejuízo na qualidade de vida, e este está relacionado com pior controle e maior gravidade da doença, assim como com a presença de comorbidades alérgicas.
Asunto(s)
Asma/psicología , Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Cumplimiento y Adherencia al Tratamiento/estadística & datos numéricos , Hipersensibilidad/psicología , Calidad de Vida , Asma/diagnóstico , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Brasil/epidemiología , Broncodilatadores/uso terapéutico , Comorbilidad , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Hipersensibilidad/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objectives: to report a clinical case of needle phobia which culminated in cardiac arrest and describe the outcome of a care plan based on fear and anxiety diagnoses, using the Roy adaptation model as the framework. Methods: case study conducted in a chemotherapy outpatient unit in Rio de Janeiro. Care was guided by the nursing process and the use of instruments to assess the venous network, anxiety and fear. Results: the Roy adaptation model enabled proposing nursing interventions that allowed the study subject to adapt to the external and internal stimuli triggered by vasovagal syndrome. The instruments indicated the choice of an adequate semi-implanted venous access device and led to improved levels of anxiety and fear. Final Considerations: after carrying out the nursing activities, anxiety was reduced, and the patient achieved greater control over fear.
RESUMEN Objetivos: informar sobre un caso clínico de fobia a las agujas derivado en paro cardiorrespiratorio, describir los resultados de un plan de atención orientado a diagnósticos de miedo y ansiedad, sobre referencial del Modelo de Adaptación de Roy. Métodos: estudio de caso observado en ambulatorio de quimioterapia de Rio de Janeiro. El trabajo profesional estuvo orientado por el proceso de enfermería, respaldado por utilización de instrumentos evaluadores de la red venosa, ansiedad y miedo. Resultados: el Modelo de Adaptación de Roy ofreció la propuesta de intervenciones de enfermería que le faciliten al sujeto estudiado adaptación a los estímulos externos e internos disparadores del síncope vasovagal. Los instrumentos indicaron que el catéter semiimplantado es el dispositivo de acceso venoso más adecuado, resultando en mejoras de los niveles de ansiedad y miedo. Consideraciones Finales: una vez realizadas las actividades de enfermería, la ansiedad disminuyó y el paciente obtuvo mayor autocontrol del miedo.
RESUMO Objetivos: reportar um caso clínico de fobia de agulha que culminou em parada cardiorrespiratória e descrever os resultados de um plano assistencial voltado aos diagnósticos de medo e ansiedade, tendo como referencial o Modelo de Adaptação de Roy. Métodos: estudo de caso, desenvolvido em ambulatório de quimioterapia do Rio de Janeiro. A atuação profissional foi orientada pelo processo de enfermagem e subsidiada pelo uso de instrumentos de avaliação da rede venosa, ansiedade e medo. Resultados: o Modelo de Adaptação de Roy facultou a proposição de intervenções de enfermagem que permitiram ao sujeito do estudo uma adaptação aos estímulos externos e internos desencadeadores de síndrome vasovagal. Os instrumentos indicaram a escolha de um cateter semi-implantado como dispositivo de acesso venoso adequado que resultou na melhora dos níveis de ansiedade e medo. Considerações Finais: após o desenvolvimento das atividades de enfermagem, a ansiedade diminuiu e o paciente obteve maior autocontrole do medo.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Joven , Trastornos Fóbicos/enfermería , Quimioterapia/enfermería , Agujas/efectos adversos , Trastornos Fóbicos/psicología , Brasil , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administración , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/estadística & datos numéricos , Atención de Enfermería/métodosAsunto(s)
Humanos , Infecciones por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Coronavirus/terapia , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Atención Integral de Salud/organización & administración , Urgencias Médicas , Vigilancia en Salud Pública/métodos , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/organización & administraciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: to analyze the relation between resilience and demographic variables, quality of life and symptoms of depression in elderlies attended at a Geriatric Outpatient Clinic. METHOD: analytical cross-sectional study, conducted with 148 elderlies, with a questionnaire of sociodemographic and health characterization, the Resilience Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Old, and the Center for Epidemiologic Survey - Depression Scale. Descriptive statistics, Student's t-test and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis. RESULTS: there was a positive correlation between resilience and schooling (r = 0.208; p = 0.010), income (r = 0.194; p = 0.017), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Bref (r = 0.242; p = 0.003), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Old (r = 0.522; p <0.001), and negative correlation regarding symptoms of depression (r = -0.270; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Resilience presented relation to schooling, income, quality of life and symptoms of depression in the elderly. These results are expected to help the multidisciplinary team plan actions aimed at developing resilience towards the promotion of health and good quality of life in old age.