RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Association of early pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and maternal gestational weight gain (GWG), and asthma and allergic disease in children is unclear. METHODS: We analyzed data from 3176 mother-child pairs in a prospective birth cohort study. Maternal anthropometric measurements in the first and last antenatal clinic visits were obtained through post-delivery questionnaires to calculate early pregnancy BMI and maternal GWG. Asthma and allergic diseases in children by the age of 5 years was assessed using a validated questionnaire. Furthermore, serum samples were analyzed for IgE antibodies to eight allergens. We applied Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression analyses to estimate the association of early pregnancy BMI and maternal GWG (as continuous variables and categorized into quarters), and asthma, atopic eczema, atopic sensitization, and allergic rhinitis in children. RESULTS: Neither early pregnancy BMI nor maternal GWG was associated with asthma and allergic disease in children when analyzed as continuous variables. However, compared to the first quarter of GWG (a rate <0.32 kg/week), mothers in the third quarter (rate 0.42-0.52 kg/week) had children with significantly higher odds of developing atopic eczema (adjusted OR 1.49, 95% CI [1.13-1.96]) by 5 years of age. CONCLUSION: Association of early pregnancy BMI and maternal GWG, and asthma and allergic disease in children, is inconsistent. High maternal GWG may be associated with increased odds of atopic eczema.
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Asma , Índice de Masa Corporal , Ganancia de Peso Gestacional , Hipersensibilidad , Humanos , Embarazo , Femenino , Asma/epidemiología , Asma/inmunología , Preescolar , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Hipersensibilidad/epidemiología , Hipersensibilidad/inmunología , Adulto , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Lactante , Dermatitis Atópica/epidemiología , Dermatitis Atópica/inmunología , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal/epidemiología , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal/inmunología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estudios de Cohortes , Cohorte de Nacimiento , Recién NacidoAsunto(s)
Proteínas Portadoras , Síndrome de Kounis , Humanos , Adolescente , Síndrome de Kounis/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Kounis/etiología , Proteínas Portadoras/efectos adversos , Proteínas Portadoras/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/inmunología , Femenino , Masculino , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunologíaRESUMEN
As the relationship between the gut microbiome and allergies becomes better understood, targeted strategies to prevent and treat allergies through gut microbiome modulation are being increasingly developed. In the study presented herein, we screened various probiotics for their ability to inhibit mast cell degranulation and identified Lactiplatibacillus plantarum HD02 and MD159 as effective candidates. The two strains significantly attenuated vascular permeability induced by mast cell degranulation in a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) model and, in the MC903-induced murine atopic dermatitis (AD) model, demonstrated comparable preventive effects against allergies, reducing blood levels of MCPT-1 (mast cell protease-1) and total IgE. In the house dust mite (HDM)-induced murine AD model, both L. plantarum HD02 and MD159 showed therapeutic effects, with L. plantarum HD02 demonstrating superior efficacy. Nevertheless, L. plantarum MD159 better suppressed transepidermal water loss (TEWL). Furthermore, L. plantarum HD02 and MD159 significantly increased the number of splenic Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, with L. plantarum MD159 having a more pronounced effect. However, only L. plantarum HD02 achieved a reduction in immune cells in the draining lymph nodes. Our findings highlight L. plantarum HD02 and MD159 as promising candidates for the prevention and treatment of allergies, demonstrating significant efficacy in suppressing mast cell degranulation, reducing the number of allergy biomarkers, and modulating immune responses in experimental models of AD. Their distinct mechanisms of action suggest potential complementary roles in addressing allergic diseases, underscoring their therapeutic promise in clinical applications.
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Degranulación de la Célula , Dermatitis Atópica , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Mastocitos , Probióticos , Animales , Dermatitis Atópica/terapia , Dermatitis Atópica/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatitis Atópica/inmunología , Mastocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Probióticos/farmacología , Ratones , Degranulación de la Célula/efectos de los fármacos , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Lactobacillus plantarum , Pyroglyphidae/inmunología , Anafilaxis Cutánea Pasiva/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Permeabilidad Capilar/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos T Reguladores/inmunología , QuimasasAsunto(s)
Absceso , Inmunoglobulina E , Síndrome de Job , Receptores de Interleucina-6 , Humanos , Síndrome de Job/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Job/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Masculino , Femenino , Absceso/diagnóstico , Receptores de Interleucina-6/inmunología , Niño , Adolescente , PreescolarRESUMEN
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is associated with skin mast cell activation, and its triggering mechanisms are not completely elucidated. Evidence suggests an autoimmune component of CSU. Our aim was to assess the usefulness of an autoimmune mast cell activation test (aiMAT) for diagnosing and differentiating CSU into different subtypes. We enrolled 43 patients with active, uncontrolled CSU before starting treatment with omalizumab and 15 controls. Patients were evaluated based on omalizumab response. aiMATs were performed using non-IgE-sensitized (NS) or myeloma IgE-sensitized (S) LAD2 cells, which were then stimulated with CSU/control sera (25 µL and 10 µL). The expression of CD63 was assessed with flow cytometry. CD63 response on NS-LAD2 was significantly increased in CSU patients compared to controls after the stimulation with 25 µL CSU/control sera (p = 0.0007) and with 10 µL CSU/control sera (p = 0.0001). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82. The cutoff for autoimmune-non-IgE-sensitized-MAT was 40.3% CD63+ LAD2, which resulted in 73.3% sensitivity and 81.4% specificity. CD63 response on S-LAD2 was significantly increased in CSU patients compared to controls after the stimulation with 25 µL CSU/control sera (p = 0.03). The ROC curve analysis demonstrated an AUC of 0.66. The cutoff for the autoimmune-myeloma IgE-sensitized-MAT was 58.4% CD63+ cells, which resulted in 62.8% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity. Overall, 36 out of 43 (84%) patients responded to omalizumab, and 7 (16%) were nonresponders. We found no differences between LAD2 CD63 response and response to omalizumab. In conclusion, aiMAT could represent a new diagnostic tool in CSU. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the potential benefits during omalizumab therapy.
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Urticaria Crónica , Mastocitos , Tetraspanina 30 , Humanos , Urticaria Crónica/diagnóstico , Urticaria Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Urticaria Crónica/inmunología , Urticaria Crónica/sangre , Femenino , Mastocitos/inmunología , Mastocitos/metabolismo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Tetraspanina 30/metabolismo , Omalizumab/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Curva ROC , Estudios de Casos y ControlesRESUMEN
Bronchiolitis is a significant factor contributing to bronchial asthma in infants and young children. After treatment, recurrent wheezing symptoms often occur, especially in children with atopic constitution, who tend to have more severe conditions and poorer prognosis. Therefore, exploring the prognostic value of total serum immunoglobulin E (tIgE) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels in children with atopic constitution who suffer from bronchiolitis is of great significance. A total of 260 children with bronchiolitis admitted to our hospital from October 2020 to June 2022 were regarded as the research subjects with prospective study, according to whether the children had atopic constitution, they were grouped into non atopic constitution group (n = 156) and atopic constitution group (n = 104); after 6 months of treatment, children with atopic constitution were grouped into a good prognosis group (n = 58) and a poor prognosis group (n = 46) based on their prognosis; in addition, 260 healthy children who underwent physical examination and had clinical data consistent with those of children with bronchiolitis were regarded as the reference group. The serum tIgE and FeNO levels of each group were compared; multivariate Logistic regression was applied to analyze the prognostic factors of children with atopic constitution bronchiolitis; ROC curve was applied to analyze the predictive value of tIgE and FeNO levels after treatment for the prognosis of children with atopic constitution bronchiolitis. The tIgE levels in the control group, non-atopic group, and atopic group [(123.54 ± 29.62) IU/mL, (245.71 ± 30.59) IU/mL, (316.46 ± 31.78) IU/mL, respectively] increased sequentially, with statistically significant differences (F = 1766.954, P = 0.000). The FeNO levels in the control group, non-atopic group, and atopic group [(8.36 ± 3.57) ppb, (15.28 ± 3.69) ppb, (19.84 ± 3.58) ppb, respectively] also increased sequentially, with statistically significant differences (F = 765.622, P = 0.000). The tIgE, FeNO, proportion of patients with asthma family history, and proportion of patients with allergic family history in the poor prognosis group were obviously higher than those in the good prognosis group (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that family history of asthma, family history of allergies, tIgE, and FeNO were influencing factors for the prognosis of children with atopic bronchiolitis (P < 0.05). The AUC of the combination of tIgE and FeNO in predicting the prognosis of children with atopic constitutional bronchiolitis was 0.910, with a sensitivity of 78.26% and a specificity of 93.10%, which was superior to the independent prediction of tIgE and FeNO (Zcombined detection-tIgE = 2.442, Zcombined detection-FeNO = 3.080, P = 0.015, 0.002). The levels of tIgE and FeNO in children with atopic constitution bronchiolitis are obviously increased, and the combination of the two has high predictive value for the prognosis of atopic constitution bronchiolitis.
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Bronquiolitis , Inmunoglobulina E , Óxido Nítrico , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Pronóstico , Lactante , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico/sangre , Bronquiolitis/sangre , Bronquiolitis/metabolismo , Estudios Prospectivos , Preescolar , Curva ROC , Biomarcadores/sangreRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with house dust mite (HDM) on pediatric perennial allergic rhinitis (AR) based on longitudinal assessment of nasal symptoms, laboratory examination, and in vivo biomarkers. METHOD: The subjects included 40 children with perennial AR who had SLIT with HDM for 2 years. Nasal symptoms, medications, skin prick tests, nasal provocation tests, and peripheral blood tests were evaluated before, 6 months, one year and two years after the onset of SLIT. RESULTS: Total nasal symptom scores, prick test wheal diameter, and peripheral blood eosinophil count decreased in 6 months. Total nasal symptom scores continued to decrease from 6 months to 2 years. Symptom-medication scores and nasal provocation test responses decreased in 1 year. Symptom-medication scores continued to decline from 1 to 2 years. Medication scores and nasal eosinophilia decreased in 2 years. Serum specific IgE to HDM slightly increased transiently and decreased in 2 years. The severity of symptoms and specific IgE to HDM at the baseline, and changes of symptoms and specific IgE to HDM during the first six months and first one year of SLIT were correlated with improvement in symptom scores over two years of SLUT. TNSS at baseline was correlated with that at second year. CONCLUSION: Longitudinal assessment of symptoms, allergen specific IgE, and in vivo biomarkers showed the effectiveness of SLIT. Symptom scores and allergen specific IgE may also be early predictive factors of SLIT efficacy in children with AR.
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Biomarcadores , Inmunoterapia Sublingual , Humanos , Niño , Biomarcadores/sangre , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Longitudinales , Rinitis Alérgica Perenne/terapia , Rinitis Alérgica Perenne/inmunología , Rinitis Alérgica Perenne/diagnóstico , Pyroglyphidae/inmunología , Animales , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Adolescente , PreescolarRESUMEN
Atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergies are 2 atopic conditions that tend to develop early in life. Their interrelationship has been a topic of controversy and many studies. The presence of atopic dermatitis in infancy and early childhood, particularly if severe, is a risk factor for the development of immunoglobulin E (IgE) -mediated food allergies. While it is common for children with AD to demonstrate extensive sensitization to foods, serum IgE testing is not always indicative of clinical allergy.
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Dermatitis Atópica , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos , Inmunoglobulina E , Humanos , Dermatitis Atópica/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/complicaciones , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Factores de Riesgo , LactanteRESUMEN
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic, non-infectious inflammatory condition of the nasal mucosa mediated by IgE. There is a need for the development of novel medications to treat this ailment. Isoorientin is a naturally occurring flavonoid that possesses antioxidant, anti--inflammatory, and various other advantageous characteristics. However, its potential effects on AR remain unclear. This study evaluates the therapeutic effects of isoorientin on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) in mice and explores the underlying mechanism. Our study revealed that isoorientin administration effectively decreased the frequency of nose rubbing and sneezing in AR mice. The groups treated with isoorientin showed a significant decrease in serum levels of IgE and histamine, with reductions of 40% and 30%, respectively. Isoorientin ameliorated inflammation of the nasal mucosa and restored the Th1/Th2 balance. In addition, isoorientin inhibited the activation of the NF-κB pathway in nasal tissues. In summary, Isoorientin alleviates OVA-stimulated AR in mice by restoring Th1/Th2 balance and blocking the NF-κB pathway. Thus, isoorientin exhibits promise as a natural therapeutic agent for allergic rhinitis.
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Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Inmunoglobulina E , Luteolina , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , FN-kappa B , Mucosa Nasal , Ovalbúmina , Rinitis Alérgica , Balance Th1 - Th2 , Animales , Luteolina/farmacología , Ovalbúmina/inmunología , Ratones , Rinitis Alérgica/inmunología , Rinitis Alérgica/tratamiento farmacológico , Balance Th1 - Th2/efectos de los fármacos , Mucosa Nasal/inmunología , Mucosa Nasal/efectos de los fármacos , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Células Th2/inmunología , Femenino , Humanos , Alérgenos/inmunología , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Transducción de Señal/inmunología , Células TH1/inmunología , Células TH1/efectos de los fármacos , Histamina/metabolismo , Histamina/sangreRESUMEN
Allergic asthma is an important public health problem and is a complicated respiratory sickness that is characterized by bronchial inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and breathlessness. Asthma is orchestrated by type 2 immune response and remodeling is one of the important outputted problem in chronic asthma. Thymol is a naturally occurring monocyclic phenolic, it has a series of biological properties, and its immunomodulatory and anti-remodeling effects on allergic asthma were evaluated. The OVA-LPS-induced asthmatic mice were treated with thymol. Methacholine challenge test, eosinophil count, and levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-33 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, total and OVA-specific IgE levels in serum, remodeling factors, gene expression of TGF-ß, Smad2, Smad3, and lung histopathology were done. Treatment with thymol could control AHR, eosinophil percentage levels of Th2 cytokines and Igs, remodeling factors, expression of TGF-ß, Smad2 and Smad3 genes, inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and mucus production in asthmatic mice. Thymol can control asthma pathogens and related remodeling and fibrosis bio-factors and can be a potential treatment of asthma.
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Remodelación de las Vías Aéreas (Respiratorias) , Asma , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Transducción de Señal , Proteína smad3 , Timol , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta , Animales , Timol/farmacología , Asma/inmunología , Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Remodelación de las Vías Aéreas (Respiratorias)/efectos de los fármacos , Remodelación de las Vías Aéreas (Respiratorias)/inmunología , Proteína smad3/metabolismo , Ratones , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Transducción de Señal/inmunología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Femenino , Ovalbúmina/inmunología , Líquido del Lavado Bronquioalveolar/inmunología , Líquido del Lavado Bronquioalveolar/citología , Eosinófilos/inmunología , Eosinófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Proteína Smad2/metabolismoRESUMEN
Systemic mastocytosis (SM) is a clonal mast cell disorder that can lead to potentially severe anaphylactic reactions. Hymenoptera sting is one of the most frequent triggers of anaphylaxis in these patients, and diagnosis of indolent SM (ISM) without skin involvement (ISMs) is not rare. In this subgroup of patients, venom immunotherapy (VIT) is an effective treatment decreasing subsequent systemic reactions, and lifelong administration is recommended. An individualized diagnosis is necessary to offer the most adequate VIT, and molecular diagnosis (MD) may be useful to discriminate between primary sensitization and cross-reactivity. Nevertheless, other techniques such as ImmunoCAP inhibition assays may be necessary to identify the genuine sensitization to offer the most suitable VIT. We present a male patient with an anaphylactic reaction following several wasp stings. The patient was diagnosed with ISM, and allergy to both Polistes dominula and Vespula sp venom was confirmed. In this scenario, MD did not discriminate between a genuine double sensitization and venom cross-reactivity between both vespids. Thus, CAP-inhibition assay was performed. This case indicated the importance of an accurate diagnosis of hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA). It also highlights the usefulness of CAP-inhibition assays when MD fails to distinguish between genuine double Polistes-Vespula sensitization and cross-reactivity.
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Anafilaxia , Reacciones Cruzadas , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos , Mastocitosis Sistémica , Venenos de Avispas , Avispas , Humanos , Masculino , Venenos de Avispas/inmunología , Mastocitosis Sistémica/diagnóstico , Mastocitosis Sistémica/inmunología , Mastocitosis Sistémica/complicaciones , Animales , Anafilaxia/diagnóstico , Anafilaxia/inmunología , Anafilaxia/etiología , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/inmunología , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/diagnóstico , Mordeduras y Picaduras de Insectos/complicaciones , Avispas/inmunología , Reacciones Cruzadas/inmunología , Desensibilización Inmunológica/métodos , Alérgenos/inmunología , Alérgenos/administración & dosificación , Triptasas/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina E/sangreAsunto(s)
Anafilaxia , Citrus sinensis , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos , Giberelinas , Humanos , Anafilaxia/diagnóstico , Anafilaxia/etiología , Anafilaxia/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/diagnóstico , Citrus sinensis/inmunología , Citrus sinensis/efectos adversos , Giberelinas/efectos adversos , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Proteínas de Plantas/inmunología , Proteínas de Plantas/efectos adversos , Femenino , Masculino , Alérgenos/inmunología , Alérgenos/efectos adversos , Antígenos de Plantas/inmunología , Pruebas CutáneasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This thesis aims to provide patients with a preventive and therapeutic basis by analyzing IgE level influencing factors of common allergens for Allergic Rhinitis (AR). METHOD: Multiple linear regression analysis is made upon questionnaires among 749 cases of AR patients that are divided into 5 age-based groups. Perform serum-specific IgE content testing on patients. RESULTS: Cockroach being an allergen, AR patients' IgE Level is influenced by allergic history, home-raised plants and animals. For AR patients with mugwort as an allergen, allergy and asthma history could increase IgE level, respectively, ß = 4.291 and ß = 4.364. If the allergen turns out to be peanut, allergic history would increase the IgE level (ß = 0.171), however, the level would be lower in female patients compared with male patients (ß = -0.078). For patients with egg as an allergen, allergic history, home-raised plants and animals (pets) would all affect the IgE level, respectively, ß = 0.182, ß = 0.118 and ß = -0.101. CONCLUSIONS: IgE level varies according to allergic history, home-raised plants & animals, gender, furniture renewal, asthma, and ages for patients with different allergens including cockroach, mold, mugwort, peanut, egg and crab. For each kind of allergen, the IgE levels react differently to different influencing factors, thus requiring a thorough analysis of each AR patient's allergen and allergenic factors.
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Alérgenos , Inmunoglobulina E , Rinitis Alérgica , Humanos , Femenino , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Masculino , Alérgenos/inmunología , China/epidemiología , Adulto , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Rinitis Alérgica/inmunología , Rinitis Alérgica/sangre , Animales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Preescolar , Factores Sexuales , Factores de Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , AncianoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cross-reactivity between nonspecific lipid transfer proteins could cause anaphylaxis, further influencing food avoidance and nutrient deficiencies. The one affecting olive pollen (Ole e 7) and peach (Pru p 3) may underlie a variety of pollen-food syndromes, though a deep molecular analysis is necessary. METHODS: Three Ole e 7-monosensitised patients (MON_OLE), three Pru p 3-monosensitised patients (MON_PRU) and three bisensitised patients (BI) were selected. For epitope mapping, both digested proteins were incubated with patient sera, and the captured IgE-bound peptides were characterised by LC-MS. RESULTS: The analysis revealed two Ole e 7 epitopes and the three Pru p 3 epitopes previously described. Interestingly, the "KSALALVGNKV" Ole e 7 peptide was recognised by MON_OLE, BI and MON_PRU patients. Conversely, all patients recognised the "ISASTNCATVK" Pru p 3 peptide. Although complete sequence alignment between both proteins revealed 32.6% identity, local alignment considering seven residue fragments showed 50 and 57% identity when comparing "ISASTNCATVK" with Ole e 7 and "KSALALVGNKV" with Pru p 3. CONCLUSIONS: This study mapped sIgE-Ole e 7-binding epitopes, paving the way for more precise diagnostic tools. Assuming non-significant sequence similarity, structural homology and shared key residues may underlie the potential cross-reactivity between Ole e 7 and Pru p 3 nsLTPs.
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Antígenos de Plantas , Reacciones Cruzadas , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos , Inmunoglobulina E , Olea , Proteínas de Plantas , Polen , Prunus persica , Humanos , Antígenos de Plantas/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/inmunología , Polen/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Olea/inmunología , Proteínas de Plantas/inmunología , Femenino , Masculino , Prunus persica/inmunología , Mapeo Epitopo , Adulto , Rinitis Alérgica Estacional/inmunología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Epítopos/inmunología , Alérgenos/inmunología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proteínas Portadoras/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Atopic diseases, including atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic asthma (AA), are characterized by complex immune responses involving various T cells subsets and their cytokine profiles. It is assumed that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and the Vitamin D-binding protein (GC) gene are related to the action of Vitamin D and, consequently, play a role in regulating the immune response. However, there is not enough data to unequivocally support the hypothesis about the relationship between T cells profile and VDR or GC SNPs. Two hundred sixty-six subjects (aged > 18 years) were involved in the study: 100 patients with mild or moderate AD, 85 patients with mild or moderate AA, and 81 healthy individuals. Blood cell counts were determined by standard methods. Flow cytometric analysis was used to evaluate CD4+ T-helper (Th) cell subtypes: Th2, Th1, Th17, and T regulatory (Treg) cells in peripheral blood. Measurements of cytokines, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), and Vitamin D levels in serum were evaluated by ELISA. Significantly higher levels of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, along with lower levels of Tregs, were found in patients with atopic diseases compared to healthy individuals. Additionally, higher serum levels of interleukin (IL) 5, IL-17A, and transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1), as well as lower levels of IL-10, were observed in patients with atopic diseases than in control. The study established associations between VDR SNPs and immune profiles: the AA genotype of rs731236 was associated with increased Th2 and Th17 cells and a higher Th1/Th2 ratio; the GG genotype of rs731236 was linked to decreased serum IL-10 and TGF-ß1 levels; and the TT genotype of rs11168293 was associated with increased IL-10 levels. Additionally, the GG genotype of GC gene SNP rs4588 was associated with reduced Th2 and Th17 lymphocytes, while the TT genotype of rs4588 was linked to decreased IL-10 levels. Furthermore, the CC genotype of rs7041 was associated with higher levels of Th2, Th17, IL-10, and IL-35, as well as reduced levels of TGF-ß1, while the GG genotype of rs3733359 was associated with reduced IL-10 levels. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the Vitamin D receptor gene single nucleotide polymorphisms rs731236 and rs11168293, along with polymorphisms in the Vitamin D-binding protein gene (rs4588, rs7041, rs3733359), are significantly associated with variations in T cell profiles in atopy. These variations may play a crucial role in promoting inflammation and provide insight into the genetic factors contributing to the pathogenesis of atopy.
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Asma , Dermatitis Atópica , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Receptores de Calcitriol , Proteína de Unión a Vitamina D , Humanos , Receptores de Calcitriol/genética , Proteína de Unión a Vitamina D/genética , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Dermatitis Atópica/genética , Dermatitis Atópica/inmunología , Dermatitis Atópica/sangre , Asma/genética , Asma/inmunología , Asma/sangre , Persona de Mediana Edad , Vitamina D/sangre , Citocinas/sangre , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1/genética , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1/sangre , GenotipoRESUMEN
IgE-mediated food allergy is characterized immunologically by a type 1 immune response triggered upon exposure to specific foods and clinically by a broad range of manifestations and variable severity. Our understanding of food allergy within the allergic march of atopic dermatitis (AD) is still incomplete despite the related risk of unpredictable and potentially severe associated reactions such as anaphylactic shock. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of dupilumab, an IL-4/IL-13 monoclonal antibody approved for AD, on the allergic sensitization profile of patients with AD and type 1 hypersensitivity-related comorbidities, including oral allergy syndrome, anaphylaxis, and gastrointestinal disorders. We conducted an observational pilot study with a longitudinal prospective design, enrolling 20 patients eligible for treatment with dupilumab. Laboratory exams for total serum IgE, specific IgE, and molecular allergen components were performed at baseline and after 16 weeks of therapy. Our results demonstrate a statistically significant decrease in molecular components, specific IgE for trophoallergens, and specific IgE for aeroallergens following treatment with dupilumab. We suggest that modulating type 2 immunity may decrease IgE-mediated responses assessed with laboratory exams and therefore could minimize allergic symptoms in polysensitized patients. Upcoming results of randomized controlled trials investigating dupilumab in food allergy are highly anticipated to confirm its potential effect in the treatment of IgE-mediated food allergies.
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Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados , Dermatitis Atópica , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos , Inmunoglobulina E , Humanos , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados/uso terapéutico , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/inmunología , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/complicaciones , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/sangre , Dermatitis Atópica/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatitis Atópica/inmunología , Dermatitis Atópica/sangre , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Proyectos Piloto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Inmunoglobulina E/inmunología , Estudios Prospectivos , Alérgenos/inmunología , Adulto Joven , Estudios Longitudinales , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Alzheimer disease and allergic diseases are common health problems. The aim of the study was to check the hypothesis that older patients with IgE-mediated allergies have a higher prevalence of Alzheimer disease. It was a retrospective, multicenter cohort observation. In total, 7129 people were examined, including 3566 women and 2558 men (mean 64.9±6.9 y). The diagnosis of Alzheimer disease is based on the ICD-10 code and appropriate medical documentation. The proportion of patients with confirmed Alzheimer disease in the group of patients with diagnosed allergy compared to the group of those without allergy was as follows: 13.9% (168) versus 8.2% (484) with P=0.001. There was a positive correlation between the presence of Alzheimer disease and high serum total IgE, eosinophilia, and asthma or the presence of atopic polymorphic disease (P<0.05). IgE-dependent allergic diseases, in particular allergic asthma, and the presence of high serum IgE levels may favor the development of Alzheimer disease.
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Enfermedad de Alzheimer , Hipersensibilidad , Inmunoglobulina E , Humanos , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hipersensibilidad/epidemiología , Hipersensibilidad/inmunología , Anciano , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
Allergy is a medical condition of frequent occurrence. In the Netherlands approximately 20% of the population has some kind of respiratory allergy, due to pollen and dust mites. The occurrence of allergy on foods, antibiotics, other medications, contrast fluid and insect poison is estimated to be 2% in the adult population. Because of this large and diverse group of allergy triggers it is very likely that physicians, regardless of background or medical specialty, will come across questions regarding allergy at some point in their career. The severity of an allergic reaction can vary, with anaphylaxis as one of the most severe and potentially life-threatening reactions (among DRESS, SJS, TEN and acute FPIES). This article describes the backgrounds of IgE-mediated allergy and anaphylaxis, like pathophysiology, diagnostics and treatment.
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Anafilaxia , Humanos , Anafilaxia/diagnóstico , Anafilaxia/etiología , Anafilaxia/terapia , Hipersensibilidad/diagnóstico , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Exposure to bioaerosols in salmon processing workers is associated with occupational asthma. IgE-mediated allergy and other disease mechanisms may be involved in airway inflammation and obstruction. Knowledge about disease burden, mechanisms, phenotypes and occupational exposure is limited. METHODS: Salmon processing workers referred to our occupational medicine clinic from 2019 to 2024 were included in a patient register. They were investigated in line with current guidelines for the management of occupational asthma, categorised according to diagnostic certainty and characterised with a focus on symptoms, work tasks and clinical findings. RESULTS: A total of 36 patients were included, among whom 27 had typical symptoms of work-related asthma, and 21 were diagnosed with occupational asthma. Among those with occupational asthma, all worked in the filleting or slaughtering area at the time of symptom onset. Median latency from the start of exposure to symptom onset was 4 years. 14 (67%) of the patients with occupational asthma were sensitised to salmon. Three patients were sensitised to salmon skin but not salmon meat. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational asthma among salmon processing workers displays a heterogeneous clinical picture. IgE-mediated inhalation allergy towards various parts of the salmon seems to represent an important pathophysiological mechanism. However, some have occupational asthma with negative allergy tests. A comprehensive workup strategy including early initiation of serial peak expiratory flow and skin prick tests with various parts of the salmon should be considered. Although the incidence remains unknown, the substantial number of cases presented warrant increased efforts to reduce harmful exposure in the salmon processing industry.
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Asma Ocupacional , Industria de Procesamiento de Alimentos , Exposición Profesional , Salmón , Humanos , Asma Ocupacional/etiología , Adulto , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Animales , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Pruebas Cutáneas/métodos , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiologíaRESUMEN
IgE-mediated wheat allergy can take on various forms, including childhood food allergy to wheat, wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis in young adults, baker's respiratory allergy/asthma in workers exposed to wheat flour inhalation, and contact urticaria that is caused by hydrolyzed wheat proteins in some cosmetics, and that is sometimes associated with a food allergy. Singleplex and multiplex immunoassays detect specific IgE antibodies to wheat allergenic molecular biomarkers such as omega-5 gliadin Tri a 19, lipid transfer protein Tri a 14, and alpha-amylase inhibitors. The fluorescence enzyme immunoassay with capsulated cellulose polymer solid-phase coupled allergens is a commonly used singleplex assay. Multiplex methods include the ELISA-based macroarray immunoassay using nano-bead technology and a microarray immunoassay on polymer-coated slides. Another promising diagnostic tool is the basophil activation test performed with omega-5 gliadin and other wheat protein types. Detailed comprehension of the structural and immunological features of the numerous wheat allergens significant in clinical settings is imperative for advancing diagnostic biomarkers for IgE-mediated wheat allergies.