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Background Attenuation coefficient (AC) and shear-wave speed (SWS) are established US markers for assessing patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), while shear-wave dispersion slope (DS) is not. Purpose To assess the relationship between the multiparametric US imaging markers DS, AC, and SWS and liver histopathologic necroinflammation in patients with MASLD. Materials and Methods This international multicenter prospective study enrolled consecutive patients with biopsy-proven MASLD between June 2019 and March 2023. Before biopsy, all participants underwent multiparametric US, and measurements of DS, AC, and SWS were obtained. Multivariable linear regression analyses were performed to assess the association of clinical variables and imaging markers with pathologic findings. The diagnostic performance of imaging markers for determining inflammation grade, steatosis grade, and fibrosis stage was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results A total of 124 participants (mean age, 53 years ± 15 [SD]; 62 males) were evaluated. In multivariable regression, lobular inflammation was associated with DS (regression coefficient, 0.06; P = .02), alanine aminotransferase level (regression coefficient, 0.002; P = .002), and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity (regression coefficient, -0.68; P = .047), while steatosis was associated with AC (regression coefficient, 3.66; P < .001) and fibrosis was associated with SWS (regression coefficient, 2.02; P < .001) and body mass index (regression coefficient, 0.05; P = .02). DS achieved an AUC of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.82) for identifying participants with inflammation grade A2 or higher (moderate to severe inflammation). AC showed excellent performance for identifying participants with grade S1 (mild) or higher steatosis (AUC, 0.92 [95% CI: 0.87, 0.97]), while SWS showed excellent performance for identifying participants with fibrosis stage F2 or higher (clinically significant fibrosis) (AUC, 0.91 [95% CI: 0.86, 0.96]). Of the three US markers, SWS showed the highest AUC (0.81 [95% CI: 0.74, 0.89]) for the diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. Conclusion Of the three US imaging markers (DS, AC, and SWS), DS was most associated with lobular inflammation grade at histologic examination and demonstrated fair diagnostic performance in distinguishing moderate to severe lobular inflammation. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04012242 Published under a CC BY 4.0 license. Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Yin in this issue.
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Hígado Graso , Cirrosis Hepática , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Cirrosis Hepática/diagnóstico por imagen , Hígado Graso/diagnóstico por imagen , Hígado Graso/complicaciones , Ultrasonografía/métodos , Adulto , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Hígado/patología , Anciano , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Biomarcadores/sangreRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Cryptococcus, a genus of fungi, primarily includes Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, both known to cause human infections. Skeletal infections are rare, and there have been no reported cases of bone cryptococcal infection in conjunction with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. SUBJECT AND METHODS: A 56-year-old female presented with a one-month history of "cough and throat irritation." Chest CT revealed scattered small nodules in both lungs,suggestive of metastasis.There was minimal inflammation in both lungs, and scattered lymph nodes were observed in the mediastinum and upper pulmonary hilum. RESULTS: The patient was diagnosed with differentiated thyroid carcinoma complicated by cryptococcal infection. Antifungal treatment with itraconazole 200mg/day was initiated, and after 3 months, clinical symptoms disappeared, with a reduction in lung nodules observed in follow-up chest CT. CONCLUSION: When diagnosing distant metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma, a comprehensive analysis combining imaging studies and serum thyroid globulin plays a complementary role, as illustrated in this case of differentiated thyroid carcinoma concurrent with cryptococcal infection.
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Criptococosis , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , Humanos , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/complicaciones , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Criptococosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Criptococosis/complicaciones , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Inflamación/complicaciones , Granuloma/diagnóstico por imagen , Granuloma/complicaciones , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Hepatobiliary-specific magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (MRI CAs) play a crucial role in the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, only two acyclic CAs, Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA, exhibit unfavorable kinetic inertness. Our study focused on the development of superior stable innovative macrocyclic CAs. By introducing a lipophilic benzyloxy group (OBn) into the H4DOTA ring (Gd-L1), we achieved significant enhancement in kinetic inertness. In vivo experiments in mice demonstrated that 40% of the dosage was distributed to the liver at 5 min, providing sustained hepatic enhancement for over 35 min. We also developed an MPO-responsive MRI CA (Gd-L3), which can participate in the "peroxidase cycle" as the substrate, generating oligomers with a 3.8-fold increase in relaxivity, and selectively enhance the lesion in an acute gout mouse model. Overall, our work represents a significant advancement in the field of hepatic and inflammatory MRI, offering promising avenues for early diagnosis and improved imaging outcomes.
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Medios de Contraste , Hígado , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Compuestos Organometálicos , Medios de Contraste/química , Medios de Contraste/síntesis química , Animales , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Ratones , Compuestos Organometálicos/química , Compuestos Organometálicos/síntesis química , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Hígado/metabolismo , Diseño de Fármacos , Humanos , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico por imagen , Compuestos HeterocíclicosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To assess by [18F]FDG PET/MR the biomarkers of HIV-induced inflammation at baseline and 1â¯year post-antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS: Prospective study, 14 patients, newly diagnosed HIV-positive, asymptomatic. [18F]FDG PET/MRI (PET/MR-3.0T, Signa.GE) whole body and heart was performed, baseline and 1â¯year post-ART. Qualitative vascular assessment (hepatic reference). Quantitative assessment (SUVmax) of the whole body. T1 and T2 value estimation in 16 myocardial segments. RESULTS: Baseline CMR showed in 3 (21.4%) a decreased LVEF, normalising post-TAR. Fibrosis was ruled out (T1), with no signs of myocardial oedema (T2) at baseline or post-TAR. Four (28.6%) showed baseline vascular [18F]FDG uptake, two in ascending thoracic aorta and two in ascending and descending thoracic aorta, normalising post-TAR. All (100%) showed basal lymph-nodes activity; supra (n:14) and infradiaphragmatic (n:13), laterocervical (n:14) and inguinal (n:13), with variable number of territories (9 patients >6;64.3%). Post-ART, 7 patients (50%) showed resolution and the other 7 reduction in extension (0 patients >5): 7 supra (100%) and 2 infradiaphragmatic (28.6%), 5 in the axilla and 2 in the groin. All (100%) had persistent basal adenoid uptake post-ART, 9 (64.3%) splenic all resolved post-ART and 7 (50.5%) gastric, persistent 3 post-ART. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiovascular biomarkers by [18F]FDG PET/MR have shown baseline 28.6% of patients with large vessel activity and 21.4% with low LVEF, normalising post-ART. Inflammatory/immune biomarkers showed baseline activity in 100% of lymph-nodes, 100% adenoids, 64.3% splenic and 50.5% gastric. Post-TAR the reduction was 50% lymph-nodes, 0% adenoid, 100% splenic and 57.1% gastric.
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Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Infecciones por VIH , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Imagen Multimodal , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Radiofármacos , Humanos , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18/farmacocinética , Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico por imagen , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por VIH/inmunología , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones/métodos , Adulto , Femenino , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Imagen Multimodal/métodos , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Inflamación/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Ultrasound, a high-frequency mechanical wave with excellent tissue penetration, has been widely applied in medical diagnostic imaging. Furthermore, it has been reported that ultrasound has broad prospects for extensive applications in the field of disease treatment in recent years due to its non-invasiveness and high efficiency. Ultrasound-responsive nanomaterials have the unique advantages of a small size and a high reactivity. Such materials have the capability for precision control of drug release under ultrasound stimulation, which provides a new approach to enhancing the efficiency of drug therapy. Therefore, these materials have attracted the attention of a wide range of scholars. Inflammation is a defensive response produced by organisms to deal with injuries. However, excessive inflammatory response may lead to various tissue damages in organisms and even endanger patients' lives. Many studies have demonstrated that limiting the inflammatory response using ultrasound-responsive nanomaterials is a viable way of treating diseases. Currently, there are still challenges in the application of ultrasound-responsive nanomaterials in anti-inflammatory therapy. The design and synthesis process of nanomaterials is complicated, and further verification of the biocompatibility and safety of these materials is needed. Therefore, in this review, we summarized and classified common ultrasound-responsive nanomaterials in the field of anti-inflammation and systematically introduced the properties of different nanomaterials. In addition, the anti-inflammatory applications of ultrasound-responsive nanomaterials in various diseases, such as bone diseases, skin and muscle diseases, autoimmune diseases, and respiratory diseases, are also described in detail. It is expected that this review will provide insights for further research and clinical applications in the realms of precision treatment, targeted drug delivery, and clinical trial validation of ultrasound-responsive nanomaterials used in anti-inflammatory therapies.
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Antiinflamatorios , Inflamación , Nanoestructuras , Nanoestructuras/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Ondas Ultrasónicas , Terapia por Ultrasonido/métodos , AnimalesRESUMEN
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy is an atypical parkinsonism based on tauopathic pathology. Growing interest is associated with the pathomechanism of this disease. Among theories analyzing this issue can be mentioned the one highlighting the significance of inflammation. In this study authors examined 14 patients with PSP-Richardson syndrome (PSP-RS) and 13 healthy volunteers using laboratory testing based on the analysis of interleukins 1 and 6 (IL-1 and IL-6), tau in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and non-specific parameters of peripheral inflammation in the serum (IL-1, IL-6, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets and the ratios based on the factors). All of the patients underwent neuroimaging using magnetic resonance imaging using 3 Tesla. The serum levels of IL-1 were positively correlated with the area of the mesencephalon, suggesting that higher levels of IL-1 are not linked with atrophic changes in this region, whereas serum levels IL-6 was positively correlated with frontal horn width and negatively correlated with superior cerebellar area. Additionally IL-6 in the serum was found to be correlated with neutrophil-to-high density lipoprotein ratio. The observations were not confirmed in the analysis of the levels of interleukins in the CSF. To the best of our knowledge this work is one of the first analyzing this issue. The outcome of the work shows that the role of interleukins associated with microglial activation may possibly differ in the context of neurodegenerative changes, moreover the role of peripheral inflammation in PSP requires further analysis.
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Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Parálisis Supranuclear Progresiva , Humanos , Parálisis Supranuclear Progresiva/diagnóstico por imagen , Parálisis Supranuclear Progresiva/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Parálisis Supranuclear Progresiva/sangre , Masculino , Proyectos Piloto , Femenino , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neuroimagen/métodos , Proteínas tau/sangre , Proteínas tau/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Biomarcadores/sangre , Interleucina-6/sangre , Interleucina-6/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Interleucina-1/sangre , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Differentiating between degenerative disc disease (DDD), diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) represents a diagnostic challenge in patients with low back pain (LBP). We aimed to evaluate the distribution of inflammatory and degenerative imaging features in a real-life cohort of LBP patients referred to a tertiary university rheumatology center. METHODS: In a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of patients referred for LBP, demographics, symptom information, and available imaging were collected. SpA-like changes were considered in the spine in the presence of one of the following lesions typically related to SpA: erosions, sclerosis, squaring, and syndesmophytes on conventional radiographs (CR) and bone marrow oedema (BMO), erosions, sclerosis, and fat lesions (FL) on MRI. SIJ CR were graded per New York criteria; on MRIs, SIJs were evaluated by quadrant for BMO, erosions, FL, sclerosis and ankylosis, similar to the approach used by the Berlin SIJ MRI scoring system. The final diagnosis made by the rheumatologist was the gold standard. Data were presented descriptively, by patient and by quadrant, and compared among the three diagnosis groups. RESULTS: Among 136 referred patients, 71 had DDD, 38 DISH, and 27 axSpA; median age 62 years [IQR55-73], 63% males. On CR, SpA-like changes were significantly higher in axSpA in the lumbar (50%, vs. DDD 23%, DISH 22%), in DISH in the thoracic (28%, vs. DDD 8%, axSpA 12%), and in DDD in the cervical spine (67% vs. DISH 0%, axSpA 33%). On MRI, BMO was significantly higher in DISH in the thoracic (37%, vs. DDD 22%, axSpA 5%) and equally distributed in the lumbar spine (35-42%). FL were significantly more frequently identified in DISH and axSpA in the thoracic (56% and 52%) and DDD and axSpA in the lumbar spine (65% and 74%, respectively). Degenerative changes were frequent in the three groups. Sacroiliitis (NY criteria) was identified in 49% (axSpA 76%, DDD 48%, DISH 29%). CONCLUSION: A significant overlap was found among DDD, DISH, and axSpA for inflammatory and degenerative imaging features. Particularly, SpA-like spine CR features were found in one-fourth of patients with DISH, and MRI BMO was found in one-third of those patients.
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Espondiloartritis Axial , Hiperostosis Esquelética Difusa Idiopática , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Humanos , Masculino , Hiperostosis Esquelética Difusa Idiopática/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estudios Transversales , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Degeneración del Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Espondiloartritis Axial/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios de Cohortes , Adulto , Anciano , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/diagnóstico por imagen , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/etiología , Radiografía/métodos , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Espondiloartritis/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: We aim to assess the early use of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) using the computed tomography severity index (CTSI) in prognosis prediction. The CTSI combines quantification of pancreatic and extrapancreatic inflammation with the extent of pancreatic necrosis. METHODS: Post-hoc retrospective analysis of a large, multicentric database (44 institutions) of SAP patients in Japan. The area under the curve (AUC) of the CTSI for predicting mortality and the odds ratio (OR) of the extent of pancreatic inflammation and necrosis were calculated using multivariable analysis. RESULTS: In total, 1097 patients were included. The AUC of the CTSI for mortality was 0.65 (95 % confidence interval [CI:] [0.59-0.70]; p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, necrosis 30-50 % and >50 % in low-enhanced pancreatic parenchyma (LEPP) was independently associated with a significant increase in mortality, with OR 2.04 and 95 % CI 1.01-4.12 (P < 0.05) and OR 3.88 and 95 % CI 2.04-7.40 (P < 0.001), respectively. However, the extent of pancreatic inflammation was not associated with mortality, regardless of severity. CONCLUSIONS: The degree of necrosis in LEPP assessed using early CECT of SAP was a better predictor of mortality than the extent of pancreatic inflammation.
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Medios de Contraste , Necrosis , Páncreas , Pancreatitis , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Pancreatitis/diagnóstico por imagen , Pancreatitis/patología , Pancreatitis/mortalidad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Páncreas/diagnóstico por imagen , Páncreas/patología , Estudios de Cohortes , Pronóstico , Adulto , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Japón/epidemiología , Pancreatitis Aguda Necrotizante/diagnóstico por imagen , Pancreatitis Aguda Necrotizante/mortalidad , Pancreatitis Aguda Necrotizante/patologíaRESUMEN
Entheses have the challenging task of transferring biomechanical forces between tendon and bone, two tissues that differ greatly in composition and mechanical properties. Consequently, entheses are adapted to withstand these forces through continuous repair mechanisms. Locally specialized cells (mechanosensitive tenocytes) are crucial in the repair, physiologically triggering biochemical processes to maintain hemostasis. When repetitive forces cause "material fatigue," or trauma exceeds the entheses' repair capacity, structural changes occur, and patients become symptomatic. Clinical assessment of enthesopathies mainly depends on subjective reports by the patient and lacks specificity, especially in patients with central sensitization syndromes. Ultrasonography has been increasingly used to improve the diagnosis of enthesopathies. In this article, the literature on how biomechanical forces lead to entheseal inflammation, including factors contributing to differentiation into a "clinical enthesitis" state and the value of ultrasound to diagnose enthesopathies will be reviewed, as well as providing clues to overcome the pitfalls of imaging.
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Entesopatía , Inflamación , Ultrasonografía , Humanos , Entesopatía/fisiopatología , Entesopatía/diagnóstico por imagen , Inflamación/fisiopatología , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Tendones/fisiopatología , Tendones/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Define the prevalence and location of inflammatory and structural lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) with neck pain as leading clinical symptom. METHODS: Patients with diagnosis of RA and r-axSpA were consecutively included if they had chronic (> 3 months) neck pain. Clinical assessment, neck pain questionnaires and MRIs of the cervical spine (CS) were performed. RESULTS: 107 patients (59 RA and 48 r-axSpA) were included. While there was no difference in the Northwick-Park-Neck-Pain-questionnaire, patients with RA reported higher neck pain compared to r-axSpA on a numeric rating scale (5.0 ± 3.6 vs. 3.0 ± 3.1; p = 0.003). Inflammatory lesions occurred predominantly in the craniocervical area in RA and in the lower CS segments in r-axSpA. Bone marrow edema (BME) was more frequent in axSpA (BME-score axSpA/RA: 0.35vs0.17; p < 0.001) while synovitis was visible in both but was more prevalent in RA (synovitis-score axSpA/RA: 0.02vs0.1; p < 0.001). BME was found in 8 (13.6%) vertebral corner vs. 9 (18.8%), in 2 (3.4%) facet joints vs. 7 (14.6%) and in 1 (1.7%) spinous processes vs. 9 (18.8%) in patients with RA/r-axSpA. In contrast, more patients with RA (30.5% vs6.3%) showed erosive osteochondrosis with endplate BME (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: While involvement of upper cervical inflammation was typically present in RA, r-axSpA patients showed more BME in lower CS segments, vertebral corners, facet joints and spinous processes. Neck pain is linked to upper and lower inflammatory and structural lesions of the CS in both diseases.
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Artritis Reumatoide , Espondiloartritis Axial , Dolor Crónico , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Dolor de Cuello , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Artritis Reumatoide/diagnóstico por imagen , Artritis Reumatoide/complicaciones , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Dolor de Cuello/diagnóstico por imagen , Dolor de Cuello/epidemiología , Dolor de Cuello/etiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Adulto , Dolor Crónico/diagnóstico por imagen , Dolor Crónico/etiología , Dolor Crónico/epidemiología , Espondiloartritis Axial/diagnóstico por imagen , Espondiloartritis Axial/epidemiología , Vértebras Cervicales/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía/métodos , Anciano , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Espondiloartritis/diagnóstico por imagen , Espondiloartritis/complicacionesRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To predict severe inflammatory response after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (RC) patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics models. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who underwent radical surgery for RC cancer after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy between July 2017 and December 2019 at XXX Hospital. MRI radiomics features were extracted from T2WI images before (pre-nRCT-RF) and after (post-nRCT-RF) neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy, and the variation of radiomics features before and after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (delta-RF) were calculated. Eight, eight, and five most relevant features were identified for pre-nRCT-RF, post-nRCT-RF, and delta-RF, respectively. RESULTS: Eighty-six patients were included and randomized 3:1 to the training and test set (n = 65 and n = 21, respectively). The prediction model based on delta-RF had areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.80 and 0.85 in the training and test set, respectively. A higher rate of difficult operations was observed in patients with severe inflammation (65.5% vs. 42.9%, P = 0.045). CONCLUSION: The prediction model based on MRI delta-RF may be a useful tool for predicting severe inflammatory response after neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in locally advanced RC patients.
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Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Terapia Neoadyuvante , Neoplasias del Recto , Humanos , Neoplasias del Recto/terapia , Neoplasias del Recto/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Quimioradioterapia , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Adulto , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Resultado del Tratamiento , RadiómicaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: This study aims to develop a novel prediction model and risk stratification system that could accurately predict progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS: Herein, we included 106 individuals diagnosed with NPC, who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT scanning before treatment. They were divided into training (n = 76) and validation (n = 30) sets. The prediction model was constructed based on multivariate Cox regression analysis results and its predictive performance was evaluated. Risk factor stratification was performed based on the nomogram scores of each case, and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to evaluate the model's discriminative ability for high- and low-risk groups. RESULTS: Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that N stage, M stage, SUVmax, MTV, HI, and SIRI were independent factors affecting the prognosis of patients with NPC. In the training set, the model considerably outperformed the TNM stage in predicting PFS (AUCs of 0.931 vs. 0.841, 0.892 vs. 0.785, and 0.892 vs. 0.804 at 1-3 years, respectively). The calibration plots showed good agreement between actual observations and model predictions. The DCA curves further justified the effectiveness of the model in clinical practice. Between high- and low-risk group, 3-year PFS rates were significantly different (high- vs. low-risk group: 62.8% vs. 9.8%, p < 0.001). Adjuvant chemotherapy was also effective for prolonging survival in high-risk patients (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Herein, a novel prediction model was successfully developed and validated to improve the accuracy of prognostic prediction for patients with NPC, with the aim of facilitating personalized treatment.
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Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Tomografía Computarizada por Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Humanos , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/patología , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patología , Pronóstico , Adulto , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Medicina de Precisión , Anciano , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Visual assessment, while the primary method for pigmentation and erythema evaluation in clinical practice, is subjective, time-consuming, and may lead to variability in observations among clinicians. Objective and quantitative techniques are required for a precise evaluation of the disease's severity and the treatment's efficacy. This research examines the precision and utility of a newly developed skin imaging system in assessing pigmentation and erythema. Sixty participants were recruited, and their facial images were analyzed with the new OBSERV 520 x skin imaging system, compared to DERMACATCH for regional analysis and VISIA for full-face examination. The degree of skin pigmentation was clinically graded using the MASI scores evaluated by dermatologists. The data revealed positive correlations between the novel skin imaging system and the two conventional instruments in quantifying pigmentation and erythema, whether in regional or full-face analysis. Furthermore, the new skin imaging system positively correlated with the clinical MASI scores (r = 0.4314, P < 0.01). In contrast, our study found no significant correlation between the traditional system and clinical assessment, indicating a more substantial capacity for hyperpigmentation assessment in the new system. Our study validates the innovative skin imaging system's accuracy in evaluating pigmentation and erythema, demonstrating its feasibility for quantitative evaluation in both clinical and research purposes.
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Eritema , Cara , Pigmentación de la Piel , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Eritema/diagnóstico por imagen , Cara/diagnóstico por imagen , Persona de Mediana Edad , Piel/diagnóstico por imagen , Piel/patología , Adulto Joven , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Anciano , Trastornos de la Pigmentación/diagnóstico por imagen , Trastornos de la Pigmentación/diagnóstico , Hiperpigmentación/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Concepts of multiple sclerosis (MS) biology continue to evolve, with observations such as "progression independent of disease activity" challenging traditional phenotypic categorization. Iron-sensitive, susceptibility-based imaging techniques are emerging as highly translatable MR imaging sequences that allow for visualization of at least 2 clinically useful biomarkers: the central vein sign and the paramagnetic rim lesion (PRL). Both biomarkers demonstrate high specificity in the discrimination of MS from other mimics and can be seen at 1.5 T and 3 T field strengths. Additionally, PRLs represent a subset of chronic active lesions engaged in "smoldering" compartmentalized inflammation behind an intact blood-brain barrier.
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Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Esclerosis Múltiple , Humanos , Esclerosis Múltiple/diagnóstico por imagen , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagen , Biomarcadores , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , Neuroimagen/métodos , Venas Cerebrales/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is considered a marker of papillar Fethicy thyroid cancer (PTC) progression and has a potential impact on the prognosis of PTC. The purpose of this study was to screen for predictors of CLNM in PTC and to construct a predictive model to guide the surgical approach in patients with PTC. METHODS: This is a retrospective study. Preoperative dual-energy computed tomography images of 114 patients with pathologically confirmed PTC between July 2019 and April 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The dual-energy computed tomography parameters [iodine concentration (IC), normalized iodine concentration (NIC), the slope of energy spectrum curve (λHU)] of the venous stage cancer foci were measured and calculated. The independent influencing factors for predicting CLNM were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the prediction models were constructed. The clinical benefits of the model were evaluated using decision curves, calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS: The statistical results show that NIC, derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), gender, and tumor diameter were independent predictors of CLNM in PTC. The AUC of the nomogram was .898 (95% CI: .829-.966), and the calibration curve and decision curve showed that the prediction model had good predictive effect and clinical benefit, respectively. CONCLUSION: The nomogram constructed based on dual-energy CT parameters and inflammatory prognostic indicators has high clinical value in predicting CLNM in PTC patients.
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Metástasis Linfática , Cáncer Papilar Tiroideo , Neoplasias de la Tiroides , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Metástasis Linfática/diagnóstico por imagen , Metástasis Linfática/patología , Cáncer Papilar Tiroideo/patología , Cáncer Papilar Tiroideo/diagnóstico por imagen , Cáncer Papilar Tiroideo/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Adulto , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/diagnóstico por imagen , Nomogramas , Cuello/diagnóstico por imagen , Cuello/patología , Ganglios Linfáticos/patología , Ganglios Linfáticos/diagnóstico por imagen , Pronóstico , Anciano , Inflamación/patología , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Background: Currently, there is a lack of an objective quantitative measure to comprehensively evaluate the inflammatory activity of axSpA, which poses certain challenges in accurately assessing the disease activity. Objective: To explore the value of combined-parameter models of sacroiliac joints (SIJs) MRI relaxometry and peripheral blood Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in evaluating the inflammatory activity of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Methods: This retrospective clinical study included 88 axSpA patients (median age 31.0 (22.0, 41.8) years, 21.6% females) and 20 controls (median age 28.0 (20.5, 49.5) years, 40.0% females). The axSpA group was classified into active subgroup (n=50) and inactive subgroup (n=38) based on ASDAS-CRP. All participants underwent SIJs MRI examination including T1 and T2* mapping, and peripheral blood flow cytometry analysis of MAIT cells (defined as CD3+Vα7.2+CD161+) and their activation markers (CD69). The T1 and T2* values, as were the percentages of MAIT cells and CD69+MAIT cells were compared between different groups. Combined-parameter models were established using logistic regression, and ROC curves were employed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Results: The T1 values of SIJs and %CD69+MAIT cells in the axSpA group and its subgroup were higher than the control group (p<0.05), while %MAIT cells were lower than the control group (p<0.05). The T1 values and %CD69+MAIT cells correlated positively, while %MAIT cells correlated negatively, with the ASDAS-CRP (r=0.555, 0.524, -0.357, p<0.001). Between the control and axSpA groups, and between the inactive and active subgroups, the combined-parameter model T1 mapping+%CD69+MAIT cells has the best efficacy (AUC=0.959, 0.879, sensibility=88.6, 70%, specificity=95.0, 94.7%, respectively). Conclusion: The combined-parameter model T1 mapping+%CD69+MAIT cells allows a more accurate evaluation of the level of inflammatory activity.
Asunto(s)
Espondiloartritis Axial , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Células T Invariantes Asociadas a Mucosa , Humanos , Femenino , Células T Invariantes Asociadas a Mucosa/inmunología , Masculino , Adulto , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Espondiloartritis Axial/diagnóstico por imagen , Espondiloartritis Axial/inmunología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Articulación Sacroiliaca/diagnóstico por imagen , Articulación Sacroiliaca/patología , Inflamación/inmunología , Inflamación/diagnóstico por imagen , BiomarcadoresRESUMEN
Increasing evidence suggests a role of neuroinflammation in substance use disorders (SUDs). This Review presents findings from neuroimaging studies assessing brain markers of inflammation in vivo in individuals with SUDs. Most studies investigated the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) using PET; neuroimmune markers myo-inositol, choline-containing compounds, and N-acetyl aspartate using magnetic resonance spectroscopy; and fractional anisotropy using MRI. Study findings have contributed to a greater understanding of neuroimmune function in the pathophysiology of SUDs, including its temporal dynamics (i.e., acute versus chronic substance use) and new targets for SUD treatment.