RESUMEN
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has better survival outcomes compared to non-HPV-related OPSCC, leading to efforts to de-escalate the intensity of treatment to reduce associated morbidity. This article reviews recent clinical efforts to explore different de-escalation frameworks with a particular emphasis on the emergence of transoral robotic surgery and surgically driven de-escalation approaches. It discusses the current evidence for incorporating surgery into an evolving treatment paradigm for HPV-related OPSCC.
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Neoplasias Orofaríngeas , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados , Humanos , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/métodos , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/cirugía , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/cirugía , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologíaRESUMEN
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), a heterogeneous group of cancers that arise from the mucosal epithelia cells in the head and neck areas, present great challenges in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis due to their complex aetiology and various clinical manifestations. Several factors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, oncogenic genes, growth factors, EpsteinBarr virus and human papillomavirus infections can contribute to HNSCC development. The unpredictable tumour microenvironment adds to the complexity of managing HNSCC. Despite significant advances in therapies, the prediction of outcome after treatment for patients with HNSCC remains poor, and the 5year overall survival rate is low due to late diagnosis. Early detection greatly increases the chances of successful treatment. The present review aimed to bring together the latest findings related to the molecular mechanisms of HNSCC carcinogenesis and progression. Comprehensive genomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, microbiome and proteomic analyses allow researchers to identify important biological markers such as genetic alterations, gene expression signatures and protein markers that drive HNSCC tumours. These biomarkers associated with the stages of initiation, progression and metastasis of cancer are useful in the management of patients with cancer in order to improve their life expectancy and quality of life.
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Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello , Humanos , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/virología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/genética , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/virología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/genética , Microambiente Tumoral , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Carcinogénesis/genética , Pronóstico , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/genética , Transformación Celular Neoplásica/metabolismo , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/patologíaRESUMEN
Background: Microbial community dynamics have been involved in numerous diseases, including cancer. The diversity of intertumoral microbiota in human papillomavirus independent endocervical adenocarcinoma (HPVI ECA) is not well-characterized. Objective: Our objective is to delineate the intratumoral microbiota profile in HPVI ECA and investigate its potential influence on oncogenesis. Methods: We analyzed 45 HPVI ECA cases, comprising 36 gastric-type ECA (GEA) and 9 clear cell carcinomas (CCC). We compared the microbial composition within cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissue samples using 5R-16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. Further, we investigated the correlation between specific microbes and clinical-pathological metrics as well as patient outcomes. Results: Our findings demonstrate notable differences in the microbial spectra between cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues. Amongst HPVI ECA subtypes, GEAs exhibit more microbial variations compared to CCCs. Using the Random Forest algorithm, we identified two distinct microbial signatures that could act as predictive biomarkers for HPVI ECA and differentiate between GEA and CCC. Varied microbial abundances was related to clinical characteristics of HPVI ECA patients. In addition, high levels of Micrococcus and low levels of unknown genus75 from the Comamonadaceae family were associated with poorer outcomes in HPVI ECA patients. Similarly, an abundance of Microbacterium correlated with reduced overall survival (OS), and a high presence of Streptococcaceae family microbes was linked to reduced recurrence-free survival (RFS) in GEA patients. Intriguingly, a high abundance of Micrococcus was also associated with a worse OS in GEA patients. Conclusion: The study reveals distinct microbial signatures in HPVI ECA, which have potential as biomarkers for disease prognosis. The correlation between these tumor-associated microbiota features and clinicopathological characteristics underscores the possibility of microbiome-based interventions. Our research provides a foundation for more in-depth studies into the cervical microbiome's role in HPVI ECA.
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Adenocarcinoma , Microbiota , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/microbiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/virología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/diagnóstico , Microbiota/genética , Adenocarcinoma/microbiología , Adenocarcinoma/virología , Pronóstico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Anciano , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Bacterias/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/microbiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/diagnósticoRESUMEN
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and herpesviruses are detected in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We sought to analyze the prevalence of HPV's 16 and 18, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in peripheral blood, ovarian, and fallopian tube (FT) tissue samples collected from 97 EOC patients, including 71 cases of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), and from 60 women with other tumors or non-neoplastic gynecological diseases. DNA isolates were analyzed by PCR methods, including droplet digital PCR. The results demonstrate that (1) HPV16 DNA has been detected in one-third of the FT and tumor samples from EOCs; (2) the prevalence and quantity of HPV16 DNA were significantly higher in FT samples from HGSOCs, non-HGSOCs, and ovarian metastases than in those from non-neoplastic diseases; (3) CMV and EBV have been detected in approximately one-seventh of EOC samples. The results suggest that HPV16 might be a potential risk factor for EOC development.
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Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario , Trompas Uterinas , Papillomavirus Humano 16 , Neoplasias Ováricas , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Humanos , Femenino , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Factores de Riesgo , Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario/virología , Carcinoma Epitelial de Ovario/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Trompas Uterinas/virología , Trompas Uterinas/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Papillomavirus Humano 16/genética , Papillomavirus Humano 16/aislamiento & purificación , Neoplasias Ováricas/virología , Neoplasias Ováricas/patología , Herpesvirus Humano 4/aislamiento & purificación , Herpesvirus Humano 4/genética , Citomegalovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Citomegalovirus/genética , ADN Viral/genéticaRESUMEN
Objective: Patients with pathogenic variants in the GATA Binding Protein 2 (GATA2), a hematopoietic transcription factor, are at risk for human papillomavirus-related (HPV) anogenital cancer at younger than expected ages. A female cohort with GATA2 haploinsufficiency was systematically assessed by two gynecologists to characterize the extent and severity of anogenital HPV disease, which was also compared with affected males. Methods: A 17-year retrospective review of medical records, including laboratory, histopathology and cytopathology records was performed for patients diagnosed with GATA2 haploinsufficiency followed at the National Institutes of Health. Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney U test or Fisher's exact test were used to compare differences in continuous or categorical variables, respectively. Spearman's rho coefficient was employed for correlations. Results: Of 68 patients with GATA2 haploinsufficiency, HPV disease was the initial manifestation in 27 (40%). HPV occurred at median 18.9 (15.2-26.2) years in females, and 25.6 (23.4-26.9) years in males. Fifty-two (76%), 27 females and 25 males, developed HPV-related squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) including two males with oral cancer. Twenty-one patients developed anogenital high-grade SIL (HSIL) or carcinoma (16 females versus 5 males, (59% versus 20%, respectively, p=0.005) at median 27 (18.6-59.3) years for females and 33 (16.5-40.1) years for males. Females were more likely than males to require >2 surgeries to treat recurrent HSIL (p=0.0009). Of 30 patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) to manage disease arising from GATA2 haploinsufficiency, 12 (nine females, three males) had persistent HSIL/HPV disease. Of these nine females, eight underwent peri-transplant surgical treatment of HSIL. Five of seven who survived post-HSCT received HPV vaccination and had no or minimal evidence of HPV disease 2 years post-HSCT. HPV disease persisted in two receiving immunosuppression. HPV disease/low SIL (LSIL) resolved in all three males. Conclusion: Females with GATA2 haploinsufficiency exhibit a heightened risk of recurrent, multifocal anogenital HSIL requiring frequent surveillance and multiple treatments. GATA2 haploinsufficiency must be considered in a female with extensive, multifocal genital HSIL unresponsive to multiple surgeries. This population may benefit from early intervention like HSCT accompanied by continued, enhanced surveillance and treatment by gynecologic oncologists and gynecologists in those with anogenital HPV disease.
Asunto(s)
Deficiencia GATA2 , Factor de Transcripción GATA2 , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Humanos , Femenino , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Adulto , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Deficiencia GATA2/genética , Adolescente , Factor de Transcripción GATA2/genética , Factor de Transcripción GATA2/deficiencia , Adulto Joven , Neoplasias de los Genitales Femeninos/genética , Neoplasias de los Genitales Femeninos/virología , Neoplasias del Ano/genética , Neoplasias del Ano/etiología , Neoplasias del Ano/virología , Haploinsuficiencia , Papillomaviridae/genética , Virus del Papiloma HumanoRESUMEN
Mohs micrographic surgery is the gold standard for treating many types of skin cancer, particularly skin cancers of high-risk areas such as the face, genitalia, and digits, due to its tissue-sparing technique and low recurrence rates. The use of Mohs micrographic surgery for human papilloma virus-associated cutaneous malignancies has yet to be explored in a systematic review. The authors sought to assess outcomes including recurrence rates of Mohs micrographic surgery for human papilloma virus-associated cutaneous malignancies. PubMed was searched for the use of Mohs micrographic surgery in types of human papilloma virus-associated cutaneous malignancies. After application of exclusion and inclusion criteria, 33 articles were included. 700 cases from 33 studies were included. Overall recurrence rate following Mohs micrographic surgery was 39/478 (8.2%) at a mean follow-up time of 51.5 months. Recurrence rate for nail unit/digit squamous cell carcinoma was 10/103 (9.7%) at mean follow-up of 47.6 months. Recurrence rate for penile squamous cell carcinoma was 15/181 (8.3%) at mean follow-up of 45.9 months. Recurrence rate for Bowen's disease in extragenital areas was 11/189 (5.9%) at mean follow-up of 59.7 months. Patients overall reported satisfactory functional and cosmetic results. Mohs micrographic surgery demonstrates low recurrence rates and excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes in the treatment of human papilloma virus-associated cutaneous malignancies.
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Cirugía de Mohs , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias Cutáneas , Humanos , Cirugía de Mohs/métodos , Neoplasias Cutáneas/cirugía , Neoplasias Cutáneas/virología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/epidemiología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/cirugía , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirugía , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Masculino , Resultado del Tratamiento , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedad de Bowen/cirugía , Enfermedad de Bowen/virología , Virus del Papiloma HumanoRESUMEN
The optimal treatment of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) is currently a subject of clinical research. This questionnaire study investigated current trends in the treatment of HPV-associated (HPV+) OPC in Slovakia with the incorporation of deintensification of oncological treatment into routine clinical practice outside of clinical trials. The Slovak Cooperative Head and Neck Cancer Group (SCHNCG) developed a questionnaire aimed at identifying trends in the oncological treatment of HPV+ OPC intended for all radiation oncology (RO) facilities in Slovakia. Specialists in the field of RO responded to general questions about the character of their individual institutions as well as to 4 theoretical clinical scenarios (case reports) regarding the treatment of HPV+ OPC, focusing primarily on the applied dose of radiotherapy (RT), the extent of target volumes, and the type of concurrent chemotherapy (CHT). The questionnaire study involved 35 RO specialists from 14 institutions in Slovakia. Regarding primary chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in T1N1M0 HPV+ OPC, 16 respondents (45.7%) would consider de-escalation of the RT dose to <70 Gy. In the case of postoperative RT in pT1pN1M0 HPV+ OPC with negative resection margins (R0) and absent extracapsular extension (ECE), 4 physicians (11.4%) would consider de-escalation of the RT dose to <60 Gy in the tumor bed area, while the majority of the treating specialists (n=19, 54.3%) would omit concurrent CHT. In the case of primary RT in elderly patient with T2N1M0 HPV+ OPC, the same number of physicians (n=16, 45.7%) would consider de-escalation of the RT dose to <70 Gy, and 14 respondents (40.0%) would completely omit CHT. In a high-risk patient with T2N3M0 HPV+ OPC with a complete response after 3 cycles of induction chemotherapy (iCHT), none of the respondents would indicate a reduction in the RT dose to the area of the original tumor and lymphadenopathy to <60 Gy. The doses and extent of irradiated volumes in the treatment of HPV+ OPC in Slovakia vary among different institutions. The tendency to de-escalate RT doses and reduce doses of concurrent systemic therapy in Slovakia is high and there was also an observed trend to reduce the extent of radiation treatment fields.
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Quimioradioterapia , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Humanos , Eslovaquia/epidemiología , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/virología , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/terapia , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/terapia , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Masculino , Papillomaviridae , Femenino , Virus del Papiloma HumanoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: HPV status in a subset of HNSCC is linked with distinct treatment outcomes. Present investigation aims to elucidate the distinct clinicopathological features of HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC and investigate their association with the HNSCC patient survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The total RNA of exosomes from HPV-positive (93VU147T) and HPV-negative (OCT-1) HNSCC cells was isolated, and the transcripts were estimated using Illumina HiSeq X. The expression of altered transcripts and their clinical relevance were further analyzed using publicly available cancer transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RESULTS: Transcriptomic analyses identified 3785 differentially exported transcripts (DETs) in HPV-positive exosomes compared to HPV-negative exosomes. DETs that regulate the protein machinery, cellular redox potential, and various neurological disorder-related pathways were over-represented in HPV-positive exosomes. TCGA database revealed the clinical relevance of altered transcripts. Among commonly exported abundant transcripts, SGK1 and MAD1L1 showed high expression, which has been correlated with poor survival in HNSCC patients. In the top 20 DETs of HPV-negative exosomes, high expression of FADS3, SGK3, and TESK2 correlated with poor survival of the HNSCC patients in the TCGA database. CONCLUSION: Overall, our study demonstrates that HPV-positive and HPV-negative cells' exosomes carried differential transcripts cargo that may be related to pathways associated with neurological disorders. Additionally, the altered transcripts identified have clinical relevance, correlating with patient survival in HNSCC, thereby highlighting their potential as biomarkers and as therapeutic targets.
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Exosomas , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello , Humanos , Exosomas/metabolismo , Exosomas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/virología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/mortalidad , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/metabolismo , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/genética , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/mortalidad , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/virología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/metabolismo , Masculino , Femenino , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Línea Celular Tumoral , Transcriptoma , Pronóstico , AncianoRESUMEN
The WHO (World Health Organization) conducted an elimination of cervical cancer program using triple pillar intervention strategy to target 90%-70%-90% of women before the year 2030, including (1) a full vaccination of HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccine to 90% of girls <15 years of age; (2) a high-performance screening procedure to 70% of women during the reproductive age (at the age of 35 and 45 years of age); and (3) an appropriate and adequate treatment to 90% of women with confirmed diagnosis of cervical lesions. Among the aforementioned three pillars, a full HPV vaccination has been introduced in our previous review, of which we have discussed the policy and strategy of HPV vaccination in the world and also reviewed the efficacy of HPV vaccination, with a successful reduction of over 90% of HPV-associated neoplasms. The aims of the current review will target another pillar-an appropriate and adequate treatment to 90% of women with confirmed diagnosis of cervical lesions. Since the early-stage cervical cancer has a favorable outcome and the treatment recommendation has been established, therefore, the current review focuses on women with persistent, recurrent and metastatic cervical cancers (advanced cervical cancers), which are still a biggest challenge based on its extremely worse outcomes before the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Integration of ICIs into conventional chemotherapy (paclitaxel-cisplatin) has become the new standard therapy for those patients with advanced cervical cancers. The recent clinical trials, such as KENOTE 826 and KENOTE A18 showing a dramatical improvement of both progression free survival and overall survival have approved the therapeutic efficacy of this combination as ICI plus paclitaxel-platinum (cisplatin or carboplatin) with/without bevacizumab to women with persistent, recurrent and metastatic cervical cancers.
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Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Vacunas contra Papillomavirus , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/terapia , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/tratamiento farmacológico , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Vacunas contra Papillomavirus/administración & dosificación , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), particularly oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), is an increasingly prevalent pathology worldwide, especially in developed countries. For diagnosing HPV in HNSCC, the combination of p16 immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) offers high sensitivity and specificity, with p16 IHC being a reliable initial screen and PCR confirming HPV presence. Advanced techniques like next-generation sequencing (NGS) and RNA-based assays provide detailed insights but are primarily used in research settings. Regardless of HPV status, standard oncological treatments currently include surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy. This conventional approach does not account for the typically better prognosis of HPV-positive HNSCC patients, leading to increased chemo/radiation-induced secondary morbidities and reduced quality of life. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and detect HPV positivity and other molecular characteristics of HNSCC to personalize treatment strategies. This comprehensive review aims to summarize current knowledge on various HPV detection techniques and evaluate their advantages and disadvantages, with a focus on developing methodologies to identify new biomarkers in HPV-positive HNSCC. The review discusses direct and indirect HPV examination in tumor tissue, DNA- and RNA-based detection techniques, protein-based markers, liquid biopsy potentials, immune-related markers, epigenetic markers, novel biomarkers, and emerging technologies, providing an overall insight into the current state of knowledge.
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Biomarcadores de Tumor , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello , Humanos , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/virología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/virología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeza y Cuello/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Inmunohistoquímica , ADN Viral/genética , ADN Viral/análisis , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/metabolismo , Inhibidor p16 de la Quinasa Dependiente de Ciclina/genéticaRESUMEN
RATIONALE: Plantar warts, caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, are a common skin condition on the plantar surface. Despite the availability of various treatments, achieving satisfactory outcomes remains elusive. This study explores a novel therapeutic approach combining traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) soaking therapy with cryotherapy to address this challenge. PATIENTS CONCERNS: This study focuses on 3 patients who presented with multiple and giant plantar warts, each with a disease duration exceeding 2 years. These patients had undergone numerous unsuccessful cryotherapy treatments, leaving them with persistent and troublesome warts. DIAGNOSES: All 3 patients were diagnosed with multiple and giant plantar warts caused by HPV infection. INTERVENTIONS: Following unsuccessful cryotherapies, the patients were administered TCM soaking therapy as an adjunct treatment. OUTCOMES: Remarkably, all 3 patients achieved complete remission of their plantar warts within 2 to 4 months after combining cryotherapy with TCM soaking therapy. LESSONS: Our findings suggest that relying solely on cryotherapy is insufficient for effectively treating plantar warts. The key to successful treatment lies in inhibiting wart proliferation and continuously thinning them, which can be achieved through soaking in TCM. This study demonstrates the potential of combining cryotherapy with TCM soaking as a novel and effective therapeutic approach for treating multiple and giant plantar warts.
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Crioterapia , Medicina Tradicional China , Verrugas , Humanos , Verrugas/terapia , Crioterapia/métodos , Medicina Tradicional China/métodos , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Terapia Combinada , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/terapia , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Resultado del Tratamiento , Dermatosis del Pie/terapia , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
Genotipo , Infecciones por VIH , Papillomaviridae , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Humanos , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/virología , Nigeria/epidemiología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/virología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/epidemiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , Adulto , Virus del Papiloma HumanoAsunto(s)
Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Humanos , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/virología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/epidemiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Japón/epidemiología , Costo de EnfermedadAsunto(s)
Neoplasias Orofaríngeas , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados , Humanos , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/cirugía , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/virología , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/métodos , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/cirugíaAsunto(s)
Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Vacunas contra Papillomavirus , Humanos , Vacunas contra Papillomavirus/administración & dosificación , Vacunas contra Papillomavirus/inmunología , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/prevención & control , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/inmunología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/prevención & control , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicacionesAsunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Humanos , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/virología , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/sangre , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/sangre , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicaciones , ADN Viral/sangre , Papillomaviridae/genética , Papillomaviridae/aislamiento & purificación , ADN Tumoral Circulante/sangreRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The prognostic role of imaging with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in oropharynx cancer (OPC) has been demonstrated in the past. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic impact of both baseline and post-treatment PET/CT in patients with OPC and treated with chemo- and/or radiotherapy. METHODS: The PET/CT parameters of scans performed before and after therapy were collected and analyzed to find significant prognosticators for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection's influence on the prognosis was also taken into account. RESULTS: A total of 66 patients were included in the study. The staging volumetric parameters of PET/CT were significant prognosticators for OS, while the same parameters were affordable predictors for PFS at the restaging evaluation. No significant correlations between HPV infection and PET/CT parameters were reported. CONCLUSION: The prognostic role of volumetric [18F]FDG PET/CT parameters in patients with OPC was reported.
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Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas , Tomografía Computarizada por Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Humanos , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/terapia , Pronóstico , Anciano , Adulto , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico por imagen , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Radiofármacos/uso terapéutico , Quimioradioterapia , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios Retrospectivos , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicacionesRESUMEN
Recently, microRNAs (miR) were identified to have potential links with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) oncogenesis, specifically miR-21. Since HPV is a major risk factor for the development of these diseases, we aimed to search the literature regarding miR-21 expression in both HPV-positive and HPV-negative OSCC/OPSCC. The search was performed in the PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane electronic databases. The research question was as follows: Is there a difference in the tissue expression of miR-21 between patients with HPV-positive and those with HPV-negative OSCC/OPSCC? After conducting a meticulous search strategy, four studies were included, and they had a pooled sample size of 621 subjects with OSCC and/or OPSCC. Three studies did not find any significant difference in miR-21 expression between HPV-positive and HPV-negative OSCC/OPSCC. The findings of this systematic review showed that there are no differences in miR-21 expression between HPV-positive and HPV-negative OSCC/OPSCC. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that there are still insufficient studies regarding this important subject, because understanding how HPV influences miR-21 expression and its downstream effects can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying OSCC/OPSCC development and progression.
Asunto(s)
Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Virus del Papiloma Humano , MicroARNs , Neoplasias de la Boca , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/virología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/metabolismo , Virus del Papiloma Humano/genética , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Neoplasias de la Boca/virología , Neoplasias de la Boca/genética , Neoplasias de la Boca/metabolismo , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/virología , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/genética , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/metabolismo , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/virología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/genética , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/complicacionesRESUMEN
Persistent high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR HPVs) infection leads to the development of squamous intraepithelial lesions in cervical cells that may lead to cancer. The telomere length, telomerase activity, and species composition of the vaginal microbiome may influence the dynamic of changes and the process of carcinogenesis. In the present study, we analyze relative telomere length (RTL), relative hTERT expression (gene for the telomerase component-reverse transcriptase) in cervical smear cells and vaginal microbiomes. Total RNA and DNA were isolated from tissue samples of 109 patients from the following groups: control, carrier, low-grade or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (L SIL and H SIL, respectively), and cancer. The quantitative PCR method was used to measure telomere length and telomerase expression. Vaginal microbiome bacteria were divided into community state types using morphotype criteria. Significant differences between histopathology groups were confirmed for both relative telomere length and relative hTERT expression (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). A significant difference in RTL was identified between carriers and H SIL (p adj < 0.001) groups, as well as between carriers and L SIL groups (p adj = 0.048). In both cases, RTL was lower among carriers. The highest relative hTERT expression level was recorded in the H SIL group, and the highest relative hTERT expression level was recorded between carriers and the H SIL group (p adj < 0.001). A correlation between genotype and biocenosis was identified for genotype 16+A (p < 0.001). The results suggest that identification of HPV infection, telomere length assessment, and hTERT expression measurement together may be more predictive than each of these analyses performed separately.