RESUMEN
In Latin America, gastric cancer is a leading cancer, and countries in the region have some of the highest mortality rates worldwide, including Chile, Costa Rica, and Colombia. Geographic variation in mortality rates is observed both between neighboring countries and within nations. We discuss epidemiological observations suggesting an association between altitude and gastric cancer risk in Latin America. In the Americas, the burden of gastric cancer mortality is concentrated in the mountainous areas along the Pacific rim, following the geography of the Andes sierra, from Venezuela to Chile, and the Sierra Madre and Cordillera de Centroamérica, from southern Mexico to Costa Rica. Altitude is probably a surrogate for host genetic, bacterial, dietary, and environmental factors that may cluster in the mountainous regions. For example, H. pylori strains from patients of the Andean Nariño region of Colombia display European ancestral haplotypes, whereas strains from the Pacific coast are predominantly of African origin. The observation of higher gastric cancer rates in the mountainous areas is not universal: the association is absent in Chile, where risk is more strongly associated with the age of H. pylori acquisition and socio-economic determinants. The dramatic global and regional variations in gastric cancer incidence and mortality rates offer the opportunity for scientific discovery and focused prevention programs.
Asunto(s)
Altitud , Neoplasias Gástricas/epidemiología , Femenino , Infecciones por Helicobacter/epidemiología , Infecciones por Helicobacter/mortalidad , Helicobacter pylori/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Incidencia , América Latina/epidemiología , Masculino , Factores Sexuales , Factores Socioeconómicos , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidadRESUMEN
CONTEXT: There is some evidence that Helicobacter pylori correlates with distal gastric cancer genesis. However, few studies analyzed the survival related to H. pylori infection. OBJECTIVE: To correlate gastric cancer survival and H. pylori infection. METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with distal gastric cancer that underwent subtotal gastrectomy were studied. Minimal follow-up was 1 month. H. pylori infection was confirmed by biopsy. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients (19 males (55.9%), mean age 60.9 ± 14.03, range 33-82 years) were H. pylori positive. Thirty-four patients (16 males (47.1%), mean age 57.9 ± 13.97, range 27-85 years) were H. pylori negative. Groups were comparable in regards to age (P = 0.4), gender (P = 0.5), stage [T (P = 0.2), N (P = 0.6) and M (P = 0.9)]. Survival was not different when groups were compared [P = 0.1616 (hazard ratio 0.6834, 95% CI 0.4009 to 1.1647)]. CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection does not affect distal gastric cancer survival.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/microbiología , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidad , Infecciones por Helicobacter/complicaciones , Infecciones por Helicobacter/mortalidad , Helicobacter pylori , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiología , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidad , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Pronóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Análisis de SupervivenciaRESUMEN
CONTEXT: There is some evidence that Helicobacter pylori correlates with distal gastric cancer genesis. However, few studies analyzed the survival related to H. pylori infection. OBJECTIVE: To correlate gastric cancer survival and H. pylori infection. METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with distal gastric cancer that underwent subtotal gastrectomy were studied. Minimal follow-up was 1 month. H. pylori infection was confirmed by biopsy. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients (19 males (55.9 percent), mean age 60.9 ± 14.03, range 33-82 years) were H. pylori positive. Thirty-four patients (16 males (47.1 percent), mean age 57.9 ± 13.97, range 27-85 years) were H. pylori negative. Groups were comparable in regards to age (P = 0.4), gender (P = 0.5), stage [T (P = 0.2), N (P = 0.6) and M (P = 0.9)]. Survival was not different when groups were compared [P = 0.1616 (hazard ratio 0.6834, 95 percent CI 0.4009 to 1.1647)]. CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection does not affect distal gastric cancer survival.
CONTEXTO: Há evidência que a infecção por Helicobacter pylori correlacione-se com a etiologia do câncer gástrico distal. Há, entretanto, poucos estudos que analisam a sobrevivência relacionada ao H. pylori. OBJETIVO: Correlacionar a sobrevida do câncer gástrico distal com a infecção por H. pylori. MÉTODOS: Sessenta e oito pacientes com câncer gástrico distal submetidos a gastrectomia subtotal foram estudados. O tempo mínimo de seguimento foi de 1 mês. A infecção por H. pylori foi confirmada por biopsia. RESULTADOS: Trinta e quatro pacientes (19 homens (55,9 por cento), idade média de 60,9 ± 14,03, variação 33-82 anos) tinham confirmação de infecção por H. pylori. Trinta e quatro pacientes (16 homens (47,1 por cento), idade média de 57,9 ± 13,97, variação 27-85 anos) eram H. pylori negativo. Os grupos eram comparáveis considerando idade (P = 0.4), gênero (P = 0.5) e estágio [T (P = 0.2), N (P = 0.6) e M (P = 0.9)]. Sobrevivência não foi diferente quando os grupos foram comparados (P = 0.1616 (Hazard ratio 0.6834, 95 por cento CI 0.4009-1.1647)). CONCLUSÕES: Infecção por Helicobacter pylori não afeta a sobrevida no câncer gástrico distal.