RESUMEN

Thrombosis is currently among the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the World. New prevention and therapy alternatives have been increasingly sought in medicinal plants. In this context, we have been investigating parsley, Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nym, an aromatic herb with two leaf varieties. We report here the in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo anti-hemostatic and antithrombotic activities of a parsley curly-leaf variety. Aqueous extracts of aerial parts (PCC-AP), stems (PCC-S), and leaves (PCC-L) showed significant in vitro antiplatelet activity. PCC-AP extract exhibited the highest activity (IC50 2.92 mg/mL) when using ADP and collagen as agonists. All extracts also presented in vitro anticoagulant activity (APTT and PT) and anti-thrombogenic activity. PCC-S was the most active, with more significant interference in the factors of the intrinsic coagulation pathway. The oral administration of PCC-AP extract in rats caused a greater inhibitory activity in the deep vein thrombi (50%; 65 mg/kg) than in arterial thrombi formation (50%; 200 mg/kg), without cumulative effect after consecutive five-day administration. PCC-AP extract was safe in the induced bleeding time test. Its anti-aggregating profile was similar in ex vivo and in vitro conditions but was more effective in the extrinsic pathway when compared to in vitro results. Apiin and coumaric acid derivatives are the main compounds in PCC-AP according to the HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS profile. We demonstrated for the first time that extracts from different parts of curly parsley have significant antiplatelet, anticoagulant, and antithrombotic activity without inducing hemorrhage, proving its potential as a source of antithrombotic compounds.

Asunto(s)

Fibrinolíticos , Petroselinum , Extractos Vegetales , Hojas de la Planta , Animales , Petroselinum/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/química , Hojas de la Planta/química , Ratas , Masculino , Fibrinolíticos/farmacología , Fibrinolíticos/aislamiento & purificación , Fibrinolíticos/química , Ratas Wistar , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Fitoquímicos/aislamiento & purificación , Trombosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/farmacología , Inhibidores de Agregación Plaquetaria/aislamiento & purificación , Componentes Aéreos de las Plantas/química , Tallos de la Planta/química , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Hemostáticos/aislamiento & purificación , Anticoagulantes/farmacología , Anticoagulantes/aislamiento & purificación , Anticoagulantes/química , Plantas Medicinales/química

RESUMEN

This study sought to prepare powder hemostats based on iota-carrageenan (ιC), xyloglucan (XYL), l-serine (SER), and tranexamic acid (TA). The powder form was chosen because it enables the hemostat to be used in wounds of any shape and depth. The powder hemostats showed irregular shapes and specific surface areas ranging from 34 to 46 m2/g. Increasing TA amount decreases the specific surface area, bulk density, water and blood absorption, and the antibacterial activities of the powder hemostats, but not the water retention ability. Conversely, in vitro biodegradation was positively impacted by increasing the TA content in the powder hemostats. In both the in vitro and in vivo tests, powder hemostats showed reduced bleeding time, significant adhesion of red blood cells, great hemocompatibility, moderate antioxidant activity, and high biocompatibility. These findings shed new light on designing powder hemostats with intrinsic antibacterial and antioxidant activity and excellent hemostatic performance.

Asunto(s)

Hemostáticos , Ácido Tranexámico , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Carragenina/farmacología , Glucanos , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Polvos , Serina , Ácido Tranexámico/farmacología , Agua , Xilanos

RESUMEN

In this study, graphene oxide (GO)-based aerogels cross-linked with chitosan (CS), gelatin (GEL), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were characterized and their hemostatic efficiencies both in vitro and in vivo were investigated and compared to commercial materials (ChitoGauze®XR and Spongostan™). All aerogels exhibited highly porous structures and a negative surface charge density favorable to their interaction with blood cells. The in vitro studies showed that all aerogels coagulated >60 % of the blood contained in their structures after 240 s of the whole-blood clotting assay, the GO-CS aerogel being the one with the highest blood clotting. All aerogels showed high hemocompatibility, with hemolytic rates <5 %, indicating their use as biomaterials. Among them, the GO-GEL aerogel exhibited the lowest hemolytic activity, due possibly to its high GEL content compared to the GO amount. According to their blood clotting activity, aerogels did not promote coagulation through extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. However, their surfaces are suitable for accelerating hemostasis by promoting alternative routes. All aerogels adhered platelets and gathered RBCs on their surfaces, and in addition the GO-CS aerogel surface also promoted the formation of filamentous fibrin networks adhered on its structure. Furthermore, in vivo evaluations revealed that all aerogels significantly shortened the hemostatic times and reduced the blood loss amounts compared both to the Spongostan™ and ChitoGauze®XR commercial materials and to the gauze sponge (control group). The hemostatic performance in vitro and in vivo of these aerogels suggests that they could be used as hemostats for controlling profuse bleedings.

Asunto(s)

Quitosano , Grafito , Hemostáticos , Quitosano/química , Gelatina/farmacología , Grafito/farmacología , Hemorragia , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Humanos , Polímeros

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: The objectives of this study are to experimentally evaluate the haemostatic effects of two organic substances, a membrane of chitosan and a collagen sponge coated with thrombin and human fibrinogen (TachoSil®), in sealing 7-0 needle stitches holes on the femoral arteries of rats as well as to evaluate local histological reactions. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were included, and four holes were made in each common femoral artery. In the control group, haemostasis was achieved only by compression with gauze sponge; and in the two other groups, haemostasis was achieved with application of one of these two substances. RESULTS: Membrane of chitosan and TachoSil® showed a power to reduce the time to achieve haemostasis compared with the control group (P=0.001), and the haemostatic effects of these two substances were comparable. There was lower blood loss in the groups where these two substances were used when compared with the control group, but no difference was found comparing the two substances. CONCLUSION: The use of these sealants did not promote more adhesion or local histological reactions when compared to the control group. Since chitosan is easy to find in nature, has a positive effect to promote haemostasis, and did not bring considerable local reactions, it might be used as a sealant in cardiovascular surgery.

Asunto(s)

Quitosano , Hemostáticos , Animales , Quitosano/farmacología , Colágeno/farmacología , Colágeno/uso terapéutico , Combinación de Medicamentos , Fibrinógeno/farmacología , Fibrinógeno/uso terapéutico , Hemostasis Quirúrgica , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Hemostáticos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Ratas , Trombina/farmacología

RESUMEN

Manufacturing facile and low-cost wound dressings that simultaneously meet the needs of the entire repair process remains the major challenge of effective wound healing. Herein, a series of curdlan-tannic acid hybrid hydrogels were successfully fabricated through the annealing technique. Notedly, when the mixing weigh ratio was 1:1, the hydrogel exhibited excellent physicochemical properties, including swellability, degradability, water retention, porosity, and rheology. Additionally, the hydrogel did not display significant cytotoxicity to fibroblasts and the hemolysis rate at 12 h was 3%. Interestingly, the hybrid hydrogel showed multifunctional properties, including remarkable antioxidant, antibacterial, and rapid hemostasis effects reduce blood loss by 0.35 g, that were achieved through the temperature-dependent release of tannic acid. Moreover, a full-thickness skin defect animal model was used to verify that the multifunctional hydrogel could accelerate wound healing in vivo. These results suggest that this hybrid hydrogel is a promising candidate for the clinical treatment of full-thickness wounds.

Asunto(s)

Hemostáticos , Hidrogeles , Animales , Antibacterianos/química , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Hemostasis , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Hidrogeles/química , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Hidrógeno , Taninos/farmacología , Taninos/uso terapéutico , Cicatrización de Heridas , beta-Glucanos

RESUMEN

Chitosan is a biopolymer with bactericidal/bacteriostatic effect, biocompatible and biodegradable. It has been used in tissue engineering to replace tissues partially or completely by releasing bioactive materials or influencing cell growth, usually in regenerative medicine and dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effect of chitosan alone or with hemostatic gelatin (Spongostand®) in cultures of human pulp cells (HPC), human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and mouse pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1, ATCC). HPC and HGF were isolated from patients. Cells were subcultured in DMEM. Chitosan was inoculated at different concentrations (0-0.5%) and hemostatic gelatins impregnated with chitosan (0.19%) were placed directly in the presence of cells and incubated for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined by MTT method and mean cytotoxic concentration (CC50) was calculated from the dose-response curve. Anti-inflammatory effect was calculated from the in vitro gingivitis model induced with interleukin 1beta (IL-1ß) in HGF and protein detection. The data were subjected to Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Experiments were performed in triplicate of three independent assays. Cell viability of HPC, HGF and MC3T3-E1 in contact with chitosan decreased significantly (p<0.05). The HPC were the most sensitive (CC50= 0.18%), followed by HGF (CC50= 0.18%) and MC3T3-E1 (CC50= 0.19%). The cytotoxicity of gelatins impregnated with chitosan decreased cell viability of HGF and HPC by 11% and 5%, respectively. The proinflammatory effect was reduced significantly in the gingivitis model. To conclude, chitosan induces moderate cytotoxic effects alone or with hemostatic gelatin at 0.19%, in dose-dependent manner, with anti-inflammatory effects on human gingival fibroblasts. The use of chitosan as a biomaterial can be an excellent choice for use in regenerative dentistry.

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El quitosano es un biopolímero con efecto bactericida/bacteriostático, biocompatible y biodegradable. Se ha utilizado en ingeniería de tejidos con el fin de reemplazar parcial o completamente los tejidos como material bioactivo o influyendo en el crecimiento celular, comúnmente, para medicina y odontología regenerativa. Evaluar el efecto citotóxico y antiinflamatorio del quitosano solo o con gelatina hemostática (Spongostand®) en cultivos con células pulpares humanas (HPC), fibroblastos gingivales humanos (HGF) y preosteoblastos de ratón (MC3T3-E1, ATCC). HPC, HGF se aislaron de pacientes. Las células se subcultivaron en DMEM. Se inoculó quitosano a diferentes concentraciones (0-0,5%) y se colocaron gelatinas hemostáticas impregnadas con quitosano (0,19%) directamente en presencia de células y se incubaron durante 24 horas. La viabilidad celular se determinó mediante el método MTT y se calculó la concentración citotóxica media (CC50) a partir de la curva dosis-respuesta. El efecto antiinflamatorio se calculó a partir del modelo de gingivitis in vitro inducido con interleucina 1ß (IL-1ß) en HGF. Los datos se sometieron a las pruebas de Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis y Mann-Whitney. Los experimentos se realizaron por triplicado de tres ensayos independientes. La viabilidad celular de HPC, HGF y MC3T3-E1 en contacto con el quitosano disminuyó significativamente la viabilidad celular (p<0.05). Las HPC fueron las más sensibles (CC50= 0,18%) seguido de HGF (CC50= 0,18%) y MC3T3-E1 (CC50= 0,19%). Las gelatinas impregnadas con quitosano mostraron una disminución en la viabilidad celular para HGF, HPC de 11% y 5% respectivamente y se redujo significativamente el efecto pro-inflamatorio en el modelo de gingivitis humano. El quitosano induce efectos citotóxicos moderados solo o con gelatina hemostática a 0,19% de forma dosis-dependiente con efectos antiinflamatorios en fibroblastos gingivales humanos. El uso de quitosano como biomaterial puede ser una excelente opción para su uso en odontología regenerativa.

Asunto(s)

Quitosano , Hemostáticos , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Gelatina , Encía , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Humanos , Ratones

RESUMEN

Wound dressings are devices used to stop bleeding and provide appropriate environmental conditions to accelerate wound healing. The effectiveness of wound dressing materials can be crucial to prevent deaths from excessive bleeding in surgeries and promote complete restoration of the injury. Some requirements for an ideal wound dressing are rapid hemostatic effect, high swelling capacity, antibacterial properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. However, finding all these properties in a single material remains a challenge. In this context, nanocomposites have demonstrated an excellent capacity for this application because of their multifunctionality. One of the emerging materials used in nanocomposite manufacture is cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), which are rod-like crystalline nanometric structures present on cellulose chains. These nanoparticles are attractive for wound healing applications because of their high aspect ratio, high mechanical properties, functionality and low density. Hence, this work aimed to present an overview of nanocomposites constituted by CNCs for wound healing applications. The review focuses on the most common materials used as matrices, the types of dressing, and their fabrication techniques. Novel wound dressings composites have improved hemostatic, swelling, and mechanical properties compared to other pure biopolymers while preserving their other biological properties. Films, nanofibers mats, sponges, and hydrogels have been prepared with CNCs nanocomposites, and in vitro and in vivo tests have proved their suitability for wound healing.

Asunto(s)

Hemostáticos , Nanocompuestos , Nanopartículas , Antibacterianos , Vendajes , Celulosa , Hemostáticos/farmacología

RESUMEN

To analyze the hemostatic, Dsurgical wounds in donor and recipient areas of free gingival grafts (FGG). Five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane and Web of Science) were searched up to March 2021 (PROSPERO CRD42019134497). The focus of the study (cyanoacrylate) was combined with the condition (periodontal surgery OR free gingival graft OR free soft tissue graft OR autografts), and outcome (healing OR epithelialization OR pain OR analgesia OR bleeding OR hemostasis OR hemostatic). Studies reporting cyanoacrylate isolated or associated with another substance in FGG stabilization and closure were investigated and assessed for the quality and risk of bias through the Cochrane Manual. Six studies with 323 participants were included. Evaluation of the quality and risk of bias highlighted a low risk for four articles, intermediate for one and unclear for another. The use of cyanoacrylate associated or not with the hemostatic sponge or the platelet-rich fibrin was more effective in healing (three studies), analgesia (four studies), and hemostasis in one study (p < 0.05). However, groups with the association in cyanoacrylate showed superior healing, and analgesic action to the isolated cyanoacrylate group. In addition, two studies demonstrated that cyanoacrylate use reduces surgery duration, one study showed that it reduces postoperative sensibility, and another present hemostatic effect (p < 0.05). There is scarce literature for the use of cyanoacrylate in FGG wounds indicates that it can promote a minor inflammatory response, reduce operation time, does not interfere with healing, relieves postoperative discomfort, and suggests the possibility immediate hemostasis. Its use presents an alternative to suturing in FGG surgeries. But, the limited number of cases and the relative heterogeneity of the included studies suggest caution in generalizing the indication. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Cyanoacrylate seems to present analgesic effects and less pain when applied to wound closure and covering donor and recipient areas reducing the need for postoperative analgesic medication; and has a healing effect in the closure of the donor area on the palate. In addition, it can reduce bleeding time after surgery, and prevents late bleeding during the first postsurgical week. Scientific justification: To evaluate the hemostatic, analgesic and healing actions of cyanoacrylate compared to the suture thread and other agents when used to close surgical wounds from periodontal free gingival graft surgical wounds in both the donor and recipient areas of the graft. MAIN FINDINGS: The use of cyanoacrylate individually or in association with wound dressing agents presents analgesic effects because the patient reports less pain experienced when cyanoacrylate is applied to the wound closure and covering, thereby reducing the need for postoperative analgesic medication. In addition, a healing effect is observed in the closure of the donor area on the palate; as well as it seems to present hemostatic effects, reducing the bleeding time after surgery, and preventing late bleeding during the first postsurgical week. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Dentists may cautiously apply cyanoacrylate after periodontal surgeries for free gingival graft in both the donor and recipient areas of the graft. However, they must consider the limitations of the surgery, tension-free positioning, the patient's dyscrasia and postoperative care, constituting a set of predictors for adequate clinical decision-making. Widespread use of such material for all patients and surgical configurations may not be recommended.

Asunto(s)

Analgésicos/farmacología , Cianoacrilatos/farmacología , Encía/trasplante , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Repitelización/efectos de los fármacos , Herida Quirúrgica , Vendajes , Sesgo , Hemostasis , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Humanos , Hueso Paladar/cirugía , Fibrina Rica en Plaquetas , Riesgo , Cicatrización de Heridas

RESUMEN

Wound healing materials to prevent blood loss are crucial during emergency medical treatment because uncontrolled bleeding can lead to patient death. Herein, bioabsorbable fibrous architectures of thrombin-loaded poly(ethylene oxide)-PEO/thrombin-are conceptualized and accomplished via electrospinning for faster wound clotting. Membranes with average fiber diameters ranging from 188 to 264 nm are achieved, where the active thrombin is entrapped within the nanofibers. The results of in vitro and in vivo wound healing activity tests revealed that when the nanofibers with thrombin-loaded capacity are in contact with the wound, the presence of water in the skin or blood catalyzes the degradation of the membranes, thus releasing thrombin. Thrombin then accelerates the wound clotting process. In contrast to other hemostatic materials, PEO/thrombin nanofibers do not require mechanical removal after application, and the viscoelastic nature of such biomaterials enables their conformation to a variety of wound topographies. Remarkably, PEO/thrombin membranes are promising functional materials and their use is a powerful strategy for hemostatic treatment, ranging from simple first aid and sealing to a wound to small surgical procedures.

Asunto(s)

Quitosano , Hemostáticos , Nanofibras , Óxido de Etileno , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Humanos , Polietilenglicoles , Trombina

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory effect and bone formation in sterile surgical failures after implantation of a collagen sponge with mesenchymal stem cells from human dental pulp (hDPSCs) and Aloe vera. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Rattus norvegicus (n=75) were divided into five experimental groups according to treatment: G1) control (blood clot); G2) Hemospon®; G3) Hemospon® in a culture medium enriched with 8% Aloe vera; G4) Hemospon® in a culture medium containing hDPSCs and G5) Hemospon® in a culture medium enriched with 8% Aloe vera and hDPSCs. On days 7, 15 and 30, the animals were euthanized, and the tibia was dissected for histological, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. The results were analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post-test. RESULTS: On days 7 and 15, the groups with Aloe vera had less average acute inflammatory infiltrate compared to the control group and the group with Hemospon® (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding bone formation at the three experimental points in time. Osteopontin expression corroborated the intensity of bone formation. Fluorescence microscopy revealed positive labeling with Q-Tracker® in hDPSCs before transplantation and tissue repair. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the combination of Hemospon®, Aloe vera and hDPSCs is a form of clinical treatment for the repair of non-critical bone defects that reduces the inflammatory cascade's effects.

Asunto(s)

Aloe/química , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Regeneración Ósea/fisiología , Pulpa Dental/citología , Trasplante de Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/métodos , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/fisiología , Células Cultivadas , Colágeno/farmacología , Citometría de Flujo , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Microscopía Fluorescente , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Osteogénesis/fisiología , Osteopontina/análisis , Ratas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Tibia/efectos de los fármacos , Tibia/patología , Tibia/fisiología , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory effect and bone formation in sterile surgical failures after implantation of a collagen sponge with mesenchymal stem cells from human dental pulp (hDPSCs) and Aloe vera. Material and Methods Rattus norvegicus (n=75) were divided into five experimental groups according to treatment: G1) control (blood clot); G2) Hemospon®; G3) Hemospon® in a culture medium enriched with 8% Aloe vera; G4) Hemospon® in a culture medium containing hDPSCs and G5) Hemospon® in a culture medium enriched with 8% Aloe vera and hDPSCs. On days 7, 15 and 30, the animals were euthanized, and the tibia was dissected for histological, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. The results were analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post-test. Results On days 7 and 15, the groups with Aloe vera had less average acute inflammatory infiltrate compared to the control group and the group with Hemospon® (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding bone formation at the three experimental points in time. Osteopontin expression corroborated the intensity of bone formation. Fluorescence microscopy revealed positive labeling with Q-Tracker® in hDPSCs before transplantation and tissue repair. Conclusion The results suggest that the combination of Hemospon®, Aloe vera and hDPSCs is a form of clinical treatment for the repair of non-critical bone defects that reduces the inflammatory cascade's effects.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Regeneración Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Regeneración Ósea/fisiología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Pulpa Dental/citología , Trasplante de Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/métodos , Aloe/química , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Osteogénesis/fisiología , Tibia/efectos de los fármacos , Tibia/fisiología , Tibia/patología , Factores de Tiempo , Inmunohistoquímica , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/fisiología , Células Cultivadas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Colágeno/farmacología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Osteopontina/análisis , Citometría de Flujo , Microscopía Fluorescente

RESUMEN

Introduction: Ostene is a water-soluble wax-like alkylene oxide copolymer preparation for use as a mechanical hemostatic agent. this study aims to evaluate the effects of Ostene on bone healing. materials and methods: twenty albino rabbits were divided into four groups according to post-treatment follow-up (24 hr, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days) with five rabbits in each group. each rabbit in all groups was treated with two study materials (Ostene and Gelfoam). three holes were made in the mandibular bone of each rabbit using 5mm surgical bur; two holes were made on right side: one for testing Ostene and another for Gelfoam. a third hole, on the left side of mandible, was not treated, and was used as a control. finally, the incision was closed. the specimens were collected at different days post-treatment and examined by histopathology. result and discussion: this study showed that there is a significant difference (p-value≤ 0.05) between the Ostene group and the other groups (Gelfoam and control). at 24 hr post intervention, there is a significant difference in osteoblast cell formation (p-value=0.03), and osteoclast cell formation (p-value=0.05). new blood vessel formation, osteoblast and osteoclast cell formation for Ostene group at 3 days post-intervention were also significantly different (p-values = 0.05, 0.03, 0.04, respectively). at 7 days post-intervention p-values were 0.05 for osteoblast formation and 0.04 for osteoclast formation, respectively. after 14 days of healing p-value for osteoblast cell formation in the Ostene group was 0.05 and 0.04 for osteoclast cell formation. conclusions: the bone hemostatic agent Ostene is an effective at enhancing osteogenesis by initiating proliferation of osteoblast and osteoclast cells.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Conejos , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Huesos/efectos de los fármacos , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Hemostasis , Osteoblastos , Osteoclastos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Mandíbula/efectos de los fármacos

RESUMEN

Agro-industrial wastes are promising sources of phytochemicals for the development of products to be used in health promotion and maintenance. In this study, extracts from acerola bagasse (AB) were characterized by HPLC, and evaluated according to its modulatory action on phospholipases A2 and proteases involved in processes such as inflammation and blood clotting. Snake venoms were used as biological tools once they have high functional and structural homology between their enzymes and human enzymes. Two types of extracts were prepared from AB: aqueous and methanolic. These extracts, evaluated at different proportions (venom:extract, w:w), significantly inhibited the phospholipase activity induced by the venoms of Bothrops moojeni, Bothrops atrox (11% to 31%), and Crotalus durissus terrificus (C. d. t.) (11% to 19%). The hemolytic activity induced by the venoms of B. moojeni and C. d. t. was better inhibited by the methanolic extract (inhibition between 23% and 48%). Thrombolysis induced by the venoms of B. moojeni and C. d. t. was inhibited by both extracts, with inhibition ranging from 13% to 63% for the aqueous extract, and from 12% to 92% for the methanolic one. Both extracts increased the time of coagulation induced by the venoms of B. moojeni and Lachesis muta muta in 26 and up to 68 s. These inhibitory actions were related to the following phenolic compounds present in the extract of AB: gallic acid, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, and quercetin. Additional studies are needed to confirm their potential use for nutraceutical purposes. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Agro-industrial wastes are promising sources of phytochemicals for the development of products that can be used by pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and food industries. Studies report the use of the acerola bagasse extract in health improvement. However, its toxic-pharmacological characterization is still scarce. In this study, the extracts of acerola bagasse presented phenolic compounds that can modulate the activity of enzymes such as phospholipases A2 and proteases that act on the coagulant/anticoagulant and thrombotic/thrombolytic activities and the break of phospholipids, decreasing the inflammation and platelet aggregation. Although the in vivo effects of the extracts are not fully understood, this study shed light upon the possibilities of their usage.

Asunto(s)

Celulosa/química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Frutas/química , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Malpighiaceae/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Anticoagulantes/farmacología , Bothrops , Células Cultivadas , Venenos de Crotálidos/antagonistas & inhibidores , Venenos de Crotálidos/enzimología , Fibrinolíticos/farmacología , Humanos , Inhibidores de Fosfolipasa A2/farmacología , Fosfolipasas A2/metabolismo , Fitoquímicos/farmacología , Agregación Plaquetaria/efectos de los fármacos

RESUMEN

The control of postoperative bleeding represents one of the main intercurrent events associated with soft tissue surgical procedures in the oral cavity. In this context, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membranes are materials with great potential for optimizing soft tissue healing and induction of hemostasis. This interventional case series describes the treatment of 10 patients with excisional biopsy of benign oral cavity lesions, following a screening sequence at the surgery clinic of a Brazilian dental school between the years of 2015 and 2017. After treatment with PRF, patients presented mean time for postoperative hemostasis of 10.3 ± 2.5 s, requiring the average use of three membranes to cover the surgical area. The results suggest that the use of platelet-rich fibrin membranes may represent a feasible alternative hemostatic material for the treatment of oral lesions.

Asunto(s)

Hemostáticos/farmacología , Enfermedades Mandibulares/patología , Enfermedades Mandibulares/cirugía , Enfermedades Maxilares/patología , Enfermedades Maxilares/cirugía , Hemorragia Bucal/prevención & control , Fibrina Rica en Plaquetas , Hemorragia Posoperatoria/prevención & control , Cirugía Bucal/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To compare platelet rich plasma (PRP) and fibrin glue about the effect of anastomotic healing. METHODS: Thirty six Wistar-Albino male rats diveded into 3 groups according to control(Group1), PRP (Group 2) and fibrin glue(Tisseel VH) (Group 3). The colon was transected with scissor and subsequently an end to end anastomosis was performed using continuous one layer 6/0 vicryl sutures. Postoperative 7th day effect of anastomotic healing measuring with tissue hydroxyproline(TH) level and anastomotic bursting pressure(ABP); moreover comparison of cytokine (IL-6 and IL-10) and procalcitonin levels on 1st,3rd and 7th days. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference of the ABP and hydroxyproline levels between PRP and fibrin glue on the 7th day. There was no statistically significant difference between levels of proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6) (P=0.41), anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) (P=0.35), and procalcitonin levels (P=0.63) on 1, 3 and 7 days. CONCLUSION: Fibrin glue and platelet rich plasma are shown to be effective in healing intestinal anastomoses without superior to each other.

Asunto(s)

Colon/cirugía , Adhesivo de Tejido de Fibrina/farmacología , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Plasma Rico en Plaquetas , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Anastomosis Quirúrgica , Animales , Calcitonina/análisis , Colon/patología , Citocinas/análisis , Hidroxiprolina/análisis , Masculino , Ratas Wistar , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

Abstract Purpose: To compare platelet rich plasma (PRP) and fibrin glue about the effect of anastomotic healing. Methods: Thirty six Wistar-Albino male rats diveded into 3 groups according to control(Group1), PRP (Group 2) and fibrin glue(Tisseel VH) (Group 3). The colon was transected with scissor and subsequently an end to end anastomosis was performed using continuous one layer 6/0 vicryl sutures. Postoperative 7th day effect of anastomotic healing measuring with tissue hydroxyproline(TH) level and anastomotic bursting pressure(ABP); moreover comparison of cytokine (IL-6 and IL-10) and procalcitonin levels on 1st,3rd and 7th days. Results: There was no statistically significant difference of the ABP and hydroxyproline levels between PRP and fibrin glue on the 7th day. There was no statistically significant difference between levels of proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6) (P=0.41), anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) (P=0.35), and procalcitonin levels (P=0.63) on 1, 3 and 7 days. Conclusion: Fibrin glue and platelet rich plasma are shown to be effective in healing intestinal anastomoses without superior to each other.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Masculino , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Adhesivo de Tejido de Fibrina/farmacología , Plasma Rico en Plaquetas , Factores de Tiempo , Calcitonina/análisis , Anastomosis Quirúrgica , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Citocinas/análisis , Resultado del Tratamiento , Ratas Wistar , Colon/cirugía , Colon/patología , Hidroxiprolina/análisis

RESUMEN

Introduction: Ostene is a new synthetic bone hemostatic wax-like inert and biocompatible material that dissolves within two days after application. bone wax is a well- known topical hemostatic agent, easy to use, and its application is very simple. wound healing is a complex biological process; bone is a dynamic tissue that is continuously resorbed, renewed, and remodeled. materials and methods: twenty domestic rabbits were divided into four groups (day 1, day 3, day 7, and day 14). each rabbit was anaesthetized and three holes were drilled in the mandible: one was filled with Ostene, another with bone wax, and the other was left unfilled as control. sites of intervention were assessed by histopathology. results and Discussion: Ostene and bone wax showed osteoinductive property in bone healing with no inflammatory reaction. our study revealed new bone formation within 14 days in Ostene group. after histopathological analysis and scoring was finished, analysis by SPSS 14 software showed a significant difference between the use of Ostene and bone wax. conclusion: Ostene showed superiority over bone wax in bone healing, and it can be used in the same way as bone wax with no interference with bone healing and osteogenesis. Ostene has no side effects following application.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Conejos , Ceras/farmacología , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Hemostáticos/administración & dosificación , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Osteogénesis , Hueso Esponjoso

Asunto(s)

Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Neoplasias de la Mama/cirugía , Desamino Arginina Vasopresina/farmacología , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Atención Perioperativa/métodos , Transfusión Sanguínea/métodos , Neoplasias de la Mama/mortalidad , Ensayos Clínicos Fase II como Asunto , Femenino , Hemostasis/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Mastectomía/efectos adversos , Atención Perioperativa/efectos adversos , Pronóstico , Receptores de Vasopresinas/agonistas , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of contamination by hemostatic agents and rinsing with chlorhexidine on bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Ninety-six bovine teeth were sectioned to expose a flat dentin surface area. A standardized cavity with 2.0 mm in thickness, superficial diameter of 4.0 mm and bottom diameter of 3.0 mm was prepared with a diamond bur in each dentin specimen. The teeth were divided into four groups according to the hemostatic employed: G1: control; G2: use of ViscoStat, Ultradent; G3: Hemosthasegel, FGM; and G4: Hemostop, Dentsply. The groups were divided into two subgroups according to the cleaning protocol method (n=12): A: without any further cleaning; and B: cleaning with chlorhexidine at 0.2%. All cavities were filled using a dentin adhesive and a resin composite, following the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 h, the specimens were aged by thermal and mechanical cycling. The bond strength was determined by the push out bond test (MPa), Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were detected among all groups treated with hemostatic agents and the control group. The post-hoc test showed that cleaning the cavity with chlorhexidine significantly improves the bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Our results suggested that the use of chlorhexidine can reestablish the bond strength between dentin and resin composite when a hemostatic agent was applied.

Asunto(s)

Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Desinfectantes , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Animales , Bovinos , Hemostáticos/efectos adversos , Técnicas In Vitro

RESUMEN

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of contamination by hemostatic agents and rinsing with chlorhexidine on bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Ninety-six bovine teeth were sectioned to expose a flat dentin surface area. A standardized cavity with 2.0 mm in thickness, superficial diameter of 4.0 mm and bottom diameter of 3.0 mm was prepared with a diamond bur in each dentin specimen. The teeth were divided into four groups according to the hemostatic employed: G1: control; G2: use of ViscoStat, Ultradent; G3: Hemosthasegel, FGM; and G4: Hemostop, Dentsply. The groups were divided into two subgroups according to the cleaning protocol method (n=12): A: without any further cleaning; and B: cleaning with chlorhexidine at 0.2%. All cavities were filled using a dentin adhesive and a resin composite, following the manufacturer's instructions. After 24 h, the specimens were aged by thermal and mechanical cycling. The bond strength was determined by the push out bond test (MPa), Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences were detected among all groups treated with hemostatic agents and the control group. The post-hoc test showed that cleaning the cavity with chlorhexidine significantly improves the bond strength between dentin and resin composite. Our results suggested that the use of chlorhexidine can reestablish the bond strength between dentin and resin composite when a hemostatic agent was applied.

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Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência da contaminação por agentes hemostáticos e da lavagem com clorexidina na resistência de união entre dentina e resina composta. 96 dentes bovinos foram seccionados para a exposição de uma área plana de dentina. Em cada bloco, uma cavidade cônica de 2 mm de espessura, diâmetro externo de 4 mm e diâmetro interno de 3 mm, foi confeccionado com uma ponta diamantada. Os dentes foram divididos em 4 grupos de acordo com o hemostático empregado, como descrito: G1- controle, G2- uso de ViscoStat - Ultradent, G3- uso de Hemosthasegel - FGM, G4- uso de Hemostop - Dentsply. Os grupos foram divididos em 2 subgrupos de acordo com o protocolo de limpeza utilizado (n=12): A - nenhum agente de limpeza; B - limpeza com clorexidina 0.2%. Todas as cavidades foram preenchidas utilizando adesivo dentinário e resina composta, seguindo as instruções dos fabricantes. Após 24 h, os espécimes foram submetidos a protocolo de envelhecimento em cicladora termomecânica. A resistência de união foi determinada pelo teste mecânico de push-out (MPa), as análises estatísticas foram realizadas utilizando ANOVA 2-fatores e teste de Tukey (p<0.05). Diferenças estatisticamente significativas foram detectadas entre todos os grupos tratados com agentes hemostáticos e o grupo controle. O teste post-hoc mostrou que a limpeza da cavidade com clorexidina aumenta significativamente a resistência de união entre dentina e resina composta. Os resultados sugerem que o uso da clorexidina pode restabelecer a resistência de união entre dentina e resina composta quando um agente hemostático é aplicado.

Asunto(s)

Animales , Bovinos , Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Desinfectantes , Hemostáticos/farmacología , Hemostáticos/efectos adversos , Técnicas In Vitro