RESUMEN
Purpose: To observe the efficacy of phosphocreatine pre-administration (PCr-PA) on X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), the second mitochondia-derived activator of caspase (Smac) and apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra of rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI).Methods: A total of 60 healthy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=20): group A (the sham operation group), group B [intraperitoneally injected with 20 mg/kg (10 mg/ml) of saline before preparing the ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model], and group C [intraperitoneally injected with 20 mg/kg (10 mg/ml) of PCr immediately before preparing the IR model]. After 24 h for reperfusion, the neurological function was evaluated and the tissue was sampled to detect expression of XIAP, Smac and caspase-3 positive cells in the ischemic penumbra so as to observe the apoptosis.Results: Compared with group B, neurological deficit scores, numbers of apoptotic cells, expression of Smac,caspase-9 and the numbers of Caspase-3 positive cells were decreased while expression of XIAP were increased in the ischemic penumbra of group C.Conclusions: Phosphocreatine pre-administration may elicit neuroprotective effects in the brain by increasing expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein, reducing expression of second mitochondia-derived activator of caspase, and inhibiting the apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratas , Fosfocreatina/administración & dosificación , Fosfocreatina/agonistas , Fosfocreatina/farmacología , Isquemia Encefálica , Daño por Reperfusión/inducido químicamente , Proteína Inhibidora de la Apoptosis Ligada a X , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Modelos Animales de EnfermedadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to characterize the muscular reservoirs of phosphorilated energetic components of athletes using 31P-MRS. METHODS: The sample was formed by 14 elite athletes from the Center for High Sportive Performance (CAR, Sant Cugat del Vallés, Spain). The pattern of the phosphorilated metabolites was measured from the muscle vastus medialis by 31P-MRS. Oral supplementation of 20 g of Creatine monohydrate was given during 14 days. Two groups of athletes were formed according to their physical characteristics (weight, height, body mass index, maximum O2 uptake). The first group received a placebo (maltodextrine), while the second group received a diet of creatine supplement. The exercise was performed inside the resonance tunnel with a frequency of 60 RPM with both legs. RESULTS: The results showed that significant decrease occurred in phosphocreatine (PCr), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and intracellular pH after supplementation. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the exercise performed by the long distance runners recruited in this study, detected by 31P-MRS, reduced the consumption of PCr during exercise owing to creatine supplementation diet.
Asunto(s)
Metabolismo Energético/fisiología , Ejercicio Físico/fisiología , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Músculo Esquelético/metabolismo , Fosfocreatina/metabolismo , Deportes/fisiología , Adulto , Índice de Masa Corporal , Protocolos Clínicos , Suplementos Dietéticos , Humanos , Fosfocreatina/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
OBJETIVO: Caracterizar as reservas energéticas de metabólitos fosforilados no músculo esquelético de atletas mediante 31P-ERM. MÉTODOS: Amostra deste estudo foi formada por 14 atletas de alto nível do Centro de Alto Rendimento Esportivo (CAR, Sant Cugat del Vallés, Espanha). O padrão de metabólitos fosforilados foi medido no músculo vasto medial por 31P-ERM. A suplementação oral foi realizada durante 14 dias, na forma de 20g de monohidrato de creatina. Os atletas foram determinados conforme as suas características físicas (peso, altura, índice de massa corporal (IMC), consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2 Max.) em dois grupos: placebo (maltodextrina) e suplementação com creatina. O protocolo de exercício foi realizado no interior do túnel de ressonância (160 x 52 cm), a 60 ciclos por minuto para ambas as pernas. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstraram um aumento significativo da fosfocreatina (PCr) durante o exercício, após o período de suplementação, denotando uma redução do seu consumo no grupo que recebeu suplementação com creatina; não houve diminuição significativa do pH intracelular e fosfato inorgânico após a suplementação. CONCLUSÃO: O protocolo de exercício realizado pelos fundistas no Centro de Diagnóstico de Pedralbes permitiu detectar mediante 31P-ERM, no grupo que foi suplementado com creatina, uma diminuição do consumo de PCr durante os períodos de exercício.