RESUMEN

Sorghum-sudangrass hybrid silage has poor fermentation characteristics owing to a high moisture content. Accordingly, a 3 × 4+1 factorial design was applied to investigate the effects of adding different types and amounts of hay (corn stalk, wheat straw, and alfalfa hay at 12.5 kg t-1, 25 kg t-1, 37.5 kg t-1, and 50 kg t-1) on the nutritive value, fermentation quality, 72 h dry matter digestibility, and gas dynamics in vitro to simulate the rumen fermentation of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid silage. Separated silage of sorghum-sudangrass hybrids had a high butyric acid content and a FLIEGs scores evaluation ranking of only “Fair.” The addition of hay significantly improved the fermentation quality of mixed silage. With respect to hay type, adding wheat straw had the best fermentation quality, alfalfa hay had the best nutritive value, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) (662.41 g kg-1), constant fractional rate (C) (0.28 mL h-1), and the average gas production rate (AGPR) (32.70 mL h-1) content. There were no differences in the cumulative gas production at 72 h (GP72h), asymptotic gas production generated at a constant fractional rate (A), and lag time before gas production commenced (lag) among the three hay types. With respect to quantity, 25 kg t-1 hay had the best fermentation quality, 50 kg t-1 hay had the best nutritive value and highest IVDMD content (662.81 g kg-1), 37.5 kg t-1 hay had the highest C (0.28 mL h-1) and AGPR (31.48 mL h-1) contents, 25 kg t-1 hay had the highest Half time (2.20 h), and there were no significant differences in GP72h, A, and lag among the four amounts. Considering both nutritive value and fermentation quality, the best mixed silage mode was 37.5 kg t-1 wheat straw.(AU)

---

A fim de resolver o problema da má qualidade da fermentação de silagem causada pelo alto teor de água de sorgo-sudangrass, no exame investigou a adição de diferentes tipos de feno (talos de milho, talos de trigo e feno de alfafa) e de feno (12,5 kg t-1, 25 kg t-1, 37,5 kg t-1 e 50 kg t-1) tem qual efeito para valor nutricional do armazenamento misto silagem de sorgo-sudangrass e a qualidade de fermentação de silagem e de gases in vitro. O resultado mostra, a silagem separada de híbridos de sorgo-sudangrass tinha um conteúdo de ácido butírico elevado e um ranking de avaliação de pontuações do FLIEG apenas de “Fair”. A adição de armazenamento misto de feno pode melhorar significativamente a qualidade da fermentação da ensilagem de silagem de sorgo-sudangrass, do ponto de vista dos tipos de feno adicionado, o grupo de palha de trigo apresentou a maior qualidade de fermentação da silagem, e o feno de alfafa teve o maior valor nutricional, 72 h de taxa de desaparecimento da matéria seca (IVDMD) do grupo feno de índica, a taxa de produção de gás (c) e a taxa de produção de gás (AGPR) chega à taxa máxima de produção de gás foram as mais altas. Não houve diferença significativa no atraso de produção de gás (lag), produção máxima teórica de gás (A), produção cumulativa de gás de três feno às 72 h (GP72h); No ponto de vista de quantidade adicionada de feno, a qualidade de fermentação da silagem do grupo de 25 kg t-1 foi a melhor, a AGPR também foi a mais longa, e o valor nutricional do grupo de 50 kg t-1 e a IVDMD foram os mais altos. O c e o AGPR do grupo de 37.5 kg t-1 foram os maiores, adicionando feno de peso diferente não teve efeito significativo sobre GP72h de sorgo-sudangrass, A e lag，Considerando a qualidade da fermentação da silagem e o valor nutricional da ração, o melhor modo de armazenamento misto foi adicionado 37.5 kg t-1 de palha de trigo a sorgo-sudangrass.(AU)

Asunto(s)

Ensilaje/análisis , Sorghum , Fermentación , Flatulencia/terapia , Flatulencia/veterinaria , Valor Nutritivo , Aditivos Alimentarios , Rumen , Técnicas In Vitro

RESUMEN

Sorghum-sudangrass hybrid silage has poor fermentation characteristics owing to a high moisture content. Accordingly, a 3 × 4+1 factorial design was applied to investigate the effects of adding different types and amounts of hay (corn stalk, wheat straw, and alfalfa hay at 12.5 kg t-1, 25 kg t-1, 37.5 kg t-1, and 50 kg t-1) on the nutritive value, fermentation quality, 72 h dry matter digestibility, and gas dynamics in vitro to simulate the rumen fermentation of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid silage. Separated silage of sorghum-sudangrass hybrids had a high butyric acid content and a FLIEG’s scores evaluation ranking of only “Fair.” The addition of hay significantly improved the fermentation quality of mixed silage. With respect to hay type, adding wheat straw had the best fermentation quality, alfalfa hay had the best nutritive value, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) (662.41 g kg-1), constant fractional rate (C) (0.28 mL h-1), and the average gas production rate (AGPR) (32.70 mL h-1) content. There were no differences in the cumulative gas production at 72 h (GP72h), asymptotic gas production generated at a constant fractional rate (A), and lag time before gas production commenced (lag) among the three hay types. With respect to quantity, 25 kg t-1 hay had the best fermentation quality, 50 kg t-1 hay had the best nutritive value and highest IVDMD content (662.81 g kg-1), 37.5 kg t-1 hay had the highest C (0.28 mL h-1) and AGPR (31.48 mL h-1) contents, 25 kg t-1 hay had the highest Half time (2.20 h), and there were no significant differences in GP72h, A, and lag among the four amounts. Considering both nutritive value and fermentation quality, the best mixed silage mode was 37.5 kg t-1 wheat straw.

---

A fim de resolver o problema da má qualidade da fermentação de silagem causada pelo alto teor de água de sorgo-sudangrass, no exame investigou a adição de diferentes tipos de feno (talos de milho, talos de trigo e feno de alfafa) e de feno (12,5 kg t-1, 25 kg t-1, 37,5 kg t-1 e 50 kg t-1) tem qual efeito para valor nutricional do armazenamento misto silagem de sorgo-sudangrass e a qualidade de fermentação de silagem e de gases in vitro. O resultado mostra, a silagem separada de híbridos de sorgo-sudangrass tinha um conteúdo de ácido butírico elevado e um ranking de avaliação de pontuações do FLIEG apenas de “Fair”. A adição de armazenamento misto de feno pode melhorar significativamente a qualidade da fermentação da ensilagem de silagem de sorgo-sudangrass, do ponto de vista dos tipos de feno adicionado, o grupo de palha de trigo apresentou a maior qualidade de fermentação da silagem, e o feno de alfafa teve o maior valor nutricional, 72 h de taxa de desaparecimento da matéria seca (IVDMD) do grupo feno de índica, a taxa de produção de gás (c) e a taxa de produção de gás (AGPR) chega à taxa máxima de produção de gás foram as mais altas. Não houve diferença significativa no atraso de produção de gás (lag), produção máxima teórica de gás (A), produção cumulativa de gás de três feno às 72 h (GP72h); No ponto de vista de quantidade adicionada de feno, a qualidade de fermentação da silagem do grupo de 25 kg t-1 foi a melhor, a AGPR também foi a mais longa, e o valor nutricional do grupo de 50 kg t-1 e a IVDMD foram os mais altos. O c e o AGPR do grupo de 37.5 kg t-1 foram os maiores, adicionando feno de peso diferente não teve efeito significativo sobre GP72h de sorgo-sudangrass, A e lag，Considerando a qualidade da fermentação da silagem e o valor nutricional da ração, o melhor modo de armazenamento misto foi adicionado 37.5 kg t-1 de palha de trigo a sorgo-sudangrass.

Asunto(s)

Fermentación , Flatulencia/terapia , Flatulencia/veterinaria , Ensilaje/análisis , Sorghum , Valor Nutritivo , Aditivos Alimentarios , Rumen , Técnicas In Vitro

RESUMEN

AIM: To test efficacy and durability of a polyphenol-based prebiotic treatment for acute gastroenteritis in a 300 patient double-blinded clinical study. METHODS: A two-arm randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study was conducted at two public health centers in Managua, Nicaragua. Potential subjects who qualified based on inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly assigned to one of two treatment arms. Two thirds of the subjects (n = 200) received a single titrated 0.5-2 ounce liquid dose of a novel polyphenol-based prebiotic (Aliva(TM)) diluted with 2 to eight ounces of oral rehydration solution (ORS). One third of the subjects (n = 100) were randomized to receive two liquid ounces of a taste and color-matched placebo diluted in eight ounces of ORS. The outcome variables measured included stool consistency, stomach discomfort, gas and bloating, and heartburn/indigestion. The study subjects ranked their stool consistency and the severity of their subjective symptoms at specified intervals from immediately prior to treatment, to five days post treatment. All subjects recorded their symptoms in a study diary. The study subjects also recorded the time and consistencies of all stools in their study diary. Stool consistency was compared to the picture and descriptions on the Bristol Stool Chart, and any stool rated greater than Type 4 was considered unformed. The clinical study team reviewed the study diaries with subjects during daily follow-up calls and close-out visits, and recorded the data in case report forms. RESULTS: After receiving a single dose, Aliva treated subjects reported shorter median time to their last unformed stool (1 h 50 min) than placebo treated subjects (67 h 50 min.), a statistically significant difference [95%CI: -3178-(-2018), P = 0.000]. Aliva treated subjects also reported shorter median their time to last unformed stool (TTLUS) (1 hrs 50 min) than placebo treated subjects (67 h 50 min), which was also a statistically significant difference (P = 0.000).The percentage of subjects recording TTLUS was greater for those who received Aliva vs placebo at 30 min (P = 0.027), 2 h (P = 0.000), 24 h (P = 0.000), 48 h (P = 0.000), 72 h (P = 0.000), and 5 d (P = 0.000) post dose. There were 146 study subjects 14 years old or older, which was the criteria set for reliable self-reporting of subjective symptoms. Of those 146 subjects, 142 reported stomach pain and discomfort during screening. From 90 minutes [95%CI: -1.8-(-0.01), P = 0.048] through 5 d [95%CI: -3.4-(-1.9), P = 0.000), the subjects treated with Aliva experienced significantly less stomach pain and discomfort than those who received placebo. Of those same 146 participants, 114 subjects reported gas and bloating during screening. Similarly, subjects who received Aliva experienced significantly less gas and bloating from 2 h [95%CI: -1.7-(-0.39), P = 0.030] through 5 d (95%CI: -2.0-0.42, P = 0.005) compared with the placebo arm. CONCLUSION: In this double-blind, randomized clinical study, subjects with acute gastroenteritis receiving Aliva prebiotic showed significant and sustained improvement of multiple symptoms vs those receiving placebo.

Asunto(s)

Gastroenteritis/terapia , Intestinos/microbiología , Polifenoles , Prebióticos , Dolor Abdominal/microbiología , Dolor Abdominal/fisiopatología , Dolor Abdominal/terapia , Enfermedad Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Preescolar , Defecación , Método Doble Ciego , Heces , Femenino , Flatulencia/microbiología , Flatulencia/fisiopatología , Flatulencia/terapia , Gastroenteritis/diagnóstico , Gastroenteritis/microbiología , Gastroenteritis/fisiopatología , Humanos , Intestinos/fisiopatología , Masculino , Nicaragua , Recuperación de la Función , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Abdominal bloating and distension are common symptoms in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), however, relatively little is known about their treatment. AIM: To review the treatment trials for abdominal bloating and distension. METHODS: A literature review in Medline for English-language publications through February 2010 of randomised, controlled treatment trials in adults. Study quality was assessed according to Jadad's score. RESULTS: Of the 89 studies reviewed, 18% evaluated patients with functional dyspepsia, 61% with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), 10% with chronic constipation and 10% with other FGIDs. No studies were conducted in patients diagnosed with functional abdominal bloating. The majority of trials investigated the efficacy of prokinetics or probiotics, although studies are heterogeneous with respect to diagnostic criteria and outcome measures. In general, bloating and/or distension were evaluated as secondary endpoints or as individual symptoms as part of a composite score rather than as primary endpoints. A greater proportion of IBS patients with constipation reported improvement in bloating with tegaserod vs. placebo (51% vs. 40%, P<0.0001) and lubiprostone (P<0.001). A greater proportion of nonconstipating IBS patients reported adequate relief of bloating with rifaximin vs. placebo (40% vs. 30%, P<0.001). Bloating was significantly reduced with the probiotics, Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 (1×10(8) dose vs. placebo: -0.71 vs. -0.44, P<0.05) and B. animalis (live vs. heat-killed: -0.56±1.01 vs. -0.31±0.87, P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Prokinetics, lubiprostone, antibiotics and probiotics demonstrate efficacy for the treatment of bloating and/or distension in certain FGIDs, but other agents have either not been studied adequately or have shown conflicting results.

Asunto(s)

Abdomen/fisiopatología , Flatulencia/fisiopatología , Dilatación Gástrica/fisiopatología , Fármacos Gastrointestinales/uso terapéutico , Tránsito Gastrointestinal/fisiología , Probióticos/uso terapéutico , Dilatación Patológica , Flatulencia/terapia , Gases , Dilatación Gástrica/terapia , Tránsito Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto

RESUMEN

En el presente artículo, el autor recuerda trabajos de investigación realizados, desde hace cuarenticuatro años, para aclarar la etiopatogenia y mejorar el diagnóstico y tratamiento del síndrome flatulencia.

---

In the present paper, the author reminds investigations performed, since forty-four years ago, to clarify the ethiopathogenesis and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the flatulence syndrome.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Aerofagia , Flatulencia/diagnóstico , Flatulencia/etiología , Flatulencia/terapia , Patogenesia Homeopática

RESUMEN

La flatulencia es una molestia comúnmente asociada a los problemas funcionales digestivos, motivo de consulta gastroenterológica frecuente. Si bien la causa exacta de la flatulencia no esta dilucidada; la microbiota fermentadora puede ser un factor etiológico importante. El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de evaluar la eficacia de la Nitazoxanida (Noxon), como agente con efecto sobre la microbiota, en el control de la sintomatología flatulenta en un grupo de la consulta ambulatoria. Se comparó con un grupo similar al que se le administró placebo. El presente estudio es un ensayo clínico controlado con un diseño a doble ciego, en el que participan 120 pacientes con criterio de flatulencia, de los cuales a 60 se les administró Nitazoxanida 500 mg, cada 12 horas por 3 días y a los 60 restantes placebo cada 12 horas por tres días, luego de una semana fueron reevaluados y sometidos a u test de percepción de mejoría clínica (Jerome Frank). Tanto el Nitazoxanida como el grupo placebo fueron similares en cuanto edad, sexo, síntomas al ingreso, presencia de ansiedad, depresión y trastornos del sueño. En el grupo Nitazoxanida se encontró un promedio de puntaje de mejoría de 4.02 (75.31 por ciento) DS 0.94 y con placebo 2.35 (19.58 por ciento) D.S. 0.63. con porcentaje de error de 0.001. Siendo la percepción de mejoría global del grupo Nitazoxanida de 91.67 por ciento y del grupo placebo de 36.67 por ciento. Lo cual es estadísticamente significativo. Se concluye que el uso de Nitazoxanida produce una percepción de mejoría en el síntoma de una nueva indicación terapéutica de la Nitazoxanida. Se encuentra una alta prevalencia de ansiedad, depresión y de trastornos del sueño en pacientes con flatulencia.

---

Flatulence is a very common complaint related to functional gastrointestinal disorders. We know functional disorders in the main cause of consultation in gastroenterology offices. We donÆt know the exact reason of flatulence, but the intestinal fermentative microbiota could be an important etiologic factor. The objective of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the Nitazoxanida, on the clinical improvement of the flatulence in a group of patients of ambulatory consultation with respect to another group that receives placebo. The present article, is a controlled randomized clinical study designed to double blind, in whom 120 patients with flatulence criteria participate, of which 60 patients received placebo every 12 hours by 3 days, after one week were reevaluated, and they were put under a test of perception about clinical improvement (Jerome Frank). The Nitazoxanida group and the placebo were very similar in age, sex, symptoms to the entrance, presence of anxiety, depression and upheavals of the dream. In the Nitazoxanida group was an average of improvement of 4,02 (75.31 percentage) DS 0.94 and with placebo 2.35 (19.58 percentage) D.S. 0.63. With percentage of 0.001 error. Being the perception of global improvement in the Nitazoxanida group 91.67 percentage and in the placebo group 36.67 percentage. Which is statistically significant. The study conclude that Nitazoxanida group produce a significative improvement in the perception of relief of flatulence in comparison to the placebo group. The study sets out a new therapeutic indication of the active principle Nitazoxanida, in flatulence. We found is a high prevalence of anxiety, depression and of upheavals of the dream in patients with flatulence.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Femenino , Antiparasitarios/uso terapéutico , Flatulencia/terapia , Placebos/uso terapéutico , Método Doble Ciego

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Aerofagia , Fermentación , Flatulencia/diagnóstico , Flatulencia/patología , Flatulencia/terapia

RESUMEN

"Were are what we eat" - so the old adage goes, so maybe it is not surprising that many people have problems with their digestive system. These problems can vary from a bit of indigestion accasionally, to serious and incapacitating inflammatory bowel disease.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Homeopatía , Trastornos de Alimentación y de la Ingestión de Alimentos/terapia , Terapéutica Homeopática , Pirosis/terapia , Dispepsia/terapia , Flatulencia/terapia

RESUMEN

Dix cas cliniques succincts presentes a la Societe Royale Belge d'Homeopathie avec une etude repertoriale et de la matiere medicale pour chacun des remedes

Asunto(s)

Plantas Medicinales , Flatulencia/terapia , Absinthium/uso terapéutico , Trastornos de Ansiedad/terapia , Digitalis/uso terapéutico , Alcoholismo/terapia , Avena/uso terapéutico , Otitis/terapia , Chamomilla/uso terapéutico , Reflujo Gastroesofágico/terapia , Aethusa cynapium/uso terapéutico , Artritis/terapia , /uso terapéutico , Queloide/terapia , Bellis perennis/uso terapéutico , Uretritis/terapia , Petroselinum sativum/uso terapéutico , Estrés Psicológico/terapia , Paris quadrifolia/uso terapéutico

RESUMEN

At present physicians focus their medicine studies in well defined illnesses as peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, ulcerative colitis and so on. However, patients reveal their discomfort to us, that is their symptoms or group of symptoms (syndromes). For this reason, our concern for many years has been the study of symptoms and syndromes. In this review we will be looking at the concepts and information gathered with respect to intestinal gases, clinically known as flatulence.

Asunto(s)

Flatulencia , Dolor Abdominal/etiología , Aerofagia/complicaciones , Antiespumantes/uso terapéutico , Dieta , Eructación , Fermentación , Flatulencia/diagnóstico , Flatulencia/etiología , Flatulencia/metabolismo , Flatulencia/terapia , Gases/análisis , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/complicaciones , Humanos , Intestinos/microbiología , Intestinos/fisiopatología , Intolerancia a la Lactosa/complicaciones , Psicoterapia

RESUMEN

Existe-t-il une pathologie specifique du systeme digestif du vieillard? Apres renseignements pris aupres de plusieurs specialistes gastro-enterologues, rien n'est prouve sur le fait qu'un tube digestif vieux presente des caracteristiques precises, et donc pas de pathologies ni de maladies propres au troisieme age. (AU)

Asunto(s)

Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/terapia , Homeopatía , Flatulencia/terapia , Estreñimiento/terapia

RESUMEN

El empacho es una enfermedad popular que se presenta en toda América Latina, desde el sur y suroeste de los Estados Unidos de América del Norte hasta la Patagonia. En México tenemos testimonios de su existencia una vez llegados los europeos. Para este trabajo hemos revisado 17 textos coloniales que documentan los diversos elementos y procedimientos útiles para la curación del empacho, entre ellos destacan las plantas medicinales, tanto de origen europeo como mesoamericano. El doctor Francisco Hernández es quien informa el mayor número de especies vegetales contra el empacho; en tanto que el médico y sacerdote Agustín Farfán es el más importante autor en función de la extensión y prolijidad de los remedios que recomienda

Asunto(s)

Plantas Medicinales/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Gastrointestinales/terapia , Medicina Tradicional/historia , Medicina de Hierbas/historia , Flatulencia/terapia , Historia de la Medicina

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Femenino , Lactante , Cólico/etiología , Conducta en la Lactancia/fisiología , Cólico/prevención & control , Cólico/terapia , Flatulencia/prevención & control , Flatulencia/terapia , Parasimpatolíticos

Asunto(s)

Animales , Gatos , Perros , Terapéutica Homeopática , Marcha , Glonoinum/uso terapéutico , Insuficiencia Renal/terapia , Sulphur/uso terapéutico , Lycopodium clavatum/uso terapéutico , Flatulencia/terapia , Zincum Metallicum/uso terapéutico , Estomatitis/terapia , Aurum Metallicum/uso terapéutico

RESUMEN

Los síntomas atribuidos al exceso de gas constituyen un motivo de consulta importante para el Médico General, Internista y Gastroenterólogo, sin embargo esta patología ha recibido poca atención cientifica y el tratamiento generalmente esta basado en conceptos anecdóticos y subjetivos, sin un claro entendimiento de la fisiopatología de esos síntomas. Las molestias atribuidas al exceso de gas son básicamente tres: El eructo excesivo, dolor abdominal y "llenura" y la excesiva expulsión de gas por el ano. El propósito de esta revisión es discutir brevemente la fisología de gas gastrointestinal, analizar los síntomas relacionados con el mismo y plantear un abordaje terapéutico para estos pacientes

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Flatulencia/fisiopatología , Flatulencia/terapia , Dióxido de Carbono , Sistema Digestivo , Gases , Hidrógeno , Metano , Nitrógeno , Oxígeno

Asunto(s)

Informes de Casos , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Síntomas Claves , Climaterio , /terapia , Alcoholismo/terapia , Flatulencia/terapia , Trastornos de Ansiedad/terapia , Depresión , Lycopodium clavatum/uso terapéutico , Datura stramonium/uso terapéutico , Kali Carbonicum/uso terapéutico , Magnesia Carbonica/uso terapéutico

RESUMEN

O excesso de gás no abdome é uma queixa extremamente comum na medicina. Existem poucos estudos científicos a respeito, razäo por que os médicos prescrevem tratamento sem conhecimento exato sobre a fisiopatología desta entidade. O objetivo dos autores é rever o problema do gás gastrointestinal, com particular ênfase sobre o diagnóstico etiológico e o tratamento, e apresentam sua experiência no tratamento desta condiçäo

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Flatulencia/fisiopatología , Flatulencia/terapia

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Niño , Enfermedades del Sistema Digestivo/terapia , Vómitos/terapia , Diarrea Infantil/terapia , Cólico/terapia , Flatulencia/terapia