RESUMEN
Durante la pandemia por COVID-19, la presencia de un incremento de fracturas y/o fisuras verticales ha sido reportada por Cirujanos Dentistas en diferentes países y foros, Objetivo: Determinar por medio de un análisis si existe una relación con este aumento de casos y la evolu- ción de la pandemia. Material y método: Se recopilaron los casos de fracturas verticales no restaurables durante el periodo de mayor índice de casos de contagio y defunciones por COVID-19 en la Ciudad de Chihuahua, México. Resultados: Durante el primer pico de casos y defunciones causadas por la pandemia, se incrementó el número de casos de fracturas verticales no tratables. Conclusiones: Existió una relación entre la evolución de la pandemia con la aparición de casos de fracturas dentales verticales no restaurables (AU)
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the presence of an increase in fractures and/or vertical fissures has been reported by Dental Surgeons in different countries and forums. Objective: To determine through an analysis, if there is a relationship with this increase in cases and the evolution of the pandemic. Material and methods: The cases of non-restorable vertical fractures were collected during the period of highest rate of cases of contagion and deaths due to COVID-19 in the City of Chihuahua, Mexico. Results: during the 1st peak of cases and deaths caused by the pandemic, the number of cases of untreatable vertical fractures increased. Conclusions: There was a relationship between the evolution of the pandemic and the appearance of cases of non-restorable vertical dental fractures (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fracturas de los Dientes/epidemiología , COVID-19 , México/epidemiología , Tratamiento del Conducto Radicular , Raíz del Diente/lesiones , Fisuras Dentales/epidemiología , Distribución por Edad y Sexo , COVID-19/mortalidad , COVID-19/transmisiónRESUMEN
Se presentan los casos de fracturas verticales sintomáticos que ameritaron la extracción de las órganos dentales afectados en un periodo de cinco meses durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en la ciudad de Chihuahua, México. Material y métodos: Se recolectaron 26 muestras para el estudio, proporcionadas por los cirujanos dentistas integrantes del Grupo de Egresados de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua. Resultados: Los resultados muestran diferencias a lo reportado previamente respecto al tipo de diente involucrado, sexo de los pacientes, restauraciones coronales y tratamientos endodóncicos previos. Conclusiones: Se puede suponer que las modificaciones en el estilo de vida de la población, sumadas a la angustia permanente, pueden ser factores que contribuyen a las fracturas dentales (AU)
There are cases of symptomatic vertical fractures that warranted the extraction of affected teeth are presented, over a period of five months during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chihuahua City, Mexico. Material and methods: 26 samples were collected for the study, provided by the dentist who were members of the Graduate Group of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Autonomous University of Chihuahua. Results: The results show differences from what was previously reported regarding the type of tooth involved, sex of patients, coronal restorations and previous endodontic treatments. Conclusions: It can be assumed that changes in the lifestyle of the population, added to permanent distress, may be factors to preserve dental fractures (AU)
Asunto(s)
Fracturas de los Dientes/epidemiología , Raíz del Diente/lesiones , Infecciones por Coronavirus , COVID-19 , Tratamiento del Conducto Radicular/estadística & datos numéricos , Facultades de Odontología , Diente Premolar , Fisuras Dentales/epidemiología , Fotomicrografía , Técnica de Perno Muñón/estadística & datos numéricos , Corona del Diente/lesiones , Restauración Dental Permanente/estadística & datos numéricos , Distribución por Edad y Sexo , México/epidemiología , Diente MolarRESUMEN
Introdução: As fissuras labiopalatinas são as malformações congênitas mais comuns dentre as que ocorrem na cabeça e pescoço, e se devem à falha de fusão dos processos faciais embrionários durante as primeiras 12 semanas de gestação. Sua apresentação fenotípica é variada e com diferentes níveis de complexidade. O objetivo é determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes portadores de fissuras labiopalatinas atendidos no Hospital Regional da Asa Norte (HRAN) quanto a sexo, tipo de fissura, lateralidade, idade, presença de síndromes associadas e procedimentos cirúrgicos corretivos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo retrospectivo no qual foram analisados 322 prontuários de pacientes atendidos pela equipe do HRAN no período de agosto de 2013 a julho de 2017. Os dados colhidos foram lançados em planilha Excel e submetidos à análise estatística. O trabalho foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa. Resultados: Dos 322 pacientes atendidos no serviço, 169 eram do sexo masculino (52,48%). O tipo de fissura mais frequente foi a transforâmica (65,25%). Com relação à lateralidade, observou-se maior predomínio da fissura à esquerda (20,50%). Apenas 19% dos pacientes possuem malformações associadas. A queiloplastia foi a correção cirúrgica mais realizada pelo serviço (54%). A idade dos pacientes variou de 1 ano até 53 anos, com mediana de 1,87 anos. Conclusão: O estudo contribuiu com informações importantes para a sociedade, governo e profissionais envolvidos no tratamento. Em consonância com a literatura, observou-se que a fissura mais prevalente foi a transforâmica unilateral esquerda e a cirurgia mais realizada foi a queiloplastia.
Introduction: Cleft lip and palate, the most common congenital malformations of the head and neck, result from fusion failure of embryonic facial processes during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Their phenotypic presentation varies and involves different levels of complexity. The objective is to determine the epidemiological profile of patients with cleft lip and palate treated at the Hospital Regional da Asa Norte regarding sex, cleft type, laterality, age, presence of associated syndromes, and corrective surgical procedures. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study of 322 medical records of patients treated by the HRAN team from August 2013 to July 2017. The data collected were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and submitted to statistical analysis. The study received ethical approval. Results: Of the 322 patients enrolled in the service, 169 were male (52.48%). The most frequent type of cleft was the trans-foramen (65.25%). With regard to laterality, a higher prevalence of cleft was observed on the left (20.50%). Only 19% of the patients had associated malformations. Cheiloplasty was the most frequent surgical correction performed by service (54%). The age of the patients was 153 years (median, 1.87 years). Conclusion: The study contributes information important to society, government, and treatment professionals. In line with the literature, the more prevalent cleft was unilateral left trans-foramen and the most frequent surgery was cheiloplasty.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pacientes/estadística & datos numéricos , Anomalías Congénitas , Fisuras Dentales/congénito , Labio Leporino , Fisura del Paladar/cirugía , Fisura del Paladar/complicaciones , Fisura del Paladar/genética , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodosRESUMEN
Cáries não são comuns e são pouco estudadas em cães e gatos. Os dentes primeiros molares superiores e os primeiros molares inferiores dos cães são descritos como os dentes com maior probabilidade de ter uma lesão de cárie devido a presença de acidentes anatômicos como a presença de fóssulas e fissuras que favorecem ao acúmulo de placa e alimento fermentável. Outras alterações como persistência de dentes decíduos e dentes supranumerários também podem funcionar com fatores predisponentes. Na ausência de métodos que avaliem o risco de cárie, sugere-se que estas alterações anatômicas sejam manejas preventivamente.
Caries are not common and are poorly studied in dogs and cats. The maxillary first molar teeth and mandibular first molars of dogs are described as the teeth most likely to have a caries lesion due to the presence of anatomical accidents such as the presence of pits and fissures that favor the accumulation of plaque and fermentable food. Other changes such as persistence of deciduous teeth and supernumerary teeth may also work as predisposing factors. In the absence of methods that assess the risk of caries, it is suggested that these anatomical changes are handled preventively.
Las caries no son comunes y son poco estudiadas en perros y gatos. Los dientes primeros molares superiores y las primeros molares inferiores de los perros se describen como los dientes con mayor probabilidad de tener una lesión de caries debido a la presencia de accidentes anatómicos como la presencia de fósiles y fisuras que favorecen la acumulación de placa y alimento fermentable. Otras alteraciones como la persistencia de dientes deciduos y dientes supernumerarios también pueden funcionar con factores predisponentes. En ausencia de métodos que evalúen el riesgode caries, se sugiere que estas alteraciones anatómicas sean manejas preventivamente.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Perros , Caries Dental/veterinaria , Fisuras Dentales/diagnóstico , Fisuras Dentales/veterinaria , Susceptibilidad a Caries Dentarias , Diente Primario , Diente Supernumerario/veterinariaRESUMEN
Cáries não são comuns e são pouco estudadas em cães e gatos. Os dentes primeiros molares superiores e os primeiros molares inferiores dos cães são descritos como os dentes com maior probabilidade de ter uma lesão de cárie devido a presença de acidentes anatômicos como a presença de fóssulas e fissuras que favorecem ao acúmulo de placa e alimento fermentável. Outras alterações como persistência de dentes decíduos e dentes supranumerários também podem funcionar com fatores predisponentes. Na ausência de métodos que avaliem o risco de cárie, sugere-se que estas alterações anatômicas sejam manejas preventivamente.(AU)
Caries are not common and are poorly studied in dogs and cats. The maxillary first molar teeth and mandibular first molars of dogs are described as the teeth most likely to have a caries lesion due to the presence of anatomical accidents such as the presence of pits and fissures that favor the accumulation of plaque and fermentable food. Other changes such as persistence of deciduous teeth and supernumerary teeth may also work as predisposing factors. In the absence of methods that assess the risk of caries, it is suggested that these anatomical changes are handled preventively.(AU)
Las caries no son comunes y son poco estudiadas en perros y gatos. Los dientes primeros molares superiores y las primeros molares inferiores de los perros se describen como los dientes con mayor probabilidad de tener una lesión de caries debido a la presencia de accidentes anatómicos como la presencia de fósiles y fisuras que favorecen la acumulación de placa y alimento fermentable. Otras alteraciones como la persistencia de dientes deciduos y dientes supernumerarios también pueden funcionar con factores predisponentes. En ausencia de métodos que evalúen el riesgode caries, se sugiere que estas alteraciones anatómicas sean manejas preventivamente.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Perros , Fisuras Dentales/diagnóstico , Fisuras Dentales/veterinaria , Caries Dental/veterinaria , Susceptibilidad a Caries Dentarias , Diente Primario , Diente Supernumerario/veterinariaRESUMEN
Esta revisión analiza el manejo de caries dentinaria profunda, considerando los eventos histiofisiológicos y biomoleculares del complejo dentino pulpar en dientes permanentes. Se destacan recursos clínicos para evaluar el grado de progresión de la lesión y guiar la remoción de caries. Se describen la Protección Pulpar Indirecta, la Técnica de eliminación de caries en etapas y la Remoción parcial de caries presentando casos clínicos realizados en Clínica Integrada II de la Facultad de Odontología Universidad de la República (Uruguay), con sus seguimientos. Estos tratamientos sencillos y de bajo costo, al alcance de todos los clínicos, disminuyen significativamente las exposiciones pulpares. El éxito de estas acciones terapéuticas depende de una adecuada selección del caso, de la integridad de la restauración y del seguimiento dentro de un plan preventivo integral.
This review analyzes how to treat deep carious lesions taking into consideration histophysiologic and biomolecular events of the dentin-pulp complex in permanent teeth. We focus on clinical resources to assess the degree of lesion progression and to guide the removal of carious lesions. Indirect pulp treatment, Stepwise excavation and Partial caries removal are described by presenting clinical cases, and their follow-ups, led by students of Integrated Clinic II of the School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República- Uruguay. These simple and inexpensive treatments are available to all clinicians and significantly decrease the number of pulp exposures. The success of these therapeutic options depends on the proper selection of cases and on the integrity of the restoration within a comprehensive preventive plan.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Remineralización Dental , Fisuras Dentales , Caries Dental/terapiaRESUMEN
La fisura labio palatina es una malformación congénita que afecta al paciente y a su familia de muchas maneras, por lo que se requiere la intervención multidisciplinaria de diversas áreas de la salud. Esta condición causa problemas estéticos, fonéticos, auditivos, maloclusiones, anomalías y ausencias dentarias, colapso trasversal del maxilar y compromisos afectivos. Las deficiencias transversales son comunes en este tipo de pacientes (1). La expansión maxilar es necesaria en el tratamiento de estos pacientes (2) (3). La combinación ortodóntica-quirúrgica nos ayuda para expandir el maxilar en adultos. El proceso consiste en el corte de la sutura palatina media, seguida de la aplicación de un tornillo hyrax para conseguir la expansión (4).
The cleft lip is a congenital malformation that affects the patient and his family in many ways, so that multidisciplinary intervention in various areas of health is required. This malformation causes besides physical problems and cosmetics, phonics, hearing problems, malocclusions, anomalies and missing teeth, maxillary transverse collapse, emotional and psychological problems. Maxillary expansion often necessary to treat these patients. Orthodontic-surgical combination helps us to expand the maxilla in adults. The process involves cutting the mid palatal suture followed by application of a Hyrax screw to achieve expansion. The separation of the suture is confirmed with an oclusal radiograph and the presence of a diastema between the maxillary central incisors.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Obturadores Palatinos , Anomalías Congénitas , Anomalías Dentarias , Fisuras Dentales , Anodoncia , MaxilarRESUMEN
Aim: : To describe the clinical, demographic and environmental features associated with NSCL/P(nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate) patients born in western Parana state, Brazil. Methods: Thiscross-sectional, observational, retrospective study included 188 patients attended at the Associationof Carriers of Cleft Lip and Palate - APOFILAB, Cascavel-Parana, between 2012 and 2014.Information on demographic characteristics, medical and dental histories and life style factors wereobtained from records and personal interviews. Results: Among the 188 patients, cleft lip and palate(CLP) was the most frequent subtype (55.8%), followed by cleft lip only (CLO, 25.0%) and cleft palateonly (CPO, 19.2%). Caucasian males were the most affected, although no differences among typesof cleft were observed. The otorhinolaryngologic and respiratory alterations were the most frequentsystemic alterations in NSCL/P patients, and more than 80% of the NSCL/P mothers reported novitamin supplements during the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: This study revealed thatthe prevalence of nonsyndromic oral cleft types in this cohort was quite similar to previously reportedprevalence rates. Systemic alterations were identified among 23.4% of the patients and patientswith CLP were the most affected. History of maternal exposition to environmental factors related tononsyndromic oral clefts was frequent and most mothers reported no vitamin supplements duringthe pregnancy. This study highlights the importance of identifying systemic alterations and riskfactors associated with NSCL/P in the Brazilian population for planning comprehensive strategiesand integrated actions for the development of preventive programs and treatment.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Labio Leporino/epidemiología , Fisuras Dentales/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Alimentos para Embarazadas y Nodrizas , Promoción de la Salud , Enfermedades de la Boca , Embarazo , Nutrición PrenatalAsunto(s)
Ácido Edético/administración & dosificación , Clorhexidina/administración & dosificación , Dentina , Fisuras Dentales/diagnóstico , Hipoclorito de Sodio/administración & dosificación , Preparación del Conducto Radicular/métodos , Irrigantes del Conducto Radicular/administración & dosificación , Microtomografía por Rayos X/métodosRESUMEN
INTRODUÇÃO: A incidência da microssomia craniofacial é de 1 em 5600 nascidos vivos. É a segunda anomalia craniofacial mais comum após as fissuras labiais e palatinas. A fissura número 7 está associada entre 17 a 62% dos casos de microssomia hemifacial e começa na comissura labial, podendo prolongar-se até a linha capilar pré-auricular. As deformidades da orelha externa vão desde excesso de pele pré-auricular até ausência completa da orelha. A comissuroplastia está indicada em pacientes com macrostomia ou fissura facial lateral verdadeira. O objetivo é demonstrar dois casos de macrostomia e fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema. MÉTODOS: Em nosso estudo descrevemos dois casos de macrostomia tratados com retalhos de mucosa e plástica em Z. RESULTADOS: Obtivemos um ótimo reposicionamento das comissuras nos dois pacientes, com excelente resultado estético. CONCLUSÃO: A técnica utilizada é de fácil reprodutibilidade e corrige a macrostomia estética e funcionalmente.
INTRODUCTION: The incidence of craniofacial microsomia is 1 in 5600 live births. This is the second most common craniofacial anomaly after cleft lip and palate. Tessier cleft 7 is associated with 17% to 62% of cases of hemifacial microsomia. It begins on the labial commissure and may extend to the pre-auricular capillary line. Deformities of the external ear range from excessive pre-auricular skin to complete absence of the ear. Commissuroplasty is indicated in patients with macrostomia or true lateral facial cleft. The objective is to present two cases of macrostomia and perform a review of related literature. METHODS: In this study, we describe two cases of macrostomia treated with mucous flaps and zetaplasty. RESULTS: We obtained optimal repositioning of labial commissures in two patients, with excellent aesthetic results. CONCLUSION: The technique used is easily reproducible, and aesthetically and functionally corrects macrostomia.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Preescolar , Historia del Siglo XXI , Terapéutica , Fisuras Dentales , Labio Leporino , Anomalías Craneofaciales , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Cara , Colgajos Tisulares Libres , Labio , Macrostomía , Membrana Mucosa , Terapéutica/métodos , Fisuras Dentales/cirugía , Labio Leporino/cirugía , Labio Leporino/terapia , Anomalías Craneofaciales/cirugía , Anomalías Craneofaciales/patología , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Cara/anomalías , Cara/cirugía , Colgajos Tisulares Libres/cirugía , Labio/anomalías , Labio/cirugía , Macrostomía/cirugía , Macrostomía/patología , Membrana Mucosa/cirugíaRESUMEN
O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a influência da variação da angulagem horizontal no diagnóstico de FRVs em dentes tratados endodonticamente. Vinte e dois pré-molares permanentes com raízes retas e ápices formados foram divididos em grupos: Grupo 01(controle): dois dentes, um deles com núcleo intrarradicular; Grupo 2: dez dentes com fratura; Grupo 3: dez dentes com fratura e núcleo intrarradicular. As amostras foram submetidas a testes de compressão com uma carga de 200 kg a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm / min. Radiografias periapicais foram obtidas (70 kVp, 10 mA, e tempo de exposição de 0,3 seg.) pelo Sistema Digora® em ângulos horizontais, na direção orto radial e com uma mudança de ângulo de 25º para a direita e para a esquerda. As imagens foram avaliadas por cinco endodontistas. O diagnóstico de dentes fraturados e não fraturados foi maior para o 1.º pré-molar (51,66%) que para o 2.º (43,1%). A presença de fratura vertical foi registrada em 60,9% e 66,7% para o 1.º e 2.º prémolares, respectivamente. A presença de fratura mostra associação estatisticamente significante com a presença de núcleo intrarradicular e a variação de angulagem no 2.º pré-molar (p-valor = 0,011). Esses resultados sugerem que variações na angulagem horizontal podem otimizar o diagnóstico de FRVs... (AU)
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of changing horizontal angle during periapical radiography on the diagnosis of VRFs in endodontically treated teeth. Twenty-two single-rooted premolars with straight root canals and apex formation were divided into groups: Group 1 (control) - two non-fractured teeth, one of them with intraradicular post; Group 2 - ten fractured teeth; and Group 3 - ten fractured teeth with intraradicular post. Specimens were subjected to compression testing with a load of 200 kg at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. Periapical radiographs were obtained (70 kVp, 10mA, and 0.3 sec exposure time) in a Digora system at horizontal angles in the orthoradial direction and with a 25º angle shift to the right and to the left. Images were evaluated by five endodontists. The diagnosis of fractured and non-fractured roots was higher for the first premolar (51.6%) than for the second premolar (43.1%). The presence of VRFs was recorded in 60.9% of cases for the first premolar, and in 66.7% for the second premolar. Presence of VRFs showed a statistically significant association with presence of intraradicular post and angle variation in the second premolar (p=0.011). These results suggest that changes in horizontal angulation, may optimize the diagnosis of VRFs... (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Tratamiento del Conducto Radicular , Fracturas de los Dientes , Diente Premolar/lesiones , Diente Premolar/diagnóstico por imagen , Fisuras Dentales , Diagnóstico por Imagen , Radiografía Dental Digital , Cavidad PulparRESUMEN
O diagnóstico de cárie em estágio inicial é ainda um desafio, principalmente nas regiões oclusais de fóssulas e fissuras, que muitas vezes encontram- se pigmentadas gerando dúvida ao clínico quanto à necessidade de intervenção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar um método adicional clínico de diagnóstico de lesões cariosas de cicatrículas e fissuras através de imagens fotográficas. Este estudo foi realizado in vivo, em 18 indivíduos selecionados dentre os pacientes em atendimento odontológico nas clínicas de Dentística da FOB-USP e que possuiam molares permanentes com sulcos e fissuras pigmentados. Os dentes (n= 62) foram examinados clinicamente e através das imagens fotográficas digitais com aumento de 1:1 por 3 examinadores independentes que determinaram se o dente deveria receber intervenção terapêutica com preparo cavitário e restauração. Um estudo paralelo foi realizado in vitro, com o exame de 60 molares extraídos e fixados em um manequim odontológico, feito pelos mesmo examinadores da etapa in vivo e, também, pelo exame de fotografias digitais. O exame radiográfico digital foi realizado e, em seguida, os dentes foram seccionados em máquina de corte digital ISOMET® 1000, com disco diamantado dupla face Diamond Wafering Blade, perpendicularmente à superfície oclusal em cortes no sentido do sulco principal e novamente analisados pelos 3 avaliadores para a identificação da presença de lesão cariosa. Os dados foram avaliados pela estatística Kappa e pelo teste Qui-Quadrado (p<0,05). Os valores de Kappa interexaminador para as avaliações in vivo foram para análise visual: 0,65-0,55-0,53 e fotográfico: 0,79-0,89-0,89. Para as análises in vitro, os valores para o exame visual foram: 0,85-0,65-0,78 e fotográfico: 1- 0,86-0,86. Para a etapa in vitro o teste Qui-Quadrado demostrou que somente o exame clínico visual apresentou uma leve associação com as fatias (p= 0,036), porém para o exame fotográfico o valor de p foi de (p= 0,918)...
The diagnosis of caries in early stage is still a challenge, especially in pigmentesd pit and fissure surfaces of posterior teeth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of digital photographic images as an additional method to diagnose caries lesion in early stages.This in vivo and in vitro study was realized by examining 62 molars of 18 patients of the Restorative Dentistry Clinic of FOB- USP. The teeth were examined by 3 independent examiners who determined wether the tooth should be or not submitted to a cavity preparation and restoration. The same teeth were photographed and the digital images with 1:1 increase size were blind examined by the same examiners.The decision of the need of intervention was confronted by the two methods. A parallel study "in vitro" was conducted with 60 extracted human molars fixed in a dental manikin for to use of a digital photographic image as a diagnostic additional method for pit and fissure lesions, a study. The same examiners analyzed the oclusal surface and the correspondent digital photographic images. The decision of the need of intervention was confronted by the 2 methods. The extracted teeth were then sectioned in an ISOMET® 1000 digital cutting machine, witch doublé diamond disc face Diamond Wafering Blade, perpendicular to the occlusal surface cuts and examined by the 3 examers to identifying the presence of carious lesions. Kappa intra and inter examiners were for in vivo visual analysis 0.65- 0.55- 0.53 and in vivo photographic analysis: 0.79 -0.89 - 0.89. For in vitro visual analyzes were: 0.85- 0.65- 0.78 and in vitro photographic analysys: 1-0.86- 0.86. Data were evaluated by chi-square test (p < 0.05) showed that only the visual clinical examination showed as light association with the cuts (p = 0.036) and for the photographic examination (p = 0.918). The decision made by the examiners of the need of intervention on the pit and fissure surfaces was confronted with the examination...
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Caries Dental/diagnóstico , Fisuras Dentales/diagnóstico , Fotografía Dental/métodos , Interpretación de Imagen Asistida por Computador/métodos , Variaciones Dependientes del Observador , Radiografía Dental Digital , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
En la literatura existen reportes sobre las diversas formas de las fosas y fisuras demolares permanentes y premolares. Se conocen las características de éstas y se da por hecho que las estructuras dentales son semejantes en ambas denticiones. Por lo que es necesario abordar el estudio de las características del esmalte de la dentición temporal. Objetivo: Cuantificar la frecuencia de cada forma y profundidad de fosas y fisuras de molares temporales de la clasificación de Nagano. Material y métodos: En un estudio observacional descriptivo ex vivo se analizó una muestra obenida por donación de 101 cortes correspondientes a 67 coronas de molares temporales sin cariesconservadas en agua destilada, pertenecientes a niños mexicanos aparentemente sanos. Las va riables forma y profundidad se identificaron al microscopio estereoscópico por un solo observador (k=.8624). El grosor de los cortes obtenidos por el método de desgaste midieron en promedio 5mm. Resultados: El 28.71% de las fosas y fisuras identificadas corresponden al grupo 5 Características de las otras formas de Nagano de fosas y fisuras de molares temporales Features of other shapes of Nagano of pit and fissures in primary molars Artículo Original Esther Vaillard Jiménez 1 Enrique E.Huitzil Muñoz Aída Ortega Cambranis 3 S. Abril García Damián 41 Maestra en Estomatología Pediátrica. FEBUAP (México) 2 Maestro en Educación Superior. FEBUAP (México) 3 Maestra en Fisiología. FEBUAP (México) 4 Alumna egresada de la Maestría en Cs estomatológicas en Pediátrica Facultad de Estomatología de la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla.
In literature there are reports on the various forms of pits and fissures of permanent molars and pre molars. Their characteristics are known and it is assumed that dental structures are similar in both dentitions. So it is necessary to approach the study of the characteristics of the enamel in primary teeth. Objective: to quantify the frequency of each shape and depth of pits and fissures of molars under the Nagano classification. Material and methods: in an ex vivo observational study a sample obtained by donation of 101 courts to 67 crowns for primary molars without decay preserved in distilled ware is analyzed, this sample belongs to Mexican children with an apparent healthy shape and depth, variables were identified under the stereomicroscope by a single observer (k=8624) The thickness of the slices obtained by the method of wear measured on average o.5 mm. Results: 28.71% of the pits and fissures identified relate to group 5 Nagano. Forms were recognized: flask=4.95%, II=3.96% =3.96 Globe, drop= 3.96% = 2.97%inverted Y, delta = 2.97% and trilobulada= 2.97% zone. According to the depth were identified as medium depth = 48.51%. Deep and surface = 33.66 = 17.82%. Conclusion: There is great variety in the shape and depth of pits and fissures of molars enamel. The high percentage of undescribed forms by Nagano proves to be addressed as a research problem of morph-histological characteristics of the primary dentition.
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Femenino , Niño , Diente Primario , Diente Primario/anomalías , Fisuras Dentales , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios Observacionales como Asunto , Estudios Prospectivos , Estudios TransversalesRESUMEN
Introducción: las clasificaciones sobre las alteraciones cefalogénicas presentan una gran dispersión debido a la multiplicidad de especialidades médicas que intervienen en la región de la cabeza. Objetivo: describir las clasificaciones más relevantes de las malformaciones craneofaciales y proponer una nueva clasificación. Métodos: se realizó un estudio mixto, hermenéutico y cuantitativo descriptivo, durante el cual se analizó la producción de clasificaciones sobre este tema en la Web of Sciences en el periodo comprendido desde 1992 hasta 2012. Luego de seleccionar 263 artículos que trataban este tema se estudiaron 22 de ellos en los que proponían clasificaciones o modificaciones al respecto. Se estudió la región anatómica, el tipo de clasificación, el tipo de malformación que describe y la revista de publicación. Resultados: hubo predominio del tipo de clasificación morfogénica en el 60 porciento, el tipo de malformación mayormente clasificada fue por defecto (fisuras e hipoplasias) en 72 por ciento y la revista con mayor representación de publicaciones sobre clasificaciones de alteraciones cefalogénicas fue TheJournal of Craniofacial Surgery donde se publicaron el 44 por ciento de ellas. Se propuso una clasificación integradora morfo-fisiopatológica y se analizó su validación interna y externa. Conclusiones: se demostró la ausencia de una clasificación que agrupara todas las malformaciones cefalogénicas, que incluyera a todas sus regiones anatómicas y tipos de malformaciones. La clasificación propuesta podría ser de utilidad para las especialidades médicas y estomatológicas afines a esta región anatómica(AU)
Introduction: classifications on cephalic alterations have great dispersion secondary to diversity of medical specialties involved in head region. Objective: to describe relevant classifications in craniofacial malformations and recommend a new classification. Method: was carried out a mixed study: hermeneutic and quantitative descriptive, to analyze the production of this kind of classifications on the Web of Sciences during the years 1992 to 2012. As result 263 papers was find on this topic and 22 papers were selected because provided classifications or modifications in this respect. This research analyzed the anatomical region, the classification type, the type of malformation and the magazine of publication. Results: there was a prevalence of the type of morphogenic classification in 60 percent, the mostly classified malformation type of by defect (fissures and hypoplasia) in 72 percent and the representative magazine of cephalic alterations classifications was the Journal of Craniofacial Surgery where 44 percent of them were published. An integrative morpho-physiopathologic classification was suggested and internal and external validation was analyzed. Conclusions: was demonstrated the absence of any classification that joined all the cephalic malformations of all the anatomical cephalic regions. The recommended classification would being of utility for medical and dentistry specialties related to this anatomical region(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Fisuras Dentales/clasificación , Anomalías Craneofaciales/clasificación , Cefalometría/clasificación , Anomalías Maxilofaciales/clasificaciónRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this in situ study was to analyze the influence of the Er:YAG, Nd:YAG, and CO(2) lasers on the enamel acid resistance of pits and fissures. BACKGROUND DATA: The laser tissue interaction has been studied as a method of preventing occlusal caries. METHODS: Thirteen volunteers wore palatal acrylic appliances containing human occlusal enamel blocks that were divided into four groups (G1, control; G2, Er:YAG; G3, Nd:YAG; G4, CO(2)). Each palatal acrylic appliance was used in the four studied groups and was used for 14 consecutive days. A sucrose solution was applied to the specimens six times per day. The specimens were then sectioned in half, and a microhardness test was applied. The other halves were analyzed using polarized light microscopy to measure the caries-like lesion areas, and a morphological analysis was conducted using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS: For the statistical analysis of the data obtained from the microhardness test (Knoop hardness number. [KHN]) (α=5%), Fisher's exact test was performed, and the group means were as follows: G1, 247±71; G2, 258±70; G3, 272±73; and G4, 298±56. The results demonstrated that the control group was significantly different from G3 and G4, which presented higher microhardness values. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze the data obtained from the caries-lesion area measurements (mm(2)) (α=5%) (G1, 0.01±1.08; G2, 0.13±0.18; G3, 0.05±0.17; and G4, 0.09±0.22). The results no showed significant differences among the groups in this analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results from the present study, it may be concluded that the CO(2) and Nd:YAG lasers increased the enamel acid resistance in pits and fissures.
Asunto(s)
Esmalte Dental/efectos de la radiación , Fisuras Dentales/radioterapia , Láseres de Estado Sólido , Adulto , Caries Dental/radioterapia , Permeabilidad del Esmalte Dental/efectos de la radiación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the magnitude of the reduction in caries parameters after inclusion of dental caries activity assessment, in an epidemiological survey of preschool children, involving cavitated and noncavitated caries lesions. METHODS: The survey was carried out in Santa Maria, Brazil, during the National Children's Vaccination Day, and 639 children aged between 12 months and 59 months were included. Fifteen examiners assessed the children based on the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and additional lesion activity assessment criteria. The mean of decayed surfaces (d-s), the mean of decayed teeth (d-t), caries prevalence, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, initially by classifying all lesions using the various thresholds defined by the ICDAS. Caries activity status was then evaluated, and inactive lesions were classified as sound in a secondary analysis; subsequently, the same caries parameters, at the same thresholds, were recalculated. The reduction in caries parameters and the number of children requiring assessment to change their classification from decayed to sound (number needed to be assessed) were also calculated. RESULTS: The majority of lesions were classified as active, mainly at cavitated thresholds. When activity was considered, values of all caries parameters decreased. This decrease was more evident at noncavitated thresholds. The number of children requiring assessment to change their classification from decayed to sound was <20 considering all lesions, but this value increased to approximately 100 when we included only cavitated lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of activity assessment in caries epidemiological surveys has little impact on the d-s, d-t and prevalence of dental caries considering both noncavitated and cavitated lesions.