RESUMEN
As arboviroses transmitidas pelo mosquito Aedes aegypt são um dos principais problemas de saúde pública no Estado de Goiás. O boletim epidemiológico das arboviroses tem o objetivo de apresentar a situação epidemiológica dos casos no estado, utilizando como fonte de dados os registros de casos suspeitos e confirmados ocorridos nos últimos anos, disponíveis no SINAN Online e SINAN Net também são apresentados dados relativos à síndrome congênita associada à infecção peli Zika vírus, disponíveis no Sistema de Registro de Eventos em Saúde Pública (RESP) - Microcefalias
Arboviruses transmitted by the Aedes aegypt mosquito are one of the main public health problems in the State of Goiás. The arboiross epidemiological bulletin aims to present the epidemiological situation of cases in the state, using records of suspected and confirmed cases as a data source. occurred in recent years, available on SINan Online and SINAN Net, data relating to congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus infection, available on the Public Health Event Registration System (RESP) - Microcephaly, is also presented
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Arbovirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Dengue/mortalidad , Dengue/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
As arboviroses transmitidas pelo mosquito Aedes aegypt são um dos principais problemas de saúde pública no Estado de Goiás. O boletim epidemiológico das arboiross tem o objetivo de apresentar a situação epidemiológica dos casos no estado, utilizando como fonte de dados os registros de casos suspeitos e confirmados ocorridos nos últimos anos, disponíveis no SINan Online e SINAN Net também são apresentados dados relativos à síndrome congênita associada à infecção peli Zika vírus, disponíveis no Sistema de Registro de Eventos em Saúde Pública (RESP) - Microcefalias
Arboviruses transmitted by the Aedes aegypt mosquito are one of the main public health problems in the State of Goiás. The arboiross epidemiological bulletin aims to present the epidemiological situation of cases in the state, using records of suspected and confirmed cases as a data source. occurred in recent years, available on SINan Online and SINAN Net, data relating to congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus infection, available on the Public Health Event Registration System (RESP) - Microcephaly, is also presented
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Arbovirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Dengue/mortalidad , Dengue/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Aedes mosquito-borne viruses (ABVs) place a substantial strain on public health resources in the Americas. Vector control of Aedes mosquitoes is an important public health strategy to decrease or prevent spread of ABVs. The ongoing Targeted Indoor Residual Spraying (TIRS) trial is an NIH-sponsored clinical trial to study the efficacy of a novel, proactive vector control technique to prevent dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections in the endemic city of Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. The primary outcome of the trial is laboratory-confirmed ABV infections in neighborhood clusters. Despite the difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, by early 2021 the TIRS trial completed enrollment of 4,792 children aged 2-15 years in 50 neighborhood clusters which were allocated to control or intervention arms via a covariate-constrained randomization algorithm. Here, we describe the makeup and ABV seroprevalence of participants and mosquito population characteristics in both arms before TIRS administration. Baseline surveys showed similar distribution of age, sex, and socio-economic factors between the arms. Serum samples from 1,399 children were tested by commercially available ELISAs for presence of anti-ABV antibodies. We found that 45.1% of children were seropositive for one or more flaviviruses and 24.0% were seropositive for CHIKV. Of the flavivirus-positive participants, most were positive for ZIKV-neutralizing antibodies by focus reduction neutralization testing which indicated a higher proportion of participants with previous ZIKV than DENV infections within the cohort. Both study arms had statistically similar seroprevalence for all viruses tested, similar socio-demographic compositions, similar levels of Ae. aegypti infestation, and similar observed mosquito susceptibility to insecticides. These findings describe a population with a high rate of previous exposure to ZIKV and lower titers of neutralizing antibodies against DENV serotypes, suggesting susceptibility to future outbreaks of flaviviruses is possible, but proactive vector control may mitigate these risks.
Asunto(s)
Aedes , Dengue , Insecticidas , Control de Mosquitos , Mosquitos Vectores , Humanos , Niño , Aedes/virología , Animales , México/epidemiología , Adolescente , Preescolar , Femenino , Control de Mosquitos/métodos , Masculino , Mosquitos Vectores/virología , Dengue/epidemiología , Dengue/prevención & control , Dengue/virología , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiología , Infección por el Virus Zika/prevención & control , Virus Zika/inmunología , Virus Zika/aislamiento & purificación , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/prevención & control , Virus del Dengue/inmunología , Virus del Dengue/aislamiento & purificación , Virus Chikungunya/inmunologíaRESUMEN
As arboviroses transmitidas pelo mosquito Aedes aegypt são um dos principais problemas de saúde pública no Estado de Goiás. O boletim epidemiológico das arboiross tem o objetivo de apresentar a situação epidemiológica dos casos no estado, utilizando como fonte de dados os registros de casos suspeitos e confirmados ocorridos nos últimos anos, disponíveis no SINan Online e SINAN Net também são apresentados dados relativos à síndrome congênita associada à infecção peli Zika vírus, disponíveis no Sistema de Registro de Eventos em Saúde Pública (RESP) - Microcefalias
Arboviruses transmitted by the Aedes aegypt mosquito are one of the main public health problems in the State of Goiás. The arboiross epidemiological bulletin aims to present the epidemiological situation of cases in the state, using records of suspected and confirmed cases as a data source. occurred in recent years, available on SINan Online and SINAN Net, data relating to congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus infection, available on the Public Health Event Registration System (RESP) - Microcephaly, is also presented
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Arbovirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Dengue/mortalidad , Dengue/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Nonspecific acute tropical febrile illnesses (NEATFI) are common in the Latin American tropics. Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika, Mayaro, and Usutu, among others, can coexist in the American tropics. This study aimed to surveil the arboviruses that cause| acute febrile syndrome in patients in the Meta department, Colombia. METHODS: Between June 2021 and February 2023, an epidemiological surveillance study was conducted in the Llanos of the Meta department in Eastern Colombia. RESULTS: One hundred patients in the acute phase with typical prodromal symptoms of NEATFI infection who attended the emergency department of the Villavicencio Departmental Hospital were included. ELISA tests were performed for Dengue, Usutu, Chikungunya, and Mayaro. RT-qPCR was performed to detect the arboviruses Usutu, Dengue, Zika, Mayaro, and Oropouche. The seroprevalence for the Chikungunya, Mayaro, and Usutu viruses was 41 % (28/68), 40 % (27/67), and 62 % (47/75), respectively. Seroconversion for Chikungunya was observed in one patient; two seroconverted to Mayaro and one to Usutu. The NS5 gene fragment of the Usutu virus was detected in nine febrile patients. RT-qPCR of the remaining arboviruses was negative. The clinical symptoms of the nine Usutu-positive patients were very similar to those of Dengue, Chikungunya, Zika, and Mayaro infections. CONCLUSIONS: The pervasive detection of unexpected viruses such as Usutu and Mayaro demonstrated the importance of searching for other viruses different from Dengue. Because Usutu infection and Mayaro fever have clinical features like Dengue, a new algorithm should be proposed to improve the accuracy of acute tropical fevers.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Arbovirus , Arbovirus , Monitoreo Epidemiológico , Humanos , Colombia/epidemiología , Masculino , Femenino , Arbovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Arbovirus/genética , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/virología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/diagnóstico , Adulto , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Fiebre/epidemiología , Fiebre/virología , Niño , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Preescolar , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/diagnóstico , Anciano , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción EnzimáticaRESUMEN
As arboviroses transmitidas pelo mosquito Aedes aegypt são um dos principais problemas de saúde pública no Estado de Goiás. O boletim epidemiológico das arboiross tem o objetivo de apresentar a situação epidemiológica dos casos no estado, utilizando como fonte de dados os registros de casos suspeitos e confirmados ocorridos nos últimos anos, disponíveis no SINan Online e SINAN Net também são apresentados dados relativos à síndrome congênita associada à infecção peli Zika vírus, disponíveis no Sistema de Registro de Eventos em Saúde Pública (RESP) - Microcefalias
Arboviruses transmitted by the Aedes aegypt mosquito are one of the main public health problems in the State of Goiás. The arboiross epidemiological bulletin aims to present the epidemiological situation of cases in the state, using records of suspected and confirmed cases as a data source. occurred in recent years, available on SINan Online and SINAN Net, data relating to congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus infection, available on the Public Health Event Registration System (RESP) - Microcephaly, is also presented
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Arbovirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Dengue/mortalidad , Dengue/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Chikungunya fever (CF) is a viral disease, transmitted by alphavirus through Aedes aegypti, and albopictus mosquitoes, affecting several people, mainly in tropical countries, when its transmitter is not under control, and the main symptom of the chronic phase of CF is joint pain. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to observe the prevalence, most affected joints, and intensity of chronic joint pain in individuals affected by CF, and also identify the factors associated with chronic joint pain in these individuals. METHODS: Cross-sectional study that evaluated one hundred and thirty volunteers, of both sexes, aged between 20-65 years, with a clinical and/or laboratory diagnosis of CF. The presence of joint pain was investigated using the Brazilian version of the Nordic Questionnaire of Musculoskeletal Symptoms and the intensity of pain using the Visual Analogue Scale. RESULTS: Of the 130 volunteers evaluated, n = 112 (86%) reported currently experiencing chronic joint pain, persistent, for approximately 38.6 ± 1.73 months, with the greatest predominance in the morning (58%). The joints most affected by pain were: the ankles (65.5%), interphalangeal joints of the hands (59.2%), and knees (59.2%). The joints that presented the greatest intensity of pain were: the ankles (5.13 ± 0.34), interphalangeal joints of the hands (4.63 ± 0.34), and knees (4.33 ± 0.33). Sedentary behavior (p = 0.037), increasing age (p = 0.000), and overweight/obesity (p = 0.002) were factors associated with chronic joint pain. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of chronic, persistent joint pain was observed, with a greater prevalence in the morning. The joints most affected by chronic pain and with the greatest pain intensity were the ankles, and interphalangeal joints of the hands and knees. Sedentary behavior, increasing age, and overweight/obesity were the factors associated with chronic joint pain in individuals affected by CF in this study. Key Points ⢠Individuals affected by CF had a high prevalence of chronic joint pain, persistent and more prevalent in the mornings ⢠The ankles and interphalangeal joints of the hands and knees were the joints with the highest prevalence of pain ⢠The ankles and interphalangeal joints of the hands and knees were the joints with the greatest pain intensity ⢠Sedentary behavior, increasing age, and overweight/obesity were factors associated with chronic joint pain in individuals affected by CF.
Asunto(s)
Artralgia , Fiebre Chikungunya , Dolor Crónico , Obesidad , Sobrepeso , Conducta Sedentaria , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fiebre Chikungunya/complicaciones , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Artralgia/epidemiología , Obesidad/complicaciones , Obesidad/epidemiología , Anciano , Adulto Joven , Dolor Crónico/epidemiología , Factores de Edad , Sobrepeso/complicaciones , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Dimensión del DolorRESUMEN
Arboviruses are endemic in several countries and represent a worrying public health problem. The most important of these diseases is dengue fever, whose numbers continue to rise and have reached millions of annual cases in Brazil since the last decade. Other arboviruses of public health concern are chikungunya and Zika, both of which have caused recent epidemics, and yellow fever, which has also caused epidemic outbreaks in our country. Like most infectious diseases, arboviruses have the potential to affect the kidneys through several mechanisms. These include the direct action of the viruses, systemic inflammation, hemorrhagic phenomena and other complications, in addition to the toxicity of the drugs used in treatment. In this review article, the epidemiological aspects of the main arboviruses in Brazil and other countries where these diseases are endemic, clinical aspects and the main laboratory changes found, including changes in renal function, are addressed. It also describes how arboviruses behave in kidney transplant patients. The pathophysiological mechanisms of kidney injury associated with arboviruses are described and finally the recommended treatment for each disease and recommendations for kidney support in this context are given.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Arbovirus , Humanos , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Arbovirus , Brasil/epidemiología , Trasplante de Riñón , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/complicaciones , Fiebre Chikungunya/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Renales/virología , Enfermedades Renales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Renales/terapia , Enfermedades Renales/etiología , Dengue/epidemiología , Dengue/complicaciones , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiología , Infección por el Virus Zika/complicaciones , Fiebre Amarilla/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In Brazil, urban arboviruses, such as dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), constitute a major public health problem, and due to their endemicity and asymptomatic cases, they pose a potential threat to blood donations. Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil, has been impacted by extensive DENV epidemics over the last 30 years and, after 2015, by CHIKV and ZIKV. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urban arboviruses DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV were investigated in blood donations (n = 778) at the State Institute of Hematology, HEMORIO (RJ) from 2019 to 2022 by serological and molecular methods. RESULTS: An overall arbovirus exposure was observed in 26.1% of the blood donations. Anti-DENV IgM was detected in 4.0% of samples and two donations were DENV NS1 positive. Positive anti-CHIKV IgM was observed in 4.7% of the donations. Co-detection of anti-CHIKV IgM and anti-DENV IgM was observed in 1.0% of donors, and CHIKV prevalence was 21.3%. All blood donations tested were negative for the DENV, ZIKV and CHIKV RNA. CONCLUSION: IgM seroprevalence to the arboviruses analyzed here is an indicator of recent infection in asymptomatic donors, showing that the population of blood donors can be a vehicle for new infections, especially during epidemic periods.
Asunto(s)
Donantes de Sangre , Virus del Dengue , Infección por el Virus Zika , Humanos , Donantes de Sangre/estadística & datos numéricos , Brasil/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Adulto , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiología , Infección por el Virus Zika/sangre , Virus Zika , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/sangre , Dengue/epidemiología , Dengue/sangre , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Enfermedades Endémicas , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/sangre , Arbovirus , Virus Chikungunya , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Donación de SangreRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the cost of illness of Chikungunya in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 2019. METHODS: The study is a partial economic evaluation carried out with secondary data with free and unrestricted access. Direct outpatient and indirect costs of the acute, post-acute, and chronic phases of Chikungunya fever were estimated, in addition to hospital costs. The estimate of direct costs was performed using the notified cases and the standard treatment flowchart in the state of Rio de Janeiro. The indirect ones consist of loss of productivity and disability, using the burden of disease indicator (Disability-adjusted life year - DALY). RESULTS: The total number of reported cases was 38,830. Total costs were calculated at BRL 279,807,318, with 97% related to indirect costs. CONCLUSION: The chronic phase and indirect costs were the most expensive. The inability and permanence of Chikungunya differentiate the disease and increase the costs of its treatment.
Asunto(s)
Fiebre Chikungunya , Costo de Enfermedad , Fiebre Chikungunya/economía , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Humanos , Adulto , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Niño , Preescolar , Costos de la Atención en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Lactante , AncianoRESUMEN
Chikungunya disease typically presents with the fever-arthralgia-rash symptom triad. However, an increase in the number of atypical clinical manifestations, particularly neurological disorders, has occurred. The current evidence regarding the pooled prevalence of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV)-associated neurological cases (CANCs) suspected of having an arboviral aetiology is not well-understood. Therefore, this meta-analysis included 19 studies (n = 7319 patients) and aimed to determine the pooled rate of exposure to CANC. The pooled positivity rate of CANC was 12 % (95 % CI: 6-19), and Brazil was overrepresented (11/19). These estimations varied between 3 and 14 % based on the diagnostic method (real-time PCR vs. ELISA-IgM) and biological samples (cerebrospinal fluid or blood specimens) used for detection of CHIKV. Regarding the frequency of CHIKV in neurological clinical subgroups, the rates were higher among patients with myelitis (27 %), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (27 %), Guillain-Barré syndrome (15 %), encephalitis (12 %), and meningoencephalitis (7 %). Our analysis highlights the significant burden of CANC. However, the data must be interpreted with caution due to the heterogeneity of the results, which may be related to the location of the studies covering endemic periods and/or outbreaks of CHIKV. Current surveillance resources should also focus on better characterizing the epidemiology of CHIKV infection in neurological disorders. Additionally, future studies should investigate the interactions between CHIKV and neurological diseases with the aim of gaining deeper insight into the mechanisms underlying the cause-and-effect relationship between these two phenomena.
Asunto(s)
Fiebre Chikungunya , Virus Chikungunya , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/diagnóstico , Virus Chikungunya/aislamiento & purificación , Encefalomielitis Aguda Diseminada/epidemiología , Encefalomielitis Aguda Diseminada/virología , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/epidemiología , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/virología , Meningoencefalitis/epidemiología , Meningoencefalitis/virología , Mielitis/epidemiología , Mielitis/virología , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/epidemiología , Enfermedades del Sistema Nervioso/virología , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
A reermergência de doenças transmitidas por artrópedes, com destaque aos arbovírus: dengue, zika e chikungunya é uma realidade dos últimos anos. No Brasil, essas doenças representam um grande desafio para a saúde pública. O método utilizado nesse boletim é o exploratório com o objetivo de caracterizar os óbitos por arboviroses no Estado de Goiás, envolvendo a coleta de dados relacionados aos casos e óbitos por dengue, zika e chikungunya dos residentes do estado de Goiás, através do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) com abordagem quantitativa, com o intuito de relacionar os dados para interpretação
The re-emergence of diseases transmitted by arthropods, particularly arboviruses: dengue, zika and chikungunya, is a reality in recent years. In Brazil, these diseases represent a major challenge for public health. The method used in this bulletin is exploratory with the objective of characterizing deaths due to arboviruses in the State of Goiás, involving the collection of data related to cases and deaths due to dengue, zika and chikungunya of residents of the state of Goiás, through the Information System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) with a quantitative approach, with the aim of relating data for interpretation
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Dengue/mortalidad , Dengue/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/mortalidad , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Infección por el Virus Zika/mortalidad , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
As arboviroses transmitidas pelo mosquito Aedes aegypt são um dos principais problemas de saúde pública no Estado de Goiás. O boletim epidemiológico das arboiross tem o objetivo de apresentar a situação epidemiológica dos casos no estado, utilizando como fonte de dados os registros de casos suspeitos e confirmados ocorridos nos últimos anos, disponíveis no SINan Online e SINAN Net também são apresentados dados relativos à síndrome congênita associada à infecção peli Zika vírus, disponíveis no Sistema de Registro de Eventos em Saúde Pública (RESP) - Microcefalias
Arboviruses transmitted by the Aedes aegypt mosquito are one of the main public health problems in the State of Goiás. The arboiross epidemiological bulletin aims to present the epidemiological situation of cases in the state, using records of suspected and confirmed cases as a data source. occurred in recent years, available on SINan Online and SINAN Net, data relating to congenital syndrome associated with Zika virus infection, available on the Public Health Event Registration System (RESP) - Microcephaly, is also presented
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Arbovirus/tratamiento farmacológico , Dengue/mortalidad , Dengue/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To detect spatial and spatiotemporal clusters of urban arboviruses and to investigate whether the social development index (SDI) and irregular waste disposal are related to the coefficient of urban arboviruses detection in São Luís, state of Maranhão, Brazil. METHODS: The confirmed cases of Dengue, Zika and Chikungunya in São Luís, from 2015 to 2019, were georeferenced to the census tract of residence. The Bayesian Conditional Autoregressive regression model was used to identify the association between SDI and irregular waste disposal sites and the coefficient of urban arboviruses detection. RESULTS: The spatial pattern of arboviruses pointed to the predominance of a low-incidence cluster, except 2016. For the years 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2019, an increase of one unit of waste disposal site increased the coefficient of arboviruses detection in 1.25, 1.09, 1.23, and 1.13 cases of arboviruses per 100 thousand inhabitants, respectively. The SDI was not associated with the coefficient of arboviruses detection. CONCLUSION: In São Luís, spatiotemporal risk clusters for the occurrence of arboviruses and a positive association between the coefficient of arbovirus detection and sites of irregular waste disposal were identified.
Asunto(s)
Arbovirus , Fiebre Chikungunya , Dengue , Brasil/epidemiología , Humanos , Dengue/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arbovirus/epidemiología , Teorema de Bayes , Infección por el Virus Zika/epidemiología , Análisis Espacio-Temporal , Factores Socioeconómicos , Instalaciones de Eliminación de Residuos , IncidenciaRESUMEN
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has emerged as a significant public health concern due to its rapid spread and potential for causing debilitating epidemics. In Argentina, the virus has garnered attention since its introduction to the Americas in 2013, due to its growing incidence and impact in neighbouring countries. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the spatiotemporal dynamics of CHIKV in Argentina, focusing on the evolutionary trajectory of its genetic variants. Through a combination of active surveillance, screening of historical and recent samples, and whole-genome sequencing, we traced the evolutionary history of CHIKV lineages circulating within the country. Our results reveal that two distinct genotypes circulated in Argentina: The Asian lineage during the 2016 epidemic and the ECSA lineage in 2023. This distribution reflects the dominance of particular variants across Latin America. Since 2023, the ECSA lineage has led to a surge in cases throughout the Americas, marking a significant shift. The replacement of lineages in the American region constitutes a major epidemiological event, potentially affecting the dynamics of virus transmission and the clinical outcomes in impacted populations. The spatiotemporal analysis highlights CHIKV's distribution across Argentina and underscores the significant role of human mobility, especially when considering recent epidemics in neighbouring countries such as Paraguay and Uruguay, which have facilitated the spread and introduction of the viral strain into different districts. By integrating epidemiological data with genomic insights, we elucidate the patterns of virus dissemination, highlighting key areas of transmission and potential factors contributing to its spread.
Asunto(s)
Fiebre Chikungunya , Virus Chikungunya , Evolución Molecular , Genotipo , Filogenia , Argentina/epidemiología , Virus Chikungunya/genética , Virus Chikungunya/clasificación , Virus Chikungunya/aislamiento & purificación , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/virología , Fiebre Chikungunya/transmisión , Humanos , Genoma Viral , América Latina/epidemiología , Secuenciación Completa del Genoma , Análisis Espacio-Temporal , Variación GenéticaRESUMEN
Arboviral diseases remain a significant health concern worldwide, with over half the world's population at risk for dengue alone. Without a vaccine or targeted treatment, the most effective strategy of prevention is vector management with community involvement. mHealth interventions, like WhatsApp, offer promising results for engaging communities and promoting healthier behaviors. This study explores the feasibility of integrating WhatsApp in vector control activities to improve arbovirus prevention in Colombia. A mixed-methods approach was employed to assess the WhatsApp-based intervention. WhatsApp messages were sent to 45 community women for 5 weeks to increase their knowledge and practices about dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Pre-and-post surveys and focus group discussions were conducted in community settings to measure the feasibility and acceptability of this intervention. Chat reviews were done to assess the usability of users. A total of 1566 messages were exchanged in 45 WhatsApp chats. High acceptance and good usability (82% of users used the app for replying) were reported in this study. WhatsApp messages were perceived as short, clear, and enjoyable. Users liked the frequency, and design of messages. Pre- and post-surveys demonstrated improvements in the knowledge and practices of arboviral diseases. The intention to apply this knowledge in practice was reflected in a significant improvement, particularly in cleaning the laundry tank once a week (pre 62.1% to post 89.6%, p < 0.008). This study suggests that using WhatsApp as an additional tool could be a feasible, acceptable, and affordable strategy for improving the adoption of better practices in the prevention of arboviral diseases.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Arbovirus , Estudios de Factibilidad , Aplicaciones Móviles , Humanos , Colombia/epidemiología , Femenino , Infecciones por Arbovirus/prevención & control , Adulto , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Dengue/prevención & control , Infección por el Virus Zika/prevención & control , Fiebre Chikungunya/prevención & control , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Telemedicina , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
We aimed to describe the landscape, including molecular, epidemiological, and clinical aspects of CHIKV infections in the Ribeirao Preto region, an area endemic to dengue. We randomly screened 3744 plasma samples that had undergone DENV diagnosis to evaluate CHIKV-RNA using an in-house RT-PCR assay. Positive samples were followed clinically, and RNA samples were submitted to whole genome sequencing. Seventeen cases (0.5 %) were positive for CHIKV-RNA despite being negative for DENV-RNA. Notably, half of the patients experienced prolonged arthralgia lasting more than 90 days. Compared with the healthy control group, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were observed in all CHIKV-positive individuals with statistically significant P values (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0003, respectively). The genomic analysis revealed that the CHIKV strains being studied are classified within the East-Central-South-African (ECSA) genotype. This analysis identified new mutations, E1: K211E and E2: V264A, while the previously known mutation E1: A226V was not detected among these strains. This study highlights the need for epidemiological surveillance and preparedness for potential CHIKV epidemics in Brazil, particularly where other arboviruses co-circulate.
Asunto(s)
Fiebre Chikungunya , Virus Chikungunya , Dengue , Genotipo , ARN Viral , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/sangre , Fiebre Chikungunya/virología , Virus Chikungunya/genética , Virus Chikungunya/aislamiento & purificación , Dengue/epidemiología , Dengue/virología , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , ARN Viral/genética , Adulto Joven , Enfermedades Endémicas , Adolescente , Secuenciación Completa del Genoma , Anciano , Niño , Filogenia , Mutación , Preescolar , Virus del Dengue/genética , Virus del Dengue/aislamiento & purificación , Virus del Dengue/clasificación , Trombocitopenia/epidemiología , Trombocitopenia/virologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Encephalitis is a severe neurological syndrome for which herpesvirus and enteroviruses are the most common etiological agents. Arboviruses, a wildly diverse group of pathogens, are also critical epidemiological agents associated with encephalitis. In Brazil, little is known about the causative agents of encephalitis. METHODS: We conducted a hospital surveillance for encephalitis between 2020 and 2022. Molecular (RT-PCR and qPCR) and serological (virus-specific IgM and viral antigens) techniques were performed in cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples obtained from study participants. RESULTS: In the 43 participants evaluated, the etiologic agent or the presence of IgM was detected in 16 (37.2%). Nine (20.9%) cases were positive for chikungunya virus (CHIKV), three (7.0%) for dengue virus, two (4.7%) for human adenovirus, one (2.3%) for varicella-zoster virus, and one (2.3%) for enterovirus. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the CHIKV identified belongs to the East/Central/South African lineage. CONCLUSION: Herein, CHIKV is a common pathogen identified in encephalitis cases. Our results reinforce previous evidence that chikungunya represents a significant cause of encephalitis during CHIKV outbreaks and epidemics and add to existing information on the epidemiology of encephalitis in Brazil.
Asunto(s)
Fiebre Chikungunya , Virus Chikungunya , Humanos , Brasil/epidemiología , Virus Chikungunya/genética , Virus Chikungunya/aislamiento & purificación , Masculino , Femenino , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/virología , Fiebre Chikungunya/diagnóstico , Fiebre Chikungunya/sangre , Adulto , Adolescente , Niño , Adulto Joven , Persona de Mediana Edad , Preescolar , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Encefalitis Viral/epidemiología , Encefalitis Viral/virología , Encefalitis Viral/diagnóstico , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Anciano , Virus del Dengue/genética , Virus del Dengue/aislamiento & purificación , Lactante , Filogenia , Herpesvirus Humano 3/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 3/aislamiento & purificación , Enterovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Enterovirus/genética , Secuenciación Completa del GenomaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To monitor the oviposition activity of the mosquito Aedes aegypti and of dengue and chikungunya cases in four localities of temperate Argentina, during the 2023 epidemic. METHODS: During the summer and autumn of 2023, the oviposition activity of the mosquito vector was monitored weekly using ovitraps, and the arrival of cases with dengue or chikungunya in Tandil, Olavarría, Bahía Blanca and Laprida were registered. RESULTS: Monthly variations of the percentage of positive traps were similar in the first three locations; in Laprida the mosquito was not detected. On the contrary, a significant difference was observed in the percentage of total traps that ever tested positive in each locality, being higher in Olavarría (83.3%) than in Bahía Blanca (68.6%) and Tandil (48.7%). Regarding diseases, 18 imported cases of dengue and 3 of chikungunya were registered. In addition, the first autochthonous case of dengue in the region was recorded, being the southernmost until known. CONCLUSION: It is essential to raise awareness and train the members of the health systems of the new regions exposed to Ae. aegypti for early detection of cases, and to the general population to enhance prevention actions.
OBJETIVOS: Monitorear la actividad de oviposición del mosquito Aedes aegypti y de casos de dengue y chikungunya en cuatro localidades de Argentina templada, durante la epidemia del 2023. Métodos: Durante el verano y otoño del 2023, se monitoreó semanalmente mediante ovitrampas la actividad de oviposición del mosquito vector, y se registró el arribo de casos con dengue o chikungunya a Tandil, Olavarría, Bahía Blanca y Laprida. RESULTADOS: La variación mensual del porcentaje de trampas positivas fue similar en las tres primeras localidades; en Laprida no se detectó el mosquito. Por el contrario, se observó una diferencia significativa del porcentaje de trampas que alguna vez resultó positiva en cada localidad, siendo mayor en Olavarría (83%), que en Bahía Blanca (67%) y Tandil (49%). Respecto a las enfermedades, se registraron 18 casos importados de dengue y 3 de chikungunya. Además, se registró el primer caso autóctono de dengue en la región, siendo el más austral hasta el momento. Conclusión: Es imprescindible sensibilizar y capacitar a los integrantes de los sistemas de salud de las nuevas regiones expuestas al Ae. aegypti para la detección temprana de casos, y a la población en general para potenciar las acciones de prevención.
Asunto(s)
Aedes , Fiebre Chikungunya , Dengue , Mosquitos Vectores , Estaciones del Año , Argentina/epidemiología , Dengue/epidemiología , Dengue/transmisión , Dengue/prevención & control , Fiebre Chikungunya/epidemiología , Fiebre Chikungunya/transmisión , Fiebre Chikungunya/prevención & control , Animales , Aedes/virología , Aedes/fisiología , Mosquitos Vectores/fisiología , Humanos , Epidemias , Femenino , Oviposición/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a hereditary disease characterized by extravascular and intravascular hemolysis and clinical variability, from mild pain to potentially life-threatening. Arboviruses include mainly Zika (ZIKV), Chikungunya (CHKV), and Dengue (DENV) virus, and are considered a public and social health problem. The present cross-sectional observational study aimed to investigate the prevalence of arbovirus infection in SCD patients from two Brazilian cities, Salvador and Manaus located in Bahia and Amazonas states respectively. A total of 409 individuals with SCD were included in the study, and 307 (75.06 %) patients tested positive for DENV-IgG, 161 (39.36 %) for ZIKV-IgG, and 60 (14.67 %) for CHIKV-IgG. Only one individual was positive for DENV-NS1 and another for DENV-IgM, both from Salvador. No individuals had positive serology for ZIKV-IgM or CHIKV-IgM. Arbovirus positivity by IgG testing revealed that the SCD group presented high frequencies in both cities. Interestingly, these differences were only statistically significant for ZIKV-IgG (p = 0.023) and CHIKV-IgG (p = 0.005) among SCD patients from Manaus. The reshaping of arbovirus from its natural habitat by humans due to disorderly urban expansion and the ease of international Mobility has been responsible for facilitating the spread of vector-borne infectious diseases in humans. We found the need for further studies on arboviruses in this population to elucidate the real association and impact, especially in acute infection. We hope that this study will contribute to improvements in the personalized clinical follow-up of SCD patients, identifying the influence of arbovirus infection in severe disease manifestations.