RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between hair cortisol concentrations and acute stress symptoms in family members of critically ill patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in an adult intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in Porto Alegre, Brazil, from August 2021 to February 2022. Family members of intensive care unit patients admitted for more than 10 days were approached for enrollment. We collected sociodemographic data and assessed resilience, religiosity, and symptoms of acute stress among family members. Samples of family members' hair were collected shortly after the interview to measure the hair cortisol concentration. RESULTS: A total of 110 family members were included in this study. Eighty-eight (80.0%) family members presented with symptoms of acute stress. The median hair cortisol concentration was 2.37pg/mg (1.16 - 5.06pg/mg). There was no significant difference in hair cortisol concentration between family members with and without acute stress symptoms (p = 0.419). According to the multivariate analysis, only the fact that the patient was alert at the time of the family member's interview was significantly associated with the prevalence of acute stress symptoms in the family member. CONCLUSION: We did not find an association between the hair cortisol concentration of family members in hair segments in the months prior to admission to the intensive care unit and the occurrence of acute stress symptoms.
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Enfermedad Crítica , Familia , Cabello , Hidrocortisona , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Estrés Psicológico , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/análisis , Hidrocortisona/metabolismo , Estudios Transversales , Masculino , Femenino , Cabello/química , Persona de Mediana Edad , Brasil/epidemiología , Familia/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/metabolismo , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico/diagnóstico , Adulto , AncianoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: to describe researchers' experience in collecting data from families of femicide victims. METHODS: this descriptive, qualitative study took the form of an experience report and was conducted in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. It involved documentary consultation, training researchers, scheduling and conducting interviews, and using a field diary to record the researchers' perceptions and experiences. RESULTS: the descriptions and photographs of the crime scene were both distressing and impactful for the researchers. The mementos of the victims (including clothing, objects, and childhood photos) shown by their families were deeply moving. Identifying with these experiences facilitated listening to the stories told by the relatives. It was essential to maintain a non-judgmental attitude, acknowledge the loss, provide support for the suffering, and demonstrate a willingness to help. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the experience encompassed both theoretical and methodological aspects that were planned and executed in data collection, fostering the development of skills and sensitivity towards the cases. Beyond knowledge and preparation, researchers are expected to exhibit ethical conduct and empathetic capacity.
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Recolección de Datos , Investigación Cualitativa , Investigadores , Humanos , Brasil , Femenino , Investigadores/psicología , Recolección de Datos/métodos , Recolección de Datos/normas , Homicidio/psicología , Víctimas de Crimen/psicología , Familia/psicología , Masculino , AdultoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic marked a milestone in the history of medicine worldwide. Together with the humanitarian drama it represented, the problems that arose are promoting lines of research in multiple fields. One of these fields is the aspects related to medical communication and end-of-life care. This paper reports the experiences and perceptions of relatives of patients who died during the pandemic with a psychospiritual support intervention in a public hospital in the Metropolitan Region, Chile, called "farewell". METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted with a phenomenological approach based on in-depth interviews. From this, categories were derived that allowed a systematization of the observation of the experiences. RESULTS: Among the results, the impact of the circumstances and the communication provided by the medical team on grief should be highlighted. The use of the word "farewell" emerges as a useful, albeit ambiguous, communicative tool when it comes to adequately framing an end-of-life process. CONCLUSIONS: It is argued that the end of life is an area that requires physical and psychospiritual spaces, and adequate training at all levels to do justice to a highly relevant moment in the care of people.
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COVID-19 , Familia , Investigación Cualitativa , Cuidado Terminal , Humanos , COVID-19/psicología , COVID-19/epidemiología , Chile/epidemiología , Familia/psicología , Cuidado Terminal/psicología , Masculino , Femenino , SARS-CoV-2 , Actitud Frente a la Muerte , Adulto , Pandemias , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pesar , Entrevistas como Asunto , Anciano , ComunicaciónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer-related stigma is common but understudied in the Caribbean. This study aims to describe the age difference of cervical cancer stigma and to evaluate the influence on the prevention practices among the Caribbean nonpatient population in Jamaica, Grenada, and Trinidad and Tobago. METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 1209 participants was conducted using a culturally trans-created Cancer Stigma Scale for the Caribbean context and supplemented with questions on cervical cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccine knowledge and beliefs. Descriptive analyses and χ2 tests were conducted. RESULTS: The χ2 tests showed age is statistically significantly related to participants' response to stigma items such as "community members believe cervical cancer is viewed as shameful" (P = .0001); "women with cervical cancer are treated with less respect than usual by others" (P < .0001); "women with cervical cancer are rejected by family members" (P = .0007); "women with cervical cancer are rejected by intimate partners" (P < .0001); and "intimate partners blame women for having cervical cancer" (P = .0032). Additionally, age has statistically significant associations with endorsements of negative views of cervical cancer from the community (P < .0001) and family (P < .0001) as key barriers to cervical cancer care (item: "discourage women from seeking and obtaining screening and treatment"). Notably, younger respondents (18-25 years) are more sensitized to the unfair stigma and hold more stigma. CONCLUSIONS: Among Caribbeans, age influences cervical cancer stigma. Younger persons acknowledged greater stigma within families and communities. This study can guide age-informed interventions and programs to reduce stigma and improve cervical cancer screening and care seeking to reduce cervical cancer burden and disparities.
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Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Estigma Social , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Humanos , Femenino , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/psicología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/etnología , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/prevención & control , Estudios Transversales , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud/etnología , Factores de Edad , Adulto Joven , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/etnología , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/psicología , Jamaica/etnología , Trinidad y Tobago , Grenada/etnología , Vacunas contra Papillomavirus/administración & dosificación , Adolescente , Anciano , Región del Caribe/etnología , Parejas Sexuales/psicología , Vergüenza , Familia/psicología , Detección Precoz del Cáncer/psicologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The enabling behaviors of family members of psychoactive substance users can be crucial in maintaining addiction. There are no psychometrically evaluated instruments to measure the frequency of the enabling behaviors of family members of psychoactive substance users. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the internal consistency and factor structure of the Behavioral Enabling Scale. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was carried out, with a secondary analysis of data collected from 400 family members of psychoactive substance users that used a hotline service in Brazil. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted with an initial sample of 200 protocols, and with the remaining 200 protocols, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. RESULTS: The internal consistency estimate proved entirely satisfactory in both samples, where the first presented a Cronbach's alpha of 0.76 and the second had a consistency estimate of 0.79. Factor analysis was conducted using a shortened version of the instrument, with 15 items, during which six factors that cover 65% of the scale's explained variance were extracted. KMO = 0.68 and Bartlett's test of sphericity = X2 (gl = 153) 497.201, p < 0.0001, were significant. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of the Behavioral Enabling Scale is a valid tool that measures the frequency of the enabling behaviors of family members of psychoactive substance users. The measurement instrument enables further investigations into the behavior of family members regarding the use of psychoactive substances by their relatives.
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Familia , Psicotrópicos , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias , Humanos , Brasil , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Familia/psicología , Adulto , Trastornos Relacionados con Sustancias/psicología , Análisis Factorial , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Psicometría/instrumentación , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: to conduct the cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Family Integration Experience Scale: Chronic Illness in Brazilian Portuguese. METHOD: a methodological study divided into two stages. In the first stage, the Family Integration Experience Scale: Chronic Illness was cross-culturally adapted for Brazilian culture, when the scale was subjected to translations, back-translations, and a committee of judges - to verify the semantic, linguistic, and contextual equivalence between the original and translated items. The second step was to validate the scale in a sample of families of children and adolescents with chronic illnesses. The participants were 230 families of children with chronic illnesses attending the outpatient clinic of a tertiary public hospital with teaching and research characteristics. RESULTS: internal consistency was tested using Cronbach's alpha (0.81) and McDonald's omega (0.81). Confirmatory factor analysis was also tested, and the model's fit was acceptable for validation standards. CONCLUSION: the version of the Family Integration Experience Scale: Chronic Illness showed evidence of validation and can be considered a valid and reliable instrument in Brazilian culture. The Brazilian Portuguese version of the Family Integration Experience Scale: Chronic Illness can be used to measure the experience of family integration in chronic illness.
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Características Culturales , Lenguaje , Humanos , Enfermedad Crónica/psicología , Brasil , Femenino , Masculino , Encuestas y Cuestionarios/normas , Adolescente , Traducciones , Niño , Adulto , Familia/psicología , Psicometría/normasRESUMEN
We sought to investigate the perceptions of indirect victims or family members of homicide victims, about the repercussions of these deaths on their health. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study was carried out, based on eight semi-structured individual interviews with two groups: family members of police officers victimized by lethal violence, and family members of people killed as a result of police intervention, designated here as homicide. Both groups reported the perception that their health deteriorated after the homicide, and mentioned problems such as depression, panic disorder, insomnia, heart conditions and eating disorders. They also highlighted the acquisition of habits that are harmful to health, such as the consumption of alcoholic beverages, tobacco and self-medication, and the worsening of pre-existing health issues. It was observed that the homicide committed and suffered by police agents affects various aspects of the lives of indirect victims that are inseparable from health issues in a broader sense. These people are also victims of this violence, although their suffering is often made invisible. Studying this topic helps to give space to the suffering and mourning of these people and to subsidize the best performance of the institutions and services involved.
Buscou-se investigar as percepções das vítimas indiretas, ou familiares de vítimas de homicídio, sobre as repercussões dessa morte em sua saúde. Fez-se um estudo qualitativo, exploratório, descritivo, a partir de oito entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas com dois grupos: familiares de agentes policiais vitimados por violência letal, e familiares de pessoas mortas em decorrência de intervenção policial, aqui designada como homicídio. Ambos os grupos relataram a percepção de que sua saúde piorou após o homicídio, e mencionaram problemas de depressão, síndrome do pânico, insônia, problemas cardíacos e distúrbios alimentares. Destacaram ainda a aquisição de hábitos danosos à saúde, como consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, tabaco e automedicação, e o agravamento de problemas de saúde pré-existentes. Observou-se que o homicídio praticado e sofrido por agentes policiais afeta vários aspectos da vida das vítimas indiretas que são indissociáveis das questões de saúde em sentido ampliado. Essas pessoas também são vítimas dessa violência, embora muitas vezes tenham seu sofrimento invisibilizado. Estudar o tema contribui para dar espaço ao sofrimento e ao luto, e para subsidiar a melhor atuação das instituições e serviços envolvidos.
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Familia , Pesar , Violencia , Humanos , Brasil , Familia/psicología , Homicidio/psicología , Salud Mental , Policia , Violencia/psicología , Entrevistas como Asunto , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
The purpose of this study is to understand institutional violence (IV) in the relationships between health professionals, hospitalized children, and family members. This is a qualitative study developed at the pediatric inpatient unit of a university hospital in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The research participants consisted of 39 health professionals who specialized in pediatrics and 10 family members of hospitalized children. Semi-structured interviews were the method used for data collection. Using discourse analysis as a basis and taking a Foucauldian perspective, the researchers observed that the expressions of IV could be traced to abusive power relations within the system. We found four discursive forms within the data set: communication problems as IV, violence through inattention and neglect, violence as an action and consequent materialization on the body, and psychological violence as a submission mechanism. Based on these findings, we argue that professionals, managers, the scientific community, and users might be able to better guarantee the safety of children by recognizing IV and effectively intervening in it.
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Niño Hospitalizado , Familia , Investigación Cualitativa , Humanos , Niño Hospitalizado/psicología , Brasil , Niño , Familia/psicología , Femenino , Masculino , Violencia/psicología , Adulto , Personal de Salud/psicología , Relaciones Profesional-Familia , Hospitales Universitarios , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Violencia Laboral/psicologíaRESUMEN
The main objective of this study was to examine the actor and partner effects between Perceived Workplace Support for Families (PWSFs) and family support (PFS), diet quality, and satisfaction with food-related life (SWFoL) in households with both parents working and adolescents, along with the role of the three family members' diet quality as a mediator. During the second year of the pandemic in Chile, 860 dual-earner parents of different sexes and their adolescent child (average age 13 years, with 50.7% being male) were recruited from two cities. Parents responded to a measure of PWSFs and the Perceived Family Support Scale. Mothers, fathers, and adolescents answered the Adapted Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and the satisfaction with food-related life Scale. The examination employed the mediation Actor-Partner Interdependence Model and structural equation modeling for the analyses. Results showed that mothers' PWSFs improved their and their teenage children's SWFoL, while fathers' PWSFs only improved their SWFoL. The mothers' PFS improved their and the fathers' diet quality while enhancing their SWFoL and the adolescents' SWFoL. The fathers' PFS enhanced their and the adolescents' SWFoL. The mothers' PFS also indirectly enhanced their and the fathers' SWFoL via each parent's diet quality. Each family member's diet quality was positively related to their SWFoL, while mothers' diet quality was positively related to the fathers' SWFoL. These results imply that resources obtained by parents from PFS positively impact the SWFoL of the three family members through different mechanisms. They also highlight the importance of maternal family support for SWFoL during the pandemic.
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COVID-19 , Satisfacción Personal , Lugar de Trabajo , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Adolescente , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , COVID-19/psicología , Lugar de Trabajo/psicología , Chile , Adulto , Apoyo Social , Dieta Saludable/psicología , Familia/psicología , Dieta/psicología , Pandemias , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , SARS-CoV-2 , Padres/psicología , Apoyo FamiliarRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The dramatic reconfigurations of work-family roles and social boundaries resulting from the social restrictions imposed during the Covid-19 pandemic led working mums to look for online sites as spaces of emotional support and regulation where they could vent their emotions, share their concerns and griefs, and seek advice. They also became interactional spaces where mums' relevant identities were reassessed and enacted as they aimed to balance work-family roles and improve their wellbeing. The paper explores how working mums discursively negotiated their multiple identities in an online support forum during times of global struggle, how these identity constructions reflect the domains of Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and how working mums perceived these identities are related to their mental health. METHODS: 127 posts of Chilean working mums published in a public online support forum for working mums collected during the first half of 2020 were analysed in three phases. The first one involved a thematic analysis to identify themes and subthemes related to working mums' identity construction in the data. The second phase involved conducting a narrative analysis of working mums' microstorias in order to identify a master narrative crafted by these working mums, and contesting and conforming ideologies of motherhood, among others. Finally, the third phase involved a fine-grained discourse analysis of the most representative extracts illustrating working mums' identity negotiation. RESULTS: The sociolinguistic analysis showed that working mums' discourses displayed three themes of self-reflection, namely, diminishing self-care, reassessing their self, and enhancing self through self-care. Identity-related sub-themes for each main theme are discussed and discursively analysed. Two main points are emphasised: (1) the identity that was most salient in working mums' discourse was their personal identity (rather than work-family roles and identities), and (2) microstorias allowed working mums to challenge the hegemonic power of dominant discourses around their identities and their work-family roles. CONCLUSIONS: The study shows that a sociolinguistic approach to the exploration of working mums' identity negotiation is useful to highlight the ways in which mums contest binary assumptions of work-family roles and the need to reconsider working mums' life domains so that they reflect working mums' actual identity needs and lived experiences. Future lines of research are outlined.
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COVID-19 , Salud Mental , Humanos , COVID-19/psicología , Femenino , Adulto , Familia/psicología , Identificación Social , Madres/psicología , Apoyo Social , Equilibrio entre Vida Personal y Laboral , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
During the pandemic, there were a lot of lockdowns that brought changes to the population's daily routine, reducing social interactions, changing work and study methods, isolating the family at their home, which brought changes to family dynamics. These changes sparked the interest of nursing students in carrying out a research study. Starting from the question: What is the role of the dog in the family dynamics in times of pandemic? and the objective: identify the guardians' perceptions about the role of the dog in the family dynamics in a period of confinement, a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study was carried out, collecting data through a focus group with six guardians from different families. Bardin's protocol was used to analyze and process the data. Three categories emerged in this study, highlighting the benefits in terms of mental health, physical and psychological well-being of the family with the presence of the dog, its importance in strengthening family ties and the lessons learned from adopting the dogs. We conclude that, in nursing, it is necessary to highlight the presence of the dog in the family since it brings benefits to its dynamics.
Com o confinamento imposto pelo SARS-CoV-2, houve mudanças na dinâmica familiar. Para os estudantes de enfermagem este foi um assunto que gerou interesse em investigar. Partindo da questão: Qual o papel do cão na dinâmica familiar em tempo de pandemia? e do objetivo: identificar as perceções dos tutores sobre o papel do cão na dinâmica familiar num período de confinamento, enveredámos por um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, com recurso a focus group e amostra de seis membros de famílias diferentes. O tratamento e análise de dados seguiu o protocolo de Bardin. Identificámos que a existência de cão numa família influencia a sua dinâmica através dos benefícios obtidos quer a nível da saúde mental e bem-estar psicológico, quer a nível da saúde física. Igualmente, destacaram-se vantagens, apesar de algumas desvantagens. O vínculo afetivo entre cão e família, advém da reflexão sobre legislação portuguesa, proteção dos direitos dos animais, responsabilidades dos tutores e configuração familiar. Concluímos que na enfermagem, é necessário relevar a presença do cão na família uma vez que traz benefícios para a sua dinâmica. Esta torna-se uma visão inovadora quando pretendemos contribuir para a manutenção da saúde familiar focada nas necessidades de cada indivíduo, família e comunidade.
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COVID-19 , Perros , Animales , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/psicología , Masculino , Femenino , Grupos Focales , Relaciones Familiares/psicología , Salud Mental , Vínculo Humano-Animal , Adulto , Familia/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cuarentena/psicologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of flexible intensive care unit (ICU) visitation on the 1-year prevalence of post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression symptoms among family members of critically ill patients. METHODS: This is a long-term outcome analysis of a cluster-crossover randomized clinical trial that evaluated a flexible visitation model in the ICU (12 h/day) compared to a restrictive visitation model (median 1.5 h/day) in 36 Brazilian ICUs. In this analysis, family members were assessed 12 months after patient discharge from the ICU for the following outcomes: post-traumatic stress symptoms measured by the Impact Event Scale-6 and anxiety and depression symptoms measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS: A total of 519 family members were analyzed (288 in the flexible visitation group and 231 in the restrictive visitation group). Three-hundred sixty-nine (71.1%) were women, and the mean age was 46.6 years. Compared to family members in the restrictive visitation group, family members in the flexible visitation group had a significantly lower prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms (21% vs. 30.5%; adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85-0.98; p = 0.01). The prevalence of anxiety (28.9% vs. 33.2%; aPR 0.93; 95% CI 0.72-1.21; p = 0.59) and depression symptoms (19.2% vs. 25%; aPR, 0.78; 95% CI 0.60-1.02; p = 0.07) did not differ significantly between the groups. CONCLUSION: Flexible ICU visitation, compared to the restrictive visitation, was associated with a significant reduction in the 1-year prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms in family members.
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Ansiedad , Estudios Cruzados , Depresión , Familia , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Visitas a Pacientes , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/organización & administración , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos/estadística & datos numéricos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Familia/psicología , Visitas a Pacientes/psicología , Visitas a Pacientes/estadística & datos numéricos , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/prevención & control , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ansiedad/psicología , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Prevalencia , Enfermedad Crítica/psicología , Salud MentalRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To understand the experience of nurses working in pediatric units in the face of innovations and changes in the process of caring for children and families during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, the objective is to understand the typical experience of nurses in this care. METHOD: Qualitative research, which involved the participation of 16 nurses from pediatric units of a public teaching hospital. The data were analyzed according to the theoretical-methodological framework of Alfred Schütz's social phenomenology. RESULTS: The participants' reports generated the categories: the challenge of experiencing changes amid fear, the team's adaptation to innovations and changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the expectation for care and the work process. CONCLUSION: The understanding of the nurses' experience highlighted changes, team adaptations and expectations for the care of children and families, which, although permeated by learning, were experienced by ethical dilemmas and moral suffering for these professionals.
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COVID-19 , Enfermería Pediátrica , COVID-19/epidemiología , Humanos , Niño , Investigación Cualitativa , Femenino , Adulto , Masculino , Pandemias , Familia/psicología , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital/psicologíaRESUMEN
This article aims to investigate the implications of grief among family members of COVID-19 victims; verify the prevalence of prolonged grief symptoms; and identify family members' expectations regarding end-of-life care for their loved ones affected by COVID-19. Descriptive, cross-sectional research, with a quantitative-qualitative approach. Data collection was performed using an online questionnaire, guided by the PG-13 instrument. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied. The results were presented descriptively and with the aid of tables. The study sample included 142 family members, mostly female, who presented emotional, physical, social, and financial implications as a result of grief. A prevalence of prolonged grief symptoms was observed in 11.4% of the mourners with more than six months and 29.6% of those with less than six months. Three thematic categories were identified: transparency in communicating the health situation, access to moments of farewell, and promotion of comfort in care actions. The symptoms of Prolonged Grief Disorder have a significant association with the degree of kinship. In final care, family members' expectations were classified as: permission for a dignified farewell, effective communication, and promotion of comfort and care.
O objetivo deste artigo é investigar implicações do luto em familiares de vítimas da COVID-19; verificar a prevalência de sintomas de luto prolongado; identificar expectativas dos familiares acerca do cuidado em fim de vida de seus entes acometidos por COVID-19. Pesquisa descritiva, transversal, com abordagem quanti-qualitativa. Coleta de dados mediante questionário on-line, norteado pelo instrumento PG-13. Aplicou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados foram apresentados de forma descritiva e com auxílio de tabelas. Amostra de 142 familiares, maioria do sexo feminino, que apresentaram implicações emocionais, físicas, sociais e financeiras em decorrência do luto. Houve prevalência de sintomas de luto prolongado em 11,4% dos enlutados com mais de seis meses e 29.6% dos que tinham menos de seis meses. Foram identificadas três categorias temáticas: transparência na comunicação da situação de saúde, acesso a momentos de despedida e promoção de conforto nas ações de cuidado. Os sintomas de Transtorno de Luto Prolongado possuem associação significativa com o grau de parentesco. Nos cuidados finais as expectativas dos familiares foram classificadas em: permissão para despedida digna, comunicação efetiva e promoção de conforto e cuidado.
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COVID-19 , Familia , Pesar , Cuidado Terminal , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/psicología , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Transversales , Cuidado Terminal/psicología , Familia/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Anciano , Prevalencia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Neglect is one of the most frequently reported forms of violence against children and adolescents, although it has rarely been explored in national studies. In this light, the present study aimed to analyze the personal social network of families involved in negligence against children and adolescents. This work takes a qualitative approach, anchored in the Paradigm of Complexity, conducted with twenty families involved in negligence against children and adolescents in a municipality in the countryside of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Data collection took place through minimal maps of the personal social network and semi-structured interviews in January 2021. The networks were limited, with little to no interaction among the different services and sectors, and were predominantly homogeneous. Because they have many weakened ties, they are relatively unsupportive, pointing out difficulties in access to work, education, and health. Due to the characteristics of the network, the complexity of the phenomenon of neglect was identified, in which elements condition and perpetuate experiences of absence and fragility. Interprofessional and intersectoral views and actions are requested and recommended.
A negligência constitui uma das violências contra crianças e adolescentes mais notificadas, entretanto ainda pouco explorada em estudos nacionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a rede pessoal social de famílias envolvidas na negligência contra crianças e adolescentes. Estudo qualitativo, ancorado no paradigma da complexidade, realizado junto a 20 familiares envolvidos na negligência contra crianças e adolescentes em município do interior de São Paulo, Brasil. A coleta de dados se deu por mapas mínimos da rede pessoal social e entrevistas semiestruturadas em janeiro de 2021. As redes se apresentaram reduzidas, com pouca ou nenhuma articulação entre os diferentes serviços e setores e predominantemente homogêneas. Por terem muitos vínculos fragilizados, mostrou-se pouco sustentadora, apontando dificuldades no acesso a trabalho, educação e saúde. Pelas características da rede, identificou-se a complexidade do fenômeno da negligência, em que elementos condicionam e perpetuam vivências de ausências e fragilidades. Olhares e ações interprofissionais e intersetoriais são pleiteadas e recomendadas.
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Maltrato a los Niños , Entrevistas como Asunto , Humanos , Brasil , Niño , Adolescente , Femenino , Masculino , Familia/psicología , Adulto , Apoyo Social , Red SocialRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: to analyze the trends and factors associated with family refusal of skin donation for transplantation. METHODS: this cross-sectional study was conducted in the State of São Paulo, with family authorization terms collected from 2001 to 2020. The variables analyzed included year, age, gender, cause of death, and type of institution. Data were analyzed using linear and multiple logistic regression, with the Odds Ratio estimated at p<0.05 for statistical significance. RESULTS: 1,355 individuals refused skin donation. The trend of refusals decreased between 2001 and 2009 in the age groups of 0-11 years and 12-19 years, but increased in the group aged ≥60 years. This trend continued to decrease in the 0-11 years group from 2010 to 2020, and increased in the 20-40 years group. Males and the age groups of 20-40 years, 41-59 years, and ≥60 years exhibited 27%, 34%, 47%, and 53% lower chances of refusal, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: there is an urgent need for measures to mitigate the high number of refusals associated with skin donation.
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Familia , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Brasil , Adolescente , Niño , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/estadística & datos numéricos , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/tendencias , Obtención de Tejidos y Órganos/métodos , Familia/psicología , Preescolar , Lactante , Donantes de Tejidos/psicología , Donantes de Tejidos/estadística & datos numéricos , Trasplante de Piel/estadística & datos numéricos , Trasplante de Piel/tendencias , Trasplante de Piel/métodos , Trasplante de Piel/psicología , Anciano , Modelos LogísticosRESUMEN
Objective: To determine the effect of self-distancing, self-transcendence, and family functioning on self-care agency in Mexican older adults. Methods: Correlational-explanatory design, with a sample of 253 elderly, collecting data through a simple random sampling. A personal data questionnaire was applied, the scale of: self-transcendence, the self-distancing subscale, the family APGAR and the ability to self-care in Mexican population from different demographic groups. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied (Mann-Whitney U and a structural equation model) and the study was approved by a registered ethics committee. Results: The study had participation from 253 elderly, with a mean age of 68.02 years, with prevalence of the female sex (60.1%); the level of education was primary school or lower (51.4%). It was observed that the group of chronic diseases had lower self-distancing (U = 4.449.5, p = 0.038) and greater self-transcendence (U = 4177.0, p = 0.008), and selfcare (U = 4365.5, p = 0.024) than the group without chronic diseases. It was also found that self-transcendence, self-distancing, and family functionality produce a positive effect of 37% on selfcare. Conclusion: Self-distancing, self-transcendence, and family functionality explain an important proportion of selfcare in the elderly. Said knowledge permits understanding the care behavior of the elderly and, thus, propose future educational interventions by nursing to prevent or avoid functional, cognitive loss and social effects.
Asunto(s)
Autocuidado , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Anciano , Autocuidado/psicología , México , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedad Crónica , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Relaciones Familiares/psicología , Familia/psicologíaRESUMEN
Objective: To build and validate an educational technology consisting of a flipchart to promote self-efficacy in newborn care. Methods: A methodological study was carried out in two stages: (i) creation of the flipchart and (ii) validation by 25 experts and 50 people who could be the target audience (pregnant women, mothers or family members of newborns). Clarity, language, practical relevance and theoretical relevance were reviewed using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) instrument. The Content Validity Index and the Flesch Readability Index were calculated. Results: The serial album "Can you take care of your baby" consists of 30 pages. The overall Content Validity Index was 0.93 among experts and 1.0 among the target audience. The flipchart was considered superior quality material, reaching an agreement percentage of 94.9, indicating that it is suitable as an educational technology. Participants suggested adjustments, incorporated into the material for printed production. Conclusion: The flipchart developed and with content validated by experts is suitable for use in health education activities that aim to promote self-efficacy in caring for newborns.
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Tecnología Educacional , Cuidado del Lactante , Autoeficacia , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Femenino , Cuidado del Lactante/métodos , Tecnología Educacional/métodos , Embarazo , Adulto , Masculino , Madres/psicología , Educación en Salud/métodos , Familia/psicologíaRESUMEN
Primary caregivers of family members undergoing palliative care provide significant care, and as a result, their quality of life may be adversely affected. A systematic review was conducted to synthesize the evidence on caregiver's quality of life. Pubmed database and the digital library of the Universidad Católica Argentina were used. Thirteen articles were reviewed that addressed the following topics: general quality of life, impact on physical, emotional, social and spiritual dimensions, relationship between caregiver gender and quality of life. It is evident in the literature reviewed the importance of an adequate assessment of signs and symptoms in family caregivers in order to provide comprehensive assistance to promote their quality of life.
Los cuidadores principales de familiares que se encuentran bajo tratamiento paliativo brindan una atención significativa, y como resultado, su calidad de vida puede verse negativamente afectada. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática para sintetizar la evidencia sobre la calidad de vida de estos cuidadores. Se utilizaron la base de datos Pubmed y la biblioteca digital de la Universidad Católica Argentina. Se revisaron 13 artículos que plantearon las siguientes temáticas: calidad de vida general, impacto en las dimensiones física, emocional, social y espiritual, relación entre el género del cuidador y la calidad de vida. Se evidencia en la literatura revisada la importancia de una adecuada evaluación de los signos y síntomas en los cuidadores familiares con el fin de poder brindar asistencia integral para favorecer su calidad de vida.
Asunto(s)
Cuidadores , Cuidados Paliativos , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Cuidadores/psicología , Cuidados Paliativos/psicología , Calidad de Vida/psicología , Familia/psicología , Femenino , MasculinoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: to develop and validate the content and interface of a guidance website to support families in promoting Food and Nutrition Security for children under six months who are not breastfed. METHODS: methodological study, Knowledge Translation, in two stages of creation: 1) content and validation on the criterion of accuracy in a panel of experts; 2) interface and validation on the criteria of content, language, illustrations, layout, motivation, culture and applicability. RESULTS: the "Milky Way" website is freely available: https://www.ufsm.br/pet/ciencia-da-computacao/alimentacao-lactea. The content was structured in a decision tree made up of types of milk: milk formula, whole cow's milk and powdered milk; and utensils: bottle, cup and measuring spoon. There were 46 illustrations to elucidate the content, facilitate understanding and engage the target population. The Content Validity Index was 0.91. CONCLUSIONS: the website is a validated technology with evidence-based written and pictorial content translated for use with families.