RESUMEN
Spirulina platensis is a cyanobacterium with high protein content and presenting neuroprotective effects. Now, we studied a protein-enriched fraction (SPF), on behavior, neurochemical and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays in hemiparkinsonian rats, distributed into the groups: SO (sham-operated), 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and 6-OHDA (treated with SPF, 5 and 10 mg/kg, p.o., 15 days). Afterward, animals were subjected to behavioral tests and euthanized, and brain areas used for neurochemical and IHC assays. SPF partly reversed the changes in the apomorphine-induced rotations, open field and forced swim tests, and also the decrease in striatal dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid contents seen in hemiparkinsonian rats. Furthermore, SPF reduced brain oxidative stress and increased striatal expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine transporter and significantly reduced hippocampal inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and glial fibrillary acidic protein expressions. The data suggest that the protein fraction from S. platensis, through its brain anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions, exerts neuroprotective effects that could benefit patients affected by neurodegenerative diseases, like Parkinson's disease.
Asunto(s)
Fármacos Neuroprotectores , Enfermedad de Parkinson , Spirulina , Extractos de Tejidos , Animales , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Cuerpo Estriado/efectos de los fármacos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Proteína Ácida Fibrilar de la Glía/metabolismo , Neuroprotección , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/metabolismo , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/uso terapéutico , Oxidopamina , Enfermedad de Parkinson/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Parkinson/metabolismo , Ratas , Spirulina/metabolismo , Extractos de Tejidos/metabolismo , Extractos de Tejidos/farmacología , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Understanding the relation between the environmental stress factors and the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis efficiency can reduce the susceptibility to thyroid diseases. In our study, thyroid dysfunction was induced in female rats by administration of 40 mg Na F/kg.bd.wt/day for a month. Co-administration of the water extract of Arca noae (300 mg/kg. bw) was tested as a treatment for Na F induced thyroid dysfunction. A group of rats injected Arca noae extract only (300 mg/kg.bd.wt) was performed to observe the impact of the extract on the (HPT) axis in addition to the normal control group. Results showed that there was a significant decrease in serum triglycerides, total protein and albumin levels in the fluoride supplemented group in addition to abnormal levels of TSH, (T4) and (T3) compared to the control group. In the treated group there was an improvement in the proteins level and lipid profile but pseudo-corrected serum (T4) and (T3) levels were observed in addition to a continuous increase in TSH level. Histological findings confirmed the harmful effect of fluoride on both the non treated and the treated groups. Consequently, fluoride supplementation must be considered as a harmful stress that may affect permanently the HPT axis.(AU)
Compreender a relação entre os fatores de estresse ambiental e o eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-tireoide (HPT) pode reduzir a suscetibilidade a doenças da tireoide. Em nosso estudo, a disfunção tireoidiana foi induzida em ratos fêmeas pela administração de 40 mg Na F/kg.bw/dia durante um mês. A administração concomitante do extrato aquoso de Arca noae (300 mg/kg.Pc) foi testada como tratamento para a disfunção tireoidiana induzida por Na F. Um grupo de ratos injetados apenas com extrato de Arca noae (300 mg/kg. Pc) foi pré-formado com o intuito de observar o impacto do extrato no eixo (HPT), além do grupo controle normal. Os resultados mostraram que houve uma diminuição significativa nos níveis séricos de triglicerídeos, proteína total e albumina no grupo suplementado com fluoreto, além de níveis anormais de TSH, (T4) e (T3) em comparação ao grupo controle. No grupo tratado, houve uma melhora no nível de proteínas e perfil lipídico. Os níveis séricos pseudocorrigidos (T4) e (T3) foram observados, além de um aumento contínuo no nível de TSH. Os achados histológicos confirmaram o efeito prejudicial do flúor nos grupos não tratado e tratado. Consequentemente, a suplementação de flúor é considerada um estresse prejudicial que pode afetar permanentemente o eixo HPT.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Ratas , Glándula Tiroides/anomalías , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , BivalvosRESUMEN
Ulomoides dermestoides is a beetle traditionally consumed to treat diabetes. In this study, we performed a composition analysis of U. dermestoides to obtain the principal fractions, which were used to assess the effect on glycemia, liver and pancreatic architecture, and PPARγ and GLUT4 expression. Normal mice and alloxan-induced diabetic mice were administered fractions of chitin, protein or fat, and the acute hypoglycemic effect was evaluated. A subacute study involving daily administration of these fractions to diabetic mice was also performed over 30 days, after which the liver and pancreas were processed by conventional histological techniques and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to evaluate morphological changes. The most active fraction, the fat fraction, was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and PPARγ and GLUT4 mRNA expressions were determined in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The protein and fat fractions exhibited hypoglycemic effects in the acute as well as in the 30-day study. Only the fat fraction led to elevated insulin levels and reduced glycemia, as well as lower intake of water and food. In the liver, we observed recovery of close hepatic cords in the central lobule vein following treatment with the fat fraction, while in the pancreas there was an increased density and percentage of islets and number of cells per islet, suggesting cellular regeneration. The GC-MS analysis of fat revealed three fatty acids as the major components. Finally, increased expression of PPARγ and GLUT4 was observed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, indicating an antidiabetic effect.
Asunto(s)
Escarabajos/química , Cuerpo Adiposo/química , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Páncreas/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patología , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Transportador de Glucosa de Tipo 4/efectos de los fármacos , Transportador de Glucosa de Tipo 4/metabolismo , Hipoglucemiantes/aislamiento & purificación , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Masculino , PPAR gamma/efectos de los fármacos , PPAR gamma/metabolismo , Páncreas/metabolismo , Páncreas/patología , ARN Mensajero/efectos de los fármacos , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Extractos de Tejidos/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Ulomoides dermestoides is a beetle traditionally consumed to treat diabetes. In this study, we performed a composition analysis of U. dermestoides to obtain the principal fractions, which were used to assess the effect on glycemia, liver and pancreatic architecture, and PPARγ and GLUT4 expression. Normal mice and alloxan-induced diabetic mice were administered fractions of chitin, protein or fat, and the acute hypoglycemic effect was evaluated. A subacute study involving daily administration of these fractions to diabetic mice was also performed over 30 days, after which the liver and pancreas were processed by conventional histological techniques and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to evaluate morphological changes. The most active fraction, the fat fraction, was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and PPARγ and GLUT4 mRNA expressions were determined in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The protein and fat fractions exhibited hypoglycemic effects in the acute as well as in the 30-day study. Only the fat fraction led to elevated insulin levels and reduced glycemia, as well as lower intake of water and food. In the liver, we observed recovery of close hepatic cords in the central lobule vein following treatment with the fat fraction, while in the pancreas there was an increased density and percentage of islets and number of cells per islet, suggesting cellular regeneration. The GC-MS analysis of fat revealed three fatty acids as the major components. Finally, increased expression of PPARγ and GLUT4 was observed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, indicating an antidiabetic effect.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Páncreas/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Escarabajos/química , Cuerpo Adiposo/química , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Páncreas/metabolismo , Páncreas/patología , Extractos de Tejidos/aislamiento & purificación , ARN Mensajero/efectos de los fármacos , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , PPAR gamma/efectos de los fármacos , PPAR gamma/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/patología , Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Transportador de Glucosa de Tipo 4/efectos de los fármacos , Transportador de Glucosa de Tipo 4/metabolismo , Hipoglucemiantes/aislamiento & purificación , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de MasasRESUMEN
Current therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are not totally effective, resulting in persistent and recurrent disease for many patients. Mosquito saliva contains immunomodulatory molecules and therein could represent a novel therapy for IBD. Here, we demonstrated the therapeutic activity of salivary gland extract (SGE) of Aedes aegypti on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. For this purpose, C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to 3% DSS in drinking water and treated with SGE at early (days 3-5) or late (days 5-8) time points, followed by euthanasia on days 6 and 9, respectively, for sample collection. The results showed an improvement in clinical disease outcome and postmortem scores after SGE treatment, accompanied by the systemic reduction in peripheral blood lymphocytes, with no impact on bone marrow and mesenteric lymph nodes cellularity or macrophages toxicity. Moreover, a local diminishment of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-1ß and IL-5 cytokines together with a reduction in the inflammatory area were observed in the colon of SGE-treated mice. Strikingly, early treatment with SGE led to mice protection from a late DSS re-challenging, as observed by decreased clinical and postmortem scores, besides reduced circulating lymphocytes, indicating that the mosquito saliva may present components able to prevent disease relapse. Indeed, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) experiments pointed to a major SGE pool fraction (F3) able to ameliorate disease signs. In conclusion, SGE and its components might represent a source of important immunomodulatory molecules with promising therapeutic activity for IBD.
Asunto(s)
Aedes/química , Factores Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/tratamiento farmacológico , Glándulas Salivales/química , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Línea Celular , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/inmunología , Colon/patología , Citocinas/análisis , Sulfato de Dextran/administración & dosificación , Sulfato de Dextran/farmacología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Factores Inmunológicos/administración & dosificación , Factores Inmunológicos/efectos adversos , Factores Inmunológicos/inmunología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/inmunología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/patología , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/inmunología , Macrófagos/patología , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Extractos de Tejidos/administración & dosificación , Extractos de Tejidos/efectos adversos , Extractos de Tejidos/inmunologíaRESUMEN
CONTEXT: Animals are used for the treatment of diseases caused by inflammatory processes, although few studies evaluate their potential for these purposes. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of zootherapeutic products derived from vertebrates used in Brazilian traditional medicine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The species analyzed were Tupinambis merianae, Iguana iguana, Crotalus durissus, Boa constrictor, and Euphractus sexcinctus. The methods used in anti-inflammatory assays were ear edema (topical) and paw (systemic). RESULTS: With regard to topical anti-inflammatory activity, the fat from T. merianae, C. durissus, I. iguana, B. constrictor, and E. sexcinctus reduced inflammation, while for systemic anti-inflammatory activity, only the fat and the skin of C. durissus, the skin of I. iguana and the fat from B. constrictor reduced inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: Studies should be conducted to evaluate the mechanisms of action for each product that demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity as well as against other inflammatory processes.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/aislamiento & purificación , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Medicina Tradicional/métodos , Piel/química , Grasa Subcutánea/química , Animales , Boidae , Brasil , Crotalus , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Edema/patología , Iguanas , Masculino , Ratones , Aceites/aislamiento & purificación , Aceites/uso terapéutico , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Extractos de Tejidos/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous neoplasm in the male population worldwide. It is typically diagnosed in its early stages, and the disease exhibits a relatively indolent course in most patients. Despite the curability of localized disease with prostatectomy and radiation therapy, some patients develop metastatic disease and die. Although androgen deprivation is present in the majority of patients with metastatic prostate cancer, a state of androgen resistance eventually develops. Castration-resistant prostate cancer, defined when there is progression of disease despite low levels of testosterone, requires specialized care, and improved communication between medical and urologic oncologists has been identified as a key component in delivering effective therapy. Despite being considered a chemoresistant tumor in the past, the use of a prostate-specific antigen has paved the way for a new generation of trials for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Docetaxel is a life-prolonging chemotherapy that has been established as the standard first-line agent in two phase III clinical trials. Cabazitaxel, a novel taxane with activity in cancer models resistant to paclitaxel and docetaxel, is the only agent that has been compared to a chemotherapy control in a phase III clinical trial as a second-line therapy; it was found to prolong the overall survival of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer previously treated with docetaxel when compared to mitoxantrone. Other agents used in this setting include abiraterone and sipuleucel-T, and novel therapies are continually being investigated in an attempt to improve the outcome for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Asunto(s)
Antagonistas de Andrógenos/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Orquiectomía , Neoplasias de la Próstata/tratamiento farmacológico , Androstenos , Androstenoles/uso terapéutico , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Docetaxel , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias de la Próstata/cirugía , Taxoides/uso terapéutico , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy of Sipuleucel-T versus placebo for asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic metastatic castration-refractory prostate cancer (mCRPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Several databases were searched, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and CENTRAL. The endpoints were overall survival (OS), time to progression (TTP) and side effects. We performed a meta-analysis (MA) of the published data. The results are expressed as Hazard Ratio (HR) or Risk Ratio (RR), with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI 95%). RESULTS: The final analysis included 3 trials comprising 737 patients. The TTP was similar in patients who received Sipuleucel-T or placebo (fixed effect: HR = 0.89; CI 95% = 0.75 to 1.05; p = 0.16), with no heterogeneity detected on this analysis (Chi2 = 2.14, df = 2 (P = 0.34); I2 = 6%). The results showed a higher overall survival in patients treated with Sipuleucel-T (fixed effect: HR = 0.74; CI 95% = 0.61 to 0.89; p = 0.001; NNT = 3). We found no heterogeneity on this analysis either (Chi2 = 1.46, df = 2 (P = 0.48); I2 = 0%). The incidence of adverse events (grade > 3) was the same in both groups. CONCLUSION: Sipuleucel-T prolongs overall survival in patients with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic mCRPC.
Asunto(s)
Vacunas contra el Cáncer/uso terapéutico , Inmunoterapia/métodos , Neoplasias de la Próstata/terapia , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Orquiectomía , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Prostate cancer is the most common non-cutaneous neoplasm in the male population worldwide. It is typically diagnosed in its early stages, and the disease exhibits a relatively indolent course in most patients. Despite the curability of localized disease with prostatectomy and radiation therapy, some patients develop metastatic disease and die. Although androgen deprivation is present in the majority of patients with metastatic prostate cancer, a state of androgen resistance eventually develops. Castration-resistant prostate cancer, defined when there is progression of disease despite low levels of testosterone, requires specialized care, and improved communication between medical and urologic oncologists has been identified as a key component in delivering effective therapy. Despite being considered a chemoresistant tumor in the past, the use of a prostate-specific antigen has paved the way for a new generation of trials for castration-resistant prostate cancer. Docetaxel is a life-prolonging chemotherapy that has been established as the standard first-line agent in two phase III clinical trials. Cabazitaxel, a novel taxane with activity in cancer models resistant to paclitaxel and docetaxel, is the only agent that has been compared to a chemotherapy control in a phase III clinical trial as a second-line therapy; it was found to prolong the overall survival of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer previously treated with docetaxel when compared to mitoxantrone. Other agents used in this setting include abiraterone and sipuleucel-T, and novel therapies are continually being investigated in an attempt to improve the outcome for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Antagonistas de Andrógenos/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Orquiectomía , Neoplasias de la Próstata/tratamiento farmacológico , Androstenoles/uso terapéutico , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Medicina Basada en la Evidencia , Neoplasias de la Próstata/cirugía , Taxoides/uso terapéutico , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéuticoAsunto(s)
Hormonas Esteroides Gonadales/uso terapéutico , Gonadotropinas Hipofisarias/uso terapéutico , Terapia de Reemplazo de Hormonas/historia , Aborto Habitual/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Amenorrea/tratamiento farmacológico , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Hormonas Esteroides Gonadales/administración & dosificación , Gonadotropinas Hipofisarias/administración & dosificación , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Embarazo , Pruebas de Embarazo , Embarazo en Diabéticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Extractos de Tejidos/administración & dosificación , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Hemorragia Uterina/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy is the only recognized causal treatment for allergies. It is prepared on an individual basis, based on the patient's clinical history and the result of the skin prick test (SPT). An adequate composition of the allergens with which to test the patient is crucial for an optimal diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To know allergens used in tests in allergy practices in Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A national survey among all members of the Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia (CMICA) and of the Colegio Mexicano de Pediatras Especialistas en Inmunología Clínica y Alergia (COMPEDIA) was carried out. In a second phase respondents were asked to send in the composition of a routine SPT in their clinic. The results are presented descriptively and the frequency is calculated by which certain allergen is tested in the interviewed practices. RESULTS: A survey response rate of 61 (17%) was obtained and 54% showed their SPT content. Weeds' representation in the SPT seems adequate; Atriplex is tested in all allergy practices. Some trees that show cross-reactivity might be eliminated from the SPT, but 20% doesn't test for Cynodon nor Holcus, and 25% doesn't for important allergens as cat, dog and cockroach. House dust and tobacco are still tested with certain frequency. CONCLUSIONS: The selection of which allergens to test in a SPT is based on multiple data, that change continuously with new investigations and discoveries. Our specialty is the most indicated--and obligated--to adjust constantly to these changes to have the best diagnostic tool to detect specific allergies.
Asunto(s)
Alérgenos , Hipersensibilidad/diagnóstico , Pruebas Cutáneas , Alérgenos/clasificación , Alérgenos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Animales Domésticos/inmunología , Cucarachas/inmunología , Reacciones Cruzadas , Recolección de Datos , Desensibilización Inmunológica , Alimentos , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidad a los Alimentos/terapia , Hongos/inmunología , Humanos , Hipersensibilidad/terapia , México , Ácaros/inmunología , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Polen/inmunología , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
We investigated the effect of an extract from a helminth (Ascaris suum) in zymosan-induced arthritis (ZYA) or collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Rats and mice, respectively, received 1 mg and 0.1 mg zymosan intra-articularly (i.a.). Test groups received an A. suum extract either per os (p.o.) or intraperitoneally (i.p.) 30 min prior to i.a. zymosan. Controls received saline. Hypernociception was measured using the articular incapacitation test. Cell influx, nitrite, and cytokine levels were assessed in joint exudates. The synovia and distal femoral extremities were used for histopathology. Cartilage damage was assessed through determining glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content. DBA/1J mice were subjected to CIA. The test group received A. suum extract i.p. 1 day after CIA became clinically detectable. Clinical severity and hypernociception were assessed daily. Neutrophil influx was determined using myeloperoxidase activity. The A. suum extract, either i.p. or p.o., significantly and dose-dependently inhibited cell influx and hypernociception in ZYA in addition to reducing GAG loss and ameliorating synovitis. The A. suum extract reduced i.a. levels of NO, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-10 but not tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in rats subjected to ZYA while reducing i.a. IL-10, but not IL-1beta or TNF-alpha, levels in mice. Clinically, mice subjected to CIA treated with the A. suum extract had less severe arthritis. Hypernociception, myeloperoxidase activity, and synovitis severity were significantly reduced. These data show that a helminth extract given p.o. protects from arthritis severity in two classical arthritis models. This A. suum effect is species independent and functions orally and parenterally. The results show clinical and structural benefits when A. suum extract is given either prophylactically or therapeutically.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Artritis Experimental/tratamiento farmacológico , Ascaris suum/química , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios/química , Artritis Experimental/metabolismo , Artritis Experimental/patología , Colágeno/toxicidad , Citocinas/metabolismo , Vías de Administración de Medicamentos , Masculino , Ratones , Manejo del Dolor , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Membrana Sinovial/patología , Extractos de Tejidos/administración & dosificación , Extractos de Tejidos/química , Zimosan/toxicidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Sublingual immunotherapy is based on the treatment of distinct pathologies. It is not exempt from discomfort and hazards; thus, alternative approaches for therapy are being tested. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of sublingual immunotherapy, with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in asthmatic children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty pediatric patients of both sexes between 5 and 15 years were randomly divided into two groups. The first group received sublingual immunotherapy with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in concentrations of 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 8000 and 10,000 biological units. Both groups received conventional therapy, and spirometry and total IgE were measured every 30 days. The use of bronchodilators and steroids was assessed before and during the test. RESULTS: Peak expiratory flow improved in the study group with a remarkable difference (p < 0.05). There were not significant differences in the control group (p > 0.05); however, at the end of the study an increase of 80% was observed. In urgency services, patients who received immunotherapy had relative risk (RR) = 0.36 and confidence interval (CI) of 95%, 0.15, 0.84. The use of steroids equally decreased in patients receiving immunotherapy RR = 0.27, CI 95%, 0.10, 0.69. CONCLUSIONS: Sublingual immunotherapy does reduce the risk for asthma episodes in children.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos Dermatofagoides/uso terapéutico , Asma/terapia , Desensibilización Inmunológica , Pyroglyphidae/inmunología , Administración Sublingual , Adolescente , Corticoesteroides/uso terapéutico , Antiasmáticos/uso terapéutico , Antígenos Dermatofagoides/administración & dosificación , Antígenos Dermatofagoides/inmunología , Asma/tratamiento farmacológico , Asma/etiología , Asma/fisiopatología , Niño , Terapia Combinada , Relación Dosis-Respuesta Inmunológica , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Ápice del Flujo Espiratorio , Extractos de Tejidos/inmunología , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Se demostró por observación macroscópica e histológica que la aplicación tópica de un extracto de cordón umbilical humano en forma de gel, es capaz de proteger la piel de ratones albinos Balb/C de los efectos perjudiciales producidos por la exposición de estos a una fuente artificial de radiaciones ultravioletas. Se compararon además los resultados obtenidos en este sentido con un fotoprotector de la industria norteamericana, e igualmente se discutieron las posibilidades de usar este modelo biológico para evaluar productos con acción fotoprotectora(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Ratones , Protectores contra Radiación/uso terapéutico , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Cordón Umbilical , Traumatismos Experimentales por Radiación/tratamiento farmacológico , Ratones Endogámicos BALB CRESUMEN
Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, aleatorizado simple y abierto, no controlado por placebo, el cual reclutó 38 pacientes atendidos en la Consulta Externa de Oncología del Instituto Superior de Medicina Militar "Dr. Luis Díaz Soto", con diagnóstico inequívoco (clínico e histológico) de neoplasia sólida epitelial, que después de comenzar terapéutica radiante oncoespecífica y constatar en el paciente elegido para el ensayo, conteos absolutos iniciales de granulocitos y/o linfocitos por debajo del 30 porciento de los valores normales, se asignaron a 4 grupos de tratamiento con polvo desecado puro de cartílago de tiburón (PDCT) durante 12 semanas. El grupo 1 (n=15) recibió tratamiento durante 3 meses con una dosis de 6 g/d por vía oral de PDCT; el grupo 2 (n=8) y grupo 3 (n=8) recibieron durante el mismo período una dosis diaria de 12 y 18 g respectivamente. El grupo 4 (n=7) no fue tratado con PDCT (grupo control). Se realizaron en todos los grupos evaluación del performance inmunológico, al inicio y al final del tratamiento con inmunocomplejo circulante (ICC), prueba de roseta activa (RA) y espontánea (RE). En comparación con el grupo control, la administración de cualquiera de los esquemas de dosis de PDCT evocó respuestas significativas en el orden cuantitativo de los parámetros inmunológicos. Se observó que los pacientes tratados con 6 g/d de PDCT experimentaron un ascenso en 2,7 veces los títulos de ICC, el 9 porciento los valores de RA y el 15 porciento los valores de RE. El grupo de 12 g aumentó en 4 veces los valores de ICC, el 12 porciento los valores de RA y el 29 porciento los valores de RE. Dosis de 18 g/d de PDCT se asoció con intolerancia(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Cartílago , Tiburones , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Traumatismos por Radiación/tratamiento farmacológico , Traumatismos por Radiación/inmunología , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
Ablation of host submaxillary glands modifies Ehrlich tumor growth and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes, possibly by modifications in the serum level of growth factors produced by this gland. To extend this research, 7-month-old male EPM-1 mice (N = 30) were divided into two groups: 1) inoculated with tumor cells previously incubated with submaxillary salivary gland extract (SGE) in PBS for 30 min at 37%; 2) inoculated with tumor cells previously incubated with PBS, under the same conditions. Animals were inoculated into the footpad with 40 microl of a suspension containing 4.5 x 10(7) tumor cells/ml, and footpad thickness was measured daily for 10 days. Sections and smears of tumor cells were prepared from the tumor mass to determine mitosis frequency, percent of tumor cells immunopositive to nerve (NGF) and epidermal (EGF) growth factors and percent of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes. The incubation of tumor cells with SGE produced a tumor reduction of about 30% in size (P<0.01). This effect was not related to loss of cell viability during incubation, but a 33% increase (P<0.05) in the percentage of dead or dying tumor cells and a 15% increase in the percent of NGF/EGF-positive tumor cells (P<0.01) were observed in vivo at the end of experiment. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and mitosis frequency did not differ between groups. These data suggest a direct effect of factors present in SGE on tumor cells, which induce degeneration of tumor cells.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Ehrlich/terapia , Glándula Submandibular/química , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/inmunología , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/patología , Factor de Crecimiento Epidérmico/metabolismo , Células Asesinas Naturales , Masculino , Ratones , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Factores de Crecimiento Nervioso/metabolismo , Glándula Submandibular/cirugía , Células Tumorales CultivadasRESUMEN
The placenta should be an excellent source of factors which might be efficacious in the treatment of vitiligo. Proof, however, for that hypothesis is lacking. Numerous claims have been made about Melagenina. It would appear to be nontoxic if we were to assume that the medication does not contain infectious agents. The ease of application certainly is of value for patients with vitiligo who wish to try some therapy for their disease. Practically, it is very costly to travel to Cuba and to export Melagenina. The cost of shipping on airplanes plus import duties make the price very high. Unfortunately, the inconvenience of the travel and the costs cannot necessarily be offset by the claims to efficacy. The biochemistry, assays for biological activity and the pharmacology studies as reported do not stand up to rigorous and acceptable scientific standards. The medication clearly needs further and intensive study. Now that the barriers between countries are being dismantled, it is hoped that the Cuban team will be able to travel to other laboratories outside of Cuba where they can continue animal studies as well as studies on melanocytes growing in culture. In addition, it is hoped that they will be able to share more about the pharmacology, the chemistry, the isolation and other chemical properties of the medication. These results can be published and will stand up to scrutiny by the world's medical and scientific community. Until that time, patients and their physicians must recognize the uncertain quality of the claims as well as the high financial cost and potential risk of using Melagenina either within or outside of Cuba.
Asunto(s)
Placenta , Extractos de Tejidos/uso terapéutico , Vitíligo/tratamiento farmacológico , Cuba , Drogas en Investigación/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Melanocitos/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in 62 patients (30 with osteoarthritis of the hip, 32 with osteoarthritis of the knee) to examine the efficacy of glycosaminoglycan-peptide complex in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Patients received 8-week courses of trial medication, each consisting of intramuscular injections of 3 x 2 ml ampoules per week, alternating with 8-week periods free of trial medication, in addition to conventional drug therapy and physiotherapy, as required. After 2-years' treatment, glycosaminoglycan-peptide-treated patients showed significant improvements, as compared with placebo, in relation to night pain, pain during the day, joint mobility and walking ability. Similar results were seen with both osteoarthritis of the hip and knee. In osteoarthritis of the knee it was also possible to assess joint swelling and this also showed a significant improvement. There were no significant changes in range of joint movement except for a significant decrease in active flexion in the patients with osteoarthritis of the knee treated with placebo. In contrast with many anti-osteoarthritic drugs, glycosaminoglycan-peptide complex was very well tolerated. These results suggest that glycosaminoglycan-peptide complex may be a valuable alternative form of long-term therapy for patients with osteoarthritis.