RESUMEN
Ion Mobility (IM) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) is a useful tool for separating species of interest out of small quantities of heterogenous mixtures via a combination of m/z and molecular shape. While tandem MS instruments are common, instruments which employ tandem IM are less so with the first commercial IM-MS instrument capable of multiple IM selection rounds being released in 2019. Here we explore the history of tandem IM instruments, recent developments, the applications to biological systems and expected future directions.
Asunto(s)
Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/instrumentación , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/métodos , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/instrumentación , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/métodos , Biofisica/historia , Biofisica/tendencias , Técnicas de Química Analítica/historia , Técnicas de Química Analítica/tendencias , Diseño de Equipo , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/tendencias , Iones , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem/tendenciasRESUMEN
Ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS) combines complementary size- and mass-selective separations into a single analytical platform. This chapter provides context for both the instrumental arrangements and key application areas that are commonly encountered in bioanalytical settings. New advances in these high-throughput strategies are described with description of complementary informatics tools to effectively utilize these data-intensive measurements. Rapid separations such as these are especially important in systems, synthetic, and chemical biology in which many small molecules are transient and correspond to various biological classes for integrated omics measurements. This chapter highlights the fundamentals of IM-MS and its applications toward biomolecular separations and discusses methods currently being used in the fields of proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics.
Asunto(s)
Genómica , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica , Metabolómica , Proteómica , Genómica/historia , Genómica/instrumentación , Genómica/métodos , Genómica/tendencias , Historia del Siglo XX , Historia del Siglo XXI , Humanos , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/historia , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/instrumentación , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/métodos , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/tendencias , Metabolómica/historia , Metabolómica/instrumentación , Metabolómica/métodos , Metabolómica/tendencias , Proteómica/historia , Proteómica/instrumentación , Proteómica/métodos , Proteómica/tendenciasRESUMEN
Carbohydrate analyses are often challenging due to the structural complexity of these molecules, as well as the lack of suitable analytical tools for distinguishing the vast number of possible isomers. The coupled technique, ion mobility-mass spectrometry (IM-MS), has been in use for two decades for the analysis of complex biomolecules, and in recent years it has emerged as a powerful technique for the analysis of carbohydrates. For carbohydrates, most studies have focused on the separation and characterization of isomers in biological samples. IM-MS is capable of separating isomeric ions by drift time, and further characterizing them by mass analysis. Applications of IM-MS in carbohydrate analysis are extremely useful and important for understanding many biological mechanisms and for the determination of disease states, although efforts are still needed for higher sensitivity and resolution.
Asunto(s)
Carbohidratos/análisis , Glicómica , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/tendencias , Espectrometría de Masas/tendencias , Carbohidratos/química , Iones/química , IsomerismoRESUMEN
SUMMARY Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a fast, low cost, portable, and sensitive technique that separates ions in a drift tube under the influence of an electric field according to their size and shape. IMS represents a non-invasive and reliable instrumental alternative for the diagnosis of different diseases through the analysis of volatile metabolites in biological samples. IMS has applications in medicine in the study of volatile compounds for the non-invasive diagnose of bronchial carcinoma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other diseases analysing breath, urine, blood, faeces, and other biological samples. This technique has been used to study complex mixtures such as proteomes, metabolomes, complete organisms like bacteria and viruses, monitor anaesthetic agents, determine drugs, pharmaceuticals, and volatile compounds in human body fluids, and others. Pharmaceutical applications include analysis of over-the-counter-drugs, quality assessment, and cleaning verification. Medical practice needs non-invasive, robust, secure, fast, real-time, and low-cost methods with high sensitivity and compact size instruments to diagnose different diseases and IMS is the diagnostic tool that meets all these requirements of the Medicine of the future.
RESUMO A espectrometria de mobilidade iônica (IMS) é uma técnica rápida, de baixo custo, portátil e sensível que separa íons em um tubo de deriva sob a influência de um campo elétrico de acordo com seu tamanho e forma. A IMS representa uma alternativa instrumental não invasiva e confiável para o diagnóstico de diferentes doenças por meio da análise de metabólitos voláteis em amostras biológicas. A IMS possui aplicações em medicina no estudo de compostos voláteis para o diagnóstico não invasivo de carcinoma brônquico, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica e outras doenças que analisam respiração, urina, sangue, fezes e outras amostras biológicas. A IMS tem sido usada para estudar misturas complexas, como proteomas, metabólitos, organismos completos como bactérias e vírus, monitorar agentes anestésicos, determinar drogas, produtos farmacêuticos e compostos voláteis em fluidos corporais e outros fluidos. As aplicações farmacêuticas incluem análises de medicamentos sem receita, avaliação de qualidade e verificação de limpeza. A prática médica precisa de métodos não invasivos, robustos, seguros, rápidos, em tempo real e de baixo custo com instrumentos de alta sensibilidade e tamanho compacto para diagnosticar diferentes doenças e a IMS é a ferramenta de diagnóstico que atende a todos esses requisitos da medicina do futuro.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/métodos , Pruebas Respiratorias/métodos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Técnicas de Diagnóstico del Sistema Respiratorio , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/análisis , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/tendencias , Enfermedades Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Ilustración MédicaRESUMEN
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a fast, low cost, portable, and sensitive technique that separates ions in a drift tube under the influence of an electric field according to their size and shape. IMS represents a non-invasive and reliable instrumental alternative for the diagnosis of different diseases through the analysis of volatile metabolites in biological samples. IMS has applications in medicine in the study of volatile compounds for the non-invasive diagnose of bronchial carcinoma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other diseases analysing breath, urine, blood, faeces, and other biological samples. This technique has been used to study complex mixtures such as proteomes, metabolomes, complete organisms like bacteria and viruses, monitor anaesthetic agents, determine drugs, pharmaceuticals, and volatile compounds in human body fluids, and others. Pharmaceutical applications include analysis of over-the-counter-drugs, quality assessment, and cleaning verification. Medical practice needs non-invasive, robust, secure, fast, real-time, and low-cost methods with high sensitivity and compact size instruments to diagnose different diseases and IMS is the diagnostic tool that meets all these requirements of the Medicine of the future.