RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury can be caused by surgical procedures and inflammatory bowel disease. It is normally associated with the increased production of free radicals and changes in the enteric nervous system. AIMS: Given the antioxidant and neuroprotective properties of resveratrol, the present study assessed its influence on oxidative stress in the intestinal wall and the morphology of myenteric neurons in the ileum of rats subjected to ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS: Resveratrol was orally administered daily at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 5 days. Changes in the ileum response to ischemia after 45 min were investigated followed by 3 h reperfusion. Lipoperoxide and carbonylated protein levels, and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were measured following ischemia/reperfusion injury. RESULTS: The density and morphometry of the general neuronal population, nitrergic neurons and glial cells, and morphometry of VIP varicosities in the ileum were also studied. Lipoperoxide and carbonylated protein levels were 171 and 40% higher during the ischemia/reperfusion, respectively, compared to control cohorts, and resveratrol attenuated these values. The glutathione ratio was 64% lower during ischemia/reperfusion, compared to control cohorts. Resveratrol increased the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio, attenuated the changes in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the detrimental morphologic changes caused by ischemia/reperfusion in the general neuronal population and nitrergic neurons. CONCLUSIONS: Oral treatment with resveratrol reduced the oxidative stress in the ileum and attenuated the morphologic changes that occurred in the myenteric plexus of the ileum in rats subjected to ischemia/reperfusion.
Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/farmacología , Enfermedades del Íleon/tratamiento farmacológico , Íleon/efectos de los fármacos , Plexo Mientérico/efectos de los fármacos , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Daño por Reperfusión/tratamiento farmacológico , Estilbenos/farmacología , Administración Oral , Animales , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Glucosafosfato Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Glutatión/metabolismo , Glutatión Peroxidasa/metabolismo , Glutatión Reductasa/metabolismo , Enfermedades del Íleon/metabolismo , Enfermedades del Íleon/patología , Íleon/inervación , Íleon/metabolismo , Peroxidación de Lípido/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Plexo Mientérico/metabolismo , Plexo Mientérico/patología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/administración & dosificación , Neuronas Nitrérgicas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas Nitrérgicas/metabolismo , Neuronas Nitrérgicas/patología , Carbonilación Proteica/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas Wistar , Daño por Reperfusión/metabolismo , Daño por Reperfusión/patología , Resveratrol , Estilbenos/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
Six patients with gastrointestinal fistulae treated with a potent inhibitor of gastrointestinal hormones, the somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 are reported. All patients had severe intraabdominal diseases and underwent a mean of 3.5 surgery procedures during their hospital stay. When the patients were analyzed individually a mean reduction of 42.5% (P < 0.050 of basal fistulae output was observed after treatment. In three patients the fistulae closed after seven and ten days of treatment with the analogue; the other three patients died after a protracted hospital stay which included multiple admissions to the Intensive Care Unit. When the output of all fistulae treated where analyzed together it showed a tendency to decrease, but it didn't reach statistical significance.