RESUMEN
Organic solvents are ubiquitous in occupational settings where they may contribute to risks for carcinogenesis. However, there is limited information on organic solvents as human breast carcinogens. We examined the relationship between occupational exposure to solvents and breast cancer in a prospective study of 47,661 women with an occupational history in the Sister Study cohort. Occupational solvent exposure was categorized using self-reported job-specific solvent use collected at baseline. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to assess breast cancer risk, adjusting for established breast cancer risk factors. A total of 1,798 women were diagnosed with breast cancer during follow-up, including 1,255 invasive cases. Overall the risk of invasive breast cancer was not associated with lifetime exposure to solvents [HR, 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88-1.24]. Parous women who worked with solvents before their first full-term birth had an increased risk of estrogen receptor-positive invasive breast cancer compared with women who never worked with solvents (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.03-1.86). A significantly elevated risk for estrogen receptor-positive invasive breast cancer was associated with solvent exposure among clinical laboratory technologists and technicians (HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.07-3.73). Occupational exposure to solvents before first birth, a critical period of breast tissue differentiation, may result in increased vulnerability for breast cancer. Our findings suggest a need for future studies in this area to focus on exposure time windows and solvent types in different occupational settings.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Profesionales/inducido químicamente , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Solventes/envenenamiento , Neoplasias de la Mama/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Mama/metabolismo , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/metabolismo , Exposición Profesional/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Prospectivos , Puerto Rico/epidemiología , Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismo , Factores de Riesgo , Autoinforme , Estados Unidos/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
A number of studies to better understand the complex physiological mechanism involved in regulating body weight have been conducted. More specifically, the hormones related to appetite, leptin and ghrelin, and their association to obesity have been a focus of investigation. Circadian patterns of these hormones are a new target of research. The behaviour of these hormones in individuals subject to atypical working times such as shiftwork remains unclear. Shiftwork is characterized by changes in biological rhythms and cumulative circadian phase changes, being associated with high rates of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Truck drivers, who work irregular shifts, frequently present a high prevalence of obesity, which might be associated with work-related factors and/or lifestyle. In this context, the aim of this paper was to discuss the relationship of body mass index, appetite-related hormones and sleep characteristics in truck drivers who work irregular shifts compared with day workers.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades Metabólicas/epidemiología , Obesidad/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Transportes , Tolerancia al Trabajo Programado/fisiología , Ritmo Circadiano , Metabolismo Energético , Ghrelina/metabolismo , Humanos , Leptina/metabolismo , Enfermedades Metabólicas/metabolismo , Vehículos a Motor , Obesidad/metabolismo , Enfermedades Profesionales/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the work shift and diabetic patients. METHODS: A cross-section study was performed in a cohort of 95 type 2 diabetic patients that work in the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the shift, day or night work. Patients underwent clinical and laboratory evaluations. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, gender, diabetes duration, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting glucose, A1c (1%), triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, serum creatinine and uric acid. A higher average of waist circumference was found in the group of night workers. CONCLUSION: Waist circumference was greater in the group of night workers; which may be indicative of insulin resistance in this group of patients. Our research indicates that the shift is not associated with a worsening of metabolic control in subjects or presence of diabetic nephropathy.
Asunto(s)
Glucemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Enfermedades Profesionales , Admisión y Programación de Personal , Tolerancia al Trabajo Programado/fisiología , Presión Sanguínea , Índice de Masa Corporal , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , LDL-Colesterol/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/psicología , Nefropatías Diabéticas/diagnóstico , Femenino , Prueba de Tolerancia a la Glucosa , Humanos , Resistencia a la Insulina/fisiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/metabolismo , Triglicéridos/sangre , Circunferencia de la CinturaRESUMEN
OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a relação entre trabalho em turnos e pacientes diabéticos tipo 2. MÉTODOS: Um estudo transversal foi realizado em uma coorte de 95 pacientes diabéticos que trabalham no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com o turno de trabalho noturno e diurno. Os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação clínica e laboratorial. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença significativa em relação à idade, sexo, duração do diabetes, índice de massa corporal, glicemia de jejum, teste A1c, triglicerídeos, colesterol total, LDL colesterol, HDL colesterol, creatinina sérica e ácido úrico. Maior média de circunferência abdominal foi encontrada no grupo de trabalhadores noturnos. CONCLUSÃO: A circunferência abdominal foi mais elevada no grupo de trabalhadores noturnos. Isto pode ser um indicativo de maior resistência insulínica neste grupo de pacientes. Nossa pesquisa indica que o trabalho em turnos não esta associado com piora no controle metabólico em indivíduos diabéticos, nem com a presença de nefropatia diabética.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the work shift and diabetic patients. METHODS: A cross-section study was performed in a cohort of 95 type 2 diabetic patients that work in the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the shift, day or night work. Patients underwent clinical and laboratory evaluations. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in age, gender, diabetes duration, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting glucose, A1c (1 percent), triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, serum creatinine and uric acid. A higher average of waist circumference was found in the group of night workers. CONCLUSION: Waist circumference was greater in the group of night workers; which may be indicative of insulin resistance in this group of patients. Our research indicates that the shift is not associated with a worsening of metabolic control in subjects or presence of diabetic nephropathy.