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BACKGROUND: Fishers are at risk of back disorders due to their physically demanding work. The aim was to investigate risk factors for back disorders in fishers in Denmark. METHODS: All male Danish registered fishers between 1994 and 2017 were included. ICD-10 codes classified back disorders (M40-M54* and DM99.1-4*). A multistate model on a cause-specific cox regression model was conducted. RESULTS: Of 13,165 fishers included, 16% had a hospital contact with an incident back disorder, and 52% at least had 1 recurrent episode. Having worked in another occupation (HR 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.27) and another musculoskeletal disorder (HR 1.84; 95% CI: 1.69, 2.01) were significant risk factors for the incident back disorder. No risk factors were seen for recurrent episodes. CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for incident and recurrent back disorders were different; thus, episode-specific initiatives are needed to reduce back disorders among fishers.
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Enfermedades Profesionales , Recurrencia , Sistema de Registros , Humanos , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Masculino , Factores de Riesgo , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Incidencia , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiología , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/etiología , Adulto Joven , Modelos de Riesgos ProporcionalesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the incidence of asthma and assess the association between job exposure matrix (N-JEM) assigned occupational exposure, self-reported occupational exposure to vapour, gas, dust and fumes (VGDF), mould, damages from moisture and cold, and new-onset asthma. We also aimed to assess the corresponding population attributable fraction (PAF) for ever exposure to VGDF. DESIGN: Longitudinal population-based respiratory health study. SETTING: Responders from the baseline Telemark Study in south-eastern Norway were followed up from 2013 to 2018. PARTICIPANTS: 7120 participants, aged 16-55, were followed during a 5-year period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: New-onset asthma and its association with self-reported occupational exposure to VGDF, data from the N-JEM and self-reported workplace conditions were assessed using logistic regression adjusted for gender, age, smoking and body mass index. The PAF was calculated using the PUNAF command in STATA. RESULTS: There were 266 (3.7%) cases of new-onset asthma and an incidence density of 7.5 cases per 1000 person-years. A statistically significant association was found for ever exposed to VGDF with an OR of 1.49 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.94), weekly OR 2.00 (95% CI 1.29 to 3.11) and daily OR 2.46 (95% CI 1.39 to 4.35) exposure to VGDF. The corresponding PAF for ever exposed to VGDF was 17% (95% CI 5.4% to 27.8%) and the risk of asthma onset increased with frequent VGDF exposure, indicating a possible exposure-response relationship (p=0.002 for trend). The N-JEM exposure group, accidental peak exposure to irritants had an increased risk of new-onset asthma, OR 2.43 (95% CI 1.21 to 4.90). A significant association was also found for self-reported exposure to visible damages due to moisture 1.51 (95% CI 1.08 to 2.11), visible and smell of mould 1.88 (95% CI 1.32 to 2.68), 1.55 (95% CI 1.12 to 2.16) and cold environment 1.41 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.86). CONCLUSION: Participants had elevated ORs for asthma associated with self-reported and N-JEM-assigned exposures. A PAF of 17% indicates that work-related asthma is still common. The possible exposure-response relationship suggests that reducing occupational VGDF exposure frequency could prevent the onset of asthma.
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Asma , Exposición Profesional , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Exposición Profesional/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Noruega/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Asma/epidemiología , Asma/etiología , Adolescente , Estudios de Seguimiento , Incidencia , Adulto Joven , Estudios Longitudinales , Autoinforme , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Modelos Logísticos , PolvoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: A growing body of research indicates a correlation between occupational exposure, particularly among individuals in driving-related occupations, and the incidence of low back pain (LBP). METHODS: Databases were systematically searched, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SinoMed, from their inception through December 2023 for relevant studies of the prevalence and risk factors of LBP among professional drivers. Subsequent meta-analyses were performed utilizing Stata 17.0 and RevMan 5.4 software, while risk factor indicators were assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation evidence quality grading system. RESULTS: A systematic review and meta-analysis comprising 19 studies involving 7,723 patients indicated that the incidence of LBP among drivers was 39% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20-0.57) in the past 7 days and 53% (95% CI 0.43-0.63) in the past 12 months. A subgroup analysis revealed a prevalence of 48% (95% CI 0.33-0.64) in 2005-2015 and 56% (95% CI 0.42-0.70) in 2016-2023. Among the identified factors, robust evidence highlighted age ≥ 41 years (odds ratio [OR] = 2.10; 95% CI 1.36-3.24; P = 0.0008), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.75; 95% CI 1.31-2.34; P = 0.0001), sleeping < 6 h/night (OR = 1.60; 95% CI 1.13-2.24; P = 0.007), uncomfortable seating (OR = 1.71; 95% CI 1.23-2.36; P = 0.001), improper driving posture (OR = 2.37; 95% CI 1.91-2.94; P < 0.00001), and manual handling (OR = 2.23; 95% CI 1.72-2.88; P < 0.00001) as significant risk factors for LBP. There was moderate evidence of a lack of exercise (OR = 1.78; 95% CI 1.37-2.31; P < 0.0001), working > 10 h/day (OR = 2.49; 95% CI 1.89-3.28; P < 0.00001), > 5 years' driving experience (OR = 2.12; 95% CI 1.66-2.69; P < 0.00001), a lack of back support (OR = 1.81; 95% CI 1.25-2.62; P = 0.002), high work-related pressure (OR = 2.04; 95% CI 1.59-2.61; P < 0.00001), and job dissatisfaction (OR = 1.57; 95% CI 1.23-2.01; P = 0.0003) as moderate risk factors. There was no evidence of body mass index or smoking as risk factors for LBP among professional drivers. CONCLUSION: The current evidence indicates an increasing annual trend in the prevalence of LBP among professional drivers. Factors including age ≥ 41 years, alcohol consumption, and sleeping < 6 h/night were among the 12 influential factors contributing to LBP in professional drivers. Enhancing awareness of these factors and formulating targeted preventive strategies may be beneficial.
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Conducción de Automóvil , Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Enfermedades Profesionales , Humanos , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/epidemiología , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Prevalencia , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Masculino , Adulto , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/efectos adversos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Incidencia , Femenino , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversosRESUMEN
Health personnel who played a key role in the fight against the pandemic stayed during it burdened with increased working time using a computer. We analyzed the impact of increased computer working time during the COVID-19 pandemic on the occurrence of the upper part of musculoskeletal diseases among health personnel. The study group consisted of 418 health personnel, divided according to the time they worked at the computer during the pandemic: up to 2 h a day, from 3 to 5 h a day, and more than 6 h a day. The ICF profile analyzed symptoms of dysfunction of structures of the upper part of the musculoskeletal system (head and cervical spine, shoulder girdle, elbow joint, wrist joint). Employees working more than 6 h daily had a higher risk of developing restrictions in tone of isolated muscles and muscle groups p < 0.001), range of motion of the shoulder girdle (p < 0.001), increased tension of paraspinal muscles (p < 0.001), weakened shoulder girdle muscle strength (p < 0.001), elbow joint pain (p = 0.016), wrist joint pain (p < 0.001), coordination disorders (p = 0.004), difficulties in arm and hand use (p < 0.001), lifting and carrying objects (p = 0.008) and paraesthesia (p < 0.001) compared to those working less than 2 h daily. Additionally, working for 3-5 h and above 6 h compared to health personnel working up to 2 h was associated with a greater risk of headaches and cervical spine pain (p < 0.001), shoulder girdle pain (p < 0.001), limited mobility in the wrist joint (p = 0.003), and tremors (p < 0.001), that working below 2 h. Prolonged computer working time among health personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic is significantly associated with an increased risk of dysfunction and pain in structures of the upper part of the musculoskeletal system. Effective preventive measures are necessary to improve the functioning of the musculoskeletal system during extended periods of computer use.
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COVID-19 , Personal de Salud , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiología , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/fisiopatología , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificación , Computadores , Pandemias , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Rango del Movimiento ArticularRESUMEN
Causation concepts for work-related musculoskeletal disorders vary among authors and academic disciplines. The major causation concepts are single-event and repetitive motion. The aim of this short communication is to share findings from a recent survey of United States employers conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics about work-related musculoskeletal cases, and, more specifically, about whether the employers regard the causes of their employees' musculoskeletal problems as being from a single exposure or from multiple exposures. Recommendations are offered for using terminology consistent with employer understandings.
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Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas , Enfermedades Profesionales , Humanos , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/epidemiología , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/etiología , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Autoimmune disorders are multifactorial but occupational exposures have long been implicated, including respirable crystalline silica (RCS). A modern epidemic of silicosis is emerging internationally, associated with dry processing of engineered stone with high (>90%) RCS content. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of clinical autoimmune disease and common autoantibodies in exposed workers. METHODS: Stone benchtop industry workers in Victoria, Australia were offered free screening for silicosis and related disorders. Symptoms or diagnoses of autoimmune disease were evaluated by questionnaire and blood tests taken for rheumatoid factor (RF), antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) and extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs). RESULTS: Among 1238 workers (93.3% male) screened from 2019 to 2021, 0.9% were confirmed with autoimmune disease. Among those without clinical disease, 24.6% had detectable ANAs (93.5% male), 4.6% detectable ENAs and 2.6% were positive for RF. Silicosis was diagnosed in 253 workers (24.3% of those with diagnostic information available). Of those with ANA readings, 54 (6.6%) had ANA titre >1:320. The likelihood of positive autoantibodies increased with age; smoking; higher exposure to RCS and silicosis diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The proportion of workers with detectable ANAs or ENAs was considerably higher than the 5%-9% expected in the general population. Some of the antibodies detected (eg, Scl-70, CENPB) have high sensitivity and specificity for systemic sclerosis. Long-term follow-up will be needed to estimate incidence. Rheumatologists should explore occupational history in new cases of autoimmune disease. Screening for autoimmune disease is indicated in workers exposed to RCS as these individuals need specialised management and may be entitled to compensation.
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Autoanticuerpos , Enfermedades Autoinmunes , Exposición Profesional , Dióxido de Silicio , Silicosis , Humanos , Silicosis/epidemiología , Silicosis/inmunología , Silicosis/sangre , Silicosis/etiología , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Adulto , Enfermedades Autoinmunes/epidemiología , Enfermedades Autoinmunes/inmunología , Autoanticuerpos/sangre , Dióxido de Silicio/efectos adversos , Victoria/epidemiología , Estudios de Cohortes , Anticuerpos Antinucleares/sangre , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/inmunología , Enfermedades Profesionales/sangre , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Prevalencia , Anciano , Factor Reumatoide/sangre , Factor Reumatoide/inmunologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Exposure to bioaerosols in salmon processing workers is associated with occupational asthma. IgE-mediated allergy and other disease mechanisms may be involved in airway inflammation and obstruction. Knowledge about disease burden, mechanisms, phenotypes and occupational exposure is limited. METHODS: Salmon processing workers referred to our occupational medicine clinic from 2019 to 2024 were included in a patient register. They were investigated in line with current guidelines for the management of occupational asthma, categorised according to diagnostic certainty and characterised with a focus on symptoms, work tasks and clinical findings. RESULTS: A total of 36 patients were included, among whom 27 had typical symptoms of work-related asthma, and 21 were diagnosed with occupational asthma. Among those with occupational asthma, all worked in the filleting or slaughtering area at the time of symptom onset. Median latency from the start of exposure to symptom onset was 4 years. 14 (67%) of the patients with occupational asthma were sensitised to salmon. Three patients were sensitised to salmon skin but not salmon meat. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational asthma among salmon processing workers displays a heterogeneous clinical picture. IgE-mediated inhalation allergy towards various parts of the salmon seems to represent an important pathophysiological mechanism. However, some have occupational asthma with negative allergy tests. A comprehensive workup strategy including early initiation of serial peak expiratory flow and skin prick tests with various parts of the salmon should be considered. Although the incidence remains unknown, the substantial number of cases presented warrant increased efforts to reduce harmful exposure in the salmon processing industry.
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Asma Ocupacional , Industria de Procesamiento de Alimentos , Exposición Profesional , Salmón , Humanos , Asma Ocupacional/etiología , Adulto , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Animales , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Inmunoglobulina E/sangre , Pruebas Cutáneas/métodos , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The aim was to examine exposure-response relations between occupational hand exposures and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and to compare the relation between surgery-treated and non-surgery-treated CTS. The secondary aim was to study sex-specific differences in exposure-response relations. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study of all persons born in Denmark (1945-1994). During follow-up (2010-2013), we identified first-time events of CTS. Occupational hand exposure estimates the year before each follow-up year were obtained by linking individual occupational codes with a job exposure matrix. We used multivariable logistic regression equivalent to discrete survival analysis based on sex and surgery. The excess fraction of cases was calculated. RESULTS: For both sexes, exposure-response relations were found for all occupational hand exposures. Among men, we found ORadj of 3.6 (95% CI 3.2 to 3.8) for hand-related force, 2.9 (95% CI 2.5 to 3.2) for repetitive hand movements, 3.8 (95% CI 2.7 to 5.2) for non-neutral hand posture and 2.5 (95% CI 2.2 to 2.7) for hand-arm vibration in the highest exposure groups. For combined exposure (hand load), ORadj was 3.5 (95% CI 3.1 to 4.0). Slightly higher ORsadj were generally found for surgery-treated CTS compared with non-surgery-treated CTS for both sexes. When comparing sex, somewhat higher ORsadj were found among men. The excess fraction was 42%. CONCLUSIONS: Occupational hand exposures carried a 3-5-fold increased risk of CTS with slightly higher risks for surgery-treated compared with non-surgery-treated CTS. Even though CTS occurs more frequently among women, somewhat higher exposure-response relations were found for men compared with women. In the general working population, a substantial fraction of first-time CTS could be related to occupational hand exposures.
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Síndrome del Túnel Carpiano , Mano , Enfermedades Profesionales , Exposición Profesional , Humanos , Síndrome del Túnel Carpiano/epidemiología , Síndrome del Túnel Carpiano/etiología , Dinamarca/epidemiología , Masculino , Femenino , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Exposición Profesional/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios de Cohortes , Factores Sexuales , Modelos Logísticos , Factores de Riesgo , Sistema de Registros , Vibración/efectos adversos , Trastornos de Traumas Acumulados/epidemiología , Trastornos de Traumas Acumulados/etiología , Postura , Síndrome por Vibración de la Mano y el Brazo/epidemiología , Síndrome por Vibración de la Mano y el Brazo/etiología , AncianoRESUMEN
Occupational infectious disease risks between men and women have often been attributed to the gendered distribution of the labour force, with limited comparative research on occupation-specific infectious disease risks. The objective of this study was to compare infectious disease risks within the same occupations by gender. A systematic review of peer-reviewed studies published between 2016 and 2021 was undertaken. To be included, studies were required to report infectious disease risks for men, women or non-binary people within the same occupation. The included studies were appraised for methodological quality. A post hoc power calculation was also conducted. 63 studies were included in the systematic review. Among high-quality studies with statistical power (9/63), there was evidence of a higher hepatitis risk for men than for women among patient-facing healthcare workers (HCWs) and a higher parasitic infection risk for men than for women among farmers (one study each). The rest of the high-quality studies (7/63) reported no difference between men and women, including for COVID-19 risk among patient-facing HCWs and physicians, hepatitis risk among swine workers, influenza risk among poultry workers, tuberculosis risk among livestock workers and toxoplasmosis risk among abattoir workers. The findings suggest that occupational infectious disease risks are similarly experienced for men and women within the same occupation with a few exceptions showing a higher risk for men. Future studies examining gender/sex differences in occupational infectious diseases need to ensure adequate sampling by gender.
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Enfermedades Transmisibles , Enfermedades Profesionales , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Enfermedades Transmisibles/epidemiología , Factores Sexuales , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , COVID-19/epidemiología , Ocupaciones/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Riesgo , Tuberculosis/epidemiología , Personal de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
Background: Crime scenes are possible scenario of accidents for operators, despite those risks the are no operative protocols in literature. However, COVID-19 pandemic has affected in a positive manner the management of infectious risk, encouraging use of Personal protective equipment (PPE). The aim of the study is to deepen and examine the occupational risk of all health professionals involved in the analysis of the crime scene and biological material collection to develop an operational protocol that explains in detail all the strategies applicable to reduce it. Materials and Methods: We conducted a review of the literature researching among the main databases, such as: PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE introducing as keywords: crime scene, medico-legal investigations, occupational risk, infections. Subsequently, we developed an operational protocol that is currently applied during the activity of the Institute of Forensic Medicine "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro. Conclusion: The crime scene can show numerous dangers for operators, due to the presence of syringes, contaminated biological material or sharps or access to areas with poor hygienic and sanitary conditions. This paper shows various strategies that may be implemented to reduce the risk. The aim of this work is to focus on the occupational risk for operators by proposing an operative protocol showing in detail how to manage a crime scene by reducing the infectious risk for operators until the transfer of the body and the collected evidence to the morgue and to the laboratory.
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COVID-19 , Equipo de Protección Personal , Humanos , COVID-19/prevención & control , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/transmisión , Crimen/prevención & control , Personal de Salud , Control de Infecciones/métodos , Enfermedades Profesionales/prevención & control , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Exposición Profesional/prevención & controlRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between lifetime occupational history and risk of buccal mucosa cancer (BMC). METHODS: We utilized a multi-centric, hospital-based case-control study across five centres of Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. Cases included men aged 20-75-years with histological confirmed primary cancer of the buccal mucosa. Visitor controls were frequency matched to cases for age (10 years interval) and current residential zone. Study participants were interviewed face-to-face. Logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95â¯% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Among ever employed males, we identified 1969 BMC cases and 2145 controls. We observed an increased risk of BMC in 'Craft and Related Trades Workers' (OR 1.37; 95â¯% CI 1.13-1.65), 'Plant and Machine Operators and Assemblers' (OR: 1.26; 95â¯% CI 1.01-1.56), and 'Elementary Occupations' (OR:1.33; 95â¯% CI 1.12-1.58). More specifically, the increased risk was observed for 'Metal, Machinery and Related Trades Workers', 'Handicraft and Printing Workers', 'Drivers and Mobile Plant Operators', and 'Laborers in Mining, Construction, Manufacturing and Transport'. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that certain occupations may be at a higher risk of BMC. Some fraction of BMC can be prevented by reducing exposure to hazardous agents used in these occupations. Further research is needed to identify which exposures are responsible for the increased risk. Moreover, tobacco control and early detection activities can be focused towards these occupations as tobacco consumption is also high in them, which may also be the reason for increased risk observed in these groups.
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Mucosa Bucal , Neoplasias de la Boca , Exposición Profesional , Ocupaciones , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Persona de Mediana Edad , India/epidemiología , Adulto , Neoplasias de la Boca/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Boca/etiología , Anciano , Ocupaciones/estadística & datos numéricos , Mucosa Bucal/patología , Factores de Riesgo , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Adulto Joven , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiologíaRESUMEN
Long-term practice and performance with a musical instrument predispose musicians to several skin conditions and nail disorders. We conducted a comprehensive literature search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for articles on nail alterations in musicians. Complications were divided into modifications of the nail surface and nail plate, soft-tissue abnormalities, and periungual tissue and distal pulp disorders. Health care professionals should be aware of these various modifications related to the use of musical instruments and provide preventive measures.
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Música , Enfermedades de la Uña , Humanos , Enfermedades de la Uña/etiología , Dermatólogos , Uñas , Enfermedades Profesionales/prevención & control , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiologíaRESUMEN
Pneumoconiosis is the most common occupational disease among coal miners, which is a lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of coal dust and retention in the lungs. The early stage of this disease is highly insidious, and pulmonary fibrosis may occur in the middle and late stages, leading to an increase in patient pain index and mortality rate. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatment methods. The pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis is complex and has many influencing factors. Although the characteristics of coal dust have been considered the main cause of different mechanisms of pneumoconiosis, the effects of coal dust composition, particle size and shape, and coal dust concentration on the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis have not been systematically elucidated. Meanwhile, considering the irreversibility of pneumoconiosis progression, early prediction for pneumoconiosis patients is particularly important. However, there is no early prediction standard for pneumoconiosis among coal miners. This review summarizes the relevant research on the pathogenesis and prediction of pneumoconiosis in coal miners in recent years. Firstly, the pathogenesis of coal worker pneumoconiosis and silicosis was discussed, and the impact of coal dust characteristics on pneumoconiosis was analyzed. Then, the early diagnostic methods for pneumoconiosis have been systematically introduced, with a focus on image collaborative computer-aided diagnosis analysis and biomarker detection. Finally, the challenge of early screening technology for miners with pneumoconiosis was proposed.
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Minas de Carbón , Polvo , Humanos , Neumoconiosis , Antracosis/epidemiología , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Biomarcadores , Carbón Mineral , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Pleural mesothelioma is a rare respiratory cancer, mainly caused by inhalation of asbestos fibres. Other inorganic fibres are also suggested risk factors. We aimed to investigate the association between exposure to asbestos or refractory ceramic fibres (RCFs) and pleural mesothelioma among male Norwegian offshore petroleum workers. METHODS: Among 25 347 men in the Norwegian Offshore Petroleum Workers (NOPW) cohort (1965-1998), 43 pleural mesothelioma cases were identified through the Cancer Registry of Norway (1999-2022). A case-cohort study was conducted with 2095 randomly drawn non-cases from the cohort. Asbestos and RCF exposures were assessed with expert-made job-exposure matrices (JEMs). Weighted Cox regression was used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs, adjusted for age at baseline and pre-offshore employment with likely asbestos exposure. RESULTS: An increased risk of pleural mesothelioma was indicated for the highest versus lowest tertile of average intensity of asbestos (HR=1.21, 95% CI: 0.57 to 2.54). Pre-offshore asbestos exposure (vs no such exposure) was associated with increased risk of pleural mesothelioma (HR=2.06, 95% CI: 1.11 to 3.81). For offshore workers with no pre-offshore asbestos exposure, an increased risk of pleural mesothelioma was found for the highest tertile of average intensity of asbestos (HR=4.13, 95% CI: 0.93 to 18), versus the lowest tertile. No associations were found between RCF and pleural mesothelioma. CONCLUSIONS: Associations between JEM-based offshore asbestos exposure and pleural mesothelioma were confirmed in the NOPW cohort. Pleural mesothelioma risk was also associated with asbestos exposure before work in the offshore petroleum industry.
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Amianto , Cerámica , Mesotelioma , Enfermedades Profesionales , Exposición Profesional , Petróleo , Neoplasias Pleurales , Humanos , Noruega/epidemiología , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Masculino , Amianto/efectos adversos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mesotelioma/epidemiología , Mesotelioma/etiología , Mesotelioma/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias Pleurales/epidemiología , Neoplasias Pleurales/etiología , Neoplasias Pleurales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Adulto , Anciano , Cerámica/efectos adversos , Petróleo/efectos adversos , Estudios de Cohortes , Mesotelioma Maligno/epidemiología , Mesotelioma Maligno/etiología , Factores de Riesgo , Industria del Petróleo y Gas , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/etiología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/inducido químicamente , Fibras Minerales/efectos adversos , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Modelos de Riesgos ProporcionalesRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Questions concerning under-reporting of occupational diseases (OD) linked to asbestos exposure are regularly voiced in France. Monitoring of the French multicenter Asbestos-Related Disease Cohort (ARDCO), which ensures post-occupational medical surveillance of subjects having been exposed to asbestos, provides information on (1) the medico-legal steps taken following screening by computed tomography (CT) for benign thoracic diseases, and (2) recognition of OD as a causal factor in malignant diseases. METHODS: OD recognition - and possible compensation - was analyzed in July 2021 among 13,289 volunteers in the cohort recruited between 2003 and 2005. RESULTS: Fifteen percent of the subjects in the cohort were found to have at least one recognized asbestos-related OD (78.2% benign pleural disease, 10.3% asbestosis, 14.2% lung cancer, and 6.0% mesothelioma). Only 58% of pleural plaques reported by the radiologist who performed the CT resulted in their recognition as ODs. On a parallel track, 88.7% of the mesotheliomas identified based on French National health insurance data and 46.9% of lung cancers were recognized as ODs. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the feasibility of a system designed to facilitate recognition, leading to possible compensation, of asbestos-related occupational diseases. The system could be improved by better training of the medical actors involved.
Asunto(s)
Amianto , Asbestosis , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Enfermedades Profesionales , Exposición Profesional , Indemnización para Trabajadores , Humanos , Francia/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Femenino , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Exposición Profesional/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Asbestosis/epidemiología , Asbestosis/diagnóstico , Estudios de Cohortes , Neoplasias Pulmonares/epidemiología , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/etiología , Indemnización para Trabajadores/estadística & datos numéricos , Amianto/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/estadística & datos numéricos , Mesotelioma/epidemiología , Mesotelioma/diagnóstico , Mesotelioma/etiologíaRESUMEN
This mixed-method study evaluated the efficacy of lift assist device use (Binder®, Eagle®, Maxi Air®) relative to manual lifting/care-as-usual in reducing low back muscle activity and perceived exertion during simulated patient extrication tasks. User feedback was recorded to identify factors that might influence use. Twenty paramedics performed a floor to stretcher lift, lateral transfer, and confined space extrication care-as-usual and with lift assist devices. Use of a lift assist reduced low back muscle activity during floor to stretcher and confined space tasks by 34-47%. Paramedics perceived exertion decreased from 'somewhat hard' to 'light' or 'very light' when using an assistive device. Paramedics noted that ease of use, patient comfort, task time, patient acuity, among other considerations would influence use decisions. Lift assist devices were efficacious at reducing low back muscle activity and perceived exertion during floor to stretcher and patient extrication tasks.
Asunto(s)
Dolor de la Región Lumbar , Movimiento y Levantamiento de Pacientes , Humanos , Movimiento y Levantamiento de Pacientes/instrumentación , Movimiento y Levantamiento de Pacientes/métodos , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Dolor de la Región Lumbar/prevención & control , Factores de Riesgo , Esfuerzo Físico/fisiología , Músculos de la Espalda/fisiología , Análisis y Desempeño de Tareas , Técnicos Medios en Salud , Dispositivos de Autoayuda , Electromiografía , Enfermedades Profesionales/prevención & control , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/prevención & control , Enfermedades Musculoesqueléticas/etiología , Ergonomía , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease study, the burden of cancer attributable to occupational risks between 1990 and 2019 was explored. METHODS: The estimated burden in different regions was compared in terms of the age-standardized death rates (ASDRs), age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates, and corresponding estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs). The comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate the risk of death and DALYs attributable to occupational risk factors. RESULTS: Globally from 1990 to 2019, ASDRs decreased (EAPC = -0.69; 95% CI: -0.76 to -0.61), and age-standardized DALY rates decreased (EAPC = -0.99; 95% CI: -1.05 to -0.94). In terms of the global age distribution of cancer attributable to occupational risk factors, the death rate and DALY rates increased with age. In addition, from 1990 to 2019, the number of deaths, DALYs, ASDRs, and age-standardized DALY rates in men were higher than those in women, and the cancer burden grew fastest in Georgia (EAPC = 5.04), Croatia (EAPC = 4.01), and Honduras (EAPC = 3.54). Moreover, as the sociodemographic index (SDI) value of a country or region increased, its burden of cancer attributable to occupational risk factors rapidly increased. CONCLUSIONS: The global cancer burden attributable to occupational risk factors declined from 1990 to 2019, was higher in men than in women, and was concentrated in middle-aged and older adults. The baseline cancer burdens of regions or countries increased as their SDI values increased and were especially high in high-SDI regions or countries.
Asunto(s)
Años de Vida Ajustados por Discapacidad , Carga Global de Enfermedades , Neoplasias , Enfermedades Profesionales , Humanos , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Neoplasias/mortalidad , Neoplasias/etiología , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Enfermedades Profesionales/etiología , Anciano , Factores de Riesgo , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Exposición Profesional/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud Global/estadística & datos numéricos , Medición de Riesgo , Adulto Joven , Distribución por EdadRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are disorders of the musculoskeletal system that have the highest prevalence among workers worldwide. Workers in gas stations usually work in poor ergonomic working conditions, including prolonged standing and repetitive posturing. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of WMSDs and fatigue and to identify the predictors of WMSDs among gas station workers. DESIGN: The present study was a cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: 2962 gas station workers from an oil and gas company in China, with ages ranging from 17 to 75 years old, 55.47% female. RESULTS: The prevalence of WMSDs within the 12 months prior to the study was 73.23%, with the highest prevalence in the neck, shoulders, ankles and feet. Furthermore, a correlation was observed between fatigue, stress and WMSDs. Fatigue and job role were the strongest predictors of WMSDs, with an OR range of 2.211-3.413. CONCLUSIONS: This research identified the detrimental impact of WMSDs and fatigue on gas station workers, indicating the critical need for interventions to reduce WMSDs and relieve fatigue.