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Background: Intestinal diverticulum is an abnormality resulting in the formation of a blind-ended saccular pouch that canbe acquired either congenital, true (involving all intestinal layers) or false (involving the mucosa and submucosa), withextraluminal and intraluminal type. In humans, the acquired is more frequent, the colon is the most affected segment followed by duodenum; and majority cases of duodenal diverticula remains asymptomatic, but biliary obstruction, recurrentacute pancreatitis, hemorrhagic ulcer, proximal intestinal obstruction and perforation may occur. The aim of this report isto present a case of a congenital disease in dogs, prone to misdiagnosis due to non-specific clinical signs.Case: An 8-month-old male Boxer was evaluated due to recurrent hyporexia, vomiting, melena and syncope over threemonths with signs of a possible intestinal obstruction. Physical examination showed no abnormalities except for palemucous membranes. Complete blood count revealed anemia and leukocytosis. Platelets and biochemical profiles werenormal. Abdominal ultrasound examination indicated a dilated duodenum, measuring approximately 3.36 cm in diameter,with heterogeneous fluid content and hyperechoic structures with acoustic shadow, peristalsis appeared decreased andnon-progressive. The gastrointestinal positive contrast study was performed to better evaluate abnormalities detected atultrasonography. Images after 30 min of contrast administration demonstrated a marked distension of the duodenum, filledwith contrast and a mildly filled stomach displaced to the left. Sixty min after contrast administration a marked distensionof the entire duodenum, with tortuous aspect and filled with contrast was seen. The caudal duodenal flexure was connectedto a large barium filled saccular structure that measured approximately 7 cm in diameter...

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Background: Intestinal diverticulum is an abnormality resulting in the formation of a blind-ended saccular pouch that canbe acquired either congenital, true (involving all intestinal layers) or false (involving the mucosa and submucosa), withextraluminal and intraluminal type. In humans, the acquired is more frequent, the colon is the most affected segment followed by duodenum; and majority cases of duodenal diverticula remains asymptomatic, but biliary obstruction, recurrentacute pancreatitis, hemorrhagic ulcer, proximal intestinal obstruction and perforation may occur. The aim of this report isto present a case of a congenital disease in dogs, prone to misdiagnosis due to non-specific clinical signs.Case: An 8-month-old male Boxer was evaluated due to recurrent hyporexia, vomiting, melena and syncope over threemonths with signs of a possible intestinal obstruction. Physical examination showed no abnormalities except for palemucous membranes. Complete blood count revealed anemia and leukocytosis. Platelets and biochemical profiles werenormal. Abdominal ultrasound examination indicated a dilated duodenum, measuring approximately 3.36 cm in diameter,with heterogeneous fluid content and hyperechoic structures with acoustic shadow, peristalsis appeared decreased andnon-progressive. The gastrointestinal positive contrast study was performed to better evaluate abnormalities detected atultrasonography. Images after 30 min of contrast administration demonstrated a marked distension of the duodenum, filledwith contrast and a mildly filled stomach displaced to the left. Sixty min after contrast administration a marked distensionof the entire duodenum, with tortuous aspect and filled with contrast was seen. The caudal duodenal flexure was connectedto a large barium filled saccular structure that measured approximately 7 cm in diameter...(AU)

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A duodenojejunite proximal (DJP) é caracterizada por acentuada inflamação nos segmentos proximais do intestino delgado, principalmente em duodeno e porção proximal de jejuno. A origem é considerada infecciosa, mas os agentes envolvidos ainda não são completamente esclarecidos. Foram revisados 17 casos de duodenojejunite proximal (DJP) atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Anhembi Morumbi, no período de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2012. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar a taxa de prevalência da doença, a sobrevivência dos animais acometidos e avaliar os parâmetros físicos encontrados nos animais sobreviventes. A quantidade do refluxo enterogástrico produzido nas primeiras 24 horas e o tempo que os animais se mantiveram com refluxo foram avaliados entre os animais sobreviventes e não sobreviventes. Não houve predisposição quanto à raça, idade ou sexo. Neste estudo retrospectivo, não foi possível associar o mau prognóstico à quantidade de refluxo produzido e os animais que não sobreviveram mantiveram refluxo enterogástrico por tempo prolongado (>72 horas).

The duodentis-proximal jejunitis proximal (DJP) is a condition that cause inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and damage in the proximal segments of the small intestine, mainly in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. Were reviewed 17 duodentis-proximal jejunitis proximal (DJP) attended at the Anhembi Morumbi Veterinary Hospital, from January 2005 to December 2011. The objective was to identify the prevalence rate of disease, the survival rate of disease in affected animals and evaluate the physical parameters found in the surviving horses. The enterogastric reflux amount produced in the first 24 hours and the period that the animals remained with reflux were evaluated between survivor's animals and no survivor's animals. No predisposition was found from age or gender. In this retrospective study, it was not possible to associate the bad prognosis to reflux count, The animals that not survived kept enterogastric reflux prolonged time (> 72 hours).

La duodeno-yeyunitis proximal (DPJ) es caracterizada por una acentuada inflamación en los segmentos proximales del intestino delgado, principalmente en el duodeno porción proximal del yeyuno. El origen es considerado infeccioso, pero los agentes envueltos todavía no han sido completamente esclarecidos, fueron revisados 17 casos de duodeno-yeyunitis proximal (DPJ) atendidos en el hospital veterinario Anhembi Morumbi, en el periodo de enero 2005 a diciembre de 2011. El objetivo del trabajo fue identificar la tasa de prevalencia de la enfermedad, la sobrevivencia de los animales afectados y evaluar los parámetros físicos encontrados en los animales sobrevivientes. La cantidad de reflujo entero-gástrico producido en las primeras 24 horas y el tiempo que los animales se mantuvieron con reflujo fueron evaluados entre los animales sobrevivientes y no sobrevivientes. No hubo predisposición por raza, edad o sexo en este estudio, no fue posible asociar un mal pronóstico en cuanto a la cantidad de reflujo producido, sim embargo los animales que no sobrevivieron mantuvieron un reflujo entero-gástrico por tiempo prolongado (> 72 horas).

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A duodenojejunite proximal (DJP) é caracterizada por acentuada inflamação nos segmentos proximais do intestino delgado, principalmente em duodeno e porção proximal de jejuno. A origem é considerada infecciosa, mas os agentes envolvidos ainda não são completamente esclarecidos. Foram revisados 17 casos de duodenojejunite proximal (DJP) atendidos no Hospital Veterinário Anhembi Morumbi, no período de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2012. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar a taxa de prevalência da doença, a sobrevivência dos animais acometidos e avaliar os parâmetros físicos encontrados nos animais sobreviventes. A quantidade do refluxo enterogástrico produzido nas primeiras 24 horas e o tempo que os animais se mantiveram com refluxo foram avaliados entre os animais sobreviventes e não sobreviventes. Não houve predisposição quanto à raça, idade ou sexo. Neste estudo retrospectivo, não foi possível associar o mau prognóstico à quantidade de refluxo produzido e os animais que não sobreviveram mantiveram refluxo enterogástrico por tempo prolongado (>72 horas).(AU)

The duodentis-proximal jejunitis proximal (DJP) is a condition that cause inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and damage in the proximal segments of the small intestine, mainly in the duodenum and proximal jejunum. Were reviewed 17 duodentis-proximal jejunitis proximal (DJP) attended at the Anhembi Morumbi Veterinary Hospital, from January 2005 to December 2011. The objective was to identify the prevalence rate of disease, the survival rate of disease in affected animals and evaluate the physical parameters found in the surviving horses. The enterogastric reflux amount produced in the first 24 hours and the period that the animals remained with reflux were evaluated between survivor's animals and no survivor's animals. No predisposition was found from age or gender. In this retrospective study, it was not possible to associate the bad prognosis to reflux count, The animals that not survived kept enterogastric reflux prolonged time (> 72 hours).(AU)

La duodeno-yeyunitis proximal (DPJ) es caracterizada por una acentuada inflamación en los segmentos proximales del intestino delgado, principalmente en el duodeno porción proximal del yeyuno. El origen es considerado infeccioso, pero los agentes envueltos todavía no han sido completamente esclarecidos, fueron revisados 17 casos de duodeno-yeyunitis proximal (DPJ) atendidos en el hospital veterinario Anhembi Morumbi, en el periodo de enero 2005 a diciembre de 2011. El objetivo del trabajo fue identificar la tasa de prevalencia de la enfermedad, la sobrevivencia de los animales afectados y evaluar los parámetros físicos encontrados en los animales sobrevivientes. La cantidad de reflujo entero-gástrico producido en las primeras 24 horas y el tiempo que los animales se mantuvieron con reflujo fueron evaluados entre los animales sobrevivientes y no sobrevivientes. No hubo predisposición por raza, edad o sexo en este estudio, no fue posible asociar un mal pronóstico en cuanto a la cantidad de reflujo producido, sim embargo los animales que no sobrevivieron mantuvieron un reflujo entero-gástrico por tiempo prolongado (> 72 horas).(AU)

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UNLABELLED: CLINICAL SUMMARY: A 7-month-old female Persian cat presented with gastrointestinal (GI) necrosis and perforation caused by Rhizomucor species. Unfortunately, the cat died of bacterial peritonitis and sepsis before a definitive diagnosis, based on histopathology and fungal culture, was achieved. PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: This appears to be the first reported case of GI disease caused by Rhizomucor species in a cat. Mucorales infections typically cause acute and rapidly progressive disease. As illustrated by this case, clinicians should be alert to the potentially fatal consequences of an opportunistic Rhizomucor species infection in their feline patients.

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This paper analyzes the effects of the infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii on the cat duodenal wall. Six cats (Felis catus) with 3-month-old were randomly divided into Control Group (G1; n = 3) and Infected Group (G2; n = 3). The animals from G2 received orarilly 200 T. gondii tissye cysts of ME49-strain (type II). After 40 days, the animals were submitted to euthanasia, laparotomy and had their duodenum removed, fixed in Bouin solution and submitted to histological routine obtaining 3 µm transverse cuts. The cuts were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE), Azan, Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian-Blue, and Mallory trichrome. Qualitative assessment of the intestine wall as well as comparative measurements with respect to the thickness of mucosa, muscle tunic, total wall, the height of the villous, the depth of the crypts, and the height of the enterocytes and their nuclei were carried out. Calciform cells, the intraepithelial lymphocytes, and the Paneth cells were quantified. The results showed that the infection led to the atrophy of the mucosa, muscle tunic, and the intestinal wall of the duodenum of G2 cats (p < 0.05). The enterocytes height presented significant (p < 0.05) increase for G2 animals. According to the qualitative analysis, the collagen fibers were visibly taken a broader area on the intestinal wall layers, what suggests they have increased in size. Decrease in the sulphomucins secretion and the increase of Paneth cells were observed for these animals (p < 0.05).

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os efeitos da infecção causada pelo Toxoplasma gondii sobre a parede do duodeno de gatos. Foram utilizados seis gatos (Felis catus), com cerca de três meses de vida, distribuídos aleatoriamente em Grupo controle (G1; n = 3) e Grupo infectado (G2; n = 3). Os animais do G2 receberam, por via oral, 200 cistos teciduais da cepa ME49 (tipo II) do T. gondii. Após 40 dias, os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia, laparotomia e retirada do duodeno, que foi fixado em solução de Bouin e submetido à rotina histológica para obtenção de cortes transversais de 3 µm. Os cortes foram corados com Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE), Azan, Ácido Periódico de Schiff (PAS), Alcian-Blue e Tricrômio de Mallory. Realizou-se uma avaliação qualitativa da parede intestinal e medidas comparativas entre os dois grupos, com relação: à espessura da túnica mucosa, túnica muscular, parede total, altura dos vilos, profundidade das criptas e altura dos enterócitos e seus núcleos. As células caliciformes, os linfócitos intraepiteliais e as células de Paneth foram quantificados. Os resultados mostraram que a infecção levou à atrofia da túnica mucosa, túnica muscular e parede intestinal do duodeno de gatos do G2 (p < 0,05). A altura dos enterócitos apresentou um aumento significativo (p < 0,05) nos animais do G2. Na avaliação qualitativa, as fibras colágenas ocupavam visivelmente uma maior área dos estratos da parede intestinal, o que sugere que estejam aumentadas. Observou-se a redução da secreção de sulfomucinas e o aumento das células de Paneth nesses mesmos animais (p < 0,05).

This paper analyzes the effects of the infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii on the cat duodenal wall. Six cats (Felis catus) with 3-month-old were randomly divided into Control Group (G1; n = 3) and Infected Group (G2; n = 3). The animals from G2 received orarilly 200 T. gondii tissye cysts of ME49-strain (type II). After 40 days, the animals were submitted to euthanasia, laparotomy and had their duodenum removed, fixed in Bouin solution and submitted to histological routine obtaining 3 µm transverse cuts. The cuts were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE), Azan, Periodic acid - Schiff (PAS), Alcian-Blue, and Mallory trichrome. Qualitative assessment of the intestine wall as well as comparative measurements with respect to the thickness of mucosa, muscle tunic, total wall, the height of the villous, the depth of the crypts, and the height of the enterocytes and their nuclei were carried out. Calciform cells, the intraepithelial lymphocytes, and the Paneth cells were quantified. The results showed that the infection led to the atrophy of the mucosa, muscle tunic, and the intestinal wall of the duodenum of G2 cats (p < 0.05). The enterocytes height presented significant (p < 0.05) increase for G2 animals. According to the qualitative analysis, the collagen fibers were visibly taken a broader area on the intestinal wall layers, what suggests they have increased in size. Decrease in the sulphomucins secretion and the increase of Paneth cells were observed for these animals (p < 0.05).

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Two stray dogs were found naturally infected with adult Alaria nasuae in Tamaulipas, Mexico. This is the first report of this species from a domestic dog, the first report of it from Mexico, and the first time the species has been recorded since its original description.

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