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OBJECTIVES: to assess the association between indicators of emotional distress and dispositional mindfulness in health students at a Brazilian federal public university. METHODS: a cross-sectional study, developed with university students in the health area of a public institution from May to June 2022. In the analysis, multiple linear regression was used using SPSS software. RESULTS: the sample was mostly female, ≤ 22 years old, non-white, studying the first semesters, with a higher prevalence for the medicine course. Students presented moderate dispositional mindfulness scores. It was observed that the variables of stress, depression and current suicide risk were associated with the capacity for mindfulness. CONCLUSIONS: knowing the indicators of emotional distress that are related to the potential of mindfulness can contribute as a situational diagnosis to better design strategies that promote the improvement of emotional indicators of health students.

Asunto(s)

Atención Plena , Distrés Psicológico , Estudiantes , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Masculino , Atención Plena/métodos , Brasil , Estudiantes/psicología , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Universidades/organización & administración , Universidades/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto Joven , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/etiología , Adulto , Adolescente

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INTRODUCTION: Traumatic memories (TM) are a core feature of stress-related disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Treatment is often difficult, and specific pharmacological interventions are lacking. We present a novel non-pharmacological intervention called motor interference therapy (MIT) as a promising alternative for these symptoms. AIMS: To determine the feasibility of MIT, a brief, audio-delivered, and non-pharmacological intervention that uses cognitive and motor tasks to treat TM. METHODS: We designed a randomized, double-blind trial. Twenty-eight participants from an outpatient clinic with at least one TM were included to receive either MIT or progressive muscle relaxation (PMR). Spanish versions of the PTSD symptom severity scale (EGS), visual analog scale for TM (TM-VAS), and quality of life (EQ-VAS) were applied prior to intervention, 1 week, and 1 month following intervention. RESULTS: Mean scores on all measures improved from baseline to posttest for both groups. MIT participants showed significantly more positive scores at 1 week and 1 month (TM-VAS baseline: 9.8 ± 0.4; immediate: 6.0 ± 2.0; 1 week: 3.8 ± 3.1 [d = 1.57]; 1 month 2.9 ± 2.8 [d = 1.93]) than PMR participants on measures of distress due to TM, trauma re-experiencing, anxiety, and a composite measure of PTSD. CONCLUSION: MIT is a simple, effective, and easy-to-use tool for treating TM and other stress-related symptoms. It requires relatively few resources and could be adapted to many contexts. The results provide proof-of-principle support for conducting future research with larger cohorts and controls to improve clinical effectiveness and research on brief interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03627078.

Asunto(s)

Estudios de Factibilidad , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Humanos , Masculino , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/terapia , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Calidad de Vida , Distrés Psicológico , Adulto Joven , Resultado del Tratamiento

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BACKGROUND: Studies evaluating the effects of natural disasters on cancer outcomes are scarce, especially among USA ethnic minority groups, and none have focused on the effects of concurrent natural disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of this secondary data analysis is to explore the impact of concurrent exposure to COVID-19 and earthquakes on psychological distress and symptom burden among Puerto Rican cancer survivors. METHODS: This secondary data analysis (n = 101) was part of a longitudinal case-control cohort study (n = 402) aimed at describing unmet psychological needs among Puerto Rican cancer patients and non-cancer subjects previously exposed to Hurricane María in 2017. The research team pooled data from participants (cancer survivors and non-cancer group) from their baseline assessments and from follow-up assessments conducted during January-July 2020 (earthquake and the lockdown period). A descriptive, paired t-test, non-parametric mean rank test, and two-sided Pearson correlation analyses were performed. RESULTS: Psychological distress and cancer symptom burden diminished over time. Resilience was significantly correlated with all the psychological and symptom burden variables during both pre- and post-earthquake and COVID-19 assessment periods. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the role of resilience, social support, and post-traumatic growth as potential protective factors preventing psychological distress and diminishing cancer symptom burden among cancer survivors exposed to natural disasters and the COVID-19 pandemic.

Asunto(s)

Ansiedad , COVID-19 , Supervivientes de Cáncer , Depresión , Hispánicos o Latinos , Desastres Naturales , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ansiedad/psicología , Supervivientes de Cáncer/psicología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , COVID-19/psicología , COVID-19/epidemiología , Tormentas Ciclónicas , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Terremotos , Hispánicos o Latinos/psicología , Estudios Longitudinales , Distrés Psicológico , Puerto Rico/epidemiología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Carga Sintomática

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Cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) relieves physical and psychological burdens in patients with some central nervous system diseases, while its utility in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of CBSM on neurologic recovery and psychosomatic health in AIS patients. Totally, 176 naive AIS patients were randomized into routine care (RC) group (n=88) and CBSM group (n=88) to receive a 3-month corresponding intervention. Modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores at the first month after discharge (M1) (P=0.008) and the third month after discharge (M3) (P=0.016) were lower in the CBSM group than in the RC group. The proportion of AIS patients with mRS score >2 at M3 was reduced in CBSM group vs RC group (P=0.045). Hospital anxiety depression scale (HADS)-anxiety score at M3 (P=0.016), HADS-depression score at M3 (P=0.005), and depression rate at M3 (P=0.021) were decreased in the CBSM group vs the RC group. EuroQol-5 dimension scores at M1 (P=0.024) and M3 (P=0.012) were decreased, while EuroQol-visual analogue scale score at M3 (P=0.026) was increased in the CBSM group vs the RC group. By subgroup analyses, CBSM had favorable outcomes in AIS patients with age ≤65 years. CBSM was beneficial to neurologic recovery and distress relief in AIS patients with an education level of middle school or above, and to health status in those with an education level of primary school or uneducated. In conclusion, CBSM benefitted neurologic recovery and psychosomatic health in AIS patients with minor neurological deficits, however, further studies should verify these results with a larger sample size and longer follow-up.

Asunto(s)

Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/psicología , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/rehabilitación , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/terapia , Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico/complicaciones , Anciano , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual/métodos , Estado de Salud , Estrés Psicológico/terapia , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/métodos , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/psicología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Recuperación de la Función , Distrés Psicológico , Calidad de Vida

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: This study examined the influence of early life circumstances, family characteristics, social ties and psychological distress in adulthood on adult's health-related behaviours. METHODS: A cohort study (Pro-Saúde Study) involving technical and administrative civil servants at university campuses in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil was conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data from 2155 adults were collected at baseline (1999) and after a 13-year period (2012-13). Family characteristics at 12 years of age were assessed retrospectively in 1999. Gender, marital status, living situation, social support, social networks of relatives and psychological distress were also measured in 1999. Data collection in 2012-13 included information about marital status, social networks of relatives, cigarette smoking, fruit and vegetable consumption and physical exercise. A conceptual model testing the relationships between variables was assessed through structural equation modelling. RESULTS: Female gender (ß = 0.043), better social networks of relatives in 1999 (ß = 0.053) and 2012-13 (ß = 0.069) and low psychological distress (ß = -0.048) directly predicted less smoking. Better social networks of relatives in 2012-13 was directly linked to higher consumption of fruits (ß = 0.045) and vegetables (ß = 0.051) and being physically active (ß = 0.070). Low psychological distress directly predicted higher fruit consumption (ß = -0.040). Family characteristics at 12 years-old, marital status and living with other people were linked indirectly with health behaviours through social networks, social support and psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS: Adults with better early life family and social circumstances, and those who were married reported positive health behaviours through indirect pathways. Stronger social ties and lower psychological distress represented the pathways by which early life circumstances and relationship status influenced positive health behaviours.

Asunto(s)

Composición Familiar , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Distrés Psicológico , Apoyo Social , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Brasil/epidemiología , Adulto , Estudios Longitudinales , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios de Cohortes , Adulto Joven , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Ejercicio Físico/psicología , Adolescente , Estado Civil

RESUMEN

There are few studies exploring intake diagnostic characteristics as predictors of change in integrative naturalistic settings. The aim of this study is to explore baseline variables at the intake process and establish the predictive value of the individual trajectories of the patients. We recruited 259 patients undergoing an integrative psychotherapy network of psychotherapists from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Every therapist completed the intake form of each patient involved in the routine outcome monitoring. Thereafter step-wise regressions based on forward selection strategies were used, in order to identify meaningful baseline predictors of patients' clinical evolution, derived from the intake process. The selected predictors were social support network, subjective distress, the initial measure of clinical distress, unemployment, sociocultural status and reactance. When including those six variables in a multilevel model, the results indicate that social support network, subjective distress, and the initial measure of clinical distress were significant predictors of the trajectories of OQ-30, whereas unemployment, sociocultural status and reactance were not significant. The results regarding social support network are in line with the literature, while results of socioeconomic status (unemployment and sociocultural level) move in an opposite direction in comparison to the available evidence. Moreover, the mental health findings (initial OQ-30 and subjective distress) confirm the contradictory body of literature produced in this domain. Finally, reactance seems to be a significant predictor in previous study in contradiction of our results. Overall, this endeavor constitutes important but preliminary evidence to enhance the production of bottom-up science within practice research networks in the global south.

Asunto(s)

Psicoterapia , Apoyo Social , Desempleo , Humanos , Argentina , Masculino , Femenino , Psicoterapia/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Desempleo/estadística & datos numéricos , Trastornos Mentales/terapia , Trastornos Mentales/epidemiología , Distrés Psicológico , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto Joven , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología

RESUMEN

This study sought to analyze an explanatory model on the relationship among sociodemographic factors, health-promoting lifestyle behaviors and psychological distress (depression, anxiety and stress) in college students. This is an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study conducted on a national sample of 4203 students who entered a macro university in Honduras in 2021, 2022 and 2023. We used a sociodemographic survey, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21). Univariate analysis and a multivariate structural equation model were conducted. The average HPLP-II score was 117.45 (±â€…23.41), and the average DASS-21 score was 20.06 (±â€…14.16). The multivariate model showed a good data fit (comparative fit index = 0.951; Tucker-Lewis index = 0.957; root mean square error of approximation = 0.067 [90% CI = 0.067-0.068]). Results indicate that being a woman (ß = 0.11; p < 0.001) and being enrolled in biological and health sciences (ß = 0.09; p < 0.001) significantly predict HPLP-II scores. Furthermore, being a woman (ß = 0.17; p < 0.001), age (ß = 0.10; p < 0.001) and having pre-existing medical conditions (ß = 0.16; p < 0.001) significantly explain part of the variance of DASS-21. A significant reverse relationship between health-promoting behavior and psychological distress was shown (r = -0.36; p < 0.001). This study identifies protective and risky sociodemographic factors linked to health-promoting lifestyle behaviors and psychological distress. Our findings have implications for developing comprehensive intervention policies and strategies to promote health in higher education settings.

Asunto(s)

Estilo de Vida Saludable , Estudiantes , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Transversales , Estudiantes/psicología , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Universidades , Adulto Joven , Honduras , Distrés Psicológico , Adulto , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Factores Sociodemográficos , Análisis de Clases Latentes , Adolescente , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estilo de Vida , Promoción de la Salud , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ansiedad/psicología

RESUMEN

The Big Five personality traits have shown associations with symptoms of depression and anxiety among college students, but it is unclear which factors mediate these relationships. Past research suggests that psychological distress is closely related to difficulties in affect regulation (e.g., low distress tolerance). Therefore, the present study examined the associations between personality traits and depression and anxiety via emotion regulation and distress tolerance. Participants were 694 (81.4% females; Mean age = 23.12 [SD 2.75]) Argentinian college students who completed an online survey examining mental health and personality variables. A sizeable percentage of students endorsed moderate to severe symptoms of depression (45.1%) or anxiety (25.9%). Utilizing path analyses, we found that appraisal, a dimension of distress tolerance, atemporally mediated the association between emotional stability and symptoms of depression/anxiety (i.e., higher levels of emotional stability → higher appraisal distress tolerance → fewer symptoms of depression/anxiety). Further, expressive suppression (a dimension of emotion regulation) significantly mediated the associations between personality traits (i.e., agreeableness and extraversion) and symptoms of depression (higher levels of agreeableness/extraversion → lower use of expressive suppression → fewer symptoms of depression). Taken together, the results suggest that higher levels of emotional stability, extraversion and agreeableness could protect students from the development of symptoms of depression/anxiety via lower maladaptive emotion regulation strategies and higher distress tolerance (particularly appraisal). These findings highlight the relevance of intervention strategies specifically tailored to improve distress tolerance and emotion regulation for those students undergoing mental health problems.

Asunto(s)

Ansiedad , Depresión , Regulación Emocional , Personalidad , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Depresión/psicología , Ansiedad/psicología , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Estudiantes/psicología , Distrés Psicológico , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adolescente , Estrés Psicológico/psicología

RESUMEN

Effective approaches to addressing mental health challenges faced by adolescents require a deep understanding of the factors contributing to optimal development, well-being, and prosperity. From the perspective of Positive Youth Development (PYD), this study proposes to examine the relationship between the 5Cs of PYD (Competence, Confidence, Connection, Character, and Caring) and symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and emotional distress among Chilean adolescents. A quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental study was conducted with 425 adolescents (ages 12 to 19, M = 14.95, SD = 1.81) from three Chilean cities: Arica (23%), Alto Hospicio (32%), and Iquique (46%). Data analysis included the use of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicate that two of the 5Cs, Confidence and Connection, have a significant negative direct effect on the four evaluated criterion indicators. These findings contribute to the literature on positive youth development in Latin America and underscore the importance of fostering confidence and connection in interventions aimed at promoting the mental health of adolescents in Chile and in similar contexts.

Asunto(s)

Ansiedad , Depresión , Distrés Psicológico , Estrés Psicológico , Humanos , Adolescente , Chile , Femenino , Masculino , Ansiedad/psicología , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Depresión/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Niño , Adulto Joven , Desarrollo del Adolescente

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To understand the practices of nurses working in Primary Health Care in caring for people in psychological distress. METHOD: Qualitative study conducted with 30 nurses working directly in Primary Health Care. Data were collected from January to March 2023 through semi-structured interviews, which were fully transcribed. The resulting material was organized in the IRaMuTeQ® software and subjected to the thematic content analysis, anchored in the precepts of Eric Cassell's Theory of the Nature of Human Suffering. RESULTS: Five categories emerged: 1. Causes of Psychological Distress (14.65%), 2. Needs of the person in psychological distress (31.3%), 3. Team case discussions (26.5%), 4. Care network for the person in psychological distress (15.99%) and 5. Care instruments (11.57%). FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The practices that nurses perform involve listening spaces to express feelings, case discussions within the team and matrixing and the understanding that psychological distress is the result of environmental, social, and family factors. However, they report a lack of training to assess individuals experiencing psychological distress and request the development of institutional protocols and training to support care.

Asunto(s)

Enfermería de Atención Primaria , Distrés Psicológico , Investigación Cualitativa , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Masculino , Atención Primaria de Salud , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estrés Psicológico

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is prevalent in low and middle-income countries, such as Haiti. However, there is little research on its association with mental health problems such as psychological distress and depression. Although there is evidence that men may experience IPV, few studies have investigated mental health difficulties among Haitian men and women. The present study aims to 1) assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms and psychological distress in this population and 2) examine the association between IPV, psychological distress, and depression while considering potential risk and protective factors. METHOD: A representative sample of 3,586 adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 24 living in Haiti was recruited. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the association between IPV, depressive symptoms, and psychological distress. RESULTS: Almost half of the sample reported depressive symptoms and psychological distress, with high rates among both genders. IPV was found to be an independent predictor of both depressive symptoms and psychological distress after accounting for risk and protective factors. LIMITATION: This study is the first step in understanding the interplay between IPV victimization, risk and protective factors, and psychological difficulties in this population. However, because of the cross-sectional design, causality should not be inferred. Furthermore, this study did not measure community violence, which could have affected participants' mental health. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of considering the occurrence of IPV victimization when evaluating depression and psychological distress among adolescents and young adults.

Asunto(s)

Depresión , Violencia de Pareja , Distrés Psicológico , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Haití/epidemiología , Violencia de Pareja/estadística & datos numéricos , Violencia de Pareja/psicología , Adulto Joven , Depresión/epidemiología , Depresión/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Adulto , Víctimas de Crimen/estadística & datos numéricos , Víctimas de Crimen/psicología

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the alcohol consumption among professional truck and bus drivers using direct ethanol biomarkers, and to explore its relationship with anxiety, depression, and stress. METHODS: The assessment of potential harmful drinking was conducted through the measurement of direct biomarkers: phosphatidylethanol (PEth), ethyl glucuronide (EtG), and ethyl sulfate (EtS), using dried blood spots (DBS). Additionally, self-reported data from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) were used. Emotional states, including depression, anxiety, and stress, were evaluated using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). RESULTS: A total of 97 drivers participated in the study, with the majority being male (96%) and identified as truck drivers (75.3%). Among them, 43.3% reported working more than 10 h daily. The majority of volunteers exhibited normal levels of stress (81.4%), anxiety (83%), and depression (86.6%). According to the AUDIT-C assessment, 30.9% were categorized as having a moderate risk, while 11.3% were deemed to be at high risk for harmful alcohol consumption behavior. Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) levels, indicating recent ethanol consumption, were detected in 14.4% of the drivers. In contrast, the long half-life metabolite PEth (16:0-18:1) was present in 88.7% of the volunteers. A moderate correlation (rs = 0.45, p < .01) was observed between PEth levels and AUDIT-C scores. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, utilizing a PEth threshold of ≥ 59.0 ng ml-1, displayed 78% sensitivity and 73% specificity in effectively distinguishing high risk for alcohol intake. Notably, no significant associations were found between alcohol consumption and levels of stress, depression, and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings indicate a noteworthy proportion of drivers engaging in regular alcohol consumption alongside a demanding workload. Notably, PEth measurements highlighted an underreporting within the AUDIT-C self-reports. These results lend robust support for the utilization of biomarkers in assessing alcohol consumption patterns among drivers.

Asunto(s)

Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas , Biomarcadores , Glucuronatos , Ésteres del Ácido Sulfúrico , Humanos , Masculino , Biomarcadores/sangre , Adulto , Femenino , Glucuronatos/sangre , Glucuronatos/análisis , Ésteres del Ácido Sulfúrico/sangre , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/sangre , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Conducción de Automóvil/psicología , Depresión/epidemiología , Glicerofosfolípidos/sangre , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Distrés Psicológico , Adulto Joven , Conducir bajo la Influencia/estadística & datos numéricos , Conducir bajo la Influencia/psicología , Etanol/sangre , Estrés Psicológico/sangre , Autoinforme

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between death distress, psychological adjustment, optimism, pessimism and perceived stress among nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: this study was designed as cross-sectional/cohort. The population of the study involved 408 nurses from Northern Cyprus, which are registered as full members of the Nurse Council. The sample comprised 214 nurses, who volunteered to participate in the study. The study data was collected using a web-based online survey (Demographic form, the Coronavirus Stress Measure, The Optimism and Pessimism Questionnaire, The Brief Adjustment Scale-6, The Death Distress Scale). RESULTS: the results indicated that perceived stress significantly and negatively predicted optimism (ß = -0.21, p < 0.001) and pessimism (ß = 0.38, p < 0.001). Perceived stress had significant and positive predictive effects on psychological adjustment (ß = 0.31, p < 0.001) and death distress (ß = 0.17, p < 0.01). Further analysis results revealed that pessimism mediates the association of stress with psychological adjustment and death distress; however, optimism only mediates the effect of stress on psychological adjustment among nurses. CONCLUSION: a low level of pessimism is effective in strengthening nurses' psychological adjustment skills againt perceived stress and death distress. Nurses should consider behavioral strategies to help reduce the level of pessimism during periods such as pandemics. BACKGROUND: (1) High levels of perceived stress increased higher score of psychological adjustment. (2) Pessimism mediates the association of stress with adjustment and death distress. (3) Optimism only mediates the effect of stress on psychological adjustment among nurses.

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COVID-19 , Optimismo , Pandemias , Pesimismo , Humanos , COVID-19/psicología , COVID-19/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Optimismo/psicología , Femenino , Adulto , Masculino , Pesimismo/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ajuste Emocional , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/psicología , Chipre , Actitud Frente a la Muerte , Adaptación Psicológica , Estudios de Cohortes , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Distrés Psicológico , SARS-CoV-2 , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

This is a theoretical study aimed at reflecting on the contribution of the concept of family myth to nursing care for children in psychological distress. It is methodologically structured around three topics: the importance of the family in caring for children; the perspective of family-centered nursing care for children in psychological distress; and the contribution of the understanding of family myth to nursing care for children in psychological distress. The following dialectic is considered: the family, considered by current literature to be a harmonious unit, also triggers family conflicts that can be the cause of psychological suffering. The concept of family myth emerges as a possible theoretical anchor for nursing care for children in psychological distress, as it allows nurses to consider the signifiers that mark the child's psychological structure and construct their symptoms. Uncovering the place that the family assigns to the child enables nurses to help them construct and elaborate their own place as a subject in their subjectivity.

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Distrés Psicológico , Humanos , Niño , Familia/psicología , Estrés Psicológico , Enfermería de la Familia , Enfermería Pediátrica

RESUMEN

Muscle Dysmorphia (MD) and its psychological impacts on women, especially within sexual minorities, are still relatively understudied. The objective of this study was to compare the relationship of MD symptoms and psychological distress between heterosexual women and lesbian/bisexual women. Our sample consisted of 479 Brazilian cisgender women from the community, aged between 18 and 70 years (M = 32.78; SD = 10.45). Among them, 327 (68.27 %) identified as heterosexual, 134 (27.98 %) as bisexual, and 18 (3.76 %) as lesbian. To ensure there was no bias due to measurement error, the psychometric properties of the instruments in the sample were tested, and invariance between the groups was assessed. t-tests, structural equation modeling, and latent profile analyses were conducted to comprehend the differences between the groups. The results indicated significant differences and a greater severity of MD symptoms and distress for lesbian/bisexual women. The implications of these results are discussed, emphasizing the need for further exploration of MD studies within sexual minorities.

Asunto(s)

Heterosexualidad , Homosexualidad Femenina , Distrés Psicológico , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Heterosexualidad/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven , Adolescente , Homosexualidad Femenina/psicología , Anciano , Minorías Sexuales y de Género/psicología , Trastorno Dismórfico Corporal/psicología , Brasil , Bisexualidad/psicología , Imagen Corporal/psicología , Psicometría/instrumentación , Encuestas y Cuestionarios

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: In Uruguay, productive animals are attacked by various predators, causing injuries and financial losses, leading to great concern for farmers. The objective of this study was to determine, using a cross-sectional study, if predator attacks on productive animals during the year 2021 influenced the psychological distress of farmers. METHODS: Four hundred and forty-two farmers from around the country were surveyed with questions according to the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (dependent variable), and predator attacks received in 2021 (independent variable). RESULTS: Of the total number of farmers surveyed, approximately 49% (216/442) had animals that had been attacked by predators. Farmers whose productive species were attacked in 2021 had higher levels of psychological distress than those whose animals were not attacked (p<0.01). Additionally, farmers who reported the highest levels of psychological distress had more deaths of productive species (and more financial losses) from predator attacks in 2021 than those who did not. CONCLUSION: The losses of productive species and the financial costs negatively influenced the psychological distress of farmers. This information highlights the need to generate public policies about farmers wellbeing that help them in these situations.

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Agricultores , Distrés Psicológico , Animales , Humanos , Agricultores/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Uruguay/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios

RESUMEN

INTRODUÇÃO: Observa-se nas últimas décadas a necessidade cada vez maior de repensarmos os modelos de atenção à saúde, bem como a criação de políticas públicas efetivas para parcelas significativas da população brasileira em condições de maior vulnerabilidade, visando assim melhoria de oferta de produtos e serviços que favoreçam melhora na qualidade de vida especialmente no âmbito da saúde. Tal demanda é reforçada principalmente quando atravessada pelo racismo estrutural que circunda o acesso à assistência em saúde da mulher negra. OBJETIVO: Desta forma, o presente estudo pretendeu compreender a vivência psicológica de mulheres gestantes frente ao atendimento que receberam durante o pré-natal, bem como conhecer possíveis fatores geradores de sofrimento psíquico. MÉTODO: Para tal, foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter qualitativo através de um questionário com questões semi abertas e um questionário sócio-demográfico. A amostra foi composta por seis mulheres. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Os dados foram compreendidos à luz da teoria psicanalítica associada a teóricos que abordam questões transversais em saúde.

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INTRODUCTION: In recent decades, there has been an increasing need to rethink healthcare models, as well as the creation of effective public policies for significant portions of the Brazilian population in conditions of greater vulnerability, thus aiming to improve the supply of products and services that promote improvements in quality of life, especially in the area of health. This demand is reinforced mainly when crossed by the structural racism that surrounds access to health care for black women. OBJECTIVE: In this way, the present study intended to understand the psychological experience of pregnant women in relation to the care they received during prenatal care, as well as to understand possible factors that generate psychological distress. METHOD: To this end, qualitative research was carried out using a questionnaire with semi-open questions and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The sample consisted of six women. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The data were understood in light of psychoanalytic theory associated with theorists who address cross-cutting health issues.

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INTRODUCCIÓN: En las últimas décadas, existe una creciente necesidad de repensar los modelos de atención de salud, así como la creación de políticas públicas efectivas para sectores importantes de la población brasileña en condiciones de mayor vulnerabilidad, con el objetivo de mejorar la oferta de productos y servicios. que promuevan mejoras en la calidad de vida, especialmente en el área de la salud. Esta demanda se ve reforzada principalmente cuando se cruza con el racismo estructural que rodea el acceso a la atención médica de las mujeres negras. OBJETIVO: De esta manera, el presente estudio pretendió comprender la experiencia psicológica de las mujeres embarazadas en relación con los cuidados que recibieron durante el control prenatal, así como comprender posibles factores que generan malestar psicológico. MÉTODO: Para ello se realizó una investigación cualitativa mediante un cuestionario con preguntas semiabiertas y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. La muestra estuvo compuesta por seis mujeres. Los datos fueron entendidos a la luz de la teoría psicoanalítica asociada a teóricos que abordan cuestiones transversales de salud.

Asunto(s)

Atención Prenatal , Violencia , Distrés Psicológico

RESUMEN

At least one in three women experience intimate partner violence (IPV) in their lifetime. The most commonly sustained IPV-related brain injuries include strangulation-related alterations in consciousness (S-AICs) and traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). Moreover, survivors of IPV-related S-AICs and/or TBIs often demonstrate psychological distress such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress. However, the co-occurrence of S-AICs and TBIs, and whether such TBIs may be moderate to severe, has not been systematically examined, and most data have been collected from women in North America. The purpose of this study was to examine the co-occurrence of IPV-related S-AICs and TBIs across a range of geographical locations and to determine the extent to which these S-AICs are related to psychological distress. Women who had experienced physical IPV (n = 213) were included in this secondary analysis of retrospectively collected data across four countries (Canada, the United States, Spain, and Colombia). The Brain Injury Severity Assessment (BISA) was used to assess IPV-related BI across all sites. Because various questionnaires were employed to assess levels of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder at each site, we created a standardized composite score by converting raw scores into Z-scores for analysis. Mann-Whitney U tests and chi-square tests were conducted to examine differences between women with and without experience of S-AICs and to discover if there was a relationship between the occurrence of S-AICs and TBIs. Analysis of variance and analysis of covariance (to control for the potential confounding effects of age, education, and non IPV-related TBI) were used to compare levels of psychological distress in women who had or had not experienced S-AICs. Approximately, 67% of women sustained at least one IPV-related BI (i.e., TBI and/or S-AIC). In a subsample of women who sustained at least one IPV-related BI, approximately 37% sustained both S-AICs and TBIs, 2% sustained only S-AICs (with no TBIs), and 61% sustained TBIs exclusively (with no S-AICs). Furthermore, women who had sustained S-AICs (with or without a TBI) were more likely to have experienced a moderate-to-severe BI than those who had not sustained an S-AIC (BISA severity subscale: U = 3939, p = 0.006). In addition, women who experienced S-AICs (with or without a TBI) reported higher levels of psychological distress compared with women who never experienced S-AICs, irrespective of whether they occurred once or multiple times. These data underscore the importance of assessing for S-AIC in women who have experienced IPV and when present, to also assess for TBIs and the presence of psychological distress. Unfortunately, there were methodological differences across sites precluding cross-site comparisons. Nonetheless, data were collected across four culturally and geographically diverse countries and, therefore, highlight IPV-related BIs as a global issue that needs to be aggressively studied with policies established and then implemented to address findings.

Asunto(s)

Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo , Violencia de Pareja , Distrés Psicológico , Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/psicología , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/complicaciones , Lesiones Traumáticas del Encéfalo/epidemiología , Violencia de Pareja/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Colombia/epidemiología , Canadá/epidemiología , España/epidemiología , Trastornos de la Conciencia/epidemiología , Trastornos de la Conciencia/etiología , Trastornos de la Conciencia/psicología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto Joven

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The loss of perceived dignity is an existential source of human suffering, described in patients with cancer and chronic diseases and hospitalized patients but rarely explored among patients with rheumatic diseases (RMDs). We recently observed that distress related to perceived dignity (DPD) was present in 26.9% of Mexican patients with different RMDs. The study aimed to investigate the factors associated with DPD. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed between February and September 2022. Consecutive patients with RMDs completed patient-reported outcomes (to assess mental health, disease activity/severity, disability, fatigue, quality of life [QoL], satisfaction with medical care, and family function) and had a rheumatic evaluation to assess disease activity status and comorbidity. Sociodemographic variables and disease-related and treatment-related variables were retrieved with standardized formats. DPD was defined based on the Patient Dignity Inventory score. Multivariate regression analysis was used. RESULTS: Four hundred patients were included and were representative of outpatients with RMDs, while 7.5% each were inpatients and patients from the emergency care unit. There were 107 patients (26.8%) with DPD. Past mental health-related comorbidity (Odds Ratio [OR]: 4.680 [95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.906-11.491]), the number of immunosuppressive drugs/patient (OR: 1.683 [95% CI: 1.015-2.791]), the physical health dimension score of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) (OR: 0.937 [95% CI: 0.907-0.967]), and the emotional health dimension score of the WHOQOL-BREF (OR: 0.895 [95% CI: 0.863-0.928]) were associated with DPD. CONCLUSIONS: DPD was present in a substantial proportion of patients with RMDs and was associated with mental health-related comorbidity, disease activity/severity-related variables, and the patient QoL.

Asunto(s)

Calidad de Vida , Enfermedades Reumáticas , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Enfermedades Reumáticas/psicología , Enfermedades Reumáticas/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Persona de Mediana Edad , México/epidemiología , Adulto , Personeidad , Anciano , Medición de Resultados Informados por el Paciente , Distrés Psicológico , Comorbilidad , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico/psicología

RESUMEN

Background: COVID-19 pandemic imposed drastic and abrupt changes to working environment and organization and that might have caused additional negative effects on mental health. Thus, this study aimed to quantify and assess the severity of psychological distress experienced by Brazilian essential and nonessential workers during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This descriptive study included 2,903 participants who answered an online questionnaire between April and May 2020. The research questionnaire was translated and culturally adapted to the Brazilian population from a questionnaire developed and validated for the Spanish population. Variables were analyzed using simple and cumulative percentage distributions and measures of central tendency and dispersion. The Wilson score interval was used to calculate confidence interval (CI) for the main outcome, psychological distress. Results: It was observed a high prevalence (72.6%) of psychological distress among the study's participants. They also presented a median risk perception score of 60 (out of a maximum of 90), and their greatest concern was transmitting the virus to family members, close contacts or patients. Furthermore, it was found a lower sense of coherence and work engagement among the participants than those observed in previous studies conducted in other countries. Conclusion: Almost three quarters of the study's participants were classified as presenting psychological distress. Thus, it is imperative to provide mental health remotely delivered interventions to workers during public health events that require prolonged social distancing measures.

Asunto(s)

COVID-19 , Distrés Psicológico , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Pandemias , Familia