RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Hemostasis control after percutaneous endovascular procedures through the femoral approach remains challenging for catheterization laboratory nurses, given method variability. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the available evidence on vascular devices efficacy dedicated to hemostasis control compared to the extrinsic compression after percutaneous procedures in the femoral vein or artery. METHODS: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials was conducted. We compared different hemostasis methods in adult patients who underwent diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures through femoral access. The databases searched were PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane CENTRAL, and updated on 03/2022. The outcomes included hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, bleeding, minor and major vascular complication, time to hemostasis, device failure, and manual compression repetition. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 1.0. Pooled effect sizes on continuous, categorical and proportion variables were estimated with the random effects model. The continuous variables were summarized as the difference between means weighted by the inverse of variance (WMD), and the categorical ones by the summary of relative risks (RR), estimated by the DerSimonian and Laird method. The Freeman-Tukey method was used to estimate the summary effect of proportions. RESULTS: Fifty articles were included in the systematic review. When compared to extrinsic compression, vascular closure devices resulted in a relative risk reduction (RRR) for hematoma: RR 0.82 [95%CI 0.72 to 0.94] and in shorter time to hemostasis WMD -15.06â¯min [95%CI -17.56 to -12.56]; no association was observed between interventions with vascular closure devices and extrinsic compression for pseudoaneurysm, bleeding, minor and major vascular complications. Compared to extrinsic compression, sealant or gel type devices were compatible with a RRR for hematoma: RR 0.73 [95%CI 0.59 to 0.90]; and metal clip or staple type devices for pseudoaneurysm: RR 0.48 [95%CI 0.25 to 0.90]; and major vascular complication: RR 0.33 [95%CI 0.17 to 0.64]. For each 100 observations, the device failure rate for metal clip or staple was 3.28% [95%CI 1.69 to 6.27]; for suture 6.84% [95%CI 4.93 to 9.41]; for collagen 3.15% [95%CI 2.24 to 4.41]; and for sealant or gel 7.22% [95% CI 5.49 to 9.45]. CONCLUSIONS: Vascular closure devices performed better in hemostasis control. The certainty of the evidence was rated as very low to moderate. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42019140794.
Asunto(s)
Aneurisma Falso , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Adulto , Humanos , Aneurisma Falso/etiología , Arteria Femoral/cirugía , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular/efectos adversos , Hemostasis , Hemorragia/etiología , Hemorragia/prevención & control , Hematoma/complicaciones , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To compare severe complications related to radial access and those related to femoral access using vascular closure devices for patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND: Femoral artery access is still used for acute myocardial infarction management; studies comparing state-of-the-art radial and femoral techniques are required to minimize bias regarding the outcomes associated with operator preferences. METHODS: We performed a randomized study comparing radial access with a compression device and anatomic landmark-guided femoral access with a hemostatic vascular closure device. The severe complication rates related to the access site were assessed until hospital discharge. A meta- analysis including studies with comparable populations reporting severe bleeding and major adverse cardiovascular event rates was performed. RESULTS: A total of 250 patients were included who underwent PCI between January 2016 and February 2019. Mean age was 61.5 ± 12.2 years, 73.2% were men, and 28.4% had diabetes. There were no differences between groups or in vascular access-related severe complication rates (8.0% for femoral group vs 5.6% for radial group; P=.45). Although radial access was associated with decreased vascular complications related to the access site when compared with the femoral approach (relative risk [RR], 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.95), the meta-analysis did not show an impact on severe bleeding (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.37-1.46) or severe cardiovascular adverse events (RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.30-1.58). CONCLUSIONS: Compliance with femoral artery puncture techniques and routine use of a vascular closure device promoted low severe complication rates.
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Intervención Coronaria Percutánea , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Anciano , Femenino , Arteria Femoral/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/instrumentación , Arteria Radial/cirugía , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Resumo Contexto O clampeamento aórtico e a oclusão da aorta com balão poderiam levar a lesões na parede aórtica. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as alterações da parede aórtica relacionadas ao método de interrupção de fluxo (cample ou balão) em diferentes técnicas disponíveis para cirurgia de aorta. Métodos Os experimentos foram realizados em 40 porcos fêmeas pesando de 25-30 kg, alocados para quatro grupos: S (n = 10), nenhuma intervenção (sham); C (n = 10), laparotomia mediana transperitoneal para acesso à aorta abdominal infrarrenal com tempo de clampeamento de 60 minutos; L (n = 10), cirurgia laparoscópica da aorta abdominal infrarrenal com tempo de clampeamento de 60 minutos; EV (n = 10), controle aórtico proximal com inserção de cateter-balão para oclusão aórtica por acesso femoral, inflado a fim de promover oclusão aórtica contínua por 60 minutos. Após a eutanásia, as aortas foram removidas e seccionadas para obtenção de espécimes histológicos destinados a análises morfométricas e por microscopia de luz. Os fragmentos longitudinais restantes foram estirados até a ruptura, e determinaram-se padrões mecânicos. Resultados Observou-se redução do limite de proporcionalidade da aorta abdominal, diminuição da rigidez e da carga de ruptura nos grupos submetidos a campleamento aórtico (C e L) em comparação ao grupo EV. Conclusões O campleamento aórtico durante cirurgia aberta ou laparoscópica pode afetar as propriedades mecânicas da aorta, ocasionando redução de resistência da parede aórtica sem desencadear alterações na estrutura histológica da parede aórtica.
Abstract Background Aortic cross-clamping and balloon occlusion of the aorta could lead to damage to the aorta wall. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate changes to the aorta wall related to the method used to interrupt flow (clamping or balloon) in the different techniques available for aortic surgery. Methods Experiments were performed on 40 female pigs, weighing 25-30kg, which were randomly allocated to 4 study groups: S (n=10), no intervention (sham group); C (n=10), midline transperitoneal laparotomy for infrarenal abdominal aortic access with 60 min of cross-clamping; L (n=10), laparoscopic infrarenal abdominal aortic surgery with 60 min of cross-clamping; EV (n=10), remote proximal aortic control with transfemoral arterial insertion of aortic occlusion balloon catheter, inflated to provide continued aortic occlusion for 60min. After euthanasia, the aortas were removed and cross-sectioned to obtain histological specimens for light microscopic and morphometric analyses. The remaining longitudinal segments were stretched to rupture and mechanical parameters were determined. Results We observed a reduction in the yield point of the abdominal aorta, decrease in stiffness and in failure load in the aortic cross-clamping groups (C and L) compared with the EV group. Conclusions Aortic cross-clamping during open or laparoscopic surgery can affect the mechanical properties of the aorta leading to decrease in resistance of the aorta wall, without structural changes in aorta wall histology.
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Animales , Femenino , Aorta Abdominal/lesiones , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardiovasculares/instrumentación , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Vasculares/efectos adversos , Estrés Mecánico , Porcinos , Resistencia a la Tracción , Estudios Prospectivos , Modelos Animales , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular/efectos adversosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The treatment of cryptogenic stroke patients with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is controversial. A critical review of these studies is presented. METHODS: A description of all trials comparing medical and endovascular treatment with closing devices is given. Additional pertinent studies are discussed to help construct a rational basis for treatment decisions. RESULTS: Initial negative trials evaluating PFO closure were followed by positive studies published in 2017 and 2018. All trials evaluated young patients (up to 60 years). Methodological problems are present in all trials including their open label construction. Most positive trials developed strategies to increase the percentage of patients with interatrial septal aneurysms or hypermobility and large right-to-left shunts. Even in these positive trials, large numbers of patients need to be treated to avoid one stroke. Atrial fibrillation occurred in 2-6% and other adverse effects related to the procedure and to the devices occurred in a substantial number of patients. Incomplete occlusion of the PFO is also frequent. Anticoagulant treatment has not been adequately studied as a therapeutic option. CONCLUSION: Young patients with cryptogenic strokes seem to benefit from endovascular closure of a PFO in the presence of a large right-to-left shunt or an associated atrial septum aneurysm. For most other patients, a highly-individualized decision must be made, taking into account the low risk of recurrence in patients with a cryptogenic stroke attributable to a PFO, the high numbers needed to treat and the risks related to the procedure.
Asunto(s)
Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Foramen Oval Permeable/cirugía , Accidente Cerebrovascular/prevención & control , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Aneurisma Cardíaco/prevención & control , Humanos , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Dispositivos de Cierre VascularRESUMEN
ABSTRACT The treatment of cryptogenic stroke patients with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is controversial. A critical review of these studies is presented. Methods A description of all trials comparing medical and endovascular treatment with closing devices is given. Additional pertinent studies are discussed to help construct a rational basis for treatment decisions. Results Initial negative trials evaluating PFO closure were followed by positive studies published in 2017 and 2018. All trials evaluated young patients (up to 60 years). Methodological problems are present in all trials including their open label construction. Most positive trials developed strategies to increase the percentage of patients with interatrial septal aneurysms or hypermobility and large right-to-left shunts. Even in these positive trials, large numbers of patients need to be treated to avoid one stroke. Atrial fibrillation occurred in 2-6% and other adverse effects related to the procedure and to the devices occurred in a substantial number of patients. Incomplete occlusion of the PFO is also frequent. Anticoagulant treatment has not been adequately studied as a therapeutic option. Conclusion Young patients with cryptogenic strokes seem to benefit from endovascular closure of a PFO in the presence of a large right-to-left shunt or an associated atrial septum aneurysm. For most other patients, a highly-individualized decision must be made, taking into account the low risk of recurrence in patients with a cryptogenic stroke attributable to a PFO, the high numbers needed to treat and the risks related to the procedure.
RESUMO O tratamento de pacientes com infarto cerebral criptogênico e forame oval patente (FOP) é controverso. Uma revisão crítica destes estudos é apresentada. Métodos São descritos em detalhes os estudos comparando tratamento médico com o uso de próteses de oclusão do FOP após infarto cerebral. Discutem-se outros estudos pertinentes para ajudar na tomada racional de decisões terapêuticas individualizadas. Resultados Estudos iniciais avaliando fechamento endovascular com próteses foram negativos, porém seguidos de outros estudos com resultados positivos em 2017 e 2018. Somente pacientes até 60 anos foram estudados. Os estudos apresentam vários problemas metodológicos, incluindo sua natureza aberta. A maioria dos estudos positivos desenvolveu estratégias para aumentar o percentual de pacientes com risco aumentado de recorrência, especificamente grandes shunts direita-esquerda e aneurismas/hipermobilidade do septo interatrial. Mesmo estes estudos positivos revelaram um alto NNT (número de pacientes tratados para evitar um evento de desfecho). Fibrilação atrial ocorreu em 2-6 % dos pacientes tratados. Outras complicações relacionadas ao procedimento e às endopróteses e ainda fechamento incompleto do FOP foram também frequentes. Anticoagulantes poderiam constituir estratégia alternativa de tratamento clínico, mas não foram adequadamente estudados. Conclusão Pacientes jovens com infartos criptogênicos parecem beneficiar-se de oclusão endovascular do FOP na presença de grandes shunts e principalmente aneurismas ou hipermobilidade de septo interatrial. Para a maioria dos outros pacientes, uma decisão altamente individualizada deve ser tomada, considerando o baixo risco de recorrência dos infartos atribuíveis ao FOP, o ato NNT e os riscos inerentes ao procedimento.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/prevención & control , Foramen Oval Permeable/cirugía , Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Factores de Riesgo , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Resultado del Tratamiento , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Aneurisma Cardíaco/prevención & controlRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: This single-center, retrospective analysis investigated the clinical outcomes of a novel vascular closure device (VASCADE, Cardiva Medical, Santa Clara, CA) for closure of 7F femoral venotomies. BACKGROUND: The VASCADE closure device has been widely used to close arteriotomy sites following femoral procedures; however, little data have been published regarding the device's utility in closure of venotomy sites after procedures such as right-heart catheterization. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of outcomes in 102 consecutive patients who underwent venous closure using the VASCADE device following diagnostic right and left-heart catheterization between April 2016 to May 2018. Patients' age, gender, valvular disease status, comorbidities, and periprocedural use of antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy were analyzed. RESULTS: Closure was successful in 99% (101/102) of patients with respect to achieving the primary outcome of rapid hemostasis in ≤3 min. There was one device failure requiring manual compression, with no further complications. There were no other related adverse events or complications through 30 days of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The VASCADE device achieved venous hemostasis in nearly all our patients. We believe devices for venous closure can aid in improving patient experience, safety, and efficiency during these procedures.
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Cateterismo Cardíaco , Cateterismo Periférico , Vena Femoral , Hemorragia/prevención & control , Hemostasis , Técnicas Hemostáticas/instrumentación , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Cateterismo Cardíaco/efectos adversos , Cateterismo Periférico/efectos adversos , Diseño de Equipo , Falla de Equipo , Femenino , Hemorragia/etiología , Técnicas Hemostáticas/efectos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Punciones , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Introducción. La hemorragia digestiva ocasiona el 2 % de las hospitalizaciones; se clasifica en alta o baja, y la primera se presenta en el 80 % de casos. Después de la estabilización hemodinámica, se determinan la causa y el tratamiento mediante la endoscopia; no obstante, esta falla en 10 a 20 % de los casos, y del 15 al 20 % requieren cirugía mayor, con una mortalidad de más del 40 %. El tratamiento para la hemorragia digestiva mediante la formación de émbolos de los vasos mesentéricos, es una conducta bien establecida, produce buenos resultados, evita la cirugía y disminuye la morbimortalidad. Objetivos. Determinar la indicación y el éxito del tratamiento endovascular para la hemorragia digestiva en nuestra institución. Materiales y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo, se incluyeron 10 pacientes que requirieron la urgente formación de émbolos por falla o imposibilidad del manejo endoscópico, y que presentaban gran riesgo quirúr-gico y anestésico con la técnica abierta. Se evaluaron la causa de la hemorragia, la arteria comprometida, los hallazgos angiográficos, la hemoglobina antes y después de la formación de los émbolos, la reincidencia de la hemorragia, las complicaciones, la necesidad de intervención quirúrgica, la eficacia del procedimiento y la mortalidad a 30 días. Resultados. Todos los pacientes se intervinieron por vía endovascular, para la oclusión selectiva de las arterias comprometidas. La hemorragia se controló en todos ellos. Se presentaron dos muertes tempranas (<30 días) no asociadas con el procedimiento. No hubo complicaciones secundarias a la formación de los émbolos o al acceso percutáneo y, tampoco, necesidad de cirugías mayores posteriores para controlar la hemorragia. Conclusión. Los métodos endovasculares para controlar la hemorragia digestiva son eficaces, no se acompañan de complicaciones, y disminuyen la morbimortalidad y la necesidad de cirugías mayores. Se requieren estudios con mayor número de pacientes para lograr un mayor grado de certeza
Introduction: Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common problem, which represents 2% of hospitalizations. It is classified as high or low depending on their origin; 80% of cases are high bleeders. After hemodynamic stabilization, endoscopy is very important to determine the cause and carry out treatment, which in some cases is unsuccessful or cannot be performed, and 15% -20% will require major surgery with a mortality rate of over 40%. Occlusion of mesenteric vessels, as a treatment for gastrointestinal bleeding is a well defined and successful therapeutic, avoiding major surgery and reducing morbidity and mortality, it is a procedure with very low incidence of complications and repeated bleeding. We studied: the cause of bleeding, the compromised artery, the angiographic findings, the pre and post embolization hemoglobin, re-bleeding complications, need for additional surgery after embolization effectiveness of the procedure to control bleeding, and mortality at 30 days.Objectives: To determine the indication and success of endovascular treatment for the management of gastroin-testinal bleeding in our institutionMaterials and methods: A retrospective and descriptive study.Results: Ten patients (5 females, 5 males) are included, with an average age of 59.8 years; in six cases the bleeding was due to proximal acid-peptic disease, two patients with diverticular disease performed, and two patients bleeding due to gastroduodenal neoplastic disease; all patients required urgent embolization in view of failure or inability to endoscopic management, associated with progressive anemia, active bleeding, schock and requi-rement of more than 3 packed red blood cells; associated with high surgical and anesthetic risk for open surgery. All patients underwent endovascular procedure with selective embolization and the bleeding stop with hemo-dynamic stabilization, two early deaths (<30days) were presented but not associated with the procedure; there were no complications secondary to embolization or percutaneous access, nor was need for further surgery after the procedure to control bleedingConclusion: In our experience the use of endovascular methods to control gastrointestinal bleeding is effective and uncomplicated; reducing morbidity and mortality and the need for major surgery. More studies are needed to determine the number of patients a higher level of evidence
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Humanos , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal , Enfermedades Vasculares , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Dispositivos de Cierre VascularRESUMEN
Pacientes infantojuvenis com câncer necessitam da rede venosa para a realização de diversos procedimentos, principalmente quimioterapia, sendo preciso optar por um acesso venoso seguro e de longa permanência. Este estudo aborda a utilização do cateter venoso central de inserção periférica. Apesar das vantagens deste cateter o seu uso pode estar relacionado à ocorrência de complicações, com destaque para as oclusões. O objetivo geral do estudo foi analisar a ocorrência de oclusões em cateteres venosos centrais de inserção periférica nos pacientes infantojuvenis em quimioterapia antineoplásica. Estudo de coorte retrospectiva, a partir de dados coletados em prontuários dos pacientes matriculados na oncologia pediatria no período entre 2013 e 2017 que atenderam aos seguintes critérios de inclusão: prontuários de pacientes de 0 a 19 anos, de ambos os sexos que realizaram tratamento quimioterápico no contexto ambulatorial, através do cateter venoso central de inserção periférica, com ou sem complicações do decorrer do tratamento. Foram critérios de exclusão: prontuários de pacientes com histórico de coagulopatia prévia; prontuários com informações incompletas ou ausentes; prontuários de pacientes que não tenham retirado o cateter venoso central de inserção periférica no momento da coleta de dados; prontuários de pacientes que realizaram o tratamento quimioterápico hospitalizados. O projeto de pesquisa foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa no dia 07 de março de 2018. Para coleta dos dados foi utilizado um formulário elaborado pela pesquisadora, com base na revisão de literatura, na Classificação Internacional do Câncer na Infância e nas recomendações da Infusion Nurses Society, contendo variáveis relacionadas aos dados sociodemográficos, clínicos e específicos sobre oclusão do cateter. As análises foram realizadas por meio dos testes Qui-quadrado, t student, Mann-Whitney e cálculo do odds ratio como medida de associação. Como resultados, o estudo apontou que 219 cateteres venosos centrais de inserção periférica foram inseridos em 156 pacientes, desses 214 (97,7%) foram a primeira opção de cateter. Os tumores sólidos foram mais frequentes (89,7%). A oclusão ocorreu em 64,4% desses cateteres, sendo seu principal motivo de retirada (28,8%). A oclusão apresenta associação estatisticamente significativa com o tempo de permanência do cateter, com o uso de ciclofosfamida, com o diagnóstico de neuroblastoma, metástase óssea e com o número de sessões de quimioterapia. Assim foi possível concluir que a oclusão é uma complicação de destaque e o cateter venoso central de inserção periférica pode ser usado para vários tipos de tumores, e é uma opção segura e eficaz para quimioterapia a longo prazo. A melhor compreensão dos fatores que aumentam o risco de oclusão e o perfil desses pacientes pode nortear a tomada de decisão do enfermeiro diante de intercorrências e orientar o cuidado na prevenção da oclusão.
Pediatric cancer patients need the venous network to perform various procedures, especially for chemotherapy, and it is necessary to choose a safe and long-term venous access. This study addresses the use of the Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter. Despite the advantages of this catheter, its use may be related to the occurrence of complications, especially occlusions. The aim of this study was to analyze the occurrence of occlusions in peripherally inserted central venous catheters in pediatric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Retrospective cohort study, data collected from medical records of patients enrolled in pediatric oncology between 2013-2017, that met the following inclusion and exclusion criteria: Inclusion criteria: medical records of pediatric patients who underwent chemotherapy treatment in the outpatient setting through the central venous catheter. peripheral insertion, with or without complications during the course of treatment; Exclusion criteria: medical records of patients with a history of previous coagulopathy; medical records with incomplete or missing information; who did not remove the peripherally inserted central venous catheter at the time of collection; medical records of patients who underwent hospitalized chemotherapy treatment. For data collection, a form prepared by the researcher based on the literature review, the international classification of childhood cancer and recommendations of the Infusion Nurses Society, containing variables related to socio- demographic, clinical and specific occlusion data, was used. The analyzes were performed using Chi-square, t student, Mann-Whitney and odds ratio calculations as an association measure. As a result, the study found that 219 peripherally inserted central venous catheters were inserted in 156 patients, of which 214 (97.7%) were the first catheter option. Solid tumors were more frequent (89.7%). Occlusion occurred in 64.4% of these catheters, being its main reason for withdrawal (28.8%). Occlusion is statistically significant associated with catheter length of stay, use of cyclosphamide, diagnosis of neuroblastoma, bone metastasis, and number of chemotherapy sessions. Thus it was concluded that occlusion is a major complication and the peripheral insertion central venous catheter can be used for various types of tumors, and is a safe and effective option for long-term chemotherapy. A better understanding of the factors that increase the risk of occlusion and the profile of these patients can guide nurses' decision making in the event of complications and guide care in preventing occlusion.
Los pacientes con cáncer pediátrico necesitan la red venosa para realizar diversos procedimientos, especialmente para la quimioterapia, y es necesario elegir un acceso venoso seguro y a largo plazo. Este estudio aborda el uso del catéter venoso central insertado periféricamente. A pesar de las ventajas de este catéter, su uso puede estar relacionado con la aparición de complicaciones, especialmente oclusiones. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la aparición de oclusiones en catéteres venosos centrales insertados periféricamente en pacientes pediátricos con cáncer que reciben quimioterapia. Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, datos recopilados de registros médicos de pacientes inscritos en oncología pediátrica entre 2013 y 2017 que cumplieron con los siguientes criterios de inclusión y exclusión: Criterios de inclusión: registros médicos de pacientes pediátricos que se sometieron a tratamiento de quimioterapia en pacientes ambulatorios a través del catéter venoso central. inserción periférica, con o sin complicaciones durante el curso del tratamiento; Criterios de exclusión: registros médicos de pacientes con antecedentes de coagulopatía previa; registros médicos con información incompleta o faltante; quién no retiró el catéter venoso central insertado periféricamente en el momento de la recolección; registros médicos de pacientes que se sometieron a tratamiento de quimioterapia hospitalizado. Para la recopilación de datos, se utilizó un formulario preparado por el investigador basado en la revisión de la literatura, la clasificación internacional del cáncer infantil y las recomendaciones de la Infusion Nurses Society, que contiene variables relacionadas con datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y de oclusión específica. Los análisis se realizaron utilizando Chi-cuadrado, t student, Mann-Whitney y cálculos de odds ratio como medida de asociación. Como resultado, el estudio encontró que se insertaron 219 catéteres venosos centrales insertados periféricamente en 156 pacientes, de los cuales 214 (97.7%) fueron la primera opción de catéter. Los tumores sólidos fueron más frecuentes (89,7%). La oclusión se produjo en el 64,4% de estos catéteres, siendo su principal motivo de retirada (28,8%). La oclusión es estadísticamente significativa asociada con la duración de la estancia del catéter, el uso de ciclofamida, el diagnóstico de neuroblastoma, metástasis óseas y el número de sesiones de quimioterapia. Por lo tanto, se concluyó que la oclusión es una complicación importante y que la inserción periférica del catéter venoso central puede usarse para varios tipos de tumores, y es una opción segura y efectiva para la quimioterapia a largo plazo. Una mejor comprensión de los factores que aumentan el riesgo de oclusión y el perfil de estos pacientes puede guiar la toma de decisiones de las enfermeras en caso de complicaciones y guiar la atención en la prevención de la oclusión.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Cateterismo Periférico , Catéteres Venosos Centrales , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Neoplasias/complicaciones , Antineoplásicos , Pacientes/psicología , Factores de Riesgo , Servicio de Oncología en Hospital/historia , Infecciones Relacionadas con Catéteres/complicaciones , Detección Precoz del Cáncer , Obstrucción del CatéterRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Vascular closure devices have been used to achieve hemostasis of percutaneous access sites following endovascular procedures, with reported decreased time for arterial control as well as decreased time to ambulation. We sought to determine rates and risk factors of postoperative bleeding complications and failures using these devices from a single institution experienced in the use of vascular closure devices. METHODS: All patients undergoing arterial endovascular procedures with percutaneous access between March 2010 and October 2015 at a single institution were identified and analyzed (n = 894). Patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair, open access, venous procedures, or upper extremity access were excluded. Comparison groups were formed between those using the Mynxgrip® (Mynx), Angio-Seal™, Perclose® vascular closure devices and manual pressure (MP). Patient demographics, intraoperative data, and postoperative complications were compared. RESULTS: A total of 615 (69%) patients received Mynx, 165 other vascular closure devices (VCD) ([14%] Perclose, 44 [4%] Angio-Seal), and 114 (13%) MP. MP patients were more likely to be diagnostic angiogram with smaller sheaths, while VCD patients were more likely to be interventions with larger sheaths. Univariate analysis identified age, atrial fibrillation, intervention (as opposed to diagnostic), and sheath size >5F associated with postoperative bleeding (P < 0.05), and in backward, logistic regression analysis, sheath size, age, and renal failure were independent predictors of the same. CONCLUSIONS: Use of vascular closure devices has a low rate of bleeding complication, device failure, and need for operative repair. Bleeding is associated with increased age, interventional procedure, and end-stage renal disease. Mynx, Perclose, and Angio-Seal have similar rates of complications. Use of these devices are a safe option for groin vessel closure.
Asunto(s)
Arterias/cirugía , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica/prevención & control , Cateterismo Periférico , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Técnicas Hemostáticas/instrumentación , Hemorragia Posoperatoria/prevención & control , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Angiografía , Arkansas , Arterias/diagnóstico por imagen , Cateterismo Periférico/efectos adversos , Comorbilidad , Procedimientos Endovasculares/efectos adversos , Diseño de Equipo , Falla de Equipo , Femenino , Técnicas Hemostáticas/efectos adversos , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Oportunidad Relativa , Hemorragia Posoperatoria/etiología , Punciones , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Fundamento: A técnica radial reduz a prevalência de complicações vasculares, sangramento grave e mortalidade quando cotejada à técnica femoral. Entretanto, esta ainda predomina como via de acesso preferencial para a efetivação de procedimentos coronários invasivos, requerendo a adoção de estratégias capazes de minimizar intercorrências. Objetivos: Comparar a sobrevida livre de eventos cardiovasculares adversos graves aos 12 meses de pacientes submetidos à estratégia intervencionista precoce pelo acesso radial ou femoral com dispositivo de oclusão vascular. Métodos: Estudo randomizado de não inferioridade envolvendo 240 pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda sem supradesnível do segmento ST. A função de sobrevivência livre de morte, infarto agudo do miocárdio ou acidente vascular encefálico foi estimada pelo modelo de Kaplan-Meier e comparada utilizando-se o teste de log rank. Resultados: A taxa de complicações vasculares no sítio de punção arterial aos 30 dias foi de 12,5% no grupo Angio-Seal e de 13,3% no grupo radial (p = 1,000). A incidência de sangramento grave ou transfusão sanguínea aos 12 meses também não diferiu entre os grupos (2,5% versus 1,7%, p = 1,000). Não se observou diferença quanto à curva de sobrevida livre de eventos cardiovasculares adversos graves (90,8% versus 94,2%, p = 0,328). Conclusões: Não houve distinção entre as técnicas na sobrevida livre de eventos cardiovasculares adversos graves aos 12 meses de seguimento. Ensaios clínicos com maior poder estatístico são necessários para a validação desses achados
Background: The radial approach reduces the prevalence of vascular complications, major bleeding and mortality when compared to the femoral approach. However, the last still prevails as the preferred approach for the performance of invasive coronary procedures, requiring the adoption of strategies to minimize complications. Objectives: To compare the survival free of major adverse cardiovascular events at 12 months in patients undergoing early intervention strategy by the radial or femoral access with vascular closure device. Methods: Randomized non inferiority trial involving 240 non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome patients. The survival free of death, myocardial infarction or stroke was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log rank test. Results: The 30-day rate of vascular complications in the arterial puncture site was 12.5% in the Angio-Seal group and 13.3% in the radial group (p = 1.000). The 12-month incidence of major bleeding or blood transfusion did not differ between groups (2.5% vs. 1.7%, p = 1.000). There was no difference in survival free of major adverse cardiovascular events (90.8% versus 94.2%, p = 0.328). Conclusions: There was no distinction between the techniques in survival free of major adverse cardiovascular events at 12 months of followup. Clinical trials with greater statistical power are needed to validate these findings
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Arteria Radial/cirugía , Arteria Femoral/cirugía , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/métodos , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/complicaciones , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/fisiopatología , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Isquemia Miocárdica/complicaciones , Hemorragia/complicaciones , HemostasisRESUMEN
Contexto: Os dispositivos de oclusão vascular (DOV) permitem rápida remoção da bainha introdutora de um acesso arterial, reduzindo o tempo de hemostasia, a restrição do paciente ao leito e as complicações no sítio de punção. Objetivos: Avaliar a eficácia e possíveis complicações do uso de dispositivo de oclusão arterial comparado com a compressão manual. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal prospectivo randomizado com 20 pacientes no período de dezembro de 2014 a julho de 2015 em Maringá (PR). Foram divididos em dois grupos: aqueles que utilizaram DOV (grupo DOV) e aqueles submetido apenas a compressão manual (grupo CM). Realizaram-se exames de ultrassom Doppler para avaliar a espessura pele-artéria pré e pós-procedimento e verificou-se o tempo de compressão e de deambulação. Os dados foram analisados pelo Programa Statistical Analysis Software. Resultados: Um total de 60% dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino e a média de idade de ambos os grupos foi de aproximadamente 60 anos. Não houve diferença na espessura pele-artéria entre os grupos. O tempo de compressão no grupo DOV foi de 2 minutos e no grupo CM foi de 21±2,11 minutos (p = 0,0005), e o tempo para retorno de movimentos no membro inferior puncionado foi de 2,35±0,75 horas no grupo DOV e de 6 horas no grupo CM (p = 0,0005). Não houve complicações. Conclusões: Neste estudo a hemostasia por compressão manual foi tão efetiva quanto o uso de DOV, embora o tempo de compressão e o tempo para retorno às atividades sejam menores nos pacientes submetidos ao uso do dispositivo
Background: Vascular closure devices (VCD) make it possible to rapidly remove the introducer sheath from an arterial access, thereby reducing the length of time in hemostasis, the time patients are restricted to their beds, and the number of puncture site complications. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and possible complications associated with use of an arterial occlusion device compared with manual compression. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, longitudinal study of 20 patients conducted from December 2014 to July 2015 in Maringá, PR, Brazil. They were divided into two groups: those who were treated using a VCD (VCD group) and those for whom only manual compression was used (MC group). Doppler ultrasound examination was used to determine skin-artery depth before and after the procedure and the length of time compression was maintained and the delay before mobilization were also recorded. Data were analyzed using the program Statistical Analysis Software. Results: A total of 60% of the patients were male and the mean age of both groups was approximately 60 years. There was no difference in skin-artery depth between the groups. The duration of compression in the VCD group was 2 minutes and in the MC group it was 21±2.11 minutes (p = 0.0005), while the delay before return to mobility of the lower limb that had been punctured was 2.35±0.75 hours in the VCD group and 6 hours in the MC group (p = 0.0005). There were no complications. Conclusions: In this study, hemostasis by manual compression exhibited equal efficacy to use of a VCD, but the duration of compression and delay before resumption of activity were shorter in the patients for whom the device was employed
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Ultrasonografía Doppler/métodos , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular/efectos adversos , Vasos Sanguíneos , Arteria Femoral/cirugía , Hemostasis , Extremidad Inferior , Estudios Prospectivos , Interpretación Estadística de Datos , Dispositivos de Acceso VascularRESUMEN
As fístulas aorto-cava são entidades raras e de etiologia variada, estando frequentemente associadas a significativa morbimortalidade. Acredita-se que o aumento da tensão da parede nos grandes aneurismas resulte em reação inflamatória e aderência à veia adjacente, culminando na erosão das camadas aderidas e na formação da fístula. O tratamento cirúrgico convencional tem altas taxas de mortalidade. Embolia pulmonar paradoxal e o vazamento são complicações temidas do tratamento endovascular. O uso de oclusor vascular associado a endoprótese bifurcada é boa opção no tratamento do aneurisma de aorta abdominal com fístula aorto-cava
Aortocaval fistulae are rare entities with a variety of etiologies and are very often associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is believed that increased tension in the walls of large aneurysms can cause an inflammatory reaction resulting in adhesion to the adjacent vein and culminating in erosion of the adherent layers and fistula formation. Conventional surgical treatment has high mortality rates. Paradoxical pulmonary embolism and endoleaks are the most concerning complications linked with endovascular treatment. Using a vascular occluder in combination with a bifurcated endograft is a good option for the treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm with aortocaval fistula
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/complicaciones , Aneurisma de la Aorta Abdominal/diagnóstico , Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Fístula/complicaciones , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Prótesis e Implantes , Trombosis/diagnóstico , Trombosis/terapia , Ecocardiografía/métodos , Ultrasonografía Doppler/métodos , Extremidad Inferior , Arteria Femoral , CatéteresRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To compare the radial versus femoral approach using Angio-Seal for the incidence of access site complications among non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing invasive strategy. BACKGROUND: Arterial access is a major site of complications after invasive coronary procedures. Vascular closure devices provide more comfort to patients decreasing time to hemostasis and need for bed rest. However, the inconsistency of data proving their safety limits their routine adoption as a strategy to prevent vascular complications. METHODS: Single-center non-inferiority trial where 240 patients were randomized to radial or femoral access using Angio-Seal. The primary objective was the occurrence of complications at the arterial puncture site until 30 days after the procedure. RESULTS: There were no baseline clinical differences between groups, except for a greater prevalence of female patients in the radial group (33.3 vs. 20.0%, P = 0.020). Hemostasis was achieved in the entire radial group with the use of TR Band and in 95% of the procedures in the femoral group with Angio-Seal (P = 0.029). Except for a higher incidence of asymptomatic arterial occlusion in the radial group, there were no differences among the other analyzed outcomes. According to the noninferiority test, the use of Angio-Seal was noninferior to the radial approach, considering the margin of 15% (12.5 vs. 13.3%, difference -0.83%, 95% CI -9.31 - 7.65, P for noninferiority <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Angio-Seal seems noninferior in the incidence of access site complications at 30 days when compared with the radial approach. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Asunto(s)
Síndrome Coronario Agudo/terapia , Cateterismo Cardíaco/métodos , Arteria Femoral , Hemorragia/prevención & control , Técnicas Hemostáticas/instrumentación , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/terapia , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/métodos , Arteria Radial , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/diagnóstico , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Brasil , Cateterismo Cardíaco/efectos adversos , Diseño de Equipo , Femenino , Hemorragia/sangre , Hemorragia/etiología , Hemostasis , Técnicas Hemostáticas/efectos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio sin Elevación del ST/diagnóstico , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea/efectos adversos , Punciones , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Introdução: O conhecimento dos fatores de risco relacionados às complicações do acesso vascular em pacientes submetidos à estratégia invasiva precoce permite adotar estratégias capazes de minimizá-las. Métodos: Realizamos subanálise do estudo ARISE, com o objetivo de identificar preditores de complicações vasculares em pacientes randomizados para as técnicas radial ou femoral com emprego de dispositivo de oclusão vascular (DOV). Resultados: Foram incluídos 240 pacientes, com média de idade de 63,0 ± 10,7 anos, sendo 30,8% diabéticos e, exceto pela maior prevalência de mulheres no grupo radial, não foram observadas diferenças clínicas entre os grupos. Intervenção coronária percutânea foi realizada em 86,7% dos casos. A taxa de complicações vasculares aos 30 dias foi de 13,3% no grupo radial, à custa de hematomas > 5 cm (6,7%) e oclusão arterial assintomática (5,8%), e de 12,5% no grupo femoral, à custa de hematomas > 5 cm, sem diferença significativa. Foram identificados como fatores de risco para complicações do acesso vascular o índice de massa corporal (IMC), o acidente vascular encefálico prévio, a maior duração do procedimento e o insucesso do DOV. Pela análise estratificada, o sexo feminino e o escore CRUSADE de alto ou muito alto risco foram variáveis preditoras de complicações apenas para o grupo femoral. No modelo multivariado, os fatores que permaneceram significantes foram o IMC e o insucesso do DOV. Conclusões: As técnicas radial e femoral, com o emprego de DOV, compartilharam variáveis preditoras de complicações. Fatores de risco, como sexo feminino e escore CRUSADE de alto risco, foram atenuados pela utilização da técnica radial
Background: The knowledge of risk factors related to vascular access complications in patients undergoing early invasive strategy allows the adoption of methods to minimize them. Methods: We performed a subanalysis of the ARISE study, aiming to identify predictors of vascular complications in patients randomized to the radial or femoral techniques with the use of vascular closure device (VCD). Results: A total of 240 patients with a mean age of 63.0 ± 10.7 years were included, with 30.8% of diabetics. Except for a higher prevalence of women in the radial group, there were no clinical differences between the groups. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 86.7% of the cases. The rate of vascular complications after 30 days was 13.3% in the radial group, due to hematoma > 5 cm (6.7%) and asymptomatic artery occlusion (5.8%), and 12.5% in femoral group, due to hematoma > 5 cm, without significant difference. The following were identified as risk factors for vascular access complications: body mass index (BMI), previous stroke, longer duration of the procedure, and VCD failure. At the stratified analysis, female gender and high or very high-risk CRUSADE score were predictors of complications only for the femoral group. In the multivariate model, the factors that remained significant were BMI and VCD failure. Conclusions: The radial and femoral techniques, with the use of VCD, shared variables that were predictors of complications. Risk factors, such as female gender and high-risk CRUSADE score, were attenuated by the use of the radial technique
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pacientes , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Factores de Riesgo , Arteria Radial , Arteria Femoral , Dispositivos de Acceso Vascular/efectos adversos , Índice de Masa Corporal , Factores Sexuales , Análisis Multivariante , Angioplastia/métodos , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/complicaciones , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/diagnóstico , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular/efectos adversos , HemorragiaRESUMEN
AIMS: To demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the novel InSeal VCD for the closure of large puncture holes following percutaneous structural interventions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Prospective, non-randomised, single-arm, single-centre study with a series of patients submitted to endovascular treatment of abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysm as well as transcatheter aortic valve implantation in whom the InSeal VCD was used to close the access site. These patients were followed up for one year with clinical examination, ankle-brachial index and Doppler ultrasound. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major vascular complications at the puncture site. From a total of nine patients screened, seven were selected to receive the InSeal VCD. Technical and therapeutic successes were achieved in all cases. The sheath profiles used in these procedures ranged from 18 Fr to 25 Fr. No major vascular complications were observed during the follow-up period. Average ankle-brachial index pre-intervention and at one-month follow-up were 0.85 and 0.82, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The InSeal VCD was shown to be effective in achieving acute and chronic haemostasis after usage of higher profile endovascular devices in this study. These results translated into no clinical complications up to one-year clinical follow-up.
Asunto(s)
Procedimientos Endovasculares/métodos , Punciones/métodos , Dispositivos de Cierre Vascular , Técnicas de Cierre de Heridas/instrumentación , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Aneurisma de la Aorta/cirugía , Válvula Aórtica/cirugía , Enfermedad de la Válvula Aórtica Bicúspide , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios de Factibilidad , Femenino , Cardiopatías Congénitas/cirugía , Enfermedades de las Válvulas Cardíacas/cirugía , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Reemplazo de la Válvula Aórtica Transcatéter/métodosRESUMEN
A via de acesso arterial é um importante sítio de complicações após a realização de procedimentos coronários invasivos. Dentre as estratégias para a redução de complicações vasculares, encontra-se estabelecida a eficácia da técnica radial. Os dispositivos de oclusão vascular propiciam maior conforto ao paciente, reduzindo o tempo de hemostasia e repouso no leito. Entretanto, a inconsistência de dados comprovando sua segurança limita sua adoção rotineira como estratégia para redução de complicações vasculares, requerendo evidências de estudos randomizados com metodologia adequada. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a incidência de complicações no sítio de punção arterial entre a técnica radial e a técnica femoral com utilização de Angio-Seal em pacientes com síndrome coronariana aguda sem supradesnível do segmento ST submetidos à estratégia invasiva precoce. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico unicêntrico, de não inferioridade, no qual duzentos e quarenta pacientes foram randomizados para a técnica radial ou técnica femoral com utilização de Angio-Seal. O objetivo primário foi a ocorrência de complicações no sítio de punção arterial até 30 dias após o procedimento, incluindo sangramento grave, hematoma >= 5 cm, hematoma retroperitoneal, síndrome compartimental, pseudoaneurisma, fístula arteriovenosa, infecção, isquemia de membro, oclusão arterial, lesão de nervo adjacente ou necessidade de reparo vascular cirúrgico. Em relação às características demográficas e clínicas, houve diferença apenas quanto ao gênero, com presença maior de pacientes do sexo feminino no grupo radial (33,3% versus 20,0%, p=0,020)...