RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Right ventricular systolic dysfunction is associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality rates. Our objective was to investigate ECG changes in patients with this condition, focusing on the right-sided precordial leads. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with right ventricular dysfunction were included from April 2020 to April 2021. Cardiac structure and function were assessed using 2D transthoracic echocardiography. Standard 12-lead electrocardiograms and right-sided precordial ECGs (V3R-V4R) were obtained and analyzed for QRS complex configuration, ST-segment elevation, and T-wave morphology. RESULTS: In our study, the majority were male (70.0%) with a mean age of 58.76 years. The most common initial diagnoses were pulmonary thromboembolism (43.3%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (26.7%), and pulmonary hypertension (25.0%). The predominant ECG finding in the right-sided precordial leads (V3R, V4R) was a deep negative T wave (90.0%). Patients with severe right ventricular systolic dysfunction often exhibited a qR pattern (41.2%), whereas those with nonsevere dysfunction showed rS and QS patterns (55.8%). Approximately 41.0% of severe RV dysfunction cases had ST segment depression in the right-sided precordial leads, and 28.0% of patients displayed signs of right atrial abnormality. CONCLUSION: The study found that qR, rS, and QS patterns were more prevalent in V3R and V4R leads among patients with severe and nonsevere right ventricular systolic dysfunction. The most common ECG feature observed was deep T-wave inversion in these leads. The study recommends using right-sided precordial leads in all patients with RV systolic dysfunction for early detection and risk stratification.

Asunto(s)

Electrocardiografía , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha , Humanos , Estudios Transversales , Masculino , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Electrocardiografía/métodos , Anciano , Ecocardiografía/métodos

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic sex-related differences concerning the spectrum of cardiovascular complications have been observed in the acute infection, and during recovery. This study aims to emphasize sex-related disparities regarding left ventricular systolic function (LVSF), right ventricular function (RVF), diastolic dysfunction (DD), and pericardial pathologies during the post-COVID-19 syndrome. METHODS: 274 patients with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, 127 men and 147 women, aged under 55, were evaluated within 90 days after the acute illness and followed at 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: Based on detailed transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), we identified significantly more frequently (p˂0.001) altered LVSF in men, while in women impaired RVF, and DD were significantly more common (p˂0.001). Pericardial impairment did not seem to be influenced by gender. The TTE parameters characterizing these patterns were correlated with the severity of the initial infection and the time elapsed since and alleviated in time. The multivariate regression analysis confirmed these sex-related associations and their impact on patients' functional status. CONCLUSIONS: Male patients had a higher tendency to develop altered LVSF, while female subjects had more frequently impaired RVF and DD. These abnormalities alleviated in time and exerted a significant influence on patients' functional status.

Asunto(s)

COVID-19 , Ecocardiografía , Síndrome Post Agudo de COVID-19 , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , COVID-19/complicaciones , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Factores Sexuales , SARS-CoV-2 , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/etiología , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/fisiopatología , Caracteres Sexuales , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Función Ventricular Izquierda

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In pulmonary hypertension (PH), the identification of easily obtainable prognostic markers associated with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and survival is needed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of red cell distribution width (RDW) with clinical, echocardiographic parameters and survival in patients with pre-capillary PH, with the development of a mortality prediction model. METHODS: Observational, longitudinal, and prospective study conducted from May 2019 to December 2022. Thirty-four patients with pre-capillary PH underwent two-dimensional echocardiography and complete blood count. A cutoff point of 14.5% was considered to define RDW as altered (≥14.5%) or normal (<14.5%). P values <0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: The median RDW was 14.4%. There was a significant difference in peripheral arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) (p=0.028), RV strain (p=0.047), and pericardial effusion (p=0.002) between the normal and elevated RDW groups. During a median follow-up of 15 months, 20.6% died. Patients with increased RDW had a shorter overall survival (44.7%, log-rank p=0.019), which was a predictor of mortality in univariate Cox regression (HR 8.55, p=0.048). The addition of RV strain <16% and SpO2 ≤93% to the model including RDW alone showed incremental value in predicting mortality (χ2=8.2, p=0.049; χ2=12.4, p=0.041), with increased area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.729 vs. 0.837 vs. 0.909) and decreased probability of survival (44.7% vs. 35.6% vs. 25%, log-rank p=0.019). CONCLUSIONS: RDW provides information on the severity of pre-capillary PH by correlating with echocardiographic parameters of RV dysfunction and mortality, which is best predicted by a model including RDW, RV strain and SpO2.

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FUNDAMENTO: Na hipertensão pulmonar (HP), é necessária a identificação de marcadores prognósticos de fácil obtenção associados com disfunção do ventrículo direito (VD) e sobrevida. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação do índice de anisocitose eritrocitária (RDW, do inglês red cell distribution width) com parâmetros ecocardiográficos e sobrevida em pacientes com HP pré-capilar, com o desenvolvimento de um modelo de predição de mortalidade. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, longitudinal, prospectivo, conduzido entre maio de 2019 e dezembro de 2022. Trinta e quatro pacientes com HP pré-capilar submeteram-se à realização de ecocardiograma bidimensional e hemograma. Um ponto de corte de 14,5% foi adotado para definir o RDW como alterado (≥14,5%) ou normal (<14,5%). Valores de p<0,05 foram considerados significativos. RESULTADOS: O RDW médio foi 14,4%. Houve uma diferença significativa na saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2) (p=0,028), strain do VD (p=0,047) e derrame pericárdico (p=0,002) entre os grupos com RDW normal e elevado. Durante um período mediano de 15 meses, 20,6% dos pacientes foram a óbito. Os pacientes com RDW aumentado tiveram uma sobrevida global mais curta (44,7%, log-rank p=0,019), sendo um preditor de mortalidade na regressão univariada de Cox. A adição do strain do VD < 16% e da SpO2 ≤93% ao modelo incluindo somente RDW mostrou valor incremental na predição de mortalidade (χ2=8,2, p=0,049; χ2=12,4, p=0,041), com área sob a curva ROC (do inglês, Receiver Operating Characteristic) aumentada (0,729 vs. 0,837 vs. 0,909) e probabilidade de sobrevida diminuída (44.7% vs. 35.6% vs. 25%, log-rank p=0,019). CONCLUSÕES: O RDW fornece informações sobre a gravidade da HP pré-capilar pela sua correlação com parâmetros ecocardiográficos de disfunção do VD e mortalidade, a qual é melhor predita por um modelo incluindo RDW, strain do VD e SpO2.

Asunto(s)

Ecocardiografía , Índices de Eritrocitos , Hipertensión Pulmonar , Humanos , Hipertensión Pulmonar/mortalidad , Hipertensión Pulmonar/sangre , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Pronóstico , Anciano , Estudios Longitudinales , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/mortalidad , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/sangre , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Adulto , Curva ROC , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and aortic regurgitation (AR) can present with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of AR on RV impairment and the importance of ventricular interdependence using cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR­FT) in patients with T2DM. METHODS: This study included 229 patients with T2DM (AR-), 88 patients with T2DM (AR+), and 122 healthy controls. The biventricular global radial strain (GRS), global circumferential strain (GCS), and global longitudinal peak strain (GLS) were calculated with CMR­FT and compared among the healthy control, T2DM (AR-), and T2DM (AR+) groups. The RV regional strains at the basal, mid, and apical cavities between the T2DM (AR+) group and subgroups with different AR degrees were compared. Backward stepwise multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine the effects of AR and left ventricular (LV) strains on RV strains. RESULTS: The RV GLS, LV GRS, LV GCS, LV GLS, interventricular septal (IVS) GRS and IVS GCS were decreased gradually from the controls through the T2DM (AR-) group to the T2DM (AR+) group. The IVS GLS of the T2DM (AR-) and T2DM (AR+) groups was lower than that of the control group. AR was independently associated with LV GRS, LV GCS, LV GLS, RV GCS, and RV GLS. If AR and LV GLSs were included in the regression analyses, AR and LV GLS were independently associated with RV GLS. CONCLUSION: AR can exacerbate RV dysfunction in patients with T2DM, which may be associated with the superimposed strain injury of the left ventricle and interventricular septum. The RV longitudinal and circumferential strains are important indicators of cardiac injury in T2DM and AR. The unfavorable LV-RV interdependence supports that while focusing on improving LV function, RV dysfunction should be monitored and treated in order to slow the progression of the disease and the onset of adverse outcomes.

Asunto(s)

Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Función Ventricular Derecha , Humanos , Masculino , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Aórtica/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/fisiopatología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/diagnóstico , Anciano , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Factores de Riesgo , Fenómenos Biomecánicos

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) is an integral part of the management algorithm of patients with severe respiratory failure refractory to evidence-based conventional treatments. Right ventricular injury (RVI) pertaining to abnormalities in the dimensions and/or function of the right ventricle (RV) in the context of VV-ECMO significantly influences mortality. However, in the absence of a universally accepted RVI definition and evidence-based guidance for the management of RVI in this very high-risk patient cohort, variations in clinical practice continue to exist. METHODS: Following a systematic search of the literature, an international Steering Committee consisting of eight healthcare professionals involved in the management of patients receiving ECMO identified domains and knowledge gaps pertaining to RVI definition and management where the evidence is limited or ambiguous. Using a Delphi process, an international panel of 52 Experts developed Expert position statements in those areas. The process also conferred RV-centric overarching open questions for future research. Consensus was defined as achieved when 70% or more of the Experts agreed or disagreed on a Likert-scale statement or when 80% or more of the Experts agreed on a particular option in multiple-choice questions. RESULTS: The Delphi process was conducted through four rounds and consensus was achieved on 31 (89%) of 35 statements from which 24 Expert position statements were derived. Expert position statements provided recommendations for RVI nomenclature in the setting of VV-ECMO, a multi-modal diagnostic approach to RVI, the timing and parameters of diagnostic echocardiography, and VV-ECMO settings during RVI assessment and management. Consensus was not reached on RV-protective driving pressure thresholds or the effect of prone positioning on patient-centric outcomes. CONCLUSION: The proposed definition of RVI in the context of VV-ECMO needs to be validated through a systematic aggregation of data across studies. Until further evidence emerges, the Expert position statements can guide informed decision-making in the management of these patients.

Asunto(s)

Técnica Delphi , Oxigenación por Membrana Extracorpórea , Oxigenación por Membrana Extracorpórea/métodos , Oxigenación por Membrana Extracorpórea/normas , Humanos , Adulto , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/terapia , Insuficiencia Respiratoria/etiología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/terapia , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Consenso , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Ventrículos Cardíacos/lesiones , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is known to impact prognosis, but its determinants in coronary artery disease are poorly understood. Stress cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been used to assess ischemia and infarction in relation to the left ventricle (LV); the impact of myocardial tissue properties on RV function is unknown. METHODS: Vasodilator stress CMR was performed in patients with known coronary artery disease at 7 sites between May 2005 and October 2018. Myocardial infarction was identified on late gadolinium enhancement-CMR, and infarct transmurality was graded on a per-segment basis. Ischemia was assessed on stress CMR based on first-pass perfusion and localized by using segment partitions corresponding to cine and late gadolinium enhancement analyses. RV function was evaluated by CMR-feature tracking for primary analysis with a global longitudinal strain threshold of 20% used to define impaired RV strain (RVIS); secondary functional analysis via RV ejection fraction was also performed. RESULTS: A total of 2604 patients were studied, among whom RVIS was present in 461 patients (18%). The presence and magnitude of RVIS were strongly associated with LV dysfunction, irrespective of whether measured by LV ejection fraction or wall motion score (P<0.001 for all). Regarding tissue substrate, regions of ischemic and dysfunctional myocardium (ie, hibernating myocardium) and infarct size were each independently associated with RVIS (both P<0.001). During follow-up (median, 4.62 [interquartile range, 2.15-7.67] years), 555 deaths (21%) occurred. Kaplan-Meier analysis for patients stratified by presence and magnitude of RV dysfunction by global longitudinal strain and RV ejection fraction each demonstrated strong prognostic utility for all-cause mortality (P<0.001). RVIS conferred increased mortality risk (hazard ratio, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.11-1.66]; P=0.003) even after controlling for LV function, infarction, and ischemia. CONCLUSIONS: RVIS in patients with known coronary artery disease is associated with potentially reversible LV processes, including LV functional impairment due to ischemic and predominantly viable myocardium, which confers increased mortality risk independent of LV function and tissue substrate.

Asunto(s)

Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Imagen de Perfusión Miocárdica , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha , Función Ventricular Derecha , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/fisiopatología , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/diagnóstico por imagen , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética/métodos , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Función Ventricular Derecha/fisiología , Imagen de Perfusión Miocárdica/métodos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Volumen Sistólico/fisiología , Función Ventricular Izquierda/fisiología , Pronóstico , Estados Unidos/epidemiología

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha , Humanos , Biomarcadores/sangre , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico

RESUMEN

The molecular mechanisms of progressive right heart failure are incompletely understood. In this study, we systematically examined transcriptomic changes occurring over months in isolated cardiomyocytes or whole heart tissues from failing right and left ventricles in rat models of pulmonary artery banding (PAB) or aortic banding (AOB). Detailed bioinformatics analyses resulted in the identification of gene signature, protein and transcription factor networks specific to ventricles and compensated or decompensated disease states. Proteomic and RNA-FISH analyses confirmed PAB-mediated regulation of key genes and revealed spatially heterogeneous mRNA expression in the heart. Intersection of rat PAB-specific gene sets with transcriptome datasets from human patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) led to the identification of more than 50 genes whose expression levels correlated with the severity of right heart disease, including multiple matrix-regulating and secreted factors. These data define a conserved, differentially regulated genetic network associated with right heart failure in rats and humans.

Asunto(s)

Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Ventrículos Cardíacos , Animales , Humanos , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/genética , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/metabolismo , Ventrículos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Ratas , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Transcriptoma , Masculino , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Miocitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Hipertensión Pulmonar/genética , Proteómica , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/genética , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología

RESUMEN

Severe systemic right ventricular failure with tricuspid regurgitation is associated with poor prognosis. Here, we report a case of 49-year-old patient who experienced severe systemic right ventricular failure following atrial switch. We chose the surgical strategy for this challenging case using comprehensive four-dimensional imaging. The patient underwent tricuspid valve repair and cardiac resynchronization therapy and recovered with improved cardiac function and regulated tricuspid valve regurgitation.

Asunto(s)

Terapia de Resincronización Cardíaca , Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha , Función Ventricular Derecha , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/cirugía , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/diagnóstico por imagen , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/etiología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/cirugía , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico por imagen , Resultado del Tratamiento , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/cirugía , Válvula Tricúspide/cirugía , Válvula Tricúspide/diagnóstico por imagen , Válvula Tricúspide/fisiopatología , Recuperación de la Función , Masculino , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas , Anuloplastia de la Válvula Cardíaca , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos

RESUMEN

AIM: Behcet's disease (BD) is a systemic disorder characterized by vasculitis, resulting in thickened vascular walls that reduce elasticity and impair function. BD can involve the cardiovascular system in three ways: cardiac, arterial, and venous. In this study, our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of pulmonary arterial stiffness (PAS) and pulmonary pulse transit time (PPTT) measures in demonstrating right ventricular functions in asymptomatic BD patients. We aimed to objectively evaluate right ventricular function in patients with BD using four-dimensional echocardiography (4DE). METHOD: This study included 40 patients diagnosed with BD and 40 healthy subjects. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic parameters were compared. In addition to standard transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation, right ventricle quantification (RVQ) by using the 4DE and 2D-speckle tracking echocardiography were performed. RESULTS: The sPAP, 4D RVQ, and right ventricular strain values exhibited significant differences between the BD and control groups. Right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RVDD), right ventricular end-systolic diameter (RVSD), right atrium (RA) area, right ventricular myocardial performance index (RVMPI), and PAS were increased in BD patients compared to the control group. Right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), Tricuspid S', and PPTT were decreased in BD patients compared to control subjects. PPTT correlated with right ventricular free wall strain (RV-FWS) and PAS. In a multivariate linear regression analysis, PAS and RVFAC were found to be independent predictors of RVFWS. In addition, RVFAC and TAPSE are independent predictors for PPTT. CONCLUSION: Patients with BD may have elevated pulmonary arterial stiffness (PAS) in correlation with decreased PPTT. To ascertain the prognosis for these individuals, right ventricular (RV) functions must be evaluated. Measurements of RVFAC and RVEF via 4DE and deformation imaging techniques may be more useful in identifying subclinical impairment of RV. Individuals with BD, PAS, and PPTT may suggest a link between early pulmonary vascular remodeling and RV subclinical impairment.

Asunto(s)

Síndrome de Behçet , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha , Humanos , Síndrome de Behçet/fisiopatología , Síndrome de Behçet/complicaciones , Síndrome de Behçet/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Ecocardiografía/métodos , Arteria Pulmonar/fisiopatología , Arteria Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagen , Función Ventricular Derecha/fisiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Rigidez Vascular/fisiología

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-enhanced electrocardiogram (AI-ECG) analysis shows promise to detect biventricular pathophysiology. However, AI-ECG analysis remains underexplored in congenital heart disease (CHD). OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to develop and externally validate an AI-ECG model to predict cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)-defined biventricular dysfunction/dilation in patients with CHD. METHODS: We trained (80%) and tested (20%) a convolutional neural network on paired ECG-CMRs (≤30 days apart) from patients with and without CHD to detect left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤40%), RV dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤35%), and LV and RV dilation (end-diastolic volume z-score ≥4). Performance was assessed during internal testing and external validation on an outside health care system using area under receiver-operating curve (AUROC) and area under precision recall curve. RESULTS: The internal and external cohorts comprised 8,584 ECG-CMR pairs (n = 4,941; median CMR age 20.7 years) and 909 ECG-CMR pairs (n = 746; median CMR age 25.4 years), respectively. Model performance was similar for internal testing (AUROC: LV dysfunction 0.87; LV dilation 0.86; RV dysfunction 0.88; RV dilation 0.81) and external validation (AUROC: LV dysfunction 0.89; LV dilation 0.83; RV dysfunction 0.82; RV dilation 0.80). Model performance was lowest in functionally single ventricle patients. Tetralogy of Fallot patients predicted to be at high risk of ventricular dysfunction had lower survival (P < 0.001). Model explainability via saliency mapping revealed that lateral precordial leads influence all outcome predictions, with high-risk features including QRS widening and T-wave inversions for RV dysfunction/dilation. CONCLUSIONS: AI-ECG shows promise to predict biventricular dysfunction/dilation, which may help inform CMR timing in CHD.

Asunto(s)

Aprendizaje Profundo , Electrocardiografía , Cardiopatías Congénitas , Humanos , Electrocardiografía/métodos , Femenino , Masculino , Cardiopatías Congénitas/fisiopatología , Cardiopatías Congénitas/complicaciones , Cardiopatías Congénitas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Niño , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética/métodos , Preescolar , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: We sought to assess the feasibility, reproducibility, and accuracy of conventional and newer echocardiographic measures of right ventricular (RV) systolic function in adolescent and young adult childhood cancer survivors treated with anthracyclines. METHODS: Echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) were acquired ≤60 days apart in prospectively recruited survivors and RV functional measures were quantitated by blinded observers. Repeat quantitation was performed in a subset to evaluate reproducibility. For each echocardiographic measure, Spearman correlations with CMR measures were calculated, and values in participants with CMR RV ejection fraction (RVEF) ≥48% and RVEF <48% were compared using two sample Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. RESULTS: Among 58 participants, mean age was 18.2 years (range 13.1-25.2) and five participants had CMR RVEF <48%. Intra- and inter-observer coefficients of variation were 8.2%-10.1% and 10.5%-12.0% for adjusted automated strain measures, and 5.2%-8.7% and 2.7% for 3D RVEF, respectively. No echocardiographic measures were significantly correlated with CMR RVEF; only tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion was correlated with CMR RV stroke volume (r = .392, p = .003). Participants with RV dysfunction had worse automated global longitudinal strain (-20.3% vs. -23.9%, p = .007) and free wall longitudinal strain (-23.7% vs. -26.7%, p = .09). CONCLUSIONS: Echocardiographic strain and 3D RV function measurements were feasible and reproducible in at-risk childhood cancer survivors. Although not associated with CMR RVEF in this population with predominantly normal RV function, automated strain measurements were more abnormal in participants with RV dysfunction, suggesting potential clinical utility of these measures.

Asunto(s)

Supervivientes de Cáncer , Ecocardiografía , Estudios de Factibilidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Estudios Prospectivos , Adulto , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/complicaciones , Supervivientes de Cáncer/estadística & datos numéricos , Ecocardiografía/métodos , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Función Ventricular Derecha/fisiología , Sístole , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Neoplasias/complicaciones , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética/métodos , Volumen Sistólico/fisiología

RESUMEN

Fusion imaging (FI) technology using EchoNavigator that integrates live transesophageal echocardiogram and overlays on real-time fluoroscopy. We present our experience placing a right ventricular (RV) support device, a ProtekDuo, in our patient with post-operative RV failure using FI to guide the implantation.

Asunto(s)

Ecocardiografía Transesofágica , Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Corazón Auxiliar , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha , Humanos , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/cirugía , Ecocardiografía Transesofágica/métodos , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/cirugía , Masculino , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Fluoroscopía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del Tratamiento , Implantación de Prótesis/métodos , Cirugía Asistida por Computador/métodos , Enfermedad Aguda

RESUMEN

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review addresses treatment options for moderate to severe tricuspid valve regurgitation and the importance of right ventricular function and the pulmonary circulation. RECENT FINDINGS: Several interventional treatment options for severe tricuspid regurgitation have been developed including transcatheter edge-to-edge repair, annuloplasty and valve replacement. So far, transcatheter edge-to-edge repair is most frequently used with procedural success rates of more than 95% and improvements in functional and quality of life parameters for up to 2 years. Right ventricular function as well as pulmonary artery pressure and resistance levels are important outcome predictors. Mean pulmonary artery pressure more than 30 mmHg, transpulmonary gradient more than 17 mmHg and right ventricular to pulmonary artery coupling ratio less than 0.406 indicate poor outcome. SUMMARY: Despite the remarkable safety of interventional treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation right ventricular dysfunction and abnormal pulmonary hemodynamics are important determinants of procedural success and clinical outcome.Complete hemodynamic work-up should be an integral part of prerepair assessment although validated data predicting outcome are limited.

Asunto(s)

Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas , Circulación Pulmonar , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide , Válvula Tricúspide , Humanos , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/cirugía , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/fisiopatología , Circulación Pulmonar/fisiología , Válvula Tricúspide/cirugía , Válvula Tricúspide/fisiopatología , Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas/métodos , Anuloplastia de la Válvula Cardíaca/métodos , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Hemodinámica/fisiología , Función Ventricular Derecha/fisiología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Cateterismo Cardíaco/métodos , Calidad de Vida

RESUMEN

Cardiac function is known to play critical role in the pathophysiological progression and ultimate clinical outcome of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). While often anatomically normal, the fetal and neonatal heart in CDH can suffer from both right and left ventricular dysfunction. Here we explore the abnormal fetal heart, early postnatal right and left ventricular dysfunction, the interplay between cardiac dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension, evaluation and echocardiographic assessment of the heart, and therapeutic strategies for managing and supporting the pathophysiologic heart and CDH. Further, we take a common clinical scenario and provide clinically relevant guidance for the diagnosis and management of this complex process.

Asunto(s)

Hernias Diafragmáticas Congénitas , Humanos , Hernias Diafragmáticas Congénitas/diagnóstico , Hernias Diafragmáticas Congénitas/fisiopatología , Hernias Diafragmáticas Congénitas/complicaciones , Hernias Diafragmáticas Congénitas/terapia , Recién Nacido , Hipertensión Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Hipertensión Pulmonar/etiología , Hipertensión Pulmonar/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/etiología , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico , Ecocardiografía , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico , Corazón Fetal/diagnóstico por imagen , Corazón Fetal/fisiopatología

RESUMEN

The value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in assessing and predicting acute right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in patients with anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains ascertained. Eighty eight patients with anterior STEMI were prospectively recruited and underwent CMR examinations within one week following the coronary intervention. Patients with RV ejection fraction (RVEF) less than 2 standard deviations below the average at the center (RVEF ≤ 45.0%) were defined as having RV dysfunction. The size of infarction, segmental wall motion, and T1 and T2 mapping values of global myocardium and the interventricular septum (IVS) were measured. Predictive performance was calculated using receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis and logistic regression test. Twenty two patients presented with RV dysfunction. The RV dysfunction group had a larger IVS infarct extent (54.28 ± 10.35 vs 33.95 ± 15.09%, P < 0.001) and lower left ventricle stroke volume index (33.93 ± 7.96 vs 42.46 ± 8.14 ml/m2, P < 0.001) compared to the non-RV dysfunction group. IVS infarct extent at 48.8% best predicted the presence of RV dysfunction with an area under the curve of 0.864. Left ventricular stroke volume index (LVSVI) and IVS infarct extent were selected by stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis. Lower LVSVI (odds ratio [OR] 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 0.99; P = 0.044) and higher IVS infarct extent (OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.33; P = 0.01) were found to be independent predictors for RV dysfunction. In patients with anterior STEMI, those with larger IVS infarct extent and worse LV function are more likely to be associated with RV dysfunction.

Asunto(s)

Infarto de la Pared Anterior del Miocardio , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST , Volumen Sistólico , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha , Función Ventricular Derecha , Tabique Interventricular , Humanos , Masculino , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/fisiopatología , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/complicaciones , Infarto del Miocardio con Elevación del ST/terapia , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Estudios Prospectivos , Anciano , Tabique Interventricular/diagnóstico por imagen , Tabique Interventricular/fisiopatología , Infarto de la Pared Anterior del Miocardio/fisiopatología , Infarto de la Pared Anterior del Miocardio/diagnóstico por imagen , Infarto de la Pared Anterior del Miocardio/complicaciones , Infarto de la Pared Anterior del Miocardio/terapia , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Factores de Riesgo , Intervención Coronaria Percutánea

RESUMEN

Ventricular remodeling leads to fibrotic changes in systemic right ventricles (RV). Native T1 mapping provides a quantitative measure in myocardial tissue characterization. The aim of our study was to correlate native T1 values of the systemic RV to function and volumetric data. Native T1 maps were generated with a single breath hold Modified Look-Locker Inversion-recovery pulse (MOLLI) sequence was acquired in the mid-ventricular short axis. Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn in both ventricular free walls, the interventricular septum (IVS), superior insertion point (SIP) and inferior insertion point (IIP) to obtain native T1 values. T1 values were compared to CMR ventricular volumes and function using Spearman correlation. The median age was 36 years (IQR 27-48 years). There were elevated mean native left ventricular (LV) T1 and IIP T1 values at 1122 ± 171 ms and 1117 ± 96 ms, respectively. RV dysfunction was associated with elevated IIP T1 (p = 0.007). Significant moderate negative correlations were seen between RV T1 and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) (r= -0.63, p = 0.01), between RV: IVS T1 ratio and LVEF (r= -0.68, p = 0.006), between LVEF and SIP: IVS T1 ratios (r= -0.54, p = 0.04), and RVEF and IIP T1 (r= -0.59, p = 0.02). Fibrosis measured by native T1 mapping in the systemic RV is most prominent in the LV wall and septal insertion point and correlates with decreased function. T1 values can be used in non-invasive imaging assessment of the RV, but further studies with larger cohorts are needed to assess ability to risk stratify and guide therapy.

Asunto(s)

Fibrosis , Ventrículos Cardíacos , Imagen por Resonancia Cinemagnética , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Volumen Sistólico , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Función Ventricular Derecha , Remodelación Ventricular , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Interpretación de Imagen Asistida por Computador

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Right ventricular (RV) involvement has been reported in one out of three patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), however its prognostic significance remains unknown. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of RV involvement in patients with HCM through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: A literature search was performed on PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane Library databases from inception through November 15, 2023. Original articles enrolling HCM patients >18 years old and evaluating the association of RV parameters routinely assessed in clinical practice through trans-thoracic echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance (i.e., RV hypertrophy, volumes, systolic function, and late gadolinium enhancement) and the risk of a pre-defined composite endpoint including i) all cause death; ii) cardiac death; iii) heart transplantation; iv) heart failure-related hospitalization; v) atrial fibrillation; vi) ventricular tachycardia; and vii) stroke were retrieved. We pooled the effect of RV imaging variables on the combined clinical endpoint in terms of hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: The meta-analysis included 12 articles and 4634 patients. The pooled analysis demonstrated that the presence of RV systolic dysfunction conveyed an increased risk of adverse outcomes (HR 2.46; 95% CI 1.80-3.35; P < 0.001), whereas other RV imaging parameters were not significantly associated with patients' prognosis, except for RV-fractional area change analyzed as a continuous variable (HR 0.96 per % increase; 95% CI 0.93-0.995; P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Our results pinpoint a prognostic role of RV dysfunction, independent of left ventricular involvement, in patients with HCM, and future longitudinal studies, including multi-parametric RV assessment, are encouraged to provide clinically-relevant data to refine risk stratification in patients with HCM.

Asunto(s)

Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica , Humanos , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/fisiopatología , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/diagnóstico por imagen , Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica/complicaciones , Pronóstico , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/etiología , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología

RESUMEN

AIMS: Little research has investigated how sex may affect the prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure (HF). The present study was aimed at exploring sex-specific differences in prognosis in a cohort of patients with chronic HF, categorized according to severity of left ventricular dysfunction (HFrEF, HFmrEF and HFpEF), right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and ischemic (IHD) or nonischemic (no-IHD) etiology. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included 1640 HF patients of whom 24% were females, 759 patients had IHD, 1110 patients had HFrEF, 147 patients had HFmrEF and 383 patients had HFpEF. The median follow-up period was 63 months (25th-75th 27-93). RESULTS: In the no-IHD group, no statistically significant sex differences emerged regarding survival, regardless of age and severity of cardiac dysfunction. In contrast, in the IHD group, females had a significantly lower event rate than males in the age group between 65 and 79 years [hazard ratio (HR) 0.39; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86-0.18; P  < 0.01]; in addition, a lower event rate was observed in females compared with males among patients with HFrEF (HR 0.47; 95% CI: 0.88-0.25; P  < 0.01), among patients without RV dysfunction (HR 0.58; 95% CI: 1.02-0.33; P  = 0.048) and among patients without diabetes (HR 0.44; 95% CI: 0.84-0.23; P  < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In nonischemic patients there was no difference between males and females in terms of survival whereas in patients with ischemic etiology survival was better in females among elderly patients, in HFrEF patients, in the absence of RV dysfunction and in the absence of diabetes.

Asunto(s)

Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Anciano , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores Sexuales , Pronóstico , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/mortalidad , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico , Isquemia Miocárdica/mortalidad , Isquemia Miocárdica/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/mortalidad , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Factores de Riesgo , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad

Asunto(s)

Circulación Pulmonar , Función Ventricular Derecha , Humanos , Circulación Pulmonar/fisiología , Función Ventricular Derecha/fisiología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/fisiopatología , Disfunción Ventricular Derecha/diagnóstico por imagen , Europa (Continente)