RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Aortic Dissection (AD) is a vascular disease with a high mortality rate and limited treatment strategies. The current research analyzed the function and regulatory mechanism of lncRNA HCG18 in AD. METHODS: HCG18, miR-103a-3p, and HMGA2 levels in the aortic tissue of AD patients were examined by RT-qPCR. After transfection with relevant plasmids, the proliferation of rat aortic Vascular Smoothing Muscle Cells (VSMCs) was detected by CCK-8 and colony formation assay, Bcl-2 and Bax was measured by Western blot, and apoptosis was checked by flow cytometry. Then, the targeting relationship between miR-103a-3p and HCG18 or HMGA2 was verified by bioinformation website analysis and dual luciferase reporter assay. Finally, the effect of HCG18 was verified in an AD rat model induced by ß-aminopropionitrile. RESULTS: HCG18 and HMGA2 were upregulated and miR-103a-3p was downregulated in the aortic tissues of AD patients. Downregulating HCG18 or upregulating miR-103a-3p enhanced the proliferation of VSMCs and limited cell apoptosis. HCG18 promoted HMGA2 expression by competing with miR-103a-3p and restoring HMGA2 could impair the effect of HCG18 downregulation or miR-103a-3p upregulation in mediating the proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs. In addition, down-regulation of HCG18 could improve the pathological injury of the aorta in AD rats. CONCLUSION: HCG18 reduces proliferation and induces apoptosis of VSMCs through the miR-103a-3p/HMGA2 axis, thus aggravating AD.
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Disección Aórtica , Apoptosis , Proliferación Celular , MicroARNs , ARN Largo no Codificante , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Apoptosis/genética , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/genética , Animales , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante/metabolismo , Disección Aórtica/genética , Disección Aórtica/metabolismo , Humanos , Proteína HMGA2/genética , Proteína HMGA2/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratas , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Regulación hacia Abajo , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Regulación hacia Arriba , Persona de Mediana Edad , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de EnfermedadRESUMEN
Aortic dissection is characterized by the redirection of blood flow, which flows through an intimal tear into the aortic media. The purpose of this study was to find potential acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD)-related genes and molecular mechanisms by bioinformatics. The gene expression profiles of GSE52093 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 7 AAAD samples and 5 normal samples. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between AAAD and normal samples. The functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis were conducted through the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integration Discovery (DAVID). A protein-protein interaction network was established by the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) software. The microRNAs (miRNAs) of these differentially expressed genes were predicted using
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Disección Aórtica/genética , Biología Computacional , Mapeo de Interacción de Proteínas , Transcriptoma/genética , Enfermedad Aguda , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Bases de Datos Genéticas , Humanos , Transducción de SeñalRESUMEN
Aortic dissection is characterized by the redirection of blood flow, which flows through an intimal tear into the aortic media. The purpose of this study was to find potential acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD)-related genes and molecular mechanisms by bioinformatics. The gene expression profiles of GSE52093 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 7 AAAD samples and 5 normal samples. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between AAAD and normal samples. The functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis were conducted through the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integration Discovery (DAVID). A protein-protein interaction network was established by the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) software. The microRNAs (miRNAs) of these differentially expressed genes were predicted using <microRNA.org> database. Moreover, DEGs were analyzed in the comparative toxicogenomics (CTD) database to screen out the potential therapeutic small molecules. As a result, there were 172 DEGs identified in patients with AAAD. These DEGs were significantly enriched in 6 pathways, including cell cycle, oocyte meiosis, DNA replication, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, and mineral absorption pathway. Notably, CDC20, CDK1, CHEK1, KIF20A, MCM10, PBK, PTTG1, RACGAP, and TOP2A were crucial genes with a high degree in the protein-protein interaction network. Furthermore, potential miRNAs (miR-301, miR-302 family, and miR-130 family) were identified. In addition, small molecules like azathioprine and zoledronic acid were identified to be potential drugs for AAAD.
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Humanos , Biología Computacional , Mapeo de Interacción de Proteínas , Transcriptoma/genética , Disección Aórtica/genética , Transducción de Señal , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Enfermedad Aguda , Bases de Datos GenéticasRESUMEN
Spontaneous cervico-cerebral artery dissection (CCAD) is a common condition found among young patients with ischemic stroke. We examined the possible association between the polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)-C677T and the gene mutation in transforming growth factor beta receptor II (TGFBR2) in a cohort of CCAD patients. One-hundred CCAD cases (65 males; mean age: 38.08 ± 10.68 years) and 100 matching controls were included. Ancestry informative markers (AIMs) were used to increase internal validity of the genetic analysis. Genotypes of the C677T polymorphism in the MTHFR gene were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism; direct sequencing was used for a mutation analysis of the TGFBR2 gene. Associations were evaluated using a multivariate statistics, and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was analyzed. We also incorporated our data into a meta-analysis of the MTHFR-C677T. Sixty-three patients presented with vertebral and 37 with carotid artery dissection. Ancestry markers found a call rate on each over 95 %. All AIMs did not deviate from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). The homozygous TT genotype was more frequent in cases (OR 2.04, CI 95 % 1.53-2.72, p = 0.005), whereas no significant difference was found on heterozygous CT genotype. TGFBR2 mutation was not present in our samples. In the meta-analysis of MTHFR/C677T variant, a total 613 cases and 1547 controls were analyzed; we found a moderate association for the recessive model genotype (OR 2.04, CI 95 % 1.53-2.72; p = 0.342; Z = 4.83; I (2) = 11.3). This study supports a positive association between the MTHFR-C677T polymorphism and genetically confirmed Mexican mestizo CCAD patients.
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Disección Aórtica/genética , Enfermedades Arteriales Cerebrales/genética , Indígenas Norteamericanos/genética , Aneurisma Intracraneal/genética , Metilenotetrahidrofolato Reductasa (NADPH2)/genética , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinasas/genética , Receptores de Factores de Crecimiento Transformadores beta/genética , Adulto , Disección Aórtica/etnología , Enfermedades Arteriales Cerebrales/etnología , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad/etnología , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraneal/etnología , Masculino , México , Mutación , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Receptor Tipo II de Factor de Crecimiento Transformador betaRESUMEN
El síndrome Loeys Dietz es una enfermedad genética autosómica dominante caracterizada por aneurismas o disecciones arteriales cerebrales, torácicas, ó abdominales y manifestaciones esqueléticas. Describimos dos hermanos con hallazgos clínicos de craneosinostosis, úvula bífida, ectasia aórtica, pectus excavatum y antecedentes de padre y abuelo fallecidos por disección aórtica a los 29 y 31 años respectivamente. Uno de estos niños tiene también hallazgos fenotípicos de Síndrome Noonan. Se discuten y asignan características clínicas de ambas entidades. Este es el primer reporte de un caso clínico con Síndrome Loeys Dietz en Cuba (AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Síndrome de Loeys-Dietz/genética , Síndrome de Noonan/genética , Aneurisma de la Aorta/genética , Disección Aórtica/genética , CubaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Genetic risk factors are thought to play a role in the etiology of spontaneous cervical artery dissections (CAD). However, familial CAD is extremely rare. In this study we analyzed patients with familial CAD and asked the question whether familial CAD has particular features. METHODS: Seven families with 15 CAD patients were recruited. All patients were carefully investigated by a neurologist, a neuroradiologist, and a dermatologist for clinical characteristics. From 11 patients a skin biopsy was performed to study the morphology of the connective tissue and to analyze the coding sequences of COL3A1, COL5A1, COL5A2, and part of COL1A1. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients (n=15, 9 women) at their first dissection was 36.2 years (median age 32 years, range 18 to 59). Two patients had bilateral CAD. One patient had a right and a left internal carotid artery dissection in successive weeks, another patient had 5 dissections over a period of 8 years. A high intrafamilial correlation was found between the affected vessels (ie, the carotid and the vertebral arteries) and between ages at the first dissection. In 1 patient we found clear and reproducible ultrastructural abnormalities in the skin biopsy, but the second patient from the family was not studied, because he died as a result of CAD before this study. The dermal connective tissue aberrations in the examined patient were similar to mild findings in patients with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS type IV), but might be iatrogenic and related to long-term corticosteroid inhalation therapy. All other analyzed patients showed normal connective tissue morphology. In patients from 6 families we analyzed the whole coding sequence of COL3A1, COL5A1, and COL5A2, and from part of COL1A1. A missense mutation in the COL3A1 gene (leading to a G157S substitution in type III procollagen) was detected in both patients from 1e family. Two patients from another family carried a rare nonsynonymous coding polymorphism in COL5A1 (D192N); 1 of them carried also a rare variant in COL5A2 (T12337). CONCLUSIONS: Familial CAD patients are young and probably are at high risk for recurrent or multiple CAD. Ultrastructural alterations of the dermal connective tissue might not be an important risk factor for familial CAD. However, the finding of a COL3A1 mutation revealed the presence of an inherited connective tissue disorder in 1 family.